4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds
8 * demand-loading started 01.12.91 - seems it is high on the list of
9 * things wanted, and it should be easy to implement. - Linus
13 * Ok, demand-loading was easy, shared pages a little bit tricker. Shared
14 * pages started 02.12.91, seems to work. - Linus.
16 * Tested sharing by executing about 30 /bin/sh: under the old kernel it
17 * would have taken more than the 6M I have free, but it worked well as
20 * Also corrected some "invalidate()"s - I wasn't doing enough of them.
24 * Real VM (paging to/from disk) started 18.12.91. Much more work and
25 * thought has to go into this. Oh, well..
26 * 19.12.91 - works, somewhat. Sometimes I get faults, don't know why.
27 * Found it. Everything seems to work now.
28 * 20.12.91 - Ok, making the swap-device changeable like the root.
32 * 05.04.94 - Multi-page memory management added for v1.1.
33 * Idea by Alex Bligh (alex@cconcepts.co.uk)
35 * 16.07.99 - Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG
36 * (Gerhard.Wichert@pdb.siemens.de)
38 * Aug/Sep 2004 Changed to four level page tables (Andi Kleen)
41 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
43 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
44 #include <linux/mman.h>
45 #include <linux/swap.h>
46 #include <linux/highmem.h>
47 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
48 #include <linux/rmap.h>
49 #include <linux/module.h>
50 #include <linux/init.h>
52 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
53 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
55 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
56 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
58 #include <linux/swapops.h>
59 #include <linux/elf.h>
61 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
62 /* use the per-pgdat data instead for discontigmem - mbligh */
63 unsigned long max_mapnr
;
66 EXPORT_SYMBOL(max_mapnr
);
67 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mem_map
);
70 unsigned long num_physpages
;
72 * A number of key systems in x86 including ioremap() rely on the assumption
73 * that high_memory defines the upper bound on direct map memory, then end
74 * of ZONE_NORMAL. Under CONFIG_DISCONTIG this means that max_low_pfn and
75 * highstart_pfn must be the same; there must be no gap between ZONE_NORMAL
79 unsigned long vmalloc_earlyreserve
;
81 EXPORT_SYMBOL(num_physpages
);
82 EXPORT_SYMBOL(high_memory
);
83 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmalloc_earlyreserve
);
86 * If a p?d_bad entry is found while walking page tables, report
87 * the error, before resetting entry to p?d_none. Usually (but
88 * very seldom) called out from the p?d_none_or_clear_bad macros.
91 void pgd_clear_bad(pgd_t
*pgd
)
97 void pud_clear_bad(pud_t
*pud
)
103 void pmd_clear_bad(pmd_t
*pmd
)
110 * Note: this doesn't free the actual pages themselves. That
111 * has been handled earlier when unmapping all the memory regions.
113 static void free_pte_range(struct mmu_gather
*tlb
, pmd_t
*pmd
)
115 struct page
*page
= pmd_page(*pmd
);
117 pte_free_tlb(tlb
, page
);
118 dec_page_state(nr_page_table_pages
);
122 static inline void free_pmd_range(struct mmu_gather
*tlb
, pud_t
*pud
,
123 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
124 unsigned long floor
, unsigned long ceiling
)
131 pmd
= pmd_offset(pud
, addr
);
133 next
= pmd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
134 if (pmd_none_or_clear_bad(pmd
))
136 free_pte_range(tlb
, pmd
);
137 } while (pmd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
147 if (end
- 1 > ceiling
- 1)
150 pmd
= pmd_offset(pud
, start
);
152 pmd_free_tlb(tlb
, pmd
);
155 static inline void free_pud_range(struct mmu_gather
*tlb
, pgd_t
*pgd
,
156 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
157 unsigned long floor
, unsigned long ceiling
)
164 pud
= pud_offset(pgd
, addr
);
166 next
= pud_addr_end(addr
, end
);
167 if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud
))
169 free_pmd_range(tlb
, pud
, addr
, next
, floor
, ceiling
);
170 } while (pud
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
176 ceiling
&= PGDIR_MASK
;
180 if (end
- 1 > ceiling
- 1)
183 pud
= pud_offset(pgd
, start
);
185 pud_free_tlb(tlb
, pud
);
189 * This function frees user-level page tables of a process.
191 * Must be called with pagetable lock held.
193 void free_pgd_range(struct mmu_gather
**tlb
,
194 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
195 unsigned long floor
, unsigned long ceiling
)
202 * The next few lines have given us lots of grief...
204 * Why are we testing PMD* at this top level? Because often
205 * there will be no work to do at all, and we'd prefer not to
206 * go all the way down to the bottom just to discover that.
208 * Why all these "- 1"s? Because 0 represents both the bottom
209 * of the address space and the top of it (using -1 for the
210 * top wouldn't help much: the masks would do the wrong thing).
211 * The rule is that addr 0 and floor 0 refer to the bottom of
212 * the address space, but end 0 and ceiling 0 refer to the top
213 * Comparisons need to use "end - 1" and "ceiling - 1" (though
214 * that end 0 case should be mythical).
216 * Wherever addr is brought up or ceiling brought down, we must
217 * be careful to reject "the opposite 0" before it confuses the
218 * subsequent tests. But what about where end is brought down
219 * by PMD_SIZE below? no, end can't go down to 0 there.
221 * Whereas we round start (addr) and ceiling down, by different
222 * masks at different levels, in order to test whether a table
223 * now has no other vmas using it, so can be freed, we don't
224 * bother to round floor or end up - the tests don't need that.
238 if (end
- 1 > ceiling
- 1)
244 pgd
= pgd_offset((*tlb
)->mm
, addr
);
246 next
= pgd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
247 if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(pgd
))
249 free_pud_range(*tlb
, pgd
, addr
, next
, floor
, ceiling
);
250 } while (pgd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
253 flush_tlb_pgtables((*tlb
)->mm
, start
, end
);
256 void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather
**tlb
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
257 unsigned long floor
, unsigned long ceiling
)
260 struct vm_area_struct
*next
= vma
->vm_next
;
261 unsigned long addr
= vma
->vm_start
;
263 if (is_hugepage_only_range(vma
->vm_mm
, addr
, HPAGE_SIZE
)) {
264 hugetlb_free_pgd_range(tlb
, addr
, vma
->vm_end
,
265 floor
, next
? next
->vm_start
: ceiling
);
268 * Optimization: gather nearby vmas into one call down
270 while (next
&& next
->vm_start
<= vma
->vm_end
+ PMD_SIZE
271 && !is_hugepage_only_range(vma
->vm_mm
, next
->vm_start
,
276 free_pgd_range(tlb
, addr
, vma
->vm_end
,
277 floor
, next
? next
->vm_start
: ceiling
);
283 pte_t fastcall
*pte_alloc_map(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
284 unsigned long address
)
286 if (!pmd_present(*pmd
)) {
289 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
290 new = pte_alloc_one(mm
, address
);
291 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
295 * Because we dropped the lock, we should re-check the
296 * entry, as somebody else could have populated it..
298 if (pmd_present(*pmd
)) {
303 inc_page_state(nr_page_table_pages
);
304 pmd_populate(mm
, pmd
, new);
307 return pte_offset_map(pmd
, address
);
310 pte_t fastcall
* pte_alloc_kernel(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pmd_t
*pmd
, unsigned long address
)
312 if (!pmd_present(*pmd
)) {
315 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
316 new = pte_alloc_one_kernel(mm
, address
);
317 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
322 * Because we dropped the lock, we should re-check the
323 * entry, as somebody else could have populated it..
325 if (pmd_present(*pmd
)) {
326 pte_free_kernel(new);
329 pmd_populate_kernel(mm
, pmd
, new);
332 return pte_offset_kernel(pmd
, address
);
336 * copy one vm_area from one task to the other. Assumes the page tables
337 * already present in the new task to be cleared in the whole range
338 * covered by this vma.
