7 Network Working Group P. Hoffman
8 Request for Comments: 3454 IMC & VPNC
9 Category: Standards Track M. Blanchet
14 Preparation of Internationalized Strings ("stringprep")
18 This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
19 Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
20 improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
21 Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
22 and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
26 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
30 This document describes a framework for preparing Unicode text
31 strings in order to increase the likelihood that string input and
32 string comparison work in ways that make sense for typical users
33 throughout the world. The stringprep protocol is useful for protocol
34 identifier values, company and personal names, internationalized
35 domain names, and other text strings.
37 This document does not specify how protocols should prepare text
38 strings. Protocols must create profiles of stringprep in order to
39 fully specify the processing options.
43 1. Introduction....................................................3
44 1.1 Terminology..................................................4
45 1.2 Using stringprep in protocols................................4
46 2. Preparation Overview............................................6
47 3. Mapping.........................................................7
48 3.1 Commonly mapped to nothing...................................7
49 3.2 Case folding.................................................8
50 4. Normalization...................................................9
51 5. Prohibited Output..............................................10
52 5.1 Space characters............................................11
53 5.2 Control characters..........................................11
54 5.3 Private use.................................................12
58 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 1]
60 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
63 5.4 Non-character code points...................................12
64 5.5 Surrogate codes.............................................13
65 5.6 Inappropriate for plain text................................13
66 5.7 Inappropriate for canonical representation..................13
67 5.8 Change display properties or deprecated.....................13
68 5.9 Tagging characters..........................................14
69 6. Bidirectional Characters.......................................14
70 7. Unassigned Code Points in Stringprep Profiles..................15
71 7.1 Categories of code points...................................16
72 7.2 Reasons for difference between stored strings and queries...17
73 7.3 Versions of applications and stored strings.................18
74 8. References.....................................................19
75 8.1 Normative references........................................19
76 8.2 Informative references......................................19
77 9. Security Considerations........................................19
78 9.1 Stringprep-specific security considerations.................19
79 9.2 Generic Unicode security considerations.....................20
80 10. IANA Considerations...........................................21
81 11. Acknowledgements..............................................22
82 A. Unicode repertoires............................................23
83 A.1 Unassigned code points in Unicode 3.2.......................23
84 B. Mapping Tables.................................................31
85 B.1 Commonly mapped to nothing..................................31
86 B.2 Mapping for case-folding used with NFKC.....................32
87 B.3 Mapping for case-folding used with no normalization.........61
88 C. Prohibition tables.............................................78
89 C.1 Space characters............................................78
90 C.1.1 ASCII space characters..................................78
91 C.1.2 Non-ASCII space characters..............................79
92 C.2 Control characters..........................................79
93 C.2.1 ASCII control characters................................79
94 C.2.2 Non-ASCII control characters............................79
95 C.3 Private use.................................................80
96 C.4 Non-character code points...................................80
97 C.5 Surrogate codes.............................................80
98 C.6 Inappropriate for plain text................................80
99 C.7 Inappropriate for canonical representation..................81
100 C.8 Change display properties or are deprecated.................81
101 C.9 Tagging characters..........................................81
102 D. Bidirectional tables...........................................81
103 D.1 Characters with bidirectional property "R" or "AL"..........81
104 D.2 Characters with bidirectional property "L"..................82
105 Authors' Addresses................................................90
106 Full Copyright Statement..........................................91
114 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 2]
116 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
121 Application programs can display text in many different ways.
122 Similarly, a user can enter text into an application program in a
123 myriad of fashions. Internationalized text (that is, text that is
124 not restricted to the narrow set of US-ASCII characters) has many
125 input and display behaviors that make it difficult to compare text in
126 a consistent fashion.
128 This document specifies a framework of processing rules for Unicode
129 text. Other protocols can create profiles of these rules; these
130 profiles will allow users to enter internationalized text strings in
131 applications and have the highest chance of getting the content of
132 the strings correct. In this case, "correct" means that if two
133 different people enter what they think is the same string into two
134 different input mechanisms, the strings should match on a character-
137 This framework does not describe how data is transcoded from other
138 character sets into Unicode. In systems that uses non-Unicode
139 character sets, the transcoding algorithm is a critical part of
140 enabling secure and "correct" operation of internationalized text
143 In addition to helping string matching, profiles of stringprep can
144 also exclude characters that should not normally appear in text that
145 is used in the protocol. The profile can prevent such characters by
146 changing the characters to be excluded to other characters, by
147 removing those characters, or by causing an error if the characters
148 would appear in the output. For example, because the backspace
149 character can cause unpredictable display results, a profile can
150 specify that a string containing a backspace character would cause an
153 A profile of stringprep converts a single string of input characters
154 to a string of output characters, or returns an error if the output
155 string would contain a prohibited character. Stringprep profiles
156 cannot both emit a string and return an error.
158 Stringprep profiles cannot account for all of the variations that
159 might occur or that a user might expect. In particular, a profile
160 will not be able to account for choice of spellings in all languages
161 for all scripts because the number of alternative spellings of words
162 and phrases is immense. Users would probably expect all spelling
163 equivalents to be made equivalent, or none of them to be. Examples
164 of spelling equivalents include "theater" vs. "theatre", and
165 "hemoglobin" vs. "h<U+00E6>moglobin" in American vs. British English.
166 Other examples are simplified Chinese spellings of names (for
170 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 3]
172 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
175 example,"<U+7EDF><U+4E00><U+7801>") vs. the equivalent traditional
176 Chinese spelling (for example, "<U+7D71><U+4E00><U+78BC>").
177 Language-specific equivalences such as "Aepfel" vs. "<U+00C4>pfel",
178 which are sometimes considered equivalent in German, may not be
179 considered equivalent in other languages.
183 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
184 "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
185 document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, RFC 2119
188 Note: A glossary of terms used in Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 can be
189 found in [Glossary]. Information on the 10646/Unicode character
190 encoding model can be found in [CharModel].
192 Character names in this document use the notation for code points and
193 names from the Unicode Standard [Unicode3.2] and ISO/IEC 10646
194 [ISO10646]. For example, the letter "a" may be represented as either
195 "U+0061" or "LATIN SMALL LETTER A". In the lists of mappings and the
196 prohibited characters, the "U+" is left off to make the lists easier
197 to read. The comments for character ranges are shown in square
198 brackets (such as "[CONTROL CHARACTERS]") and do not come from the
201 1.2 Using stringprep in protocols
203 The stringprep protocol does not stand on its own; it has to be used
204 by other protocols at precisely-defined places in those other
205 protocols. For example, a protocol that has strings that come from
206 the entire ISO/IEC 10646 [ISO10646] character repertoire might
207 specify that only strings that have been processed with a particular
208 profile of stringprep are legal. Another example would be a protocol
209 that does string comparison as a step in the protocol; that protocol
210 might specify that such comparison is done only after processing the
211 strings with a specific profile of stringprep.
213 When two protocols that use different profiles of stringprep
214 interoperate, there may be conflict about what characters are and are
215 not allowed in the final string. Thus, protocol developers should
216 strongly consider re-using existing profiles of stringprep.
218 When developers wish to allow users as wide of a range of characters
219 as possible in input text strings, they should, where possible, cause
220 stringprep to convert characters from the input string to a canonical
221 form instead of prohibiting them.
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228 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
231 Although it would be easy to use the stringprep process to "correct"
232 perceived mis-features or bugs in the current character standards,
233 stringprep profiles SHOULD NOT do so.
235 A profile of stringprep can create tables different from those in the
236 appendixes of this document, but it will be an exception when they
237 do. The intention of stringprep is to define the tables and have the
238 profiles of stringprep select among those defined tables.
240 A profile of stringprep MUST include all of the following:
242 - The intended applicability of the profile
244 - The character repertoire that is the input and output to stringprep
245 (which is Unicode 3.2 for this version of stringprep)
247 - The mapping tables from this document used (as described in section
250 - Any additional mapping tables specific to the profile
252 - The Unicode normalization used, if any (as described in section 4)
254 - The tables from this document of characters that are prohibited as
255 output (as described in section 5)
257 - The bidirectional string testing used, if any (as described in
260 - Any additional characters that are prohibited as output specific to
263 Each profile MUST state the character repertoire on which the profile
264 will operate. Appendix A lists the Unicode repertoires that can be
265 selected. No repertoire is ever complete, and it is expected that
266 characters will be added to the Unicode repertoire for the
267 foreseeable future. Section 7 of this document describes how to
268 handle characters that are assigned in later versions of the Unicode
269 repertories. Subsections of appendix A also list unassigned code
270 points for each repertoire.
272 This document is for Unicode version 3.2, and should not be
273 considered to automatically apply to later Unicode versions. The
274 IETF, through an explicit standards action, may update this document
275 as appropriate to handle later Unicode versions.
282 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 5]
284 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
287 This document lists the unassigned code points in the range 0 to
288 10FFFF for Unicode 3.2 in appendix A. The list in appendix A MUST be
289 used by implementations of this specification. If there are any
290 discrepancies between the list in appendix A and the Unicode 3.2
291 specification, the list in appendix A always takes precedence.
293 Each profile of stringprep MUST be registered with IANA. The
294 registration procedure is described in the IANA Considerations
295 appendix; basically, the IESG must review each profile of stringprep.
296 Protocol developers are strongly encouraged to look through the IANA
297 profile registry when creating new profiles for stringprep, and to
298 re-use logic from earlier profiles where possible in new profiles.
299 In some cases, an existing profile can be reused by a different
302 2. Preparation Overview
304 The steps for preparing strings are:
306 1) Map -- For each character in the input, check if it has a mapping
307 and, if so, replace it with its mapping. This is described in
310 2) Normalize -- Possibly normalize the result of step 1 using Unicode
311 normalization. This is described in section 4.
313 3) Prohibit -- Check for any characters that are not allowed in the
314 output. If any are found, return an error. This is described in
317 4) Check bidi -- Possibly check for right-to-left characters, and if
318 any are found, make sure that the whole string satisfies the
319 requirements for bidirectional strings. If the string does not
320 satisfy the requirements for bidirectional strings, return an
321 error. This is described in section 6.
323 The above steps MUST be performed in the order given to comply with
326 The mappings described in section 3, and the optional Unicode
327 normalization described in section 4, can be one-to-none, one-to-one,
328 one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many. That is, some characters
329 might be eliminated or replaced by more than one character, and the
330 output of this step might be shorter or longer than the input.
331 Because of this, the system using stringprep MUST be prepared to
332 receive a longer or shorter string than the one input in the
333 stringprep algorithm.
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340 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
345 Each character in the input stream MUST be checked against a mapping
346 table. The mapping table SHOULD come from this document, although
347 the mapping table MAY be added to or altered by the profile. The
348 mapping tables are subsections of appendix B.
350 The lists in appendix B MUST be used by implementations of this
351 specification. If there are any discrepancies between the lists in
352 appendix B and subsections below, the lists in appendix B always
355 For any individual character, the mapping table MAY specify that a
356 character be mapped to nothing, or mapped to one other character, or
357 mapped to a string of other characters.
359 Mapped characters are not re-scanned during the mapping step. That
360 is, if character A at position X is mapped to character B, character
361 B which is now at position X is not checked against the mapping
364 3.1 Commonly mapped to nothing
366 The following characters are simply deleted from the input (that is,
367 they are mapped to nothing) because their presence or absence in
368 protocol identifiers should not make two strings different. They are
371 Some characters are only useful in line-based text, and are otherwise
372 invisible and ignored.
375 1806; MONGOLIAN TODO SOFT HYPHEN
376 200B; ZERO WIDTH SPACE
378 FEFF; ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE
380 Some characters affect glyph choice and glyph placement, but do not
383 034F; COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
384 180B; MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR ONE
385 180C; MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR TWO
386 180D; MONGOLIAN FREE VARIATION SELECTOR THREE
387 200C; ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER
388 200D; ZERO WIDTH JOINER
389 FE00; VARIATION SELECTOR-1
390 FE01; VARIATION SELECTOR-2
394 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 7]
396 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
399 FE02; VARIATION SELECTOR-3
400 FE03; VARIATION SELECTOR-4
401 FE04; VARIATION SELECTOR-5
402 FE05; VARIATION SELECTOR-6
403 FE06; VARIATION SELECTOR-7
404 FE07; VARIATION SELECTOR-8
405 FE08; VARIATION SELECTOR-9
406 FE09; VARIATION SELECTOR-10
407 FE0A; VARIATION SELECTOR-11
408 FE0B; VARIATION SELECTOR-12
409 FE0C; VARIATION SELECTOR-13
410 FE0D; VARIATION SELECTOR-14
411 FE0E; VARIATION SELECTOR-15
412 FE0F; VARIATION SELECTOR-16
416 If a profile is going to map characters for case-insensitive
417 comparison, that profile SHOULD map using either appendix B.2 or
418 appendix B.3. appendix B.2 is for profiles that also use Unicode
419 normalization form KC, while appendix B.3 is for profiles that do
420 not use Unicode normalization. These tables map from uppercase to
421 lowercase characters. Note that this could have been "change all
422 lowercase characters into uppercase characters". However, the
423 upper-to-lower folding was chosen because there is a tradition of
424 using lowercase in current Internet applications and protocols.
426 If a profile creates its own mapping tables for case folding, they
427 SHOULD be based on [UTR21], and SHOULD map from uppercase characters
428 to lowercase. The "CaseFolding.txt" file from the Unicode database
429 SHOULD be used to prepare the mapping table. The profile SHOULD do
430 full case mapping (that is, using statuses C, F, and I).
432 If the profile is using Unicode normalization form KC (as described
433 in section 4 of this document), it is important to note that there
434 are some characters that do not have mappings in [UTR21] but still
435 need processing. These characters include a few Greek characters and
436 many symbols that contain Latin characters. The list of characters
437 to add to the mapping table can determined by the following
440 b = NormalizeWithKC(Fold(a));
441 c = NormalizeWithKC(Fold(b));
442 if c is not the same as b, add a mapping for "a to c".
444 Because NormalizeWithKC(Fold(c)) always equals c, the table is stable
450 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 8]
452 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
455 Appendix B.3 is derived from the CaseFolding-3.txt file associated
456 with Unicode 3.2; appendix B.2 is based on appendix B.3 with the
457 additional characters added from the algorithm above.
459 Authors of profiles of this document need to consider the effects of
460 changing the mapping of any currently-assigned character when
461 updating their profiles. Adding a new mapping for a currently-
462 assigned character, or changing an existing mapping, could cause a
463 variance between the behavior of systems that have been updated and
464 systems that have not been updated.
468 The output of the mapping step is optionally normalized using one of
469 the Unicode normalization forms, as described in [UAX15]. A profile
470 can specify one of two options for Unicode normalization:
474 - Unicode normalization with form KC
476 A profile MAY choose to do no normalization. However, such a profile
477 can easily yield results that will be surprising to typical users,
478 depending on the input mechanism they use. For example, some input
479 mechanisms enter compatibility characters that look exactly like the
480 underlying characters, but have different code points. Another
481 example of where Unicode normalization helps create predictable
482 results is with characters that have multiple combining diacritics:
483 normalization orders those diacritics in a predictable fashion.
485 On the other hand, Unicode normalization requires fairly large tables
486 and somewhat complicated character reordering logic. The size and
487 complexity should not be considered daunting except in the most
488 restricted of environments, and needs to be weighed against the
489 problems of user surprise from comparing unnormalized strings. Note
490 that the tables used for normalization are not given in this
491 document, but instead must be derived from the Unicode database, as
492 described in [UAX15].
