lib/reed_solomon/reed_solomon.c

   1 /*
   2  * lib/reed_solomon/reed_solomon.c
   3  *
   4  * Overview:
   5  *   Generic Reed Solomon encoder / decoder library
   6  *
   7  * Copyright (C) 2004 Thomas Gleixner (tglx@linutronix.de)
   8  *
   9  * Reed Solomon code lifted from reed solomon library written by Phil Karn
  10  * Copyright 2002 Phil Karn, KA9Q
  11  *
  12  * $Id: rslib.c,v 1.7 2005/11/07 11:14:59 gleixner Exp $
  13  *
  14  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  15  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
  16  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  17  *
  18  * Description:
  19  *
  20  * The generic Reed Solomon library provides runtime configurable
  21  * encoding / decoding of RS codes.
  22  * Each user must call init_rs to get a pointer to a rs_control
  23  * structure for the given rs parameters. This structure is either
  24  * generated or a already available matching control structure is used.
  25  * If a structure is generated then the polynomial arrays for
  26  * fast encoding / decoding are built. This can take some time so
  27  * make sure not to call this function from a time critical path.
  28  * Usually a module / driver should initialize the necessary
  29  * rs_control structure on module / driver init and release it
  30  * on exit.
  31  * The encoding puts the calculated syndrome into a given syndrome
  32  * buffer.
  33  * The decoding is a two step process. The first step calculates
  34  * the syndrome over the received (data + syndrome) and calls the
  35  * second stage, which does the decoding / error correction itself.
  36  * Many hw encoders provide a syndrome calculation over the received
  37  * data + syndrome and can call the second stage directly.
  38  *
  39  */
  40
  41 #include <linux/errno.h>
  42 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  43 #include <linux/init.h>
  44 #include <linux/module.h>
  45 #include <linux/rslib.h>
  46 #include <linux/slab.h>
  47 #include <linux/mutex.h>
  48 #include <asm/semaphore.h>
  49
  50 /* This list holds all currently allocated rs control structures */
  51 static LIST_HEAD (rslist);
  52 /* Protection for the list */
  53 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rslistlock);
  54
  55 /**
  56  * rs_init - Initialize a Reed-Solomon codec
  57  * @symsize:    symbol size, bits (1-8)
  58  * @gfpoly:     Field generator polynomial coefficients
  59  * @fcr:        first root of RS code generator polynomial, index form
  60  * @prim:       primitive element to generate polynomial roots
  61  * @nroots:     RS code generator polynomial degree (number of roots)
  62  *
  63  * Allocate a control structure and the polynom arrays for faster
  64  * en/decoding. Fill the arrays according to the given parameters.
  65  */
  66 static struct rs_control *rs_init(int symsize, int gfpoly, int fcr,
  67                                    int prim, int nroots)
  68 {
  69         struct rs_control *rs;
  70         int i, j, sr, root, iprim;
  71
  72         /* Allocate the control structure */
  73         rs = kmalloc(sizeof (struct rs_control), GFP_KERNEL);
  74         if (rs == NULL)
  75                 return NULL;
  76
  77         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rs->list);
  78
  79         rs->mm = symsize;
  80         rs->nn = (1 << symsize) - 1;
  81         rs->fcr = fcr;
  82         rs->prim = prim;
  83         rs->nroots = nroots;
  84         rs->gfpoly = gfpoly;
  85
  86         /* Allocate the arrays */
  87         rs->alpha_to = kmalloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * (rs->nn + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
  88         if (rs->alpha_to == NULL)
  89                 goto errrs;
  90
  91         rs->index_of = kmalloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * (rs->nn + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
  92         if (rs->index_of == NULL)
  93                 goto erralp;
  94
  95         rs->genpoly = kmalloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * (rs->nroots + 1), GFP_KERNEL);
  96         if(rs->genpoly == NULL)
  97                 goto erridx;
  98
  99         /* Generate Galois field lookup tables */
 100         rs->index_of[0] = rs->nn;       /* log(zero) = -inf */
 101         rs->alpha_to[rs->nn] = 0;       /* alpha**-inf = 0 */
 102         sr = 1;
 103         for (i = 0; i < rs->nn; i++) {
 104                 rs->index_of[sr] = i;
 105                 rs->alpha_to[i] = sr;
 106                 sr <<= 1;
 107                 if (sr & (1 << symsize))
 108                         sr ^= gfpoly;
 109                 sr &= rs->nn;
 110         }
 111         /* If it's not primitive, exit */
 112         if(sr != 1)
 113                 goto errpol;
 114
 115         /* Find prim-th root of 1, used in decoding */
 116         for(iprim = 1; (iprim % prim) != 0; iprim += rs->nn);
 117         /* prim-th root of 1, index form */