340 * dst->page_table_lock is held on entry and exit,
341 * but may be dropped within p[mg]d_alloc() and pte_alloc_map().
345 copy_one_pte(struct mm_struct
*dst_mm
, struct mm_struct
*src_mm
,
346 pte_t
*dst_pte
, pte_t
*src_pte
, unsigned long vm_flags
,
349 pte_t pte
= *src_pte
;
353 /* pte contains position in swap or file, so copy. */
354 if (unlikely(!pte_present(pte
))) {
355 if (!pte_file(pte
)) {
356 swap_duplicate(pte_to_swp_entry(pte
));
357 /* make sure dst_mm is on swapoff's mmlist. */
358 if (unlikely(list_empty(&dst_mm
->mmlist
))) {
359 spin_lock(&mmlist_lock
);
360 list_add(&dst_mm
->mmlist
, &src_mm
->mmlist
);
361 spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock
);
364 set_pte_at(dst_mm
, addr
, dst_pte
, pte
);
369 /* the pte points outside of valid memory, the
370 * mapping is assumed to be good, meaningful
371 * and not mapped via rmap - duplicate the
376 page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
378 if (!page
|| PageReserved(page
)) {
379 set_pte_at(dst_mm
, addr
, dst_pte
, pte
);
384 * If it's a COW mapping, write protect it both
385 * in the parent and the child
387 if ((vm_flags
& (VM_SHARED
| VM_MAYWRITE
)) == VM_MAYWRITE
) {
388 ptep_set_wrprotect(src_mm
, addr
, src_pte
);
393 * If it's a shared mapping, mark it clean in
396 if (vm_flags
& VM_SHARED
)
397 pte
= pte_mkclean(pte
);
398 pte
= pte_mkold(pte
);
400 inc_mm_counter(dst_mm
, rss
);
402 inc_mm_counter(dst_mm
, anon_rss
);
403 set_pte_at(dst_mm
, addr
, dst_pte
, pte
);
407 static int copy_pte_range(struct mm_struct
*dst_mm
, struct mm_struct
*src_mm
,
408 pmd_t
*dst_pmd
, pmd_t
*src_pmd
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
409 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
)
411 pte_t
*src_pte
, *dst_pte
;
412 unsigned long vm_flags
= vma
->vm_flags
;
416 dst_pte
= pte_alloc_map(dst_mm
, dst_pmd
, addr
);
419 src_pte
= pte_offset_map_nested(src_pmd
, addr
);
421 spin_lock(&src_mm
->page_table_lock
);
424 * We are holding two locks at this point - either of them
425 * could generate latencies in another task on another CPU.
427 if (progress
>= 32) {
429 if (need_resched() ||
430 need_lockbreak(&src_mm
->page_table_lock
) ||
431 need_lockbreak(&dst_mm
->page_table_lock
))
434 if (pte_none(*src_pte
)) {
438 copy_one_pte(dst_mm
, src_mm
, dst_pte
, src_pte
, vm_flags
, addr
);
440 } while (dst_pte
++, src_pte
++, addr
+= PAGE_SIZE
, addr
!= end
);
441 spin_unlock(&src_mm
->page_table_lock
);
443 pte_unmap_nested(src_pte
- 1);
444 pte_unmap(dst_pte
- 1);
445 cond_resched_lock(&dst_mm
->page_table_lock
);
451 static inline int copy_pmd_range(struct mm_struct
*dst_mm
, struct mm_struct
*src_mm
,
452 pud_t
*dst_pud
, pud_t
*src_pud
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
453 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
)
455 pmd_t
*src_pmd
, *dst_pmd
;
458 dst_pmd
= pmd_alloc(dst_mm
, dst_pud
, addr
);
461 src_pmd
= pmd_offset(src_pud
, addr
);
463 next
= pmd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
464 if (pmd_none_or_clear_bad(src_pmd
))
466 if (copy_pte_range(dst_mm
, src_mm
, dst_pmd
, src_pmd
,
469 } while (dst_pmd
++, src_pmd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
473 static inline int copy_pud_range(struct mm_struct
*dst_mm
, struct mm_struct
*src_mm
,
474 pgd_t
*dst_pgd
, pgd_t
*src_pgd
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
475 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
)
477 pud_t
*src_pud
, *dst_pud
;
480 dst_pud
= pud_alloc(dst_mm
, dst_pgd
, addr
);
483 src_pud
= pud_offset(src_pgd
, addr
);
485 next
= pud_addr_end(addr
, end
);
486 if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(src_pud
))
488 if (copy_pmd_range(dst_mm
, src_mm
, dst_pud
, src_pud
,
491 } while (dst_pud
++, src_pud
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
495 int copy_page_range(struct mm_struct
*dst_mm
, struct mm_struct
*src_mm
,
496 struct vm_area_struct
*vma
)
498 pgd_t
*src_pgd
, *dst_pgd
;
500 unsigned long addr
= vma
->vm_start
;
501 unsigned long end
= vma
->vm_end
;
504 * Don't copy ptes where a page fault will fill them correctly.
505 * Fork becomes much lighter when there are big shared or private
506 * readonly mappings. The tradeoff is that copy_page_range is more
507 * efficient than faulting.
509 if (!(vma
->vm_flags
& (VM_HUGETLB
|VM_NONLINEAR
|VM_RESERVED
))) {
514 if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma
))
515 return copy_hugetlb_page_range(dst_mm
, src_mm
, vma
);
517 dst_pgd
= pgd_offset(dst_mm
, addr
);
518 src_pgd
= pgd_offset(src_mm
, addr
);
520 next
= pgd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
521 if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(src_pgd
))
523 if (copy_pud_range(dst_mm
, src_mm
, dst_pgd
, src_pgd
,
526 } while (dst_pgd
++, src_pgd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
530 static void zap_pte_range(struct mmu_gather
*tlb
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
531 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
532 struct zap_details
*details
)
536 pte
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, addr
);
541 if (pte_present(ptent
)) {
542 struct page
*page
= NULL
;
543 unsigned long pfn
= pte_pfn(ptent
);
544 if (pfn_valid(pfn
)) {
545 page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
546 if (PageReserved(page
))
549 if (unlikely(details
) && page
) {
551 * unmap_shared_mapping_pages() wants to
552 * invalidate cache without truncating:
553 * unmap shared but keep private pages.
555 if (details
->check_mapping
&&
556 details
->check_mapping
!= page
->mapping
)
559 * Each page->index must be checked when
560 * invalidating or truncating nonlinear.
562 if (details
->nonlinear_vma
&&
563 (page
->index
< details
->first_index
||
564 page
->index
> details
->last_index
))
567 ptent
= ptep_get_and_clear_full(tlb
->mm
, addr
, pte
,
569 tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb
, pte
, addr
);
572 if (unlikely(details
) && details
->nonlinear_vma
573 && linear_page_index(details
->nonlinear_vma
,
574 addr
) != page
->index
)
575 set_pte_at(tlb
->mm
, addr
, pte
,
576 pgoff_to_pte(page
->index
));
578 dec_mm_counter(tlb
->mm
, anon_rss
);
580 if (pte_dirty(ptent
))
581 set_page_dirty(page
);
582 if (pte_young(ptent
))
583 mark_page_accessed(page
);
586 page_remove_rmap(page
);
587 tlb_remove_page(tlb
, page
);
591 * If details->check_mapping, we leave swap entries;
592 * if details->nonlinear_vma, we leave file entries.