494 There is a third form of normalization, Unicode normalization with
495 form C. If a profile is going to use a Unicode normalization, it
496 MUST use Unicode normalization form KC. Form KC maps many
497 "compatibility characters" to their equivalents. Some user interface
498 systems make it possible to enter compatibility characters instead of
499 the base equivalents. Thus, using form KC instead of form C will
500 cause more strings that users would expect to match to actually
506 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 9]
508 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
511 A profile that specifies Unicode normalization MUST use the
512 normalization in [UAX15] that is associated with the version of the
513 Unicode character set specified for the profile.
515 The composition process described in [UAX15] requires a fixed
516 composition version of Unicode to ensure that strings normalized
517 under one version of Unicode remain normalized under all future
520 The IETF is relying on Unicode not to change the normalization of
521 currently-assigned characters in future versions of normalization.
522 If a future version of the normalization tables changes the
523 normalized value of an existing character, authors of profiles of
524 this document have to look at the changes very carefully before they
525 update their normalization tables. Such a change could cause a
526 variance between the behavior of systems that have been updated and
527 systems that have not been updated.
531 Before the text can be emitted, it MUST be checked for prohibited
532 code points. There are a variety of prohibited code points, as
533 described in this section. A profile of this document MAY use all or
534 some of the tables in appendix C.
536 The stringprep process never emits both an error and a string. If an
537 error is detected during the checking for prohibited code points,
538 only an error is returned.
540 Note that the subsections below describe how the tables in appendix C
541 were formed. They are here for people who want to understand more,
542 but they should be ignored by implementors. Implementations that use
543 tables MUST map based on the tables themselves, not based on the
544 descriptions in this section of how the tables were created.
546 The lists in appendix C MUST be used by implementations of this
547 specification. If there are any discrepancies between the lists in
548 appendix C and subsections below, the lists in appendix C always take
551 Some code points listed in one section may also appear in other
554 It is important to note that a profile of this document MAY prohibit
555 additional characters.
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564 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
567 Each subsection of this section has a matching subsection in appendix
568 C. For example, the characters listed in section 5.1 are listed in
573 Space characters can make accurate visual transcription of strings
574 nearly impossible and could lead to user entry errors in many ways.
575 Note that the list below is split into two tables in appendix C:
576 Table C.1.1 contains the ASCII code points, while Table C.1.2
577 contains the non-ASCII code points. Most profiles of this document
578 that want to prohibit space characters will want to include both
583 1680; OGHAM SPACE MARK
588 2004; THREE-PER-EM SPACE
589 2005; FOUR-PER-EM SPACE
590 2006; SIX-PER-EM SPACE
592 2008; PUNCTUATION SPACE
595 200B; ZERO WIDTH SPACE
596 202F; NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE
597 205F; MEDIUM MATHEMATICAL SPACE
598 3000; IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE
600 5.2 Control characters
602 Control characters (or characters with control function) cannot be
603 seen and can cause unpredictable results when displayed. Note that
604 the list below is split into two tables in appendix C: Table C.2.1
605 contains the ASCII code points, while Table C.2.2 contains the non-
606 ASCII code points. Most profiles of this document that want to
607 prohibit control characters will want to include both tables.
609 0000-001F; [CONTROL CHARACTERS]
611 0080-009F; [CONTROL CHARACTERS]
612 06DD; ARABIC END OF AYAH
613 070F; SYRIAC ABBREVIATION MARK
614 180E; MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR
618 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 11]
620 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
623 200C; ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER
624 200D; ZERO WIDTH JOINER
626 2029; PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR
628 2061; FUNCTION APPLICATION
629 2062; INVISIBLE TIMES
630 2063; INVISIBLE SEPARATOR
631 206A-206F; [CONTROL CHARACTERS]
632 FEFF; ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE
633 FFF9-FFFC; [CONTROL CHARACTERS]
634 1D173-1D17A; [MUSICAL CONTROL CHARACTERS]
638 Because private-use characters do not have defined meanings, they are
639 likely to be prohibited. The private-use characters are:
641 E000-F8FF; [PRIVATE USE, PLANE 0]
642 F0000-FFFFD; [PRIVATE USE, PLANE 15]
643 100000-10FFFD; [PRIVATE USE, PLANE 16]
645 5.4 Non-character code points
647 Non-character code points are code points that have been allocated in
648 ISO/IEC 10646 but are not characters. Because they are already
649 assigned, they are guaranteed not to later change into characters.
651 FDD0-FDEF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
652 FFFE-FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
653 1FFFE-1FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
654 2FFFE-2FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
655 3FFFE-3FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
656 4FFFE-4FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
657 5FFFE-5FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
658 6FFFE-6FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
659 7FFFE-7FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
660 8FFFE-8FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
661 9FFFE-9FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
662 AFFFE-AFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
663 BFFFE-BFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
664 CFFFE-CFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
665 DFFFE-DFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
666 EFFFE-EFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
667 FFFFE-FFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
668 10FFFE-10FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
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676 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
679 The non-character code points are listed in the PropList.txt file
680 from the Unicode database.
684 The following code points are permanently reserved for use as
685 surrogate code values in the UTF-16 encoding, will never be assigned
686 to characters in the Unicode repertoire, and are therefore
689 D800-DFFF; [SURROGATE CODES]
691 5.6 Inappropriate for plain text
693 The following characters do not appear in regular text.
695 FFF9; INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION ANCHOR
696 FFFA; INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION SEPARATOR
697 FFFB; INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION TERMINATOR
698 FFFC; OBJECT REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
700 Although the replacement character (U+FFFD) might be used when a
701 string is displayed, it doesn't make sense for it to be part of the
702 string itself. It is often displayed by renderers to indicate "there
703 would be some character here, but it cannot be rendered". For
704 example, on a computer with no Asian fonts, a string with three
705 ideographs might be rendered with three replacement characters.
707 FFFD; REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
709 5.7 Inappropriate for canonical representation
711 The ideographic description characters allow different sequences of
712 characters to be rendered the same way, which makes them
713 inappropriate for strings that have to have a single canonical
716 2FF0-2FFB; [IDEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION CHARACTERS]
718 5.8 Change display properties or are deprecated
720 The following characters can cause changes in display or the order in
721 which characters appear when rendered, or are deprecated in Unicode.
723 0340; COMBINING GRAVE TONE MARK
724 0341; COMBINING ACUTE TONE MARK
725 200E; LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK
726 200F; RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK
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732 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
735 202A; LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING
736 202B; RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING
737 202C; POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
738 202D; LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE
739 202E; RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE
740 206A; INHIBIT SYMMETRIC SWAPPING
741 206B; ACTIVATE SYMMETRIC SWAPPING
742 206C; INHIBIT ARABIC FORM SHAPING
743 206D; ACTIVATE ARABIC FORM SHAPING
744 206E; NATIONAL DIGIT SHAPES
745 206F; NOMINAL DIGIT SHAPES
747 5.9 Tagging characters
749 The following characters are used for tagging text and are invisible.
752 E0020-E007F; [TAGGING CHARACTERS]
754 6. Bidirectional Characters
756 Most characters are displayed from left to right, but some are
757 displayed from right to left. This feature of Unicode is called
758 "bidirectional text", or "bidi" for short. The Unicode standard has
759 an extensive discussion of how to reorder glyphs for display when
760 dealing with bidirectional text such as Arabic or Hebrew. See [UAX9]
761 for more information. In particular, all Unicode text is stored in
764 A profile MAY choose to ignore bidirectional text. However, ignoring
765 bidirectional text can cause display ambiguities. For example, it is
766 quite easy to create two different strings with the same characters
767 (but in different order) that are correctly displayed identically.
768 Therefore, in order to avoid most problems with ambiguous
769 bidirectional text display, profile creators should strongly consider
770 including the bidirectional character handling described in this
771 section in their profile.
773 The stringprep process never emits both an error and a string. If an
774 error is detected during the checking of bidirectional strings, only
775 an error is returned.
777 [Unicode3.2] defines several bidirectional categories; each character
778 has one bidirectional category assigned to it. For the purposes of
779 the requirements below, an "RandALCat character" is a character that
780 has Unicode bidirectional categories "R" or "AL"; an "LCat character"
781 is a character that has Unicode bidirectional category "L". Note
786 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 14]
788 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
791 that there are many characters which fall in neither of the above
792 definitions; Latin digits (<U+0030> through <U+0039>) are examples of
793 this because they have bidirectional category "EN".
795 In any profile that specifies bidirectional character handling, all
796 three of the following requirements MUST be met:
798 1) The characters in section 5.8 MUST be prohibited.
800 2) If a string contains any RandALCat character, the string MUST NOT
801 contain any LCat character.
803 3) If a string contains any RandALCat character, a RandALCat
804 character MUST be the first character of the string, and a
805 RandALCat character MUST be the last character of the string.
807 Note that requirement 3 prohibits strings such as <U+0627><U+0031>
808 ("aleph 1") but allows strings such as <U+0627><U+0031><U+0628>
809 ("aleph 1 beh"). [UAX9] goes into great detail about the display
810 order of strings that contain particular categories of characters in
811 particular sequences.
813 Table D.1 lists the characters that belong to Unicode bidirectional
814 categories "R" and "AL". Table D.2 lists all the characters that
815 belong to Unicode bidirectonal category "L". These tables are
816 derived from [Unicode3.2].
818 7. Unassigned Code Points in Stringprep Profiles
820 This section describes two different types of strings in typical
821 protocols where internationalized strings are used: "stored strings"
822 and "queries". Of course, different Internet protocols use strings
823 very differently, so these terms cannot be used exactly in every
824 protocol that needs to use stringprep. In general, "stored strings"
825 are strings that are used in protocol identifiers and named entities,
826 such as names in digital certificates and DNS domain name parts.
827 "Queries" are strings that are used to match against strings that are
828 stored identifiers, such as user-entered names for digital
829 certificate authorities and DNS lookups.
831 All code points not assigned in the character repertoire named in a
832 stringprep profile are called "unassigned code points". Stored
833 strings using the profile MUST NOT contain any unassigned code
834 points. Queries for matching strings MAY contain unassigned code
835 points. Note that this is the only part of this document where the
836 requirements for queries differs from the requirements for stored
842 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 15]
844 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
847 Using two different policies for where unassigned code points can
848 appear removes the need for versioning in protocols that use
849 stringprep profiles. This is very useful since it makes the overall
850 processing simpler and does not impose a "protocol" to handle
851 versioning. It is expected that the ISO/IEC 10646 and Unicode
852 repertoires will be updated fairly frequently; at the time that this
853 document is being written, it has happened approximately once a year.
854 Each time a new version of a repertoire appears, a new version of a
855 profile MAY be created. Some end users will want to use the new code
856 points as soon as they are defined.
858 The list of unassigned code points MUST be given in a profile, and
859 that list MUST be used by implementations of the profile.
861 The goal of the requirements in this section is to prevent
862 comparisons between two strings that were both permitted to contain
863 unassigned code points. When two strings X and Y are compared and
864 string Y was prepared in a way that permits unassigned code points, a
865 negative result to the comparison is not definitive; it's possible
866 that the strings don't match even though they would match if a more
867 recent version of the profile were used for Y. However, if both X
868 and Y were prepared in a way that permits unassigned code points,
869 something worse can happen: even a positive result for the comparison
870 is not definitive. It is possible that the strings do match even
871 though they would not match if a more recent version of the profile
872 were used (one that prohibits a code point appearing in both X and
875 Due to the way that versioning is handled in this section, stored
876 strings that are embedded in structures that cannot be changed (such
877 as the signed parts of digital certificates) MUST NOT contain any
878 unassigned code points.
880 7.1 Categories of code points
882 Each code point in a repertoire named by a profile of stringprep can
883 be categorized by how it acts in the process described in earlier
884 sections of this document:
886 AO Code points that can be in the output
888 MN Code points that cannot be in the output because they
889 never appear as output from mapping or normalization
891 D Code points that cannot be in the output because they are
892 disallowed in the prohibition step
894 U Unassigned code points
898 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 16]
900 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
903 A subsequent version of a profile that references a newer version of
904 a repertoire with new code points will inherently have some code
905 points move from category U to either D, MN, or AO. For backwards
906 compatibility, a subsequent version of a profile MUST NOT move code
907 points from any other category. That is, current AO, MN, or D code
908 points MUST NOT ever change to a different category.
910 Stored strings MUST NOT contain any code points outside of AO for the
911 latest version of a profile. That is, they are forbidden to contain
912 code points from the MN, D, or U categories.
914 Applications creating queries MUST treat U code points as if they
915 were AO when preparing the query to be entered in the process
916 described by a profile of stringprep. Those applications MAY
917 optionally have a preprocessor that provide stricter checks: treating
918 unassigned code points in the input as errors, or warning the user
919 about the fact that the code point is unassigned in the version of a
920 profile that the software is based on; such a choice is a local
921 matter for the software.
923 7.2 Reasons for the difference between stored strings and queries
925 Different software using different versions of a stringprep profile
926 need to interoperate with maximal compatibility. The scheme
927 described in this section (stored strings MUST NOT contain unassigned
928 code points, queries MAY include unassigned code points) allows that
929 compatibility without introducing any known security or
930 interoperability issues.
932 The list below shows what happens if a query contains a code point
933 from category U that is allowed in a newer version of a profile. The
934 query either matches the string that was intended, or matches no
935 string at all. In this list, the query comes from an application
936 using version "oldVersion" of a profile, the stored string was
937 created using version "newVersion" of the same profile, and the code
938 point X was in category U in oldVersion, and has changed category to
939 AO, MN, or D. There are 3 possible scenarios:
941 1. X is assigned to AO -- In newVersion, X is in category AO.
942 Because the application passed X through, it gets back a positive
943 match with the stored string. There is one exceptional case,
944 where X is a combining mark.
946 The order of combining marks is normalized, so if another
947 combining mark Y has a lower combining class than X then XY will
948 be put in the canonical order YX. (Unassigned code points are
949 never reordered, so this doesn't happen in oldVersion). If the
950 query contains YX, the query will get positive match with the
954 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 17]
956 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
959 stored string. However, no string can be stored with XY, so a
960 query with XY will get a negative answer to the test for matching.
962 2. X is assigned to MN -- In newVersion, X is normalized to code
963 point "nX" and therefore X is now put in category MN. This cannot
964 exist in any stored string, so any query containing X will get a
965 negative answer to the test for matching. Note, however, if the
966 query had contained the letter nX, it would have positively
969 3. X is assigned to D -- In newVersion, X is in category D. This
970 cannot exist in any stored string, so any query containing X will
971 get a negative answer to the test for matching.
973 In none of the cases does the query get data for a stored string
974 other than the one it actually tried to match against.
976 Profiles are stable between versions in the following sense: If a
977 string S has been prepared using newVersion, then it will not change
978 if it is subsequently prepared using oldVersion.
980 7.3 Versions of applications and stored strings
982 Another way to see that this versioning system works is to compare
983 what happens when an application uses a newer or older version of a
986 Newer query application -- Suppose that a querying application is
987 using version newVersion and the stored string was created using
988 version oldVersion. This case is simple: there will be no characters
989 in the stored string that cannot be queried by the application
990 because the new profile uses a superset of the code points used for
991 making the stored string.
993 Newer stored string -- Suppose that a querying application is using
994 oldVersion and the stored string was created using a profile that
995 uses newVersion. Because the querying application let unassigned
996 code points pass through, the user can query on stored strings that
997 use code points in newVersion. No stored strings can have code
998 points that are unassigned in newVersion, since that is illegal. In
999 order to get a match, the querying application has to enter the
1000 unassigned code points in the proper order, and has to use unassigned
1001 code points that would make it through both the mapping and the
1002 normalization steps.
1010 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 18]
1012 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1017 8.1 Normative references
1019 [UAX15] Mark Davis and Martin Duerst. Unicode Standard Annex
1020 #15: Unicode Normalization Forms, Version 3.2.0.