 118         rs->iprim = iprim / prim;
 119
 120         /* Form RS code generator polynomial from its roots */
 121         rs->genpoly[0] = 1;
 122         for (i = 0, root = fcr * prim; i < nroots; i++, root += prim) {
 123                 rs->genpoly[i + 1] = 1;
 124                 /* Multiply rs->genpoly[] by  @**(root + x) */
 125                 for (j = i; j > 0; j--) {
 126                         if (rs->genpoly[j] != 0) {
 127                                 rs->genpoly[j] = rs->genpoly[j -1] ^
 128                                         rs->alpha_to[rs_modnn(rs,
 129                                         rs->index_of[rs->genpoly[j]] + root)];
 130                         } else
 131                                 rs->genpoly[j] = rs->genpoly[j - 1];
 132                 }
 133                 /* rs->genpoly[0] can never be zero */
 134                 rs->genpoly[0] =
 135                         rs->alpha_to[rs_modnn(rs,
 136                                 rs->index_of[rs->genpoly[0]] + root)];
 137         }
 138         /* convert rs->genpoly[] to index form for quicker encoding */
 139         for (i = 0; i <= nroots; i++)
 140                 rs->genpoly[i] = rs->index_of[rs->genpoly[i]];
 141         return rs;
 142
 143         /* Error exit */
 144 errpol:
 145         kfree(rs->genpoly);
 146 erridx:
 147         kfree(rs->index_of);
 148 erralp:
 149         kfree(rs->alpha_to);
 150 errrs:
 151         kfree(rs);
 152         return NULL;
 153 }
 154
 155
 156 /**
 157  *  free_rs - Free the rs control structure, if it is no longer used
 158  *  @rs:        the control structure which is not longer used by the
 159  *              caller
 160  */
 161 void free_rs(struct rs_control *rs)
 162 {
 163         mutex_lock(&rslistlock);
 164         rs->users--;
 165         if(!rs->users) {
 166                 list_del(&rs->list);
 167                 kfree(rs->alpha_to);
 168                 kfree(rs->index_of);
 169                 kfree(rs->genpoly);
 170                 kfree(rs);
 171         }
 172         mutex_unlock(&rslistlock);
 173 }
 174
 175 /**
 176  * init_rs - Find a matching or allocate a new rs control structure
 177  *  @symsize:   the symbol size (number of bits)
 178  *  @gfpoly:    the extended Galois field generator polynomial coefficients,
 179  *              with the 0th coefficient in the low order bit. The polynomial
 180  *              must be primitive;
 181  *  @fcr:       the first consecutive root of the rs code generator polynomial
 182  *              in index form
 183  *  @prim:      primitive element to generate polynomial roots
 184  *  @nroots:    RS code generator polynomial degree (number of roots)
 185  */
 186 struct rs_control *init_rs(int symsize, int gfpoly, int fcr, int prim,
 187                            int nroots)
 188 {
 189         struct list_head        *tmp;
 190         struct rs_control       *rs;
 191
 192         /* Sanity checks */
 193         if (symsize < 1)
 194                 return NULL;
 195         if (fcr < 0 || fcr >= (1<<symsize))
 196                 return NULL;
 197         if (prim <= 0 || prim >= (1<<symsize))
 198                 return NULL;
 199         if (nroots < 0 || nroots >= (1<<symsize))
 200                 return NULL;
 201
 202         mutex_lock(&rslistlock);
 203
 204         /* Walk through the list and look for a matching entry */
 205         list_for_each(tmp, &rslist) {
 206                 rs = list_entry(tmp, struct rs_control, list);
 207                 if (symsize != rs->mm)
 208                         continue;
 209                 if (gfpoly != rs->gfpoly)
 210                         continue;
 211                 if (fcr != rs->fcr)
 212                         continue;
 213                 if (prim != rs->prim)
 214                         continue;
 215                 if (nroots != rs->nroots)
 216                         continue;
 217                 /* We have a matching one already */
 218                 rs->users++;
 219                 goto out;
 220         }
 221
 222         /* Create a new one */
 223         rs = rs_init(symsize, gfpoly, fcr, prim, nroots);
 224         if (rs) {
 225                 rs->users = 1;
 226                 list_add(&rs->list, &rslist);
 227         }
 228 out:
 229         mutex_unlock(&rslistlock);
 230         return rs;
 231 }
 232
 233 #ifdef CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON_ENC8
 234 /**
 235  *  encode_rs8 - Calculate the parity for data values (8bit data width)
 236  *  @rs:        the rs control structure
 237  *  @data:      data field of a given type
 238  *  @len:       data length
 239  *  @par:       parity data, must be initialized by caller (usually all 0)
 240  *  @invmsk:    invert data mask (will be xored on data)
 241  *
 242  *  The parity uses a uint16_t data type to enable
 243  *  symbol size > 8. The calling code must take care of encoding of the
 244  *  syndrome result for storage itself.