594 if (unlikely(details
))
596 if (!pte_file(ptent
))
597 free_swap_and_cache(pte_to_swp_entry(ptent
));
598 pte_clear_full(tlb
->mm
, addr
, pte
, tlb
->fullmm
);
599 } while (pte
++, addr
+= PAGE_SIZE
, addr
!= end
);
603 static inline void zap_pmd_range(struct mmu_gather
*tlb
, pud_t
*pud
,
604 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
605 struct zap_details
*details
)
610 pmd
= pmd_offset(pud
, addr
);
612 next
= pmd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
613 if (pmd_none_or_clear_bad(pmd
))
615 zap_pte_range(tlb
, pmd
, addr
, next
, details
);
616 } while (pmd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
619 static inline void zap_pud_range(struct mmu_gather
*tlb
, pgd_t
*pgd
,
620 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
621 struct zap_details
*details
)
626 pud
= pud_offset(pgd
, addr
);
628 next
= pud_addr_end(addr
, end
);
629 if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud
))
631 zap_pmd_range(tlb
, pud
, addr
, next
, details
);
632 } while (pud
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
635 static void unmap_page_range(struct mmu_gather
*tlb
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
636 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
637 struct zap_details
*details
)
642 if (details
&& !details
->check_mapping
&& !details
->nonlinear_vma
)
646 tlb_start_vma(tlb
, vma
);
647 pgd
= pgd_offset(vma
->vm_mm
, addr
);
649 next
= pgd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
650 if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(pgd
))
652 zap_pud_range(tlb
, pgd
, addr
, next
, details
);
653 } while (pgd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
654 tlb_end_vma(tlb
, vma
);
657 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
658 # define ZAP_BLOCK_SIZE (8 * PAGE_SIZE)
660 /* No preempt: go for improved straight-line efficiency */
661 # define ZAP_BLOCK_SIZE (1024 * PAGE_SIZE)
665 * unmap_vmas - unmap a range of memory covered by a list of vma's
666 * @tlbp: address of the caller's struct mmu_gather
667 * @mm: the controlling mm_struct
668 * @vma: the starting vma
669 * @start_addr: virtual address at which to start unmapping
670 * @end_addr: virtual address at which to end unmapping
671 * @nr_accounted: Place number of unmapped pages in vm-accountable vma's here
672 * @details: details of nonlinear truncation or shared cache invalidation
674 * Returns the end address of the unmapping (restart addr if interrupted).
676 * Unmap all pages in the vma list. Called under page_table_lock.
678 * We aim to not hold page_table_lock for too long (for scheduling latency
679 * reasons). So zap pages in ZAP_BLOCK_SIZE bytecounts. This means we need to
680 * return the ending mmu_gather to the caller.
682 * Only addresses between `start' and `end' will be unmapped.
684 * The VMA list must be sorted in ascending virtual address order.
686 * unmap_vmas() assumes that the caller will flush the whole unmapped address
687 * range after unmap_vmas() returns. So the only responsibility here is to
688 * ensure that any thus-far unmapped pages are flushed before unmap_vmas()
689 * drops the lock and schedules.
691 unsigned long unmap_vmas(struct mmu_gather
**tlbp
, struct mm_struct
*mm
,
692 struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, unsigned long start_addr
,
693 unsigned long end_addr
, unsigned long *nr_accounted
,
694 struct zap_details
*details
)
696 unsigned long zap_bytes
= ZAP_BLOCK_SIZE
;
697 unsigned long tlb_start
= 0; /* For tlb_finish_mmu */
698 int tlb_start_valid
= 0;
699 unsigned long start
= start_addr
;
700 spinlock_t
*i_mmap_lock
= details
? details
->i_mmap_lock
: NULL
;
701 int fullmm
= (*tlbp
)->fullmm
;
703 for ( ; vma
&& vma
->vm_start
< end_addr
; vma
= vma
->vm_next
) {
706 start
= max(vma
->vm_start
, start_addr
);
707 if (start
>= vma
->vm_end
)
709 end
= min(vma
->vm_end
, end_addr
);
710 if (end
<= vma
->vm_start
)
713 if (vma
->vm_flags
& VM_ACCOUNT
)
714 *nr_accounted
+= (end
- start
) >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
716 while (start
!= end
) {
719 if (!tlb_start_valid
) {
724 if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma
)) {
726 unmap_hugepage_range(vma
, start
, end
);
728 block
= min(zap_bytes
, end
- start
);
729 unmap_page_range(*tlbp
, vma
, start
,
730 start
+ block
, details
);
735 if ((long)zap_bytes
> 0)
738 tlb_finish_mmu(*tlbp
, tlb_start
, start
);
740 if (need_resched() ||
741 need_lockbreak(&mm
->page_table_lock
) ||
742 (i_mmap_lock
&& need_lockbreak(i_mmap_lock
))) {
744 /* must reset count of rss freed */
745 *tlbp
= tlb_gather_mmu(mm
, fullmm
);
748 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
750 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
753 *tlbp
= tlb_gather_mmu(mm
, fullmm
);
755 zap_bytes
= ZAP_BLOCK_SIZE
;
759 return start
; /* which is now the end (or restart) address */
763 * zap_page_range - remove user pages in a given range
764 * @vma: vm_area_struct holding the applicable pages
765 * @address: starting address of pages to zap
766 * @size: number of bytes to zap
767 * @details: details of nonlinear truncation or shared cache invalidation
769 unsigned long zap_page_range(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, unsigned long address
,
770 unsigned long size
, struct zap_details
*details
)
772 struct mm_struct
*mm
= vma
->vm_mm
;
773 struct mmu_gather
*tlb
;
774 unsigned long end
= address
+ size
;
775 unsigned long nr_accounted
= 0;
777 if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma
)) {
778 zap_hugepage_range(vma
, address
, size
);
783 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
784 tlb
= tlb_gather_mmu(mm
, 0);
785 end
= unmap_vmas(&tlb
, mm
, vma
, address
, end
, &nr_accounted
, details
);
786 tlb_finish_mmu(tlb
, address
, end
);
787 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
792 * Do a quick page-table lookup for a single page.
793 * mm->page_table_lock must be held.
795 static struct page
*__follow_page(struct mm_struct
*mm
, unsigned long address
,
796 int read
, int write
, int accessed
)
805 page
= follow_huge_addr(mm
, address
, write
);
809 pgd
= pgd_offset(mm
, address
);
810 if (pgd_none(*pgd
) || unlikely(pgd_bad(*pgd
)))
813 pud
= pud_offset(pgd
, address
);
814 if (pud_none(*pud
) || unlikely(pud_bad(*pud
)))
817 pmd
= pmd_offset(pud
, address
);
818 if (pmd_none(*pmd
) || unlikely(pmd_bad(*pmd
)))
821 return follow_huge_pmd(mm
, address
, pmd
, write
);
823 ptep
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, address
);
829 if (pte_present(pte
)) {
830 if (write
&& !pte_write(pte
))
832 if (read
&& !pte_read(pte
))
835 if (pfn_valid(pfn
)) {
836 page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
838 if (write
&& !pte_dirty(pte
) &&!PageDirty(page
))
839 set_page_dirty(page
);
840 mark_page_accessed(page
);
851 follow_page(struct mm_struct
*mm
, unsigned long address
, int write
)
853 return __follow_page(mm
, address
, 0, write
, 1);
857 * check_user_page_readable() can be called frm niterrupt context by oprofile,
858 * so we need to avoid taking any non-irq-safe locks
860 int check_user_page_readable(struct mm_struct
*mm
, unsigned long address
)
862 return __follow_page(mm
, address
, 1, 0, 0) != NULL
;
864 EXPORT_SYMBOL(check_user_page_readable
);
867 untouched_anonymous_page(struct mm_struct
* mm
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
868 unsigned long address
)
874 /* Check if the vma is for an anonymous mapping. */
875 if (vma
->vm_ops
&& vma
->vm_ops
->nopage
)
878 /* Check if page directory entry exists. */
879 pgd
= pgd_offset(mm
, address
);
880 if (pgd_none(*pgd
) || unlikely(pgd_bad(*pgd
)))
883 pud
= pud_offset(pgd
, address
);
884 if (pud_none(*pud
) || unlikely(pud_bad(*pud
)))
887 /* Check if page middle directory entry exists. */
888 pmd
= pmd_offset(pud
, address
);
889 if (pmd_none(*pmd
) || unlikely(pmd_bad(*pmd
)))
892 /* There is a pte slot for 'address' in 'mm'. */
896 int get_user_pages(struct task_struct
*tsk
, struct mm_struct
*mm
,
897 unsigned long start
, int len
, int write
, int force
,
898 struct page
**pages
, struct vm_area_struct
**vmas
)
904 * Require read or write permissions.