1021 <http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/tr15-
1024 [Unicode3.2] The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version
1025 3.2.0 is defined by The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0
1026 (Reading, MA, Addison-Wesley, 2000. ISBN 0-201-61633-5),
1027 as amended by the Unicode Standard Annex #27: Unicode
1028 3.1 (http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr27/) and by the
1029 Unicode Standard Annex #28: Unicode 3.2
1030 (http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr28/).
1032 [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
1033 Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
1035 8.2 Informative references
1037 [CharModel] Unicode Technical Report;17, Character Encoding Model.
1038 <http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr17/>.
1040 [Glossary] Unicode Glossary, <http://www.unicode.org/glossary/>.
1042 [ISO10646] ISO/IEC, "Information Technology - Universal Multiple-
1043 Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) - Part 1: Architecture
1044 and Basic Multilingual Plane", ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000,
1047 [RFC2434] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for IANA
1048 Considerations", BCP 26, RFC 2434, October 1998.
1050 [UAX9] The Unicode Consortium. Unicode Standard Annex #9, The
1051 Bidirectional Algorithm,
1052 <http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr9/>.
1054 [UTR21] Mark Davis. Case Mappings. Unicode Technical Report 21.
1055 <http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr21/>.
1057 9. Security Considerations
1059 Stringprep is used with Unicode characters. There are security
1060 considerations that are specific to stringprep, and others that are
1061 generic to using Unicode.
1066 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 19]
1068 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1071 9.1 Stringprep-specific security considerations
1073 The Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 repertoires have many characters that
1074 look similar. In many cases, users of security protocols might do
1075 visual matching, such as when comparing the names of trusted third
1076 parties. Because it is impossible to map similar-looking characters
1077 without a great deal of context such as knowing the fonts used,
1078 stringprep does nothing to map similar-looking characters together
1079 nor to prohibit some characters because they look like others. User
1080 applications can help disambiguate some similar-looking characters by
1081 showing the user when a string changes between scripts.
1083 Most profiles of stringprep can cause changes in strings that are
1084 input to stringprep. Because of this, protocols that have sets of
1085 non-allowed characters or sequences MUST check for the non-allowed
1086 characters or sequences after the stringprep processing.
1088 This document does not mandate the checking of bidirectional
1089 characters in section 6. If the requirements in section 6 are not
1090 used in a profile of stringprep, it is easy to create many strings
1091 whose characters are in different order but are displayed
1092 identically. This can cause security-related user confusion similar
1093 to look-alike characters, as described above.
1095 Stringprep does not do anything to assure that any algorithms
1096 translating characters from non-Unicode into Unicode produce the same
1097 output in all implementations.
1099 Some Unicode codepoints are invisible. Protocols that allow these
1100 characters (that is, do not map them out or prohibit them in
1101 stringprep) can cause users confusion when two identical-looking
1102 strings do not match.
1104 9.2 Generic Unicode security considerations
1106 Using Unicode characters explicitly forces applications to use
1107 multi-octet characters. Converting an application from one that uses
1108 single-octet characters to one that uses multi-octet characters must
1109 be done very carefully, particularly in an application that checks
1110 for values of characters or sorts characters.
1112 Protocols that use stringprep usually also use encodings of Unicode,
1113 such as UTF-8 or UTF-16. Some applications using those encodings
1114 have been known to not check for illegal or ill-formed sequences in
1115 the encodings, and thereby have not detected sequences of octets that
1116 would have been detected if they used just ASCII. For example, in
1122 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 20]
1124 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1127 UTF-8 the octet sequence "0xC0 0xAB" is an illegal formation of
1128 U+002B (plus sign). All programs should reject any string that is an
1129 illegal or ill-formed octet sequence for the encoding being used.
1131 Both Unicode normalization and conversion between Unicode encodings
1132 can cause strings to grow or shrink. Programs that used fixed-size
1133 buffers, or that make assumptions that buffers will always be greater
1134 than or less than particular sizes, are likely to fail in insecure
1135 fashions when using Unicode normalization or encoding conversions.
1137 Covering an extensive list of security threats and considerations on
1138 the use of current and future versions of Unicode is outside of the
1139 scope of this document.
1141 10. IANA Considerations
1143 Stringprep profiles MUST have IETF consensus as described in
1144 [RFC2434]. Each profile MUST be reviewed by the IESG before it is
1145 registered. The IESG MAY change a profile before registration.
1147 IANA has set up a registry of stringprep profiles. This registry is
1148 a single text file that lists the known profiles. Each entry in the
1149 registry has three fields:
1153 - RFC in which the profile is defined
1155 - Indicator whether or not this is the newest version of the profile
1157 Each version of a profile will remain listed in the registry forever.
1158 That is, if a new version of a profile supersedes an earlier version,
1159 both versions will continue to be listed in the registry, but the
1160 current version indicator will be turned off for the earlier version
1161 and turned on for the newer version.
1163 It is probably harmful if a large number of profiles of stringprep
1164 proliferate. Therefore, the IESG may reject proposals for new
1165 profiles and instead suggest that protocols reuse existing profiles.
1178 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 21]
1180 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1183 11. Acknowledgements
1185 Many people from the IETF IDN Working Group and the Unicode Technical
1186 Committee contributed ideas that went into the first document of this
1187 document. Mark Davis and Patrik Faltstrom were particularly helpful
1188 in some of the ideas, such as the versioning description.
1190 The IDN nameprep design team made many useful changes to the first
1191 document. That team and its advisors include:
1203 Additional significant improvements were proposed by:
1234 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 22]
1236 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1239 A. Unicode repertoires
1241 The following is the only repertoire covered in this document:
1243 Unicode 3.2, as defined in [Unicode3.2].
1245 A.1 Unassigned code points in Unicode 3.2
1247 ----- Start Table A.1 -----
1290 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 23]
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1348 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
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1628 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1682 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 30]
1684 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1708 ----- End Table A.1 -----
1712 The following is the mapping table from section 3. The table has
1715 - the code point that is mapped from
1716 - the zero or more code points that it is mapped to
1717 - the reason for the mapping
1719 The columns are separated by semicolons. Note that the second column
1720 may be empty, or it may have one code point, or it may have more than
1721 one code point, with each code point separated by a space.
1723 B.1 Commonly mapped to nothing
1725 ----- Start Table B.1 -----
1726 00AD; ; Map to nothing
1727 034F; ; Map to nothing
1728 1806; ; Map to nothing
1729 180B; ; Map to nothing
1730 180C; ; Map to nothing
1731 180D; ; Map to nothing
1732 200B; ; Map to nothing
1733 200C; ; Map to nothing
1734 200D; ; Map to nothing
1738 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 31]
1740 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1743 2060; ; Map to nothing
1744 FE00; ; Map to nothing
1745 FE01; ; Map to nothing
1746 FE02; ; Map to nothing
1747 FE03; ; Map to nothing
1748 FE04; ; Map to nothing
1749 FE05; ; Map to nothing
1750 FE06; ; Map to nothing
1751 FE07; ; Map to nothing
1752 FE08; ; Map to nothing
1753 FE09; ; Map to nothing
1754 FE0A; ; Map to nothing
1755 FE0B; ; Map to nothing
1756 FE0C; ; Map to nothing
1757 FE0D; ; Map to nothing
1758 FE0E; ; Map to nothing
1759 FE0F; ; Map to nothing
1760 FEFF; ; Map to nothing
1761 ----- End Table B.1 -----
1763 B.2 Mapping for case-folding used with NFKC
1765 ----- Start Table B.2 -----
1766 0041; 0061; Case map
1767 0042; 0062; Case map
1768 0043; 0063; Case map
1769 0044; 0064; Case map
1770 0045; 0065; Case map
1771 0046; 0066; Case map
1772 0047; 0067; Case map
1773 0048; 0068; Case map
1774 0049; 0069; Case map
1775 004A; 006A; Case map
1776 004B; 006B; Case map
1777 004C; 006C; Case map
1778 004D; 006D; Case map
1779 004E; 006E; Case map
1780 004F; 006F; Case map
1781 0050; 0070; Case map
1782 0051; 0071; Case map
1783 0052; 0072; Case map
1784 0053; 0073; Case map
1785 0054; 0074; Case map
1786 0055; 0075; Case map
1787 0056; 0076; Case map
1788 0057; 0077; Case map
1789 0058; 0078; Case map
1790 0059; 0079; Case map
1794 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 32]
1796 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1799 005A; 007A; Case map
1800 00B5; 03BC; Case map
1801 00C0; 00E0; Case map
1802 00C1; 00E1; Case map
1803 00C2; 00E2; Case map
1804 00C3; 00E3; Case map
1805 00C4; 00E4; Case map
1806 00C5; 00E5; Case map
1807 00C6; 00E6; Case map
1808 00C7; 00E7; Case map
1809 00C8; 00E8; Case map
1810 00C9; 00E9; Case map
1811 00CA; 00EA; Case map
1812 00CB; 00EB; Case map
1813 00CC; 00EC; Case map
1814 00CD; 00ED; Case map
1815 00CE; 00EE; Case map
1816 00CF; 00EF; Case map
1817 00D0; 00F0; Case map
1818 00D1; 00F1; Case map
1819 00D2; 00F2; Case map
1820 00D3; 00F3; Case map
1821 00D4; 00F4; Case map
1822 00D5; 00F5; Case map
1823 00D6; 00F6; Case map
1824 00D8; 00F8; Case map
1825 00D9; 00F9; Case map
1826 00DA; 00FA; Case map
1827 00DB; 00FB; Case map
1828 00DC; 00FC; Case map
1829 00DD; 00FD; Case map
1830 00DE; 00FE; Case map
1831 00DF; 0073 0073; Case map
1832 0100; 0101; Case map
1833 0102; 0103; Case map
1834 0104; 0105; Case map
1835 0106; 0107; Case map
1836 0108; 0109; Case map
1837 010A; 010B; Case map
1838 010C; 010D; Case map
1839 010E; 010F; Case map
1840 0110; 0111; Case map
1841 0112; 0113; Case map
1842 0114; 0115; Case map
1843 0116; 0117; Case map
1844 0118; 0119; Case map
1845 011A; 011B; Case map
1846 011C; 011D; Case map
1850 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 33]
1852 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1855 011E; 011F; Case map
1856 0120; 0121; Case map
1857 0122; 0123; Case map
1858 0124; 0125; Case map
1859 0126; 0127; Case map
1860 0128; 0129; Case map
1861 012A; 012B; Case map
1862 012C; 012D; Case map
1863 012E; 012F; Case map
1864 0130; 0069 0307; Case map
1865 0132; 0133; Case map
1866 0134; 0135; Case map
1867 0136; 0137; Case map
1868 0139; 013A; Case map
1869 013B; 013C; Case map
1870 013D; 013E; Case map
1871 013F; 0140; Case map
1872 0141; 0142; Case map
1873 0143; 0144; Case map
1874 0145; 0146; Case map
1875 0147; 0148; Case map
1876 0149; 02BC 006E; Case map
1877 014A; 014B; Case map
1878 014C; 014D; Case map
1879 014E; 014F; Case map
1880 0150; 0151; Case map
1881 0152; 0153; Case map
1882 0154; 0155; Case map
1883 0156; 0157; Case map
1884 0158; 0159; Case map
1885 015A; 015B; Case map
1886 015C; 015D; Case map
1887 015E; 015F; Case map
1888 0160; 0161; Case map
1889 0162; 0163; Case map
1890 0164; 0165; Case map
1891 0166; 0167; Case map
1892 0168; 0169; Case map
1893 016A; 016B; Case map
1894 016C; 016D; Case map
1895 016E; 016F; Case map
1896 0170; 0171; Case map
1897 0172; 0173; Case map
1898 0174; 0175; Case map
1899 0176; 0177; Case map
1900 0178; 00FF; Case map
1901 0179; 017A; Case map
1902 017B; 017C; Case map
1906 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 34]