 245  */
 246 int encode_rs8(struct rs_control *rs, uint8_t *data, int len, uint16_t *par,
 247                uint16_t invmsk)
 248 {
 249 #include "encode_rs.c"
 250 }
 251 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(encode_rs8);
 252 #endif
 253
 254 #ifdef CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON_DEC8
 255 /**
 256  *  decode_rs8 - Decode codeword (8bit data width)
 257  *  @rs:        the rs control structure
 258  *  @data:      data field of a given type
 259  *  @par:       received parity data field
 260  *  @len:       data length
 261  *  @s:         syndrome data field (if NULL, syndrome is calculated)
 262  *  @no_eras:   number of erasures
 263  *  @eras_pos:  position of erasures, can be NULL
 264  *  @invmsk:    invert data mask (will be xored on data, not on parity!)
 265  *  @corr:      buffer to store correction bitmask on eras_pos
 266  *
 267  *  The syndrome and parity uses a uint16_t data type to enable
 268  *  symbol size > 8. The calling code must take care of decoding of the
 269  *  syndrome result and the received parity before calling this code.
 270  */
 271 int decode_rs8(struct rs_control *rs, uint8_t *data, uint16_t *par, int len,
 272                uint16_t *s, int no_eras, int *eras_pos, uint16_t invmsk,
 273                uint16_t *corr)
 274 {
 275 #include "decode_rs.c"
 276 }
 277 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(decode_rs8);
 278 #endif
 279
 280 #ifdef CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON_ENC16
 281 /**
 282  *  encode_rs16 - Calculate the parity for data values (16bit data width)
 283  *  @rs:        the rs control structure
 284  *  @data:      data field of a given type
 285  *  @len:       data length
 286  *  @par:       parity data, must be initialized by caller (usually all 0)
 287  *  @invmsk:    invert data mask (will be xored on data, not on parity!)
 288  *
 289  *  Each field in the data array contains up to symbol size bits of valid data.
 290  */
 291 int encode_rs16(struct rs_control *rs, uint16_t *data, int len, uint16_t *par,
 292         uint16_t invmsk)
 293 {
 294 #include "encode_rs.c"
 295 }
 296 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(encode_rs16);
 297 #endif
 298
 299 #ifdef CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON_DEC16
 300 /**
 301  *  decode_rs16 - Decode codeword (16bit data width)
 302  *  @rs:        the rs control structure
 303  *  @data:      data field of a given type
 304  *  @par:       received parity data field
 305  *  @len:       data length
 306  *  @s:         syndrome data field (if NULL, syndrome is calculated)
 307  *  @no_eras:   number of erasures
 308  *  @eras_pos:  position of erasures, can be NULL
 309  *  @invmsk:    invert data mask (will be xored on data, not on parity!)
 310  *  @corr:      buffer to store correction bitmask on eras_pos
 311  *
 312  *  Each field in the data array contains up to symbol size bits of valid data.
 313  */
 314 int decode_rs16(struct rs_control *rs, uint16_t *data, uint16_t *par, int len,
 315                 uint16_t *s, int no_eras, int *eras_pos, uint16_t invmsk,
 316                 uint16_t *corr)
 317 {
 318 #include "decode_rs.c"
 319 }
 320 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(decode_rs16);
 321 #endif
 322
 323 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(init_rs);
 324 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(free_rs);
 325
 326 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 327 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Reed Solomon encoder/decoder");
 328 MODULE_AUTHOR("Phil Karn, Thomas Gleixner");
 329