905 * If 'force' is set, we only require the "MAY" flags.
907 flags
= write
? (VM_WRITE
| VM_MAYWRITE
) : (VM_READ
| VM_MAYREAD
);
908 flags
&= force
? (VM_MAYREAD
| VM_MAYWRITE
) : (VM_READ
| VM_WRITE
);
912 struct vm_area_struct
* vma
;
914 vma
= find_extend_vma(mm
, start
);
915 if (!vma
&& in_gate_area(tsk
, start
)) {
916 unsigned long pg
= start
& PAGE_MASK
;
917 struct vm_area_struct
*gate_vma
= get_gate_vma(tsk
);
922 if (write
) /* user gate pages are read-only */
923 return i
? : -EFAULT
;
925 pgd
= pgd_offset_k(pg
);
927 pgd
= pgd_offset_gate(mm
, pg
);
928 BUG_ON(pgd_none(*pgd
));
929 pud
= pud_offset(pgd
, pg
);
930 BUG_ON(pud_none(*pud
));
931 pmd
= pmd_offset(pud
, pg
);
933 return i
? : -EFAULT
;
934 pte
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, pg
);
935 if (pte_none(*pte
)) {
937 return i
? : -EFAULT
;
940 pages
[i
] = pte_page(*pte
);
952 if (!vma
|| (vma
->vm_flags
& VM_IO
)
953 || !(flags
& vma
->vm_flags
))
954 return i
? : -EFAULT
;
956 if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma
)) {
957 i
= follow_hugetlb_page(mm
, vma
, pages
, vmas
,
961 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
963 int write_access
= write
;
966 cond_resched_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
967 while (!(page
= follow_page(mm
, start
, write_access
))) {
971 * Shortcut for anonymous pages. We don't want
972 * to force the creation of pages tables for
973 * insanely big anonymously mapped areas that
974 * nobody touched so far. This is important
975 * for doing a core dump for these mappings.
977 if (!write
&& untouched_anonymous_page(mm
,vma
,start
)) {
978 page
= ZERO_PAGE(start
);
981 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
982 ret
= __handle_mm_fault(mm
, vma
, start
, write_access
);
985 * The VM_FAULT_WRITE bit tells us that do_wp_page has
986 * broken COW when necessary, even if maybe_mkwrite
987 * decided not to set pte_write. We can thus safely do
988 * subsequent page lookups as if they were reads.
990 if (ret
& VM_FAULT_WRITE
)
993 switch (ret
& ~VM_FAULT_WRITE
) {
1000 case VM_FAULT_SIGBUS
:
1001 return i
? i
: -EFAULT
;
1003 return i
? i
: -ENOMEM
;
1007 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1011 flush_dcache_page(page
);
1012 if (!PageReserved(page
))
1013 page_cache_get(page
);
1020 } while (len
&& start
< vma
->vm_end
);
1021 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1025 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_user_pages
);
1027 static int zeromap_pte_range(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
1028 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
, pgprot_t prot
)
1032 pte
= pte_alloc_map(mm
, pmd
, addr
);
1036 pte_t zero_pte
= pte_wrprotect(mk_pte(ZERO_PAGE(addr
), prot
));
1037 BUG_ON(!pte_none(*pte
));
1038 set_pte_at(mm
, addr
, pte
, zero_pte
);
1039 } while (pte
++, addr
+= PAGE_SIZE
, addr
!= end
);
1044 static inline int zeromap_pmd_range(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pud_t
*pud
,
1045 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
, pgprot_t prot
)
1050 pmd
= pmd_alloc(mm
, pud
, addr
);
1054 next
= pmd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
1055 if (zeromap_pte_range(mm
, pmd
, addr
, next
, prot
))
1057 } while (pmd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
1061 static inline int zeromap_pud_range(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pgd_t
*pgd
,
1062 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
, pgprot_t prot
)
1067 pud
= pud_alloc(mm
, pgd
, addr
);
1071 next
= pud_addr_end(addr
, end
);
1072 if (zeromap_pmd_range(mm
, pud
, addr
, next
, prot
))
1074 } while (pud
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
1078 int zeromap_page_range(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
1079 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long size
, pgprot_t prot
)
1083 unsigned long end
= addr
+ size
;
1084 struct mm_struct
*mm
= vma
->vm_mm
;
1087 BUG_ON(addr
>= end
);
1088 pgd
= pgd_offset(mm
, addr
);
1089 flush_cache_range(vma
, addr
, end
);
1090 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1092 next
= pgd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
1093 err
= zeromap_pud_range(mm
, pgd
, addr
, next
, prot
);
1096 } while (pgd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
1097 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1102 * maps a range of physical memory into the requested pages. the old
1103 * mappings are removed. any references to nonexistent pages results
1104 * in null mappings (currently treated as "copy-on-access")
1106 static int remap_pte_range(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
1107 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
1108 unsigned long pfn
, pgprot_t prot
)
1112 pte
= pte_alloc_map(mm
, pmd
, addr
);
1116 BUG_ON(!pte_none(*pte
));
1117 if (!pfn_valid(pfn
) || PageReserved(pfn_to_page(pfn
)))
1118 set_pte_at(mm
, addr
, pte
, pfn_pte(pfn
, prot
));
1120 } while (pte
++, addr
+= PAGE_SIZE
, addr
!= end
);
1125 static inline int remap_pmd_range(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pud_t
*pud
,
1126 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
1127 unsigned long pfn
, pgprot_t prot
)
1132 pfn
-= addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
1133 pmd
= pmd_alloc(mm
, pud
, addr
);
1137 next
= pmd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
1138 if (remap_pte_range(mm
, pmd
, addr
, next
,
1139 pfn
+ (addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
), prot
))
1141 } while (pmd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
1145 static inline int remap_pud_range(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pgd_t
*pgd
,
1146 unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
,
1147 unsigned long pfn
, pgprot_t prot
)
1152 pfn
-= addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
1153 pud
= pud_alloc(mm
, pgd
, addr
);
1157 next
= pud_addr_end(addr
, end
);
1158 if (remap_pmd_range(mm
, pud
, addr
, next
,
1159 pfn
+ (addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
), prot
))
1161 } while (pud
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
1165 /* Note: this is only safe if the mm semaphore is held when called. */
1166 int remap_pfn_range(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, unsigned long addr
,
1167 unsigned long pfn
, unsigned long size
, pgprot_t prot
)
1171 unsigned long end
= addr
+ PAGE_ALIGN(size
);
1172 struct mm_struct
*mm
= vma
->vm_mm
;
1176 * Physically remapped pages are special. Tell the
1177 * rest of the world about it:
1178 * VM_IO tells people not to look at these pages
1179 * (accesses can have side effects).
1180 * VM_RESERVED tells swapout not to try to touch
1183 vma
->vm_flags
|= VM_IO
| VM_RESERVED
;
1185 BUG_ON(addr
>= end
);
1186 pfn
-= addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
1187 pgd
= pgd_offset(mm
, addr
);
1188 flush_cache_range(vma
, addr
, end
);
1189 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1191 next
= pgd_addr_end(addr
, end
);
1192 err
= remap_pud_range(mm
, pgd
, addr
, next
,
1193 pfn
+ (addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
), prot
);
1196 } while (pgd
++, addr
= next
, addr
!= end
);
1197 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1200 EXPORT_SYMBOL(remap_pfn_range
);
1203 * Do pte_mkwrite, but only if the vma says VM_WRITE. We do this when
1204 * servicing faults for write access. In the normal case, do always want
1205 * pte_mkwrite. But get_user_pages can cause write faults for mappings
1206 * that do not have writing enabled, when used by access_process_vm.