1908 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1911 017D; 017E; Case map
1912 017F; 0073; Case map
1913 0181; 0253; Case map
1914 0182; 0183; Case map
1915 0184; 0185; Case map
1916 0186; 0254; Case map
1917 0187; 0188; Case map
1918 0189; 0256; Case map
1919 018A; 0257; Case map
1920 018B; 018C; Case map
1921 018E; 01DD; Case map
1922 018F; 0259; Case map
1923 0190; 025B; Case map
1924 0191; 0192; Case map
1925 0193; 0260; Case map
1926 0194; 0263; Case map
1927 0196; 0269; Case map
1928 0197; 0268; Case map
1929 0198; 0199; Case map
1930 019C; 026F; Case map
1931 019D; 0272; Case map
1932 019F; 0275; Case map
1933 01A0; 01A1; Case map
1934 01A2; 01A3; Case map
1935 01A4; 01A5; Case map
1936 01A6; 0280; Case map
1937 01A7; 01A8; Case map
1938 01A9; 0283; Case map
1939 01AC; 01AD; Case map
1940 01AE; 0288; Case map
1941 01AF; 01B0; Case map
1942 01B1; 028A; Case map
1943 01B2; 028B; Case map
1944 01B3; 01B4; Case map
1945 01B5; 01B6; Case map
1946 01B7; 0292; Case map
1947 01B8; 01B9; Case map
1948 01BC; 01BD; Case map
1949 01C4; 01C6; Case map
1950 01C5; 01C6; Case map
1951 01C7; 01C9; Case map
1952 01C8; 01C9; Case map
1953 01CA; 01CC; Case map
1954 01CB; 01CC; Case map
1955 01CD; 01CE; Case map
1956 01CF; 01D0; Case map
1957 01D1; 01D2; Case map
1958 01D3; 01D4; Case map
1962 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 35]
1964 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
1967 01D5; 01D6; Case map
1968 01D7; 01D8; Case map
1969 01D9; 01DA; Case map
1970 01DB; 01DC; Case map
1971 01DE; 01DF; Case map
1972 01E0; 01E1; Case map
1973 01E2; 01E3; Case map
1974 01E4; 01E5; Case map
1975 01E6; 01E7; Case map
1976 01E8; 01E9; Case map
1977 01EA; 01EB; Case map
1978 01EC; 01ED; Case map
1979 01EE; 01EF; Case map
1980 01F0; 006A 030C; Case map
1981 01F1; 01F3; Case map
1982 01F2; 01F3; Case map
1983 01F4; 01F5; Case map
1984 01F6; 0195; Case map
1985 01F7; 01BF; Case map
1986 01F8; 01F9; Case map
1987 01FA; 01FB; Case map
1988 01FC; 01FD; Case map
1989 01FE; 01FF; Case map
1990 0200; 0201; Case map
1991 0202; 0203; Case map
1992 0204; 0205; Case map
1993 0206; 0207; Case map
1994 0208; 0209; Case map
1995 020A; 020B; Case map
1996 020C; 020D; Case map
1997 020E; 020F; Case map
1998 0210; 0211; Case map
1999 0212; 0213; Case map
2000 0214; 0215; Case map
2001 0216; 0217; Case map
2002 0218; 0219; Case map
2003 021A; 021B; Case map
2004 021C; 021D; Case map
2005 021E; 021F; Case map
2006 0220; 019E; Case map
2007 0222; 0223; Case map
2008 0224; 0225; Case map
2009 0226; 0227; Case map
2010 0228; 0229; Case map
2011 022A; 022B; Case map
2012 022C; 022D; Case map
2013 022E; 022F; Case map
2014 0230; 0231; Case map
2018 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 36]
2020 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2023 0232; 0233; Case map
2024 0345; 03B9; Case map
2025 037A; 0020 03B9; Additional folding
2026 0386; 03AC; Case map
2027 0388; 03AD; Case map
2028 0389; 03AE; Case map
2029 038A; 03AF; Case map
2030 038C; 03CC; Case map
2031 038E; 03CD; Case map
2032 038F; 03CE; Case map
2033 0390; 03B9 0308 0301; Case map
2034 0391; 03B1; Case map
2035 0392; 03B2; Case map
2036 0393; 03B3; Case map
2037 0394; 03B4; Case map
2038 0395; 03B5; Case map
2039 0396; 03B6; Case map
2040 0397; 03B7; Case map
2041 0398; 03B8; Case map
2042 0399; 03B9; Case map
2043 039A; 03BA; Case map
2044 039B; 03BB; Case map
2045 039C; 03BC; Case map
2046 039D; 03BD; Case map
2047 039E; 03BE; Case map
2048 039F; 03BF; Case map
2049 03A0; 03C0; Case map
2050 03A1; 03C1; Case map
2051 03A3; 03C3; Case map
2052 03A4; 03C4; Case map
2053 03A5; 03C5; Case map
2054 03A6; 03C6; Case map
2055 03A7; 03C7; Case map
2056 03A8; 03C8; Case map
2057 03A9; 03C9; Case map
2058 03AA; 03CA; Case map
2059 03AB; 03CB; Case map
2060 03B0; 03C5 0308 0301; Case map
2061 03C2; 03C3; Case map
2062 03D0; 03B2; Case map
2063 03D1; 03B8; Case map
2064 03D2; 03C5; Additional folding
2065 03D3; 03CD; Additional folding
2066 03D4; 03CB; Additional folding
2067 03D5; 03C6; Case map
2068 03D6; 03C0; Case map
2069 03D8; 03D9; Case map
2070 03DA; 03DB; Case map
2074 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 37]
2076 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2079 03DC; 03DD; Case map
2080 03DE; 03DF; Case map
2081 03E0; 03E1; Case map
2082 03E2; 03E3; Case map
2083 03E4; 03E5; Case map
2084 03E6; 03E7; Case map
2085 03E8; 03E9; Case map
2086 03EA; 03EB; Case map
2087 03EC; 03ED; Case map
2088 03EE; 03EF; Case map
2089 03F0; 03BA; Case map
2090 03F1; 03C1; Case map
2091 03F2; 03C3; Case map
2092 03F4; 03B8; Case map
2093 03F5; 03B5; Case map
2094 0400; 0450; Case map
2095 0401; 0451; Case map
2096 0402; 0452; Case map
2097 0403; 0453; Case map
2098 0404; 0454; Case map
2099 0405; 0455; Case map
2100 0406; 0456; Case map
2101 0407; 0457; Case map
2102 0408; 0458; Case map
2103 0409; 0459; Case map
2104 040A; 045A; Case map
2105 040B; 045B; Case map
2106 040C; 045C; Case map
2107 040D; 045D; Case map
2108 040E; 045E; Case map
2109 040F; 045F; Case map
2110 0410; 0430; Case map
2111 0411; 0431; Case map
2112 0412; 0432; Case map
2113 0413; 0433; Case map
2114 0414; 0434; Case map
2115 0415; 0435; Case map
2116 0416; 0436; Case map
2117 0417; 0437; Case map
2118 0418; 0438; Case map
2119 0419; 0439; Case map
2120 041A; 043A; Case map
2121 041B; 043B; Case map
2122 041C; 043C; Case map
2123 041D; 043D; Case map
2124 041E; 043E; Case map
2125 041F; 043F; Case map
2126 0420; 0440; Case map
2130 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 38]
2132 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2135 0421; 0441; Case map
2136 0422; 0442; Case map
2137 0423; 0443; Case map
2138 0424; 0444; Case map
2139 0425; 0445; Case map
2140 0426; 0446; Case map
2141 0427; 0447; Case map
2142 0428; 0448; Case map
2143 0429; 0449; Case map
2144 042A; 044A; Case map
2145 042B; 044B; Case map
2146 042C; 044C; Case map
2147 042D; 044D; Case map
2148 042E; 044E; Case map
2149 042F; 044F; Case map
2150 0460; 0461; Case map
2151 0462; 0463; Case map
2152 0464; 0465; Case map
2153 0466; 0467; Case map
2154 0468; 0469; Case map
2155 046A; 046B; Case map
2156 046C; 046D; Case map
2157 046E; 046F; Case map
2158 0470; 0471; Case map
2159 0472; 0473; Case map
2160 0474; 0475; Case map
2161 0476; 0477; Case map
2162 0478; 0479; Case map
2163 047A; 047B; Case map
2164 047C; 047D; Case map
2165 047E; 047F; Case map
2166 0480; 0481; Case map
2167 048A; 048B; Case map
2168 048C; 048D; Case map
2169 048E; 048F; Case map
2170 0490; 0491; Case map
2171 0492; 0493; Case map
2172 0494; 0495; Case map
2173 0496; 0497; Case map
2174 0498; 0499; Case map
2175 049A; 049B; Case map
2176 049C; 049D; Case map
2177 049E; 049F; Case map
2178 04A0; 04A1; Case map
2179 04A2; 04A3; Case map
2180 04A4; 04A5; Case map
2181 04A6; 04A7; Case map
2182 04A8; 04A9; Case map
2186 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 39]
2188 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2191 04AA; 04AB; Case map
2192 04AC; 04AD; Case map
2193 04AE; 04AF; Case map
2194 04B0; 04B1; Case map
2195 04B2; 04B3; Case map
2196 04B4; 04B5; Case map
2197 04B6; 04B7; Case map
2198 04B8; 04B9; Case map
2199 04BA; 04BB; Case map
2200 04BC; 04BD; Case map
2201 04BE; 04BF; Case map
2202 04C1; 04C2; Case map
2203 04C3; 04C4; Case map
2204 04C5; 04C6; Case map
2205 04C7; 04C8; Case map
2206 04C9; 04CA; Case map
2207 04CB; 04CC; Case map
2208 04CD; 04CE; Case map
2209 04D0; 04D1; Case map
2210 04D2; 04D3; Case map
2211 04D4; 04D5; Case map
2212 04D6; 04D7; Case map
2213 04D8; 04D9; Case map
2214 04DA; 04DB; Case map
2215 04DC; 04DD; Case map
2216 04DE; 04DF; Case map
2217 04E0; 04E1; Case map
2218 04E2; 04E3; Case map
2219 04E4; 04E5; Case map
2220 04E6; 04E7; Case map
2221 04E8; 04E9; Case map
2222 04EA; 04EB; Case map
2223 04EC; 04ED; Case map
2224 04EE; 04EF; Case map
2225 04F0; 04F1; Case map
2226 04F2; 04F3; Case map
2227 04F4; 04F5; Case map
2228 04F8; 04F9; Case map
2229 0500; 0501; Case map
2230 0502; 0503; Case map
2231 0504; 0505; Case map
2232 0506; 0507; Case map
2233 0508; 0509; Case map
2234 050A; 050B; Case map
2235 050C; 050D; Case map
2236 050E; 050F; Case map
2237 0531; 0561; Case map
2238 0532; 0562; Case map
2242 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 40]
2244 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2247 0533; 0563; Case map
2248 0534; 0564; Case map
2249 0535; 0565; Case map
2250 0536; 0566; Case map
2251 0537; 0567; Case map
2252 0538; 0568; Case map
2253 0539; 0569; Case map
2254 053A; 056A; Case map
2255 053B; 056B; Case map
2256 053C; 056C; Case map
2257 053D; 056D; Case map
2258 053E; 056E; Case map
2259 053F; 056F; Case map
2260 0540; 0570; Case map
2261 0541; 0571; Case map
2262 0542; 0572; Case map
2263 0543; 0573; Case map
2264 0544; 0574; Case map
2265 0545; 0575; Case map
2266 0546; 0576; Case map
2267 0547; 0577; Case map
2268 0548; 0578; Case map
2269 0549; 0579; Case map
2270 054A; 057A; Case map
2271 054B; 057B; Case map
2272 054C; 057C; Case map
2273 054D; 057D; Case map
2274 054E; 057E; Case map
2275 054F; 057F; Case map
2276 0550; 0580; Case map
2277 0551; 0581; Case map
2278 0552; 0582; Case map
2279 0553; 0583; Case map
2280 0554; 0584; Case map
2281 0555; 0585; Case map
2282 0556; 0586; Case map
2283 0587; 0565 0582; Case map
2284 1E00; 1E01; Case map
2285 1E02; 1E03; Case map
2286 1E04; 1E05; Case map
2287 1E06; 1E07; Case map
2288 1E08; 1E09; Case map
2289 1E0A; 1E0B; Case map
2290 1E0C; 1E0D; Case map
2291 1E0E; 1E0F; Case map
2292 1E10; 1E11; Case map
2293 1E12; 1E13; Case map
2294 1E14; 1E15; Case map
2298 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 41]
2300 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2303 1E16; 1E17; Case map
2304 1E18; 1E19; Case map
2305 1E1A; 1E1B; Case map
2306 1E1C; 1E1D; Case map
2307 1E1E; 1E1F; Case map
2308 1E20; 1E21; Case map
2309 1E22; 1E23; Case map
2310 1E24; 1E25; Case map
2311 1E26; 1E27; Case map
2312 1E28; 1E29; Case map
2313 1E2A; 1E2B; Case map
2314 1E2C; 1E2D; Case map
2315 1E2E; 1E2F; Case map
2316 1E30; 1E31; Case map
2317 1E32; 1E33; Case map
2318 1E34; 1E35; Case map
2319 1E36; 1E37; Case map
2320 1E38; 1E39; Case map
2321 1E3A; 1E3B; Case map
2322 1E3C; 1E3D; Case map
2323 1E3E; 1E3F; Case map
2324 1E40; 1E41; Case map
2325 1E42; 1E43; Case map
2326 1E44; 1E45; Case map
2327 1E46; 1E47; Case map
2328 1E48; 1E49; Case map
2329 1E4A; 1E4B; Case map
2330 1E4C; 1E4D; Case map
2331 1E4E; 1E4F; Case map
2332 1E50; 1E51; Case map
2333 1E52; 1E53; Case map
2334 1E54; 1E55; Case map
2335 1E56; 1E57; Case map
2336 1E58; 1E59; Case map
2337 1E5A; 1E5B; Case map
2338 1E5C; 1E5D; Case map
2339 1E5E; 1E5F; Case map
2340 1E60; 1E61; Case map
2341 1E62; 1E63; Case map
2342 1E64; 1E65; Case map
2343 1E66; 1E67; Case map
2344 1E68; 1E69; Case map
2345 1E6A; 1E6B; Case map
2346 1E6C; 1E6D; Case map
2347 1E6E; 1E6F; Case map
2348 1E70; 1E71; Case map
2349 1E72; 1E73; Case map
2350 1E74; 1E75; Case map
2354 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 42]
2356 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2359 1E76; 1E77; Case map
2360 1E78; 1E79; Case map
2361 1E7A; 1E7B; Case map
2362 1E7C; 1E7D; Case map
2363 1E7E; 1E7F; Case map
2364 1E80; 1E81; Case map
2365 1E82; 1E83; Case map
2366 1E84; 1E85; Case map
2367 1E86; 1E87; Case map
2368 1E88; 1E89; Case map
2369 1E8A; 1E8B; Case map
2370 1E8C; 1E8D; Case map
2371 1E8E; 1E8F; Case map
2372 1E90; 1E91; Case map
2373 1E92; 1E93; Case map
2374 1E94; 1E95; Case map
2375 1E96; 0068 0331; Case map
2376 1E97; 0074 0308; Case map
2377 1E98; 0077 030A; Case map
2378 1E99; 0079 030A; Case map
2379 1E9A; 0061 02BE; Case map
2380 1E9B; 1E61; Case map
2381 1EA0; 1EA1; Case map
2382 1EA2; 1EA3; Case map
2383 1EA4; 1EA5; Case map
2384 1EA6; 1EA7; Case map
2385 1EA8; 1EA9; Case map
2386 1EAA; 1EAB; Case map
2387 1EAC; 1EAD; Case map
2388 1EAE; 1EAF; Case map
2389 1EB0; 1EB1; Case map
2390 1EB2; 1EB3; Case map
2391 1EB4; 1EB5; Case map
2392 1EB6; 1EB7; Case map
2393 1EB8; 1EB9; Case map
2394 1EBA; 1EBB; Case map
2395 1EBC; 1EBD; Case map
2396 1EBE; 1EBF; Case map
2397 1EC0; 1EC1; Case map
2398 1EC2; 1EC3; Case map
2399 1EC4; 1EC5; Case map
2400 1EC6; 1EC7; Case map
2401 1EC8; 1EC9; Case map
2402 1ECA; 1ECB; Case map
2403 1ECC; 1ECD; Case map
2404 1ECE; 1ECF; Case map
2405 1ED0; 1ED1; Case map
2406 1ED2; 1ED3; Case map
2410 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 43]
2412 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2415 1ED4; 1ED5; Case map
2416 1ED6; 1ED7; Case map
2417 1ED8; 1ED9; Case map
2418 1EDA; 1EDB; Case map
2419 1EDC; 1EDD; Case map
2420 1EDE; 1EDF; Case map
2421 1EE0; 1EE1; Case map
2422 1EE2; 1EE3; Case map
2423 1EE4; 1EE5; Case map
2424 1EE6; 1EE7; Case map
2425 1EE8; 1EE9; Case map
2426 1EEA; 1EEB; Case map
2427 1EEC; 1EED; Case map