1208 static inline pte_t
maybe_mkwrite(pte_t pte
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
)
1210 if (likely(vma
->vm_flags
& VM_WRITE
))
1211 pte
= pte_mkwrite(pte
);
1216 * This routine handles present pages, when users try to write
1217 * to a shared page. It is done by copying the page to a new address
1218 * and decrementing the shared-page counter for the old page.
1220 * Note that this routine assumes that the protection checks have been
1221 * done by the caller (the low-level page fault routine in most cases).
1222 * Thus we can safely just mark it writable once we've done any necessary
1225 * We also mark the page dirty at this point even though the page will
1226 * change only once the write actually happens. This avoids a few races,
1227 * and potentially makes it more efficient.
1229 * We hold the mm semaphore and the page_table_lock on entry and exit
1230 * with the page_table_lock released.
1232 static int do_wp_page(struct mm_struct
*mm
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
1233 unsigned long address
, pte_t
*page_table
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
1236 struct page
*old_page
, *new_page
;
1237 unsigned long pfn
= pte_pfn(orig_pte
);
1239 int ret
= VM_FAULT_MINOR
;
1241 if (unlikely(!pfn_valid(pfn
))) {
1243 * Page table corrupted: show pte and kill process.
1245 pte_ERROR(orig_pte
);
1249 old_page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
1251 if (PageAnon(old_page
) && !TestSetPageLocked(old_page
)) {
1252 int reuse
= can_share_swap_page(old_page
);
1253 unlock_page(old_page
);
1255 flush_cache_page(vma
, address
, pfn
);
1256 entry
= pte_mkyoung(orig_pte
);
1257 entry
= maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry
), vma
);
1258 ptep_set_access_flags(vma
, address
, page_table
, entry
, 1);
1259 update_mmu_cache(vma
, address
, entry
);
1260 lazy_mmu_prot_update(entry
);
1261 ret
|= VM_FAULT_WRITE
;
1267 * Ok, we need to copy. Oh, well..
1269 if (!PageReserved(old_page
))
1270 page_cache_get(old_page
);
1271 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1272 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1274 if (unlikely(anon_vma_prepare(vma
)))
1276 if (old_page
== ZERO_PAGE(address
)) {
1277 new_page
= alloc_zeroed_user_highpage(vma
, address
);
1281 new_page
= alloc_page_vma(GFP_HIGHUSER
, vma
, address
);
1284 copy_user_highpage(new_page
, old_page
, address
);
1288 * Re-check the pte - we dropped the lock
1290 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1291 page_table
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, address
);
1292 if (likely(pte_same(*page_table
, orig_pte
))) {
1293 if (PageAnon(old_page
))
1294 dec_mm_counter(mm
, anon_rss
);
1295 if (PageReserved(old_page
))
1296 inc_mm_counter(mm
, rss
);
1298 page_remove_rmap(old_page
);
1300 flush_cache_page(vma
, address
, pfn
);
1301 entry
= mk_pte(new_page
, vma
->vm_page_prot
);
1302 entry
= maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry
), vma
);
1303 ptep_establish(vma
, address
, page_table
, entry
);
1304 update_mmu_cache(vma
, address
, entry
);
1305 lazy_mmu_prot_update(entry
);
1307 lru_cache_add_active(new_page
);
1308 page_add_anon_rmap(new_page
, vma
, address
);
1310 /* Free the old page.. */
1311 new_page
= old_page
;
1312 ret
|= VM_FAULT_WRITE
;
1314 page_cache_release(new_page
);
1315 page_cache_release(old_page
);
1317 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1318 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1321 page_cache_release(old_page
);
1322 return VM_FAULT_OOM
;
1326 * Helper functions for unmap_mapping_range().
1328 * __ Notes on dropping i_mmap_lock to reduce latency while unmapping __
1330 * We have to restart searching the prio_tree whenever we drop the lock,
1331 * since the iterator is only valid while the lock is held, and anyway
1332 * a later vma might be split and reinserted earlier while lock dropped.
1334 * The list of nonlinear vmas could be handled more efficiently, using
1335 * a placeholder, but handle it in the same way until a need is shown.
1336 * It is important to search the prio_tree before nonlinear list: a vma
1337 * may become nonlinear and be shifted from prio_tree to nonlinear list
1338 * while the lock is dropped; but never shifted from list to prio_tree.
1340 * In order to make forward progress despite restarting the search,
1341 * vm_truncate_count is used to mark a vma as now dealt with, so we can
1342 * quickly skip it next time around. Since the prio_tree search only
1343 * shows us those vmas affected by unmapping the range in question, we
1344 * can't efficiently keep all vmas in step with mapping->truncate_count:
1345 * so instead reset them all whenever it wraps back to 0 (then go to 1).
1346 * mapping->truncate_count and vma->vm_truncate_count are protected by
1349 * In order to make forward progress despite repeatedly restarting some
1350 * large vma, note the restart_addr from unmap_vmas when it breaks out:
1351 * and restart from that address when we reach that vma again. It might
1352 * have been split or merged, shrunk or extended, but never shifted: so
1353 * restart_addr remains valid so long as it remains in the vma's range.
1354 * unmap_mapping_range forces truncate_count to leap over page-aligned
1355 * values so we can save vma's restart_addr in its truncate_count field.
1357 #define is_restart_addr(truncate_count) (!((truncate_count) & ~PAGE_MASK))
1359 static void reset_vma_truncate_counts(struct address_space
*mapping
)
1361 struct vm_area_struct
*vma
;
1362 struct prio_tree_iter iter
;
1364 vma_prio_tree_foreach(vma
, &iter
, &mapping
->i_mmap
, 0, ULONG_MAX
)
1365 vma
->vm_truncate_count
= 0;
1366 list_for_each_entry(vma
, &mapping
->i_mmap_nonlinear
, shared
.vm_set
.list
)
1367 vma
->vm_truncate_count
= 0;
1370 static int unmap_mapping_range_vma(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
1371 unsigned long start_addr
, unsigned long end_addr
,
1372 struct zap_details
*details
)
1374 unsigned long restart_addr
;
1378 restart_addr
= vma
->vm_truncate_count
;
1379 if (is_restart_addr(restart_addr
) && start_addr
< restart_addr
) {
1380 start_addr
= restart_addr
;
1381 if (start_addr
>= end_addr
) {
1382 /* Top of vma has been split off since last time */
1383 vma
->vm_truncate_count
= details
->truncate_count
;
1388 restart_addr
= zap_page_range(vma
, start_addr
,
1389 end_addr
- start_addr
, details
);
1392 * We cannot rely on the break test in unmap_vmas:
1393 * on the one hand, we don't want to restart our loop
1394 * just because that broke out for the page_table_lock;
1395 * on the other hand, it does no test when vma is small.