2428 1EEE; 1EEF; Case map
2429 1EF0; 1EF1; Case map
2430 1EF2; 1EF3; Case map
2431 1EF4; 1EF5; Case map
2432 1EF6; 1EF7; Case map
2433 1EF8; 1EF9; Case map
2434 1F08; 1F00; Case map
2435 1F09; 1F01; Case map
2436 1F0A; 1F02; Case map
2437 1F0B; 1F03; Case map
2438 1F0C; 1F04; Case map
2439 1F0D; 1F05; Case map
2440 1F0E; 1F06; Case map
2441 1F0F; 1F07; Case map
2442 1F18; 1F10; Case map
2443 1F19; 1F11; Case map
2444 1F1A; 1F12; Case map
2445 1F1B; 1F13; Case map
2446 1F1C; 1F14; Case map
2447 1F1D; 1F15; Case map
2448 1F28; 1F20; Case map
2449 1F29; 1F21; Case map
2450 1F2A; 1F22; Case map
2451 1F2B; 1F23; Case map
2452 1F2C; 1F24; Case map
2453 1F2D; 1F25; Case map
2454 1F2E; 1F26; Case map
2455 1F2F; 1F27; Case map
2456 1F38; 1F30; Case map
2457 1F39; 1F31; Case map
2458 1F3A; 1F32; Case map
2459 1F3B; 1F33; Case map
2460 1F3C; 1F34; Case map
2461 1F3D; 1F35; Case map
2462 1F3E; 1F36; Case map
2466 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 44]
2468 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2471 1F3F; 1F37; Case map
2472 1F48; 1F40; Case map
2473 1F49; 1F41; Case map
2474 1F4A; 1F42; Case map
2475 1F4B; 1F43; Case map
2476 1F4C; 1F44; Case map
2477 1F4D; 1F45; Case map
2478 1F50; 03C5 0313; Case map
2479 1F52; 03C5 0313 0300; Case map
2480 1F54; 03C5 0313 0301; Case map
2481 1F56; 03C5 0313 0342; Case map
2482 1F59; 1F51; Case map
2483 1F5B; 1F53; Case map
2484 1F5D; 1F55; Case map
2485 1F5F; 1F57; Case map
2486 1F68; 1F60; Case map
2487 1F69; 1F61; Case map
2488 1F6A; 1F62; Case map
2489 1F6B; 1F63; Case map
2490 1F6C; 1F64; Case map
2491 1F6D; 1F65; Case map
2492 1F6E; 1F66; Case map
2493 1F6F; 1F67; Case map
2494 1F80; 1F00 03B9; Case map
2495 1F81; 1F01 03B9; Case map
2496 1F82; 1F02 03B9; Case map
2497 1F83; 1F03 03B9; Case map
2498 1F84; 1F04 03B9; Case map
2499 1F85; 1F05 03B9; Case map
2500 1F86; 1F06 03B9; Case map
2501 1F87; 1F07 03B9; Case map
2502 1F88; 1F00 03B9; Case map
2503 1F89; 1F01 03B9; Case map
2504 1F8A; 1F02 03B9; Case map
2505 1F8B; 1F03 03B9; Case map
2506 1F8C; 1F04 03B9; Case map
2507 1F8D; 1F05 03B9; Case map
2508 1F8E; 1F06 03B9; Case map
2509 1F8F; 1F07 03B9; Case map
2510 1F90; 1F20 03B9; Case map
2511 1F91; 1F21 03B9; Case map
2512 1F92; 1F22 03B9; Case map
2513 1F93; 1F23 03B9; Case map
2514 1F94; 1F24 03B9; Case map
2515 1F95; 1F25 03B9; Case map
2516 1F96; 1F26 03B9; Case map
2517 1F97; 1F27 03B9; Case map
2518 1F98; 1F20 03B9; Case map
2522 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 45]
2524 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2527 1F99; 1F21 03B9; Case map
2528 1F9A; 1F22 03B9; Case map
2529 1F9B; 1F23 03B9; Case map
2530 1F9C; 1F24 03B9; Case map
2531 1F9D; 1F25 03B9; Case map
2532 1F9E; 1F26 03B9; Case map
2533 1F9F; 1F27 03B9; Case map
2534 1FA0; 1F60 03B9; Case map
2535 1FA1; 1F61 03B9; Case map
2536 1FA2; 1F62 03B9; Case map
2537 1FA3; 1F63 03B9; Case map
2538 1FA4; 1F64 03B9; Case map
2539 1FA5; 1F65 03B9; Case map
2540 1FA6; 1F66 03B9; Case map
2541 1FA7; 1F67 03B9; Case map
2542 1FA8; 1F60 03B9; Case map
2543 1FA9; 1F61 03B9; Case map
2544 1FAA; 1F62 03B9; Case map
2545 1FAB; 1F63 03B9; Case map
2546 1FAC; 1F64 03B9; Case map
2547 1FAD; 1F65 03B9; Case map
2548 1FAE; 1F66 03B9; Case map
2549 1FAF; 1F67 03B9; Case map
2550 1FB2; 1F70 03B9; Case map
2551 1FB3; 03B1 03B9; Case map
2552 1FB4; 03AC 03B9; Case map
2553 1FB6; 03B1 0342; Case map
2554 1FB7; 03B1 0342 03B9; Case map
2555 1FB8; 1FB0; Case map
2556 1FB9; 1FB1; Case map
2557 1FBA; 1F70; Case map
2558 1FBB; 1F71; Case map
2559 1FBC; 03B1 03B9; Case map
2560 1FBE; 03B9; Case map
2561 1FC2; 1F74 03B9; Case map
2562 1FC3; 03B7 03B9; Case map
2563 1FC4; 03AE 03B9; Case map
2564 1FC6; 03B7 0342; Case map
2565 1FC7; 03B7 0342 03B9; Case map
2566 1FC8; 1F72; Case map
2567 1FC9; 1F73; Case map
2568 1FCA; 1F74; Case map
2569 1FCB; 1F75; Case map
2570 1FCC; 03B7 03B9; Case map
2571 1FD2; 03B9 0308 0300; Case map
2572 1FD3; 03B9 0308 0301; Case map
2573 1FD6; 03B9 0342; Case map
2574 1FD7; 03B9 0308 0342; Case map
2578 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 46]
2580 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2583 1FD8; 1FD0; Case map
2584 1FD9; 1FD1; Case map
2585 1FDA; 1F76; Case map
2586 1FDB; 1F77; Case map
2587 1FE2; 03C5 0308 0300; Case map
2588 1FE3; 03C5 0308 0301; Case map
2589 1FE4; 03C1 0313; Case map
2590 1FE6; 03C5 0342; Case map
2591 1FE7; 03C5 0308 0342; Case map
2592 1FE8; 1FE0; Case map
2593 1FE9; 1FE1; Case map
2594 1FEA; 1F7A; Case map
2595 1FEB; 1F7B; Case map
2596 1FEC; 1FE5; Case map
2597 1FF2; 1F7C 03B9; Case map
2598 1FF3; 03C9 03B9; Case map
2599 1FF4; 03CE 03B9; Case map
2600 1FF6; 03C9 0342; Case map
2601 1FF7; 03C9 0342 03B9; Case map
2602 1FF8; 1F78; Case map
2603 1FF9; 1F79; Case map
2604 1FFA; 1F7C; Case map
2605 1FFB; 1F7D; Case map
2606 1FFC; 03C9 03B9; Case map
2607 20A8; 0072 0073; Additional folding
2608 2102; 0063; Additional folding
2609 2103; 00B0 0063; Additional folding
2610 2107; 025B; Additional folding
2611 2109; 00B0 0066; Additional folding
2612 210B; 0068; Additional folding
2613 210C; 0068; Additional folding
2614 210D; 0068; Additional folding
2615 2110; 0069; Additional folding
2616 2111; 0069; Additional folding
2617 2112; 006C; Additional folding
2618 2115; 006E; Additional folding
2619 2116; 006E 006F; Additional folding
2620 2119; 0070; Additional folding
2621 211A; 0071; Additional folding
2622 211B; 0072; Additional folding
2623 211C; 0072; Additional folding
2624 211D; 0072; Additional folding
2625 2120; 0073 006D; Additional folding
2626 2121; 0074 0065 006C; Additional folding
2627 2122; 0074 006D; Additional folding
2628 2124; 007A; Additional folding
2629 2126; 03C9; Case map
2630 2128; 007A; Additional folding
2634 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 47]
2636 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2639 212A; 006B; Case map
2640 212B; 00E5; Case map
2641 212C; 0062; Additional folding
2642 212D; 0063; Additional folding
2643 2130; 0065; Additional folding
2644 2131; 0066; Additional folding
2645 2133; 006D; Additional folding
2646 213E; 03B3; Additional folding
2647 213F; 03C0; Additional folding
2648 2145; 0064; Additional folding
2649 2160; 2170; Case map
2650 2161; 2171; Case map
2651 2162; 2172; Case map
2652 2163; 2173; Case map
2653 2164; 2174; Case map
2654 2165; 2175; Case map
2655 2166; 2176; Case map
2656 2167; 2177; Case map
2657 2168; 2178; Case map
2658 2169; 2179; Case map
2659 216A; 217A; Case map
2660 216B; 217B; Case map
2661 216C; 217C; Case map
2662 216D; 217D; Case map
2663 216E; 217E; Case map
2664 216F; 217F; Case map
2665 24B6; 24D0; Case map
2666 24B7; 24D1; Case map
2667 24B8; 24D2; Case map
2668 24B9; 24D3; Case map
2669 24BA; 24D4; Case map
2670 24BB; 24D5; Case map
2671 24BC; 24D6; Case map
2672 24BD; 24D7; Case map
2673 24BE; 24D8; Case map
2674 24BF; 24D9; Case map
2675 24C0; 24DA; Case map
2676 24C1; 24DB; Case map
2677 24C2; 24DC; Case map
2678 24C3; 24DD; Case map
2679 24C4; 24DE; Case map
2680 24C5; 24DF; Case map
2681 24C6; 24E0; Case map
2682 24C7; 24E1; Case map
2683 24C8; 24E2; Case map
2684 24C9; 24E3; Case map
2685 24CA; 24E4; Case map
2686 24CB; 24E5; Case map
2690 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 48]
2692 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2695 24CC; 24E6; Case map
2696 24CD; 24E7; Case map
2697 24CE; 24E8; Case map
2698 24CF; 24E9; Case map
2699 3371; 0068 0070 0061; Additional folding
2700 3373; 0061 0075; Additional folding
2701 3375; 006F 0076; Additional folding
2702 3380; 0070 0061; Additional folding
2703 3381; 006E 0061; Additional folding
2704 3382; 03BC 0061; Additional folding
2705 3383; 006D 0061; Additional folding
2706 3384; 006B 0061; Additional folding
2707 3385; 006B 0062; Additional folding
2708 3386; 006D 0062; Additional folding
2709 3387; 0067 0062; Additional folding
2710 338A; 0070 0066; Additional folding
2711 338B; 006E 0066; Additional folding
2712 338C; 03BC 0066; Additional folding
2713 3390; 0068 007A; Additional folding
2714 3391; 006B 0068 007A; Additional folding
2715 3392; 006D 0068 007A; Additional folding
2716 3393; 0067 0068 007A; Additional folding
2717 3394; 0074 0068 007A; Additional folding
2718 33A9; 0070 0061; Additional folding
2719 33AA; 006B 0070 0061; Additional folding
2720 33AB; 006D 0070 0061; Additional folding
2721 33AC; 0067 0070 0061; Additional folding
2722 33B4; 0070 0076; Additional folding
2723 33B5; 006E 0076; Additional folding
2724 33B6; 03BC 0076; Additional folding
2725 33B7; 006D 0076; Additional folding
2726 33B8; 006B 0076; Additional folding
2727 33B9; 006D 0076; Additional folding
2728 33BA; 0070 0077; Additional folding
2729 33BB; 006E 0077; Additional folding
2730 33BC; 03BC 0077; Additional folding
2731 33BD; 006D 0077; Additional folding
2732 33BE; 006B 0077; Additional folding
2733 33BF; 006D 0077; Additional folding
2734 33C0; 006B 03C9; Additional folding
2735 33C1; 006D 03C9; Additional folding
2736 33C3; 0062 0071; Additional folding
2737 33C6; 0063 2215 006B 0067; Additional folding
2738 33C7; 0063 006F 002E; Additional folding
2739 33C8; 0064 0062; Additional folding
2740 33C9; 0067 0079; Additional folding
2741 33CB; 0068 0070; Additional folding
2742 33CD; 006B 006B; Additional folding
2746 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 49]
2748 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2751 33CE; 006B 006D; Additional folding
2752 33D7; 0070 0068; Additional folding
2753 33D9; 0070 0070 006D; Additional folding
2754 33DA; 0070 0072; Additional folding
2755 33DC; 0073 0076; Additional folding
2756 33DD; 0077 0062; Additional folding
2757 FB00; 0066 0066; Case map
2758 FB01; 0066 0069; Case map
2759 FB02; 0066 006C; Case map
2760 FB03; 0066 0066 0069; Case map
2761 FB04; 0066 0066 006C; Case map
2762 FB05; 0073 0074; Case map
2763 FB06; 0073 0074; Case map
2764 FB13; 0574 0576; Case map
2765 FB14; 0574 0565; Case map
2766 FB15; 0574 056B; Case map
2767 FB16; 057E 0576; Case map
2768 FB17; 0574 056D; Case map
2769 FF21; FF41; Case map
2770 FF22; FF42; Case map
2771 FF23; FF43; Case map
2772 FF24; FF44; Case map
2773 FF25; FF45; Case map
2774 FF26; FF46; Case map
2775 FF27; FF47; Case map
2776 FF28; FF48; Case map
2777 FF29; FF49; Case map
2778 FF2A; FF4A; Case map
2779 FF2B; FF4B; Case map
2780 FF2C; FF4C; Case map
2781 FF2D; FF4D; Case map
2782 FF2E; FF4E; Case map
2783 FF2F; FF4F; Case map
2784 FF30; FF50; Case map
2785 FF31; FF51; Case map
2786 FF32; FF52; Case map
2787 FF33; FF53; Case map
2788 FF34; FF54; Case map
2789 FF35; FF55; Case map
2790 FF36; FF56; Case map
2791 FF37; FF57; Case map
2792 FF38; FF58; Case map
2793 FF39; FF59; Case map
2794 FF3A; FF5A; Case map
2795 10400; 10428; Case map
2796 10401; 10429; Case map
2797 10402; 1042A; Case map
2798 10403; 1042B; Case map
2802 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 50]
2804 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2807 10404; 1042C; Case map
2808 10405; 1042D; Case map
2809 10406; 1042E; Case map
2810 10407; 1042F; Case map
2811 10408; 10430; Case map
2812 10409; 10431; Case map
2813 1040A; 10432; Case map
2814 1040B; 10433; Case map
2815 1040C; 10434; Case map
2816 1040D; 10435; Case map
2817 1040E; 10436; Case map
2818 1040F; 10437; Case map
2819 10410; 10438; Case map
2820 10411; 10439; Case map
2821 10412; 1043A; Case map
2822 10413; 1043B; Case map
2823 10414; 1043C; Case map
2824 10415; 1043D; Case map
2825 10416; 1043E; Case map
2826 10417; 1043F; Case map
2827 10418; 10440; Case map
2828 10419; 10441; Case map
2829 1041A; 10442; Case map
2830 1041B; 10443; Case map
2831 1041C; 10444; Case map
2832 1041D; 10445; Case map
2833 1041E; 10446; Case map
2834 1041F; 10447; Case map
2835 10420; 10448; Case map
2836 10421; 10449; Case map
2837 10422; 1044A; Case map
2838 10423; 1044B; Case map
2839 10424; 1044C; Case map
2840 10425; 1044D; Case map
2841 1D400; 0061; Additional folding
2842 1D401; 0062; Additional folding
2843 1D402; 0063; Additional folding
2844 1D403; 0064; Additional folding
2845 1D404; 0065; Additional folding
2846 1D405; 0066; Additional folding
2847 1D406; 0067; Additional folding
2848 1D407; 0068; Additional folding
2849 1D408; 0069; Additional folding
2850 1D409; 006A; Additional folding
2851 1D40A; 006B; Additional folding
2852 1D40B; 006C; Additional folding
2853 1D40C; 006D; Additional folding
2854 1D40D; 006E; Additional folding
2858 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 51]
2860 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2863 1D40E; 006F; Additional folding
2864 1D40F; 0070; Additional folding
2865 1D410; 0071; Additional folding
2866 1D411; 0072; Additional folding
2867 1D412; 0073; Additional folding
2868 1D413; 0074; Additional folding
2869 1D414; 0075; Additional folding
2870 1D415; 0076; Additional folding
2871 1D416; 0077; Additional folding
2872 1D417; 0078; Additional folding
2873 1D418; 0079; Additional folding
2874 1D419; 007A; Additional folding
2875 1D434; 0061; Additional folding
2876 1D435; 0062; Additional folding
2877 1D436; 0063; Additional folding
2878 1D437; 0064; Additional folding
2879 1D438; 0065; Additional folding
2880 1D439; 0066; Additional folding
2881 1D43A; 0067; Additional folding
2882 1D43B; 0068; Additional folding
2883 1D43C; 0069; Additional folding
2884 1D43D; 006A; Additional folding
2885 1D43E; 006B; Additional folding
2886 1D43F; 006C; Additional folding
2887 1D440; 006D; Additional folding
2888 1D441; 006E; Additional folding
2889 1D442; 006F; Additional folding
2890 1D443; 0070; Additional folding
2891 1D444; 0071; Additional folding
2892 1D445; 0072; Additional folding
2893 1D446; 0073; Additional folding
2894 1D447; 0074; Additional folding
2895 1D448; 0075; Additional folding
2896 1D449; 0076; Additional folding
2897 1D44A; 0077; Additional folding
2898 1D44B; 0078; Additional folding
2899 1D44C; 0079; Additional folding
2900 1D44D; 007A; Additional folding
2901 1D468; 0061; Additional folding
2902 1D469; 0062; Additional folding
2903 1D46A; 0063; Additional folding
2904 1D46B; 0064; Additional folding
2905 1D46C; 0065; Additional folding
2906 1D46D; 0066; Additional folding
2907 1D46E; 0067; Additional folding
2908 1D46F; 0068; Additional folding
2909 1D470; 0069; Additional folding
2910 1D471; 006A; Additional folding
2914 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 52]
2916 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2919 1D472; 006B; Additional folding
2920 1D473; 006C; Additional folding
2921 1D474; 006D; Additional folding
2922 1D475; 006E; Additional folding
2923 1D476; 006F; Additional folding
2924 1D477; 0070; Additional folding
2925 1D478; 0071; Additional folding
2926 1D479; 0072; Additional folding
2927 1D47A; 0073; Additional folding
2928 1D47B; 0074; Additional folding
2929 1D47C; 0075; Additional folding
2930 1D47D; 0076; Additional folding
2931 1D47E; 0077; Additional folding
2932 1D47F; 0078; Additional folding
2933 1D480; 0079; Additional folding
2934 1D481; 007A; Additional folding
2935 1D49C; 0061; Additional folding
2936 1D49E; 0063; Additional folding
2937 1D49F; 0064; Additional folding
2938 1D4A2; 0067; Additional folding
2939 1D4A5; 006A; Additional folding
2940 1D4A6; 006B; Additional folding
2941 1D4A9; 006E; Additional folding
2942 1D4AA; 006F; Additional folding
2943 1D4AB; 0070; Additional folding
2944 1D4AC; 0071; Additional folding
2945 1D4AE; 0073; Additional folding
2946 1D4AF; 0074; Additional folding
2947 1D4B0; 0075; Additional folding
2948 1D4B1; 0076; Additional folding
2949 1D4B2; 0077; Additional folding
2950 1D4B3; 0078; Additional folding
2951 1D4B4; 0079; Additional folding
2952 1D4B5; 007A; Additional folding
2953 1D4D0; 0061; Additional folding
2954 1D4D1; 0062; Additional folding
2955 1D4D2; 0063; Additional folding
2956 1D4D3; 0064; Additional folding
2957 1D4D4; 0065; Additional folding
2958 1D4D5; 0066; Additional folding
2959 1D4D6; 0067; Additional folding
2960 1D4D7; 0068; Additional folding
2961 1D4D8; 0069; Additional folding
2962 1D4D9; 006A; Additional folding
2963 1D4DA; 006B; Additional folding
2964 1D4DB; 006C; Additional folding
2965 1D4DC; 006D; Additional folding
2966 1D4DD; 006E; Additional folding
2970 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 53]
2972 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
2975 1D4DE; 006F; Additional folding
2976 1D4DF; 0070; Additional folding
2977 1D4E0; 0071; Additional folding
2978 1D4E1; 0072; Additional folding
2979 1D4E2; 0073; Additional folding
2980 1D4E3; 0074; Additional folding
2981 1D4E4; 0075; Additional folding
2982 1D4E5; 0076; Additional folding
2983 1D4E6; 0077; Additional folding
2984 1D4E7; 0078; Additional folding
2985 1D4E8; 0079; Additional folding
2986 1D4E9; 007A; Additional folding
2987 1D504; 0061; Additional folding
2988 1D505; 0062; Additional folding
2989 1D507; 0064; Additional folding
2990 1D508; 0065; Additional folding
2991 1D509; 0066; Additional folding
2992 1D50A; 0067; Additional folding
2993 1D50D; 006A; Additional folding
2994 1D50E; 006B; Additional folding
2995 1D50F; 006C; Additional folding
2996 1D510; 006D; Additional folding
2997 1D511; 006E; Additional folding
2998 1D512; 006F; Additional folding
2999 1D513; 0070; Additional folding
3000 1D514; 0071; Additional folding
3001 1D516; 0073; Additional folding
3002 1D517; 0074; Additional folding
3003 1D518; 0075; Additional folding
3004 1D519; 0076; Additional folding
3005 1D51A; 0077; Additional folding
3006 1D51B; 0078; Additional folding
3007 1D51C; 0079; Additional folding
3008 1D538; 0061; Additional folding
3009 1D539; 0062; Additional folding
3010 1D53B; 0064; Additional folding
3011 1D53C; 0065; Additional folding
3012 1D53D; 0066; Additional folding
3013 1D53E; 0067; Additional folding
3014 1D540; 0069; Additional folding
3015 1D541; 006A; Additional folding
3016 1D542; 006B; Additional folding
3017 1D543; 006C; Additional folding
3018 1D544; 006D; Additional folding
3019 1D546; 006F; Additional folding
3020 1D54A; 0073; Additional folding
3021 1D54B; 0074; Additional folding
3022 1D54C; 0075; Additional folding
3026 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 54]
3028 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3031 1D54D; 0076; Additional folding
3032 1D54E; 0077; Additional folding
3033 1D54F; 0078; Additional folding
3034 1D550; 0079; Additional folding
3035 1D56C; 0061; Additional folding
3036 1D56D; 0062; Additional folding
3037 1D56E; 0063; Additional folding
3038 1D56F; 0064; Additional folding
3039 1D570; 0065; Additional folding
3040 1D571; 0066; Additional folding
3041 1D572; 0067; Additional folding
3042 1D573; 0068; Additional folding
3043 1D574; 0069; Additional folding
3044 1D575; 006A; Additional folding
3045 1D576; 006B; Additional folding
3046 1D577; 006C; Additional folding
3047 1D578; 006D; Additional folding
3048 1D579; 006E; Additional folding
3049 1D57A; 006F; Additional folding
3050 1D57B; 0070; Additional folding
3051 1D57C; 0071; Additional folding
3052 1D57D; 0072; Additional folding
3053 1D57E; 0073; Additional folding
3054 1D57F; 0074; Additional folding
3055 1D580; 0075; Additional folding
3056 1D581; 0076; Additional folding
3057 1D582; 0077; Additional folding
3058 1D583; 0078; Additional folding
3059 1D584; 0079; Additional folding
3060 1D585; 007A; Additional folding
3061 1D5A0; 0061; Additional folding
3062 1D5A1; 0062; Additional folding
3063 1D5A2; 0063; Additional folding
3064 1D5A3; 0064; Additional folding
3065 1D5A4; 0065; Additional folding
3066 1D5A5; 0066; Additional folding
3067 1D5A6; 0067; Additional folding
3068 1D5A7; 0068; Additional folding
3069 1D5A8; 0069; Additional folding
3070 1D5A9; 006A; Additional folding
3071 1D5AA; 006B; Additional folding
3072 1D5AB; 006C; Additional folding
3073 1D5AC; 006D; Additional folding
3074 1D5AD; 006E; Additional folding
3075 1D5AE; 006F; Additional folding
3076 1D5AF; 0070; Additional folding
3077 1D5B0; 0071; Additional folding
3078 1D5B1; 0072; Additional folding
3082 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 55]
3084 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3087 1D5B2; 0073; Additional folding
3088 1D5B3; 0074; Additional folding
3089 1D5B4; 0075; Additional folding
3090 1D5B5; 0076; Additional folding
3091 1D5B6; 0077; Additional folding
3092 1D5B7; 0078; Additional folding
3093 1D5B8; 0079; Additional folding
3094 1D5B9; 007A; Additional folding
3095 1D5D4; 0061; Additional folding
3096 1D5D5; 0062; Additional folding
3097 1D5D6; 0063; Additional folding
3098 1D5D7; 0064; Additional folding
3099 1D5D8; 0065; Additional folding
3100 1D5D9; 0066; Additional folding
3101 1D5DA; 0067; Additional folding
3102 1D5DB; 0068; Additional folding
3103 1D5DC; 0069; Additional folding
3104 1D5DD; 006A; Additional folding
3105 1D5DE; 006B; Additional folding
3106 1D5DF; 006C; Additional folding
3107 1D5E0; 006D; Additional folding
3108 1D5E1; 006E; Additional folding
3109 1D5E2; 006F; Additional folding
3110 1D5E3; 0070; Additional folding
3111 1D5E4; 0071; Additional folding
3112 1D5E5; 0072; Additional folding
3113 1D5E6; 0073; Additional folding
3114 1D5E7; 0074; Additional folding
3115 1D5E8; 0075; Additional folding
3116 1D5E9; 0076; Additional folding
3117 1D5EA; 0077; Additional folding
3118 1D5EB; 0078; Additional folding
3119 1D5EC; 0079; Additional folding
3120 1D5ED; 007A; Additional folding
3121 1D608; 0061; Additional folding
3122 1D609; 0062; Additional folding
3123 1D60A; 0063; Additional folding
3124 1D60B; 0064; Additional folding
3125 1D60C; 0065; Additional folding
3126 1D60D; 0066; Additional folding
3127 1D60E; 0067; Additional folding
3128 1D60F; 0068; Additional folding
3129 1D610; 0069; Additional folding
3130 1D611; 006A; Additional folding
3131 1D612; 006B; Additional folding
3132 1D613; 006C; Additional folding
3133 1D614; 006D; Additional folding
3134 1D615; 006E; Additional folding
3138 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 56]
3140 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3143 1D616; 006F; Additional folding
3144 1D617; 0070; Additional folding
3145 1D618; 0071; Additional folding
3146 1D619; 0072; Additional folding
3147 1D61A; 0073; Additional folding
3148 1D61B; 0074; Additional folding
3149 1D61C; 0075; Additional folding
3150 1D61D; 0076; Additional folding
3151 1D61E; 0077; Additional folding
3152 1D61F; 0078; Additional folding
3153 1D620; 0079; Additional folding
3154 1D621; 007A; Additional folding
3155 1D63C; 0061; Additional folding
3156 1D63D; 0062; Additional folding
3157 1D63E; 0063; Additional folding
3158 1D63F; 0064; Additional folding
3159 1D640; 0065; Additional folding
3160 1D641; 0066; Additional folding
3161 1D642; 0067; Additional folding
3162 1D643; 0068; Additional folding
3163 1D644; 0069; Additional folding
3164 1D645; 006A; Additional folding
3165 1D646; 006B; Additional folding
3166 1D647; 006C; Additional folding
3167 1D648; 006D; Additional folding
3168 1D649; 006E; Additional folding
3169 1D64A; 006F; Additional folding
3170 1D64B; 0070; Additional folding
3171 1D64C; 0071; Additional folding
3172 1D64D; 0072; Additional folding
3173 1D64E; 0073; Additional folding
3174 1D64F; 0074; Additional folding
3175 1D650; 0075; Additional folding
3176 1D651; 0076; Additional folding
3177 1D652; 0077; Additional folding
3178 1D653; 0078; Additional folding
3179 1D654; 0079; Additional folding
3180 1D655; 007A; Additional folding
3181 1D670; 0061; Additional folding
3182 1D671; 0062; Additional folding
3183 1D672; 0063; Additional folding
3184 1D673; 0064; Additional folding
3185 1D674; 0065; Additional folding
3186 1D675; 0066; Additional folding
3187 1D676; 0067; Additional folding
3188 1D677; 0068; Additional folding
3189 1D678; 0069; Additional folding
3190 1D679; 006A; Additional folding
3194 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 57]
3196 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3199 1D67A; 006B; Additional folding
3200 1D67B; 006C; Additional folding
3201 1D67C; 006D; Additional folding
3202 1D67D; 006E; Additional folding
3203 1D67E; 006F; Additional folding
3204 1D67F; 0070; Additional folding
3205 1D680; 0071; Additional folding
3206 1D681; 0072; Additional folding
3207 1D682; 0073; Additional folding
3208 1D683; 0074; Additional folding
3209 1D684; 0075; Additional folding
3210 1D685; 0076; Additional folding
3211 1D686; 0077; Additional folding
3212 1D687; 0078; Additional folding
3213 1D688; 0079; Additional folding
3214 1D689; 007A; Additional folding
3215 1D6A8; 03B1; Additional folding
3216 1D6A9; 03B2; Additional folding
3217 1D6AA; 03B3; Additional folding
3218 1D6AB; 03B4; Additional folding
3219 1D6AC; 03B5; Additional folding
3220 1D6AD; 03B6; Additional folding
3221 1D6AE; 03B7; Additional folding
3222 1D6AF; 03B8; Additional folding
3223 1D6B0; 03B9; Additional folding
3224 1D6B1; 03BA; Additional folding
3225 1D6B2; 03BB; Additional folding
3226 1D6B3; 03BC; Additional folding
3227 1D6B4; 03BD; Additional folding
3228 1D6B5; 03BE; Additional folding
3229 1D6B6; 03BF; Additional folding
3230 1D6B7; 03C0; Additional folding
3231 1D6B8; 03C1; Additional folding
3232 1D6B9; 03B8; Additional folding
3233 1D6BA; 03C3; Additional folding
3234 1D6BB; 03C4; Additional folding
3235 1D6BC; 03C5; Additional folding
3236 1D6BD; 03C6; Additional folding
3237 1D6BE; 03C7; Additional folding
3238 1D6BF; 03C8; Additional folding
3239 1D6C0; 03C9; Additional folding
3240 1D6D3; 03C3; Additional folding
3241 1D6E2; 03B1; Additional folding
3242 1D6E3; 03B2; Additional folding
3243 1D6E4; 03B3; Additional folding