1397 need_break
= need_resched() ||
1398 need_lockbreak(details
->i_mmap_lock
);
1400 if (restart_addr
>= end_addr
) {
1401 /* We have now completed this vma: mark it so */
1402 vma
->vm_truncate_count
= details
->truncate_count
;
1406 /* Note restart_addr in vma's truncate_count field */
1407 vma
->vm_truncate_count
= restart_addr
;
1412 spin_unlock(details
->i_mmap_lock
);
1414 spin_lock(details
->i_mmap_lock
);
1418 static inline void unmap_mapping_range_tree(struct prio_tree_root
*root
,
1419 struct zap_details
*details
)
1421 struct vm_area_struct
*vma
;
1422 struct prio_tree_iter iter
;
1423 pgoff_t vba
, vea
, zba
, zea
;
1426 vma_prio_tree_foreach(vma
, &iter
, root
,
1427 details
->first_index
, details
->last_index
) {
1428 /* Skip quickly over those we have already dealt with */
1429 if (vma
->vm_truncate_count
== details
->truncate_count
)
1432 vba
= vma
->vm_pgoff
;
1433 vea
= vba
+ ((vma
->vm_end
- vma
->vm_start
) >> PAGE_SHIFT
) - 1;
1434 /* Assume for now that PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT == PAGE_SHIFT */
1435 zba
= details
->first_index
;
1438 zea
= details
->last_index
;
1442 if (unmap_mapping_range_vma(vma
,
1443 ((zba
- vba
) << PAGE_SHIFT
) + vma
->vm_start
,
1444 ((zea
- vba
+ 1) << PAGE_SHIFT
) + vma
->vm_start
,
1450 static inline void unmap_mapping_range_list(struct list_head
*head
,
1451 struct zap_details
*details
)
1453 struct vm_area_struct
*vma
;
1456 * In nonlinear VMAs there is no correspondence between virtual address
1457 * offset and file offset. So we must perform an exhaustive search
1458 * across *all* the pages in each nonlinear VMA, not just the pages
1459 * whose virtual address lies outside the file truncation point.
1462 list_for_each_entry(vma
, head
, shared
.vm_set
.list
) {
1463 /* Skip quickly over those we have already dealt with */
1464 if (vma
->vm_truncate_count
== details
->truncate_count
)
1466 details
->nonlinear_vma
= vma
;
1467 if (unmap_mapping_range_vma(vma
, vma
->vm_start
,
1468 vma
->vm_end
, details
) < 0)
1474 * unmap_mapping_range - unmap the portion of all mmaps
1475 * in the specified address_space corresponding to the specified
1476 * page range in the underlying file.
1477 * @mapping: the address space containing mmaps to be unmapped.
1478 * @holebegin: byte in first page to unmap, relative to the start of
1479 * the underlying file. This will be rounded down to a PAGE_SIZE
1480 * boundary. Note that this is different from vmtruncate(), which
1481 * must keep the partial page. In contrast, we must get rid of
1483 * @holelen: size of prospective hole in bytes. This will be rounded
1484 * up to a PAGE_SIZE boundary. A holelen of zero truncates to the
1486 * @even_cows: 1 when truncating a file, unmap even private COWed pages;
1487 * but 0 when invalidating pagecache, don't throw away private data.
1489 void unmap_mapping_range(struct address_space
*mapping
,
1490 loff_t
const holebegin
, loff_t
const holelen
, int even_cows
)
1492 struct zap_details details
;
1493 pgoff_t hba
= holebegin
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
1494 pgoff_t hlen
= (holelen
+ PAGE_SIZE
- 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
1496 /* Check for overflow. */
1497 if (sizeof(holelen
) > sizeof(hlen
)) {
1499 (holebegin
+ holelen
+ PAGE_SIZE
- 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
1500 if (holeend
& ~(long long)ULONG_MAX
)
1501 hlen
= ULONG_MAX
- hba
+ 1;
1504 details
.check_mapping
= even_cows
? NULL
: mapping
;
1505 details
.nonlinear_vma
= NULL
;
1506 details
.first_index
= hba
;
1507 details
.last_index
= hba
+ hlen
- 1;
1508 if (details
.last_index
< details
.first_index
)
1509 details
.last_index
= ULONG_MAX
;
1510 details
.i_mmap_lock
= &mapping
->i_mmap_lock
;
1512 spin_lock(&mapping
->i_mmap_lock
);
1514 /* serialize i_size write against truncate_count write */
1516 /* Protect against page faults, and endless unmapping loops */
1517 mapping
->truncate_count
++;
1519 * For archs where spin_lock has inclusive semantics like ia64
1520 * this smp_mb() will prevent to read pagetable contents
1521 * before the truncate_count increment is visible to
1525 if (unlikely(is_restart_addr(mapping
->truncate_count
))) {
1526 if (mapping
->truncate_count
== 0)
1527 reset_vma_truncate_counts(mapping
);
1528 mapping
->truncate_count
++;
1530 details
.truncate_count
= mapping
->truncate_count
;
1532 if (unlikely(!prio_tree_empty(&mapping
->i_mmap
)))
1533 unmap_mapping_range_tree(&mapping
->i_mmap
, &details
);
1534 if (unlikely(!list_empty(&mapping
->i_mmap_nonlinear
)))
1535 unmap_mapping_range_list(&mapping
->i_mmap_nonlinear
, &details
);
1536 spin_unlock(&mapping
->i_mmap_lock
);
1538 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unmap_mapping_range
);
1541 * Handle all mappings that got truncated by a "truncate()"
1544 * NOTE! We have to be ready to update the memory sharing
1545 * between the file and the memory map for a potential last
1546 * incomplete page. Ugly, but necessary.
1548 int vmtruncate(struct inode
* inode
, loff_t offset
)
1550 struct address_space
*mapping
= inode
->i_mapping
;
1551 unsigned long limit
;
1553 if (inode
->i_size
< offset
)
1556 * truncation of in-use swapfiles is disallowed - it would cause
1557 * subsequent swapout to scribble on the now-freed blocks.
1559 if (IS_SWAPFILE(inode
))
1561 i_size_write(inode
, offset
);
1562 unmap_mapping_range(mapping
, offset
+ PAGE_SIZE
- 1, 0, 1);
1563 truncate_inode_pages(mapping
, offset
);
1567 limit
= current
->signal
->rlim
[RLIMIT_FSIZE
].rlim_cur
;
1568 if (limit
!= RLIM_INFINITY
&& offset
> limit
)
1570 if (offset
> inode
->i_sb
->s_maxbytes
)
1572 i_size_write(inode
, offset
);
1575 if (inode
->i_op
&& inode
->i_op
->truncate
)
1576 inode
->i_op
->truncate(inode
);
1579 send_sig(SIGXFSZ
, current
, 0);
1586 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmtruncate
);
1589 * Primitive swap readahead code. We simply read an aligned block of
1590 * (1 << page_cluster) entries in the swap area. This method is chosen
1591 * because it doesn't cost us any seek time. We also make sure to queue
1592 * the 'original' request together with the readahead ones...
1594 * This has been extended to use the NUMA policies from the mm triggering
1597 * Caller must hold down_read on the vma->vm_mm if vma is not NULL.
1599 void swapin_readahead(swp_entry_t entry
, unsigned long addr
,struct vm_area_struct
*vma
)
1602 struct vm_area_struct
*next_vma
= vma
? vma
->vm_next
: NULL
;
1605 struct page
*new_page
;
1606 unsigned long offset
;
1609 * Get the number of handles we should do readahead io to.
1611 num
= valid_swaphandles(entry
, &offset
);
1612 for (i
= 0; i
< num
; offset
++, i
++) {
1613 /* Ok, do the async read-ahead now */
1614 new_page
= read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry(swp_type(entry
),
1615 offset
), vma
, addr
);
1618 page_cache_release(new_page
);
1621 * Find the next applicable VMA for the NUMA policy.
1627 if (addr
>= vma
->vm_end
) {
1629 next_vma
= vma
? vma
->vm_next
: NULL
;
1631 if (vma
&& addr
< vma
->vm_start
)
1634 if (next_vma
&& addr
>= next_vma
->vm_start
) {
1636 next_vma
= vma
->vm_next
;
1641 lru_add_drain(); /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
1645 * We hold the mm semaphore and the page_table_lock on entry and
1646 * should release the pagetable lock on exit..
1648 static int do_swap_page(struct mm_struct
*mm
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
1649 unsigned long address
, pte_t
*page_table
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
1650 int write_access
, pte_t orig_pte
)
1655 int ret
= VM_FAULT_MINOR
;
1657 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1658 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1660 entry
= pte_to_swp_entry(orig_pte
);
1661 page
= lookup_swap_cache(entry
);
1663 swapin_readahead(entry
, address
, vma
);
1664 page
= read_swap_cache_async(entry
, vma
, address
);
1667 * Back out if somebody else faulted in this pte while
1668 * we released the page table lock.
1670 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1671 page_table
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, address
);
1672 if (likely(pte_same(*page_table
, orig_pte
)))
1677 /* Had to read the page from swap area: Major fault */
1678 ret
= VM_FAULT_MAJOR
;
1679 inc_page_state(pgmajfault
);
1683 mark_page_accessed(page
);
1687 * Back out if somebody else faulted in this pte while we
1688 * released the page table lock.
1690 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1691 page_table
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, address
);
1692 if (unlikely(!pte_same(*page_table
, orig_pte
))) {
1693 ret
= VM_FAULT_MINOR
;
1697 if (unlikely(!PageUptodate(page
))) {
1698 ret
= VM_FAULT_SIGBUS
;
1702 /* The page isn't present yet, go ahead with the fault. */
1704 inc_mm_counter(mm
, rss
);
1705 pte
= mk_pte(page
, vma
->vm_page_prot
);
1706 if (write_access
&& can_share_swap_page(page
)) {
1707 pte
= maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(pte
), vma
);
1711 flush_icache_page(vma
, page
);
1712 set_pte_at(mm
, address
, page_table
, pte
);
1713 page_add_anon_rmap(page
, vma
, address
);
1717 remove_exclusive_swap_page(page
);
1721 if (do_wp_page(mm
, vma
, address
,
1722 page_table
, pmd
, pte
) == VM_FAULT_OOM
)
1727 /* No need to invalidate - it was non-present before */
1728 update_mmu_cache(vma
, address
, pte
);
1729 lazy_mmu_prot_update(pte
);
1731 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1732 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1736 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1737 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1739 page_cache_release(page
);
1744 * We are called with the MM semaphore and page_table_lock
1745 * spinlock held to protect against concurrent faults in
1746 * multithreaded programs.
1748 static int do_anonymous_page(struct mm_struct
*mm
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
1749 unsigned long address
, pte_t
*page_table
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
1754 /* Mapping of ZERO_PAGE - vm_page_prot is readonly */
1755 entry
= mk_pte(ZERO_PAGE(addr
), vma
->vm_page_prot
);
1760 /* Allocate our own private page. */
1761 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1762 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1764 if (unlikely(anon_vma_prepare(vma
)))
1766 page
= alloc_zeroed_user_highpage(vma
, address
);
1770 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1771 page_table
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, address
);
1773 if (!pte_none(*page_table
)) {
1774 page_cache_release(page
);
1777 inc_mm_counter(mm
, rss
);
1778 entry
= mk_pte(page
, vma
->vm_page_prot
);
1779 entry
= maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry
), vma
);
1780 lru_cache_add_active(page
);
1781 SetPageReferenced(page
);
1782 page_add_anon_rmap(page
, vma
, address
);
1785 set_pte_at(mm
, address
, page_table
, entry
);
1787 /* No need to invalidate - it was non-present before */
1788 update_mmu_cache(vma
, address
, entry
);
1789 lazy_mmu_prot_update(entry
);
1791 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1792 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1793 return VM_FAULT_MINOR
;
1795 return VM_FAULT_OOM
;
1799 * do_no_page() tries to create a new page mapping. It aggressively
1800 * tries to share with existing pages, but makes a separate copy if
1801 * the "write_access" parameter is true in order to avoid the next
1804 * As this is called only for pages that do not currently exist, we
1805 * do not need to flush old virtual caches or the TLB.
1807 * This is called with the MM semaphore held and the page table
1808 * spinlock held. Exit with the spinlock released.
1810 static int do_no_page(struct mm_struct
*mm
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
1811 unsigned long address
, pte_t
*page_table
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
1814 struct page
*new_page
;
1815 struct address_space
*mapping
= NULL
;
1817 unsigned int sequence
= 0;
1818 int ret
= VM_FAULT_MINOR
;
1821 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1822 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1825 mapping
= vma
->vm_file
->f_mapping
;
1826 sequence
= mapping
->truncate_count
;
1827 smp_rmb(); /* serializes i_size against truncate_count */
1830 new_page
= vma
->vm_ops
->nopage(vma
, address
& PAGE_MASK
, &ret
);
1832 * No smp_rmb is needed here as long as there's a full
1833 * spin_lock/unlock sequence inside the ->nopage callback
1834 * (for the pagecache lookup) that acts as an implicit
1835 * smp_mb() and prevents the i_size read to happen
1836 * after the next truncate_count read.
1839 /* no page was available -- either SIGBUS or OOM */
1840 if (new_page
== NOPAGE_SIGBUS
)
1841 return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS
;
1842 if (new_page
== NOPAGE_OOM
)
1843 return VM_FAULT_OOM
;
1846 * Should we do an early C-O-W break?
1848 if (write_access
&& !(vma
->vm_flags
& VM_SHARED
)) {
1851 if (unlikely(anon_vma_prepare(vma
)))
1853 page
= alloc_page_vma(GFP_HIGHUSER
, vma
, address
);
1856 copy_user_highpage(page
, new_page
, address
);
1857 page_cache_release(new_page
);
1862 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1864 * For a file-backed vma, someone could have truncated or otherwise
1865 * invalidated this page. If unmap_mapping_range got called,
1866 * retry getting the page.
1868 if (mapping
&& unlikely(sequence
!= mapping
->truncate_count
)) {
1869 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1870 page_cache_release(new_page
);
1872 sequence
= mapping
->truncate_count
;
1876 page_table
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, address
);
1879 * This silly early PAGE_DIRTY setting removes a race
1880 * due to the bad i386 page protection. But it's valid
1881 * for other architectures too.
1883 * Note that if write_access is true, we either now have
1884 * an exclusive copy of the page, or this is a shared mapping,
1885 * so we can make it writable and dirty to avoid having to
1886 * handle that later.
1888 /* Only go through if we didn't race with anybody else... */
1889 if (pte_none(*page_table
)) {
1890 if (!PageReserved(new_page
))
1891 inc_mm_counter(mm
, rss
);
1893 flush_icache_page(vma
, new_page
);
1894 entry
= mk_pte(new_page
, vma
->vm_page_prot
);
1896 entry
= maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry
), vma
);
1897 set_pte_at(mm
, address
, page_table
, entry
);
1899 lru_cache_add_active(new_page
);
1900 page_add_anon_rmap(new_page
, vma
, address
);
1902 page_add_file_rmap(new_page
);
1904 /* One of our sibling threads was faster, back out. */
1905 page_cache_release(new_page
);
1909 /* no need to invalidate: a not-present page shouldn't be cached */
1910 update_mmu_cache(vma
, address
, entry
);
1911 lazy_mmu_prot_update(entry
);
1913 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1914 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1917 page_cache_release(new_page
);
1918 return VM_FAULT_OOM
;
1922 * Fault of a previously existing named mapping. Repopulate the pte
1923 * from the encoded file_pte if possible. This enables swappable
1926 static int do_file_page(struct mm_struct
*mm
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
1927 unsigned long address
, pte_t
*page_table
, pmd_t
*pmd
,
1928 int write_access
, pte_t orig_pte
)
1933 pte_unmap(page_table
);
1934 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
1936 if (unlikely(!(vma
->vm_flags
& VM_NONLINEAR
))) {
1938 * Page table corrupted: show pte and kill process.
1940 pte_ERROR(orig_pte
);
1941 return VM_FAULT_OOM
;
1943 /* We can then assume vm->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->populate */
1945 pgoff
= pte_to_pgoff(orig_pte
);
1946 err
= vma
->vm_ops
->populate(vma
, address
& PAGE_MASK
, PAGE_SIZE
,
1947 vma
->vm_page_prot
, pgoff
, 0);
1949 return VM_FAULT_OOM
;
1951 return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS
;
1952 return VM_FAULT_MAJOR
;
1956 * These routines also need to handle stuff like marking pages dirty
1957 * and/or accessed for architectures that don't do it in hardware (most
1958 * RISC architectures). The early dirtying is also good on the i386.