3244 1D6E5; 03B4; Additional folding
3245 1D6E6; 03B5; Additional folding
3246 1D6E7; 03B6; Additional folding
3250 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 58]
3252 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3255 1D6E8; 03B7; Additional folding
3256 1D6E9; 03B8; Additional folding
3257 1D6EA; 03B9; Additional folding
3258 1D6EB; 03BA; Additional folding
3259 1D6EC; 03BB; Additional folding
3260 1D6ED; 03BC; Additional folding
3261 1D6EE; 03BD; Additional folding
3262 1D6EF; 03BE; Additional folding
3263 1D6F0; 03BF; Additional folding
3264 1D6F1; 03C0; Additional folding
3265 1D6F2; 03C1; Additional folding
3266 1D6F3; 03B8; Additional folding
3267 1D6F4; 03C3; Additional folding
3268 1D6F5; 03C4; Additional folding
3269 1D6F6; 03C5; Additional folding
3270 1D6F7; 03C6; Additional folding
3271 1D6F8; 03C7; Additional folding
3272 1D6F9; 03C8; Additional folding
3273 1D6FA; 03C9; Additional folding
3274 1D70D; 03C3; Additional folding
3275 1D71C; 03B1; Additional folding
3276 1D71D; 03B2; Additional folding
3277 1D71E; 03B3; Additional folding
3278 1D71F; 03B4; Additional folding
3279 1D720; 03B5; Additional folding
3280 1D721; 03B6; Additional folding
3281 1D722; 03B7; Additional folding
3282 1D723; 03B8; Additional folding
3283 1D724; 03B9; Additional folding
3284 1D725; 03BA; Additional folding
3285 1D726; 03BB; Additional folding
3286 1D727; 03BC; Additional folding
3287 1D728; 03BD; Additional folding
3288 1D729; 03BE; Additional folding
3289 1D72A; 03BF; Additional folding
3290 1D72B; 03C0; Additional folding
3291 1D72C; 03C1; Additional folding
3292 1D72D; 03B8; Additional folding
3293 1D72E; 03C3; Additional folding
3294 1D72F; 03C4; Additional folding
3295 1D730; 03C5; Additional folding
3296 1D731; 03C6; Additional folding
3297 1D732; 03C7; Additional folding
3298 1D733; 03C8; Additional folding
3299 1D734; 03C9; Additional folding
3300 1D747; 03C3; Additional folding
3301 1D756; 03B1; Additional folding
3302 1D757; 03B2; Additional folding
3306 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 59]
3308 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3311 1D758; 03B3; Additional folding
3312 1D759; 03B4; Additional folding
3313 1D75A; 03B5; Additional folding
3314 1D75B; 03B6; Additional folding
3315 1D75C; 03B7; Additional folding
3316 1D75D; 03B8; Additional folding
3317 1D75E; 03B9; Additional folding
3318 1D75F; 03BA; Additional folding
3319 1D760; 03BB; Additional folding
3320 1D761; 03BC; Additional folding
3321 1D762; 03BD; Additional folding
3322 1D763; 03BE; Additional folding
3323 1D764; 03BF; Additional folding
3324 1D765; 03C0; Additional folding
3325 1D766; 03C1; Additional folding
3326 1D767; 03B8; Additional folding
3327 1D768; 03C3; Additional folding
3328 1D769; 03C4; Additional folding
3329 1D76A; 03C5; Additional folding
3330 1D76B; 03C6; Additional folding
3331 1D76C; 03C7; Additional folding
3332 1D76D; 03C8; Additional folding
3333 1D76E; 03C9; Additional folding
3334 1D781; 03C3; Additional folding
3335 1D790; 03B1; Additional folding
3336 1D791; 03B2; Additional folding
3337 1D792; 03B3; Additional folding
3338 1D793; 03B4; Additional folding
3339 1D794; 03B5; Additional folding
3340 1D795; 03B6; Additional folding
3341 1D796; 03B7; Additional folding
3342 1D797; 03B8; Additional folding
3343 1D798; 03B9; Additional folding
3344 1D799; 03BA; Additional folding
3345 1D79A; 03BB; Additional folding
3346 1D79B; 03BC; Additional folding
3347 1D79C; 03BD; Additional folding
3348 1D79D; 03BE; Additional folding
3349 1D79E; 03BF; Additional folding
3350 1D79F; 03C0; Additional folding
3351 1D7A0; 03C1; Additional folding
3352 1D7A1; 03B8; Additional folding
3353 1D7A2; 03C3; Additional folding
3354 1D7A3; 03C4; Additional folding
3355 1D7A4; 03C5; Additional folding
3356 1D7A5; 03C6; Additional folding
3357 1D7A6; 03C7; Additional folding
3358 1D7A7; 03C8; Additional folding
3362 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 60]
3364 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3367 1D7A8; 03C9; Additional folding
3368 1D7BB; 03C3; Additional folding
3369 ----- End Table B.2 -----
3371 B.3 Mapping for case-folding used with no normalization
3373 ----- Start Table B.3 -----
3374 0041; 0061; Case map
3375 0042; 0062; Case map
3376 0043; 0063; Case map
3377 0044; 0064; Case map
3378 0045; 0065; Case map
3379 0046; 0066; Case map
3380 0047; 0067; Case map
3381 0048; 0068; Case map
3382 0049; 0069; Case map
3383 004A; 006A; Case map
3384 004B; 006B; Case map
3385 004C; 006C; Case map
3386 004D; 006D; Case map
3387 004E; 006E; Case map
3388 004F; 006F; Case map
3389 0050; 0070; Case map
3390 0051; 0071; Case map
3391 0052; 0072; Case map
3392 0053; 0073; Case map
3393 0054; 0074; Case map
3394 0055; 0075; Case map
3395 0056; 0076; Case map
3396 0057; 0077; Case map
3397 0058; 0078; Case map
3398 0059; 0079; Case map
3399 005A; 007A; Case map
3400 00B5; 03BC; Case map
3401 00C0; 00E0; Case map
3402 00C1; 00E1; Case map
3403 00C2; 00E2; Case map
3404 00C3; 00E3; Case map
3405 00C4; 00E4; Case map
3406 00C5; 00E5; Case map
3407 00C6; 00E6; Case map
3408 00C7; 00E7; Case map
3409 00C8; 00E8; Case map
3410 00C9; 00E9; Case map
3411 00CA; 00EA; Case map
3412 00CB; 00EB; Case map
3413 00CC; 00EC; Case map
3414 00CD; 00ED; Case map
3418 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 61]
3420 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3423 00CE; 00EE; Case map
3424 00CF; 00EF; Case map
3425 00D0; 00F0; Case map
3426 00D1; 00F1; Case map
3427 00D2; 00F2; Case map
3428 00D3; 00F3; Case map
3429 00D4; 00F4; Case map
3430 00D5; 00F5; Case map
3431 00D6; 00F6; Case map
3432 00D8; 00F8; Case map
3433 00D9; 00F9; Case map
3434 00DA; 00FA; Case map
3435 00DB; 00FB; Case map
3436 00DC; 00FC; Case map
3437 00DD; 00FD; Case map
3438 00DE; 00FE; Case map
3439 00DF; 0073 0073; Case map
3440 0100; 0101; Case map
3441 0102; 0103; Case map
3442 0104; 0105; Case map
3443 0106; 0107; Case map
3444 0108; 0109; Case map
3445 010A; 010B; Case map
3446 010C; 010D; Case map
3447 010E; 010F; Case map
3448 0110; 0111; Case map
3449 0112; 0113; Case map
3450 0114; 0115; Case map
3451 0116; 0117; Case map
3452 0118; 0119; Case map
3453 011A; 011B; Case map
3454 011C; 011D; Case map
3455 011E; 011F; Case map
3456 0120; 0121; Case map
3457 0122; 0123; Case map
3458 0124; 0125; Case map
3459 0126; 0127; Case map
3460 0128; 0129; Case map
3461 012A; 012B; Case map
3462 012C; 012D; Case map
3463 012E; 012F; Case map
3464 0130; 0069 0307; Case map
3465 0132; 0133; Case map
3466 0134; 0135; Case map
3467 0136; 0137; Case map
3468 0139; 013A; Case map
3469 013B; 013C; Case map
3470 013D; 013E; Case map
3474 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 62]
3476 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3479 013F; 0140; Case map
3480 0141; 0142; Case map
3481 0143; 0144; Case map
3482 0145; 0146; Case map
3483 0147; 0148; Case map
3484 0149; 02BC 006E; Case map
3485 014A; 014B; Case map
3486 014C; 014D; Case map
3487 014E; 014F; Case map
3488 0150; 0151; Case map
3489 0152; 0153; Case map
3490 0154; 0155; Case map
3491 0156; 0157; Case map
3492 0158; 0159; Case map
3493 015A; 015B; Case map
3494 015C; 015D; Case map
3495 015E; 015F; Case map
3496 0160; 0161; Case map
3497 0162; 0163; Case map
3498 0164; 0165; Case map
3499 0166; 0167; Case map
3500 0168; 0169; Case map
3501 016A; 016B; Case map
3502 016C; 016D; Case map
3503 016E; 016F; Case map
3504 0170; 0171; Case map
3505 0172; 0173; Case map
3506 0174; 0175; Case map
3507 0176; 0177; Case map
3508 0178; 00FF; Case map
3509 0179; 017A; Case map
3510 017B; 017C; Case map
3511 017D; 017E; Case map
3512 017F; 0073; Case map
3513 0181; 0253; Case map
3514 0182; 0183; Case map
3515 0184; 0185; Case map
3516 0186; 0254; Case map
3517 0187; 0188; Case map
3518 0189; 0256; Case map
3519 018A; 0257; Case map
3520 018B; 018C; Case map
3521 018E; 01DD; Case map
3522 018F; 0259; Case map
3523 0190; 025B; Case map
3524 0191; 0192; Case map
3525 0193; 0260; Case map
3526 0194; 0263; Case map
3530 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 63]
3532 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3535 0196; 0269; Case map
3536 0197; 0268; Case map
3537 0198; 0199; Case map
3538 019C; 026F; Case map
3539 019D; 0272; Case map
3540 019F; 0275; Case map
3541 01A0; 01A1; Case map
3542 01A2; 01A3; Case map
3543 01A4; 01A5; Case map
3544 01A6; 0280; Case map
3545 01A7; 01A8; Case map
3546 01A9; 0283; Case map
3547 01AC; 01AD; Case map
3548 01AE; 0288; Case map
3549 01AF; 01B0; Case map
3550 01B1; 028A; Case map
3551 01B2; 028B; Case map
3552 01B3; 01B4; Case map
3553 01B5; 01B6; Case map
3554 01B7; 0292; Case map
3555 01B8; 01B9; Case map
3556 01BC; 01BD; Case map
3557 01C4; 01C6; Case map
3558 01C5; 01C6; Case map
3559 01C7; 01C9; Case map
3560 01C8; 01C9; Case map
3561 01CA; 01CC; Case map
3562 01CB; 01CC; Case map
3563 01CD; 01CE; Case map
3564 01CF; 01D0; Case map
3565 01D1; 01D2; Case map
3566 01D3; 01D4; Case map
3567 01D5; 01D6; Case map
3568 01D7; 01D8; Case map
3569 01D9; 01DA; Case map
3570 01DB; 01DC; Case map
3571 01DE; 01DF; Case map
3572 01E0; 01E1; Case map
3573 01E2; 01E3; Case map
3574 01E4; 01E5; Case map
3575 01E6; 01E7; Case map
3576 01E8; 01E9; Case map
3577 01EA; 01EB; Case map
3578 01EC; 01ED; Case map
3579 01EE; 01EF; Case map
3580 01F0; 006A 030C; Case map
3581 01F1; 01F3; Case map
3582 01F2; 01F3; Case map
3586 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 64]
3588 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3591 01F4; 01F5; Case map
3592 01F6; 0195; Case map
3593 01F7; 01BF; Case map
3594 01F8; 01F9; Case map
3595 01FA; 01FB; Case map
3596 01FC; 01FD; Case map
3597 01FE; 01FF; Case map
3598 0200; 0201; Case map
3599 0202; 0203; Case map
3600 0204; 0205; Case map
3601 0206; 0207; Case map
3602 0208; 0209; Case map
3603 020A; 020B; Case map
3604 020C; 020D; Case map
3605 020E; 020F; Case map
3606 0210; 0211; Case map
3607 0212; 0213; Case map
3608 0214; 0215; Case map
3609 0216; 0217; Case map
3610 0218; 0219; Case map
3611 021A; 021B; Case map
3612 021C; 021D; Case map
3613 021E; 021F; Case map
3614 0220; 019E; Case map
3615 0222; 0223; Case map
3616 0224; 0225; Case map
3617 0226; 0227; Case map
3618 0228; 0229; Case map
3619 022A; 022B; Case map
3620 022C; 022D; Case map
3621 022E; 022F; Case map
3622 0230; 0231; Case map
3623 0232; 0233; Case map
3624 0345; 03B9; Case map
3625 0386; 03AC; Case map
3626 0388; 03AD; Case map
3627 0389; 03AE; Case map
3628 038A; 03AF; Case map
3629 038C; 03CC; Case map
3630 038E; 03CD; Case map
3631 038F; 03CE; Case map
3632 0390; 03B9 0308 0301; Case map
3633 0391; 03B1; Case map
3634 0392; 03B2; Case map
3635 0393; 03B3; Case map
3636 0394; 03B4; Case map
3637 0395; 03B5; Case map
3638 0396; 03B6; Case map
3642 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 65]
3644 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3647 0397; 03B7; Case map
3648 0398; 03B8; Case map
3649 0399; 03B9; Case map
3650 039A; 03BA; Case map
3651 039B; 03BB; Case map
3652 039C; 03BC; Case map
3653 039D; 03BD; Case map
3654 039E; 03BE; Case map
3655 039F; 03BF; Case map
3656 03A0; 03C0; Case map
3657 03A1; 03C1; Case map
3658 03A3; 03C3; Case map
3659 03A4; 03C4; Case map
3660 03A5; 03C5; Case map
3661 03A6; 03C6; Case map
3662 03A7; 03C7; Case map
3663 03A8; 03C8; Case map
3664 03A9; 03C9; Case map
3665 03AA; 03CA; Case map
3666 03AB; 03CB; Case map
3667 03B0; 03C5 0308 0301; Case map
3668 03C2; 03C3; Case map
3669 03D0; 03B2; Case map
3670 03D1; 03B8; Case map
3671 03D5; 03C6; Case map
3672 03D6; 03C0; Case map
3673 03D8; 03D9; Case map
3674 03DA; 03DB; Case map
3675 03DC; 03DD; Case map
3676 03DE; 03DF; Case map
3677 03E0; 03E1; Case map
3678 03E2; 03E3; Case map
3679 03E4; 03E5; Case map
3680 03E6; 03E7; Case map
3681 03E8; 03E9; Case map
3682 03EA; 03EB; Case map
3683 03EC; 03ED; Case map
3684 03EE; 03EF; Case map
3685 03F0; 03BA; Case map
3686 03F1; 03C1; Case map
3687 03F2; 03C3; Case map
3688 03F4; 03B8; Case map
3689 03F5; 03B5; Case map
3690 0400; 0450; Case map
3691 0401; 0451; Case map
3692 0402; 0452; Case map
3693 0403; 0453; Case map
3694 0404; 0454; Case map
3698 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 66]
3700 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3703 0405; 0455; Case map
3704 0406; 0456; Case map
3705 0407; 0457; Case map
3706 0408; 0458; Case map
3707 0409; 0459; Case map
3708 040A; 045A; Case map
3709 040B; 045B; Case map
3710 040C; 045C; Case map
3711 040D; 045D; Case map
3712 040E; 045E; Case map
3713 040F; 045F; Case map
3714 0410; 0430; Case map
3715 0411; 0431; Case map
3716 0412; 0432; Case map
3717 0413; 0433; Case map
3718 0414; 0434; Case map
3719 0415; 0435; Case map
3720 0416; 0436; Case map
3721 0417; 0437; Case map