1960 * There is also a hook called "update_mmu_cache()" that architectures
1961 * with external mmu caches can use to update those (ie the Sparc or
1962 * PowerPC hashed page tables that act as extended TLBs).
1964 * Note the "page_table_lock". It is to protect against kswapd removing
1965 * pages from under us. Note that kswapd only ever _removes_ pages, never
1966 * adds them. As such, once we have noticed that the page is not present,
1967 * we can drop the lock early.
1969 * The adding of pages is protected by the MM semaphore (which we hold),
1970 * so we don't need to worry about a page being suddenly been added into
1973 * We enter with the pagetable spinlock held, we are supposed to
1974 * release it when done.
1976 static inline int handle_pte_fault(struct mm_struct
*mm
,
1977 struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, unsigned long address
,
1978 pte_t
*pte
, pmd_t
*pmd
, int write_access
)
1983 if (!pte_present(entry
)) {
1984 if (pte_none(entry
)) {
1985 if (!vma
->vm_ops
|| !vma
->vm_ops
->nopage
)
1986 return do_anonymous_page(mm
, vma
, address
,
1987 pte
, pmd
, write_access
);
1988 return do_no_page(mm
, vma
, address
,
1989 pte
, pmd
, write_access
);
1991 if (pte_file(entry
))
1992 return do_file_page(mm
, vma
, address
,
1993 pte
, pmd
, write_access
, entry
);
1994 return do_swap_page(mm
, vma
, address
,
1995 pte
, pmd
, write_access
, entry
);
1999 if (!pte_write(entry
))
2000 return do_wp_page(mm
, vma
, address
, pte
, pmd
, entry
);
2001 entry
= pte_mkdirty(entry
);
2003 entry
= pte_mkyoung(entry
);
2004 ptep_set_access_flags(vma
, address
, pte
, entry
, write_access
);
2005 update_mmu_cache(vma
, address
, entry
);
2006 lazy_mmu_prot_update(entry
);
2008 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
2009 return VM_FAULT_MINOR
;
2013 * By the time we get here, we already hold the mm semaphore
2015 int __handle_mm_fault(struct mm_struct
*mm
, struct vm_area_struct
*vma
,
2016 unsigned long address
, int write_access
)
2023 __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING
);
2025 inc_page_state(pgfault
);
2027 if (unlikely(is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma
)))
2028 return hugetlb_fault(mm
, vma
, address
, write_access
);
2031 * We need the page table lock to synchronize with kswapd
2032 * and the SMP-safe atomic PTE updates.
2034 pgd
= pgd_offset(mm
, address
);
2035 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
2037 pud
= pud_alloc(mm
, pgd
, address
);
2041 pmd
= pmd_alloc(mm
, pud
, address
);
2045 pte
= pte_alloc_map(mm
, pmd
, address
);
2049 return handle_pte_fault(mm
, vma
, address
, pte
, pmd
, write_access
);
2052 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
2053 return VM_FAULT_OOM
;
2056 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PUD_FOLDED
2058 * Allocate page upper directory.
2060 * We've already handled the fast-path in-line, and we own the
2063 pud_t fastcall
*__pud_alloc(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pgd_t
*pgd
, unsigned long address
)
2067 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
2068 new = pud_alloc_one(mm
, address
);
2069 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
2074 * Because we dropped the lock, we should re-check the
2075 * entry, as somebody else could have populated it..
2077 if (pgd_present(*pgd
)) {
2081 pgd_populate(mm
, pgd
, new);
2083 return pud_offset(pgd
, address
);
2085 #endif /* __PAGETABLE_PUD_FOLDED */
2087 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
2089 * Allocate page middle directory.
2091 * We've already handled the fast-path in-line, and we own the
2094 pmd_t fastcall
*__pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct
*mm
, pud_t
*pud
, unsigned long address
)
2098 spin_unlock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
2099 new = pmd_alloc_one(mm
, address
);
2100 spin_lock(&mm
->page_table_lock
);
2105 * Because we dropped the lock, we should re-check the
2106 * entry, as somebody else could have populated it..
2108 #ifndef __ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK
2109 if (pud_present(*pud
)) {
2113 pud_populate(mm
, pud
, new);
2115 if (pgd_present(*pud
)) {
2119 pgd_populate(mm
, pud
, new);
2120 #endif /* __ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK */
2123 return pmd_offset(pud
, address
);
2125 #endif /* __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED */
2127 int make_pages_present(unsigned long addr
, unsigned long end
)
2129 int ret
, len
, write
;
2130 struct vm_area_struct
* vma
;
2132 vma
= find_vma(current
->mm
, addr
);
2135 write
= (vma
->vm_flags
& VM_WRITE
) != 0;
2138 if (end
> vma
->vm_end
)
2140 len
= (end
+PAGE_SIZE
-1)/PAGE_SIZE
-addr
/PAGE_SIZE
;
2141 ret
= get_user_pages(current
, current
->mm
, addr
,
2142 len
, write
, 0, NULL
, NULL
);
2145 return ret
== len
? 0 : -1;
2149 * Map a vmalloc()-space virtual address to the physical page.
2151 struct page
* vmalloc_to_page(void * vmalloc_addr
)
2153 unsigned long addr
= (unsigned long) vmalloc_addr
;
2154 struct page
*page
= NULL
;
2155 pgd_t
*pgd
= pgd_offset_k(addr
);
2160 if (!pgd_none(*pgd
)) {
2161 pud
= pud_offset(pgd
, addr
);
2162 if (!pud_none(*pud
)) {
2163 pmd
= pmd_offset(pud
, addr
);
2164 if (!pmd_none(*pmd
)) {
2165 ptep
= pte_offset_map(pmd
, addr
);
2167 if (pte_present(pte
))
2168 page
= pte_page(pte
);
2176 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmalloc_to_page
);
2179 * Map a vmalloc()-space virtual address to the physical page frame number.
2181 unsigned long vmalloc_to_pfn(void * vmalloc_addr
)
2183 return page_to_pfn(vmalloc_to_page(vmalloc_addr
));
2186 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmalloc_to_pfn
);
2189 * update_mem_hiwater
2190 * - update per process rss and vm high water data
2192 void update_mem_hiwater(struct task_struct
*tsk
)
2195 unsigned long rss
= get_mm_counter(tsk
->mm
, rss
);
2197 if (tsk
->mm
->hiwater_rss
< rss
)
2198 tsk
->mm
->hiwater_rss
= rss
;
2199 if (tsk
->mm
->hiwater_vm
< tsk
->mm
->total_vm
)
2200 tsk
->mm
->hiwater_vm
= tsk
->mm
->total_vm
;
2204 #if !defined(__HAVE_ARCH_GATE_AREA)
2206 #if defined(AT_SYSINFO_EHDR)
2207 static struct vm_area_struct gate_vma
;
2209 static int __init
gate_vma_init(void)
2211 gate_vma
.vm_mm
= NULL
;
2212 gate_vma
.vm_start
= FIXADDR_USER_START
;
2213 gate_vma
.vm_end
= FIXADDR_USER_END
;
2214 gate_vma
.vm_page_prot
= PAGE_READONLY
;
2215 gate_vma
.vm_flags
= 0;
2218 __initcall(gate_vma_init
);
2221 struct vm_area_struct
*get_gate_vma(struct task_struct
*tsk
)
2223 #ifdef AT_SYSINFO_EHDR
2230 int in_gate_area_no_task(unsigned long addr
)
2232 #ifdef AT_SYSINFO_EHDR
2233 if ((addr
>= FIXADDR_USER_START
) && (addr
< FIXADDR_USER_END
))
2239 #endif /* __HAVE_ARCH_GATE_AREA */