3722 0418; 0438; Case map
3723 0419; 0439; Case map
3724 041A; 043A; Case map
3725 041B; 043B; Case map
3726 041C; 043C; Case map
3727 041D; 043D; Case map
3728 041E; 043E; Case map
3729 041F; 043F; Case map
3730 0420; 0440; Case map
3731 0421; 0441; Case map
3732 0422; 0442; Case map
3733 0423; 0443; Case map
3734 0424; 0444; Case map
3735 0425; 0445; Case map
3736 0426; 0446; Case map
3737 0427; 0447; Case map
3738 0428; 0448; Case map
3739 0429; 0449; Case map
3740 042A; 044A; Case map
3741 042B; 044B; Case map
3742 042C; 044C; Case map
3743 042D; 044D; Case map
3744 042E; 044E; Case map
3745 042F; 044F; Case map
3746 0460; 0461; Case map
3747 0462; 0463; Case map
3748 0464; 0465; Case map
3749 0466; 0467; Case map
3750 0468; 0469; Case map
3754 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 67]
3756 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3759 046A; 046B; Case map
3760 046C; 046D; Case map
3761 046E; 046F; Case map
3762 0470; 0471; Case map
3763 0472; 0473; Case map
3764 0474; 0475; Case map
3765 0476; 0477; Case map
3766 0478; 0479; Case map
3767 047A; 047B; Case map
3768 047C; 047D; Case map
3769 047E; 047F; Case map
3770 0480; 0481; Case map
3771 048A; 048B; Case map
3772 048C; 048D; Case map
3773 048E; 048F; Case map
3774 0490; 0491; Case map
3775 0492; 0493; Case map
3776 0494; 0495; Case map
3777 0496; 0497; Case map
3778 0498; 0499; Case map
3779 049A; 049B; Case map
3780 049C; 049D; Case map
3781 049E; 049F; Case map
3782 04A0; 04A1; Case map
3783 04A2; 04A3; Case map
3784 04A4; 04A5; Case map
3785 04A6; 04A7; Case map
3786 04A8; 04A9; Case map
3787 04AA; 04AB; Case map
3788 04AC; 04AD; Case map
3789 04AE; 04AF; Case map
3790 04B0; 04B1; Case map
3791 04B2; 04B3; Case map
3792 04B4; 04B5; Case map
3793 04B6; 04B7; Case map
3794 04B8; 04B9; Case map
3795 04BA; 04BB; Case map
3796 04BC; 04BD; Case map
3797 04BE; 04BF; Case map
3798 04C1; 04C2; Case map
3799 04C3; 04C4; Case map
3800 04C5; 04C6; Case map
3801 04C7; 04C8; Case map
3802 04C9; 04CA; Case map
3803 04CB; 04CC; Case map
3804 04CD; 04CE; Case map
3805 04D0; 04D1; Case map
3806 04D2; 04D3; Case map
3810 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 68]
3812 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3815 04D4; 04D5; Case map
3816 04D6; 04D7; Case map
3817 04D8; 04D9; Case map
3818 04DA; 04DB; Case map
3819 04DC; 04DD; Case map
3820 04DE; 04DF; Case map
3821 04E0; 04E1; Case map
3822 04E2; 04E3; Case map
3823 04E4; 04E5; Case map
3824 04E6; 04E7; Case map
3825 04E8; 04E9; Case map
3826 04EA; 04EB; Case map
3827 04EC; 04ED; Case map
3828 04EE; 04EF; Case map
3829 04F0; 04F1; Case map
3830 04F2; 04F3; Case map
3831 04F4; 04F5; Case map
3832 04F8; 04F9; Case map
3833 0500; 0501; Case map
3834 0502; 0503; Case map
3835 0504; 0505; Case map
3836 0506; 0507; Case map
3837 0508; 0509; Case map
3838 050A; 050B; Case map
3839 050C; 050D; Case map
3840 050E; 050F; Case map
3841 0531; 0561; Case map
3842 0532; 0562; Case map
3843 0533; 0563; Case map
3844 0534; 0564; Case map
3845 0535; 0565; Case map
3846 0536; 0566; Case map
3847 0537; 0567; Case map
3848 0538; 0568; Case map
3849 0539; 0569; Case map
3850 053A; 056A; Case map
3851 053B; 056B; Case map
3852 053C; 056C; Case map
3853 053D; 056D; Case map
3854 053E; 056E; Case map
3855 053F; 056F; Case map
3856 0540; 0570; Case map
3857 0541; 0571; Case map
3858 0542; 0572; Case map
3859 0543; 0573; Case map
3860 0544; 0574; Case map
3861 0545; 0575; Case map
3862 0546; 0576; Case map
3866 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 69]
3868 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3871 0547; 0577; Case map
3872 0548; 0578; Case map
3873 0549; 0579; Case map
3874 054A; 057A; Case map
3875 054B; 057B; Case map
3876 054C; 057C; Case map
3877 054D; 057D; Case map
3878 054E; 057E; Case map
3879 054F; 057F; Case map
3880 0550; 0580; Case map
3881 0551; 0581; Case map
3882 0552; 0582; Case map
3883 0553; 0583; Case map
3884 0554; 0584; Case map
3885 0555; 0585; Case map
3886 0556; 0586; Case map
3887 0587; 0565 0582; Case map
3888 1E00; 1E01; Case map
3889 1E02; 1E03; Case map
3890 1E04; 1E05; Case map
3891 1E06; 1E07; Case map
3892 1E08; 1E09; Case map
3893 1E0A; 1E0B; Case map
3894 1E0C; 1E0D; Case map
3895 1E0E; 1E0F; Case map
3896 1E10; 1E11; Case map
3897 1E12; 1E13; Case map
3898 1E14; 1E15; Case map
3899 1E16; 1E17; Case map
3900 1E18; 1E19; Case map
3901 1E1A; 1E1B; Case map
3902 1E1C; 1E1D; Case map
3903 1E1E; 1E1F; Case map
3904 1E20; 1E21; Case map
3905 1E22; 1E23; Case map
3906 1E24; 1E25; Case map
3907 1E26; 1E27; Case map
3908 1E28; 1E29; Case map
3909 1E2A; 1E2B; Case map
3910 1E2C; 1E2D; Case map
3911 1E2E; 1E2F; Case map
3912 1E30; 1E31; Case map
3913 1E32; 1E33; Case map
3914 1E34; 1E35; Case map
3915 1E36; 1E37; Case map
3916 1E38; 1E39; Case map
3917 1E3A; 1E3B; Case map
3918 1E3C; 1E3D; Case map
3922 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 70]
3924 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3927 1E3E; 1E3F; Case map
3928 1E40; 1E41; Case map
3929 1E42; 1E43; Case map
3930 1E44; 1E45; Case map
3931 1E46; 1E47; Case map
3932 1E48; 1E49; Case map
3933 1E4A; 1E4B; Case map
3934 1E4C; 1E4D; Case map
3935 1E4E; 1E4F; Case map
3936 1E50; 1E51; Case map
3937 1E52; 1E53; Case map
3938 1E54; 1E55; Case map
3939 1E56; 1E57; Case map
3940 1E58; 1E59; Case map
3941 1E5A; 1E5B; Case map
3942 1E5C; 1E5D; Case map
3943 1E5E; 1E5F; Case map
3944 1E60; 1E61; Case map
3945 1E62; 1E63; Case map
3946 1E64; 1E65; Case map
3947 1E66; 1E67; Case map
3948 1E68; 1E69; Case map
3949 1E6A; 1E6B; Case map
3950 1E6C; 1E6D; Case map
3951 1E6E; 1E6F; Case map
3952 1E70; 1E71; Case map
3953 1E72; 1E73; Case map
3954 1E74; 1E75; Case map
3955 1E76; 1E77; Case map
3956 1E78; 1E79; Case map
3957 1E7A; 1E7B; Case map
3958 1E7C; 1E7D; Case map
3959 1E7E; 1E7F; Case map
3960 1E80; 1E81; Case map
3961 1E82; 1E83; Case map
3962 1E84; 1E85; Case map
3963 1E86; 1E87; Case map
3964 1E88; 1E89; Case map
3965 1E8A; 1E8B; Case map
3966 1E8C; 1E8D; Case map
3967 1E8E; 1E8F; Case map
3968 1E90; 1E91; Case map
3969 1E92; 1E93; Case map
3970 1E94; 1E95; Case map
3971 1E96; 0068 0331; Case map
3972 1E97; 0074 0308; Case map
3973 1E98; 0077 030A; Case map
3974 1E99; 0079 030A; Case map
3978 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 71]
3980 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
3983 1E9A; 0061 02BE; Case map
3984 1E9B; 1E61; Case map
3985 1EA0; 1EA1; Case map
3986 1EA2; 1EA3; Case map
3987 1EA4; 1EA5; Case map
3988 1EA6; 1EA7; Case map
3989 1EA8; 1EA9; Case map
3990 1EAA; 1EAB; Case map
3991 1EAC; 1EAD; Case map
3992 1EAE; 1EAF; Case map
3993 1EB0; 1EB1; Case map
3994 1EB2; 1EB3; Case map
3995 1EB4; 1EB5; Case map
3996 1EB6; 1EB7; Case map
3997 1EB8; 1EB9; Case map
3998 1EBA; 1EBB; Case map
3999 1EBC; 1EBD; Case map
4000 1EBE; 1EBF; Case map
4001 1EC0; 1EC1; Case map
4002 1EC2; 1EC3; Case map
4003 1EC4; 1EC5; Case map
4004 1EC6; 1EC7; Case map
4005 1EC8; 1EC9; Case map
4006 1ECA; 1ECB; Case map
4007 1ECC; 1ECD; Case map
4008 1ECE; 1ECF; Case map
4009 1ED0; 1ED1; Case map
4010 1ED2; 1ED3; Case map
4011 1ED4; 1ED5; Case map
4012 1ED6; 1ED7; Case map
4013 1ED8; 1ED9; Case map
4014 1EDA; 1EDB; Case map
4015 1EDC; 1EDD; Case map
4016 1EDE; 1EDF; Case map
4017 1EE0; 1EE1; Case map
4018 1EE2; 1EE3; Case map
4019 1EE4; 1EE5; Case map
4020 1EE6; 1EE7; Case map
4021 1EE8; 1EE9; Case map
4022 1EEA; 1EEB; Case map
4023 1EEC; 1EED; Case map
4024 1EEE; 1EEF; Case map
4025 1EF0; 1EF1; Case map
4026 1EF2; 1EF3; Case map
4027 1EF4; 1EF5; Case map
4028 1EF6; 1EF7; Case map
4029 1EF8; 1EF9; Case map
4030 1F08; 1F00; Case map
4034 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 72]
4036 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4039 1F09; 1F01; Case map
4040 1F0A; 1F02; Case map
4041 1F0B; 1F03; Case map
4042 1F0C; 1F04; Case map
4043 1F0D; 1F05; Case map
4044 1F0E; 1F06; Case map
4045 1F0F; 1F07; Case map
4046 1F18; 1F10; Case map
4047 1F19; 1F11; Case map
4048 1F1A; 1F12; Case map
4049 1F1B; 1F13; Case map
4050 1F1C; 1F14; Case map
4051 1F1D; 1F15; Case map
4052 1F28; 1F20; Case map
4053 1F29; 1F21; Case map
4054 1F2A; 1F22; Case map
4055 1F2B; 1F23; Case map
4056 1F2C; 1F24; Case map
4057 1F2D; 1F25; Case map
4058 1F2E; 1F26; Case map
4059 1F2F; 1F27; Case map
4060 1F38; 1F30; Case map
4061 1F39; 1F31; Case map
4062 1F3A; 1F32; Case map
4063 1F3B; 1F33; Case map
4064 1F3C; 1F34; Case map
4065 1F3D; 1F35; Case map
4066 1F3E; 1F36; Case map
4067 1F3F; 1F37; Case map
4068 1F48; 1F40; Case map
4069 1F49; 1F41; Case map
4070 1F4A; 1F42; Case map
4071 1F4B; 1F43; Case map
4072 1F4C; 1F44; Case map
4073 1F4D; 1F45; Case map
4074 1F50; 03C5 0313; Case map
4075 1F52; 03C5 0313 0300; Case map
4076 1F54; 03C5 0313 0301; Case map
4077 1F56; 03C5 0313 0342; Case map
4078 1F59; 1F51; Case map
4079 1F5B; 1F53; Case map
4080 1F5D; 1F55; Case map
4081 1F5F; 1F57; Case map
4082 1F68; 1F60; Case map
4083 1F69; 1F61; Case map
4084 1F6A; 1F62; Case map
4085 1F6B; 1F63; Case map
4086 1F6C; 1F64; Case map
4090 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 73]
4092 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4095 1F6D; 1F65; Case map
4096 1F6E; 1F66; Case map
4097 1F6F; 1F67; Case map
4098 1F80; 1F00 03B9; Case map
4099 1F81; 1F01 03B9; Case map
4100 1F82; 1F02 03B9; Case map
4101 1F83; 1F03 03B9; Case map
4102 1F84; 1F04 03B9; Case map
4103 1F85; 1F05 03B9; Case map
4104 1F86; 1F06 03B9; Case map
4105 1F87; 1F07 03B9; Case map
4106 1F88; 1F00 03B9; Case map
4107 1F89; 1F01 03B9; Case map
4108 1F8A; 1F02 03B9; Case map
4109 1F8B; 1F03 03B9; Case map
4110 1F8C; 1F04 03B9; Case map
4111 1F8D; 1F05 03B9; Case map
4112 1F8E; 1F06 03B9; Case map
4113 1F8F; 1F07 03B9; Case map
4114 1F90; 1F20 03B9; Case map
4115 1F91; 1F21 03B9; Case map
4116 1F92; 1F22 03B9; Case map
4117 1F93; 1F23 03B9; Case map
4118 1F94; 1F24 03B9; Case map
4119 1F95; 1F25 03B9; Case map
4120 1F96; 1F26 03B9; Case map
4121 1F97; 1F27 03B9; Case map
4122 1F98; 1F20 03B9; Case map
4123 1F99; 1F21 03B9; Case map
4124 1F9A; 1F22 03B9; Case map
4125 1F9B; 1F23 03B9; Case map
4126 1F9C; 1F24 03B9; Case map
4127 1F9D; 1F25 03B9; Case map
4128 1F9E; 1F26 03B9; Case map
4129 1F9F; 1F27 03B9; Case map
4130 1FA0; 1F60 03B9; Case map
4131 1FA1; 1F61 03B9; Case map
4132 1FA2; 1F62 03B9; Case map
4133 1FA3; 1F63 03B9; Case map
4134 1FA4; 1F64 03B9; Case map
4135 1FA5; 1F65 03B9; Case map
4136 1FA6; 1F66 03B9; Case map
4137 1FA7; 1F67 03B9; Case map
4138 1FA8; 1F60 03B9; Case map
4139 1FA9; 1F61 03B9; Case map
4140 1FAA; 1F62 03B9; Case map
4141 1FAB; 1F63 03B9; Case map
4142 1FAC; 1F64 03B9; Case map
4146 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 74]
4148 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4151 1FAD; 1F65 03B9; Case map
4152 1FAE; 1F66 03B9; Case map
4153 1FAF; 1F67 03B9; Case map
4154 1FB2; 1F70 03B9; Case map
4155 1FB3; 03B1 03B9; Case map
4156 1FB4; 03AC 03B9; Case map
4157 1FB6; 03B1 0342; Case map
4158 1FB7; 03B1 0342 03B9; Case map
4159 1FB8; 1FB0; Case map
4160 1FB9; 1FB1; Case map
4161 1FBA; 1F70; Case map
4162 1FBB; 1F71; Case map
4163 1FBC; 03B1 03B9; Case map
4164 1FBE; 03B9; Case map
4165 1FC2; 1F74 03B9; Case map
4166 1FC3; 03B7 03B9; Case map
4167 1FC4; 03AE 03B9; Case map
4168 1FC6; 03B7 0342; Case map
4169 1FC7; 03B7 0342 03B9; Case map
4170 1FC8; 1F72; Case map
4171 1FC9; 1F73; Case map
4172 1FCA; 1F74; Case map
4173 1FCB; 1F75; Case map
4174 1FCC; 03B7 03B9; Case map
4175 1FD2; 03B9 0308 0300; Case map
4176 1FD3; 03B9 0308 0301; Case map
4177 1FD6; 03B9 0342; Case map
4178 1FD7; 03B9 0308 0342; Case map
4179 1FD8; 1FD0; Case map
4180 1FD9; 1FD1; Case map
4181 1FDA; 1F76; Case map
4182 1FDB; 1F77; Case map
4183 1FE2; 03C5 0308 0300; Case map
4184 1FE3; 03C5 0308 0301; Case map
4185 1FE4; 03C1 0313; Case map
4186 1FE6; 03C5 0342; Case map
4187 1FE7; 03C5 0308 0342; Case map
4188 1FE8; 1FE0; Case map
4189 1FE9; 1FE1; Case map
4190 1FEA; 1F7A; Case map
4191 1FEB; 1F7B; Case map
4192 1FEC; 1FE5; Case map
4193 1FF2; 1F7C 03B9; Case map
4194 1FF3; 03C9 03B9; Case map
4195 1FF4; 03CE 03B9; Case map
4196 1FF6; 03C9 0342; Case map
4197 1FF7; 03C9 0342 03B9; Case map
4198 1FF8; 1F78; Case map
4202 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 75]
4204 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4207 1FF9; 1F79; Case map
4208 1FFA; 1F7C; Case map
4209 1FFB; 1F7D; Case map
4210 1FFC; 03C9 03B9; Case map
4211 2126; 03C9; Case map
4212 212A; 006B; Case map
4213 212B; 00E5; Case map
4214 2160; 2170; Case map
4215 2161; 2171; Case map
4216 2162; 2172; Case map
4217 2163; 2173; Case map
4218 2164; 2174; Case map
4219 2165; 2175; Case map
4220 2166; 2176; Case map
4221 2167; 2177; Case map
4222 2168; 2178; Case map
4223 2169; 2179; Case map
4224 216A; 217A; Case map
4225 216B; 217B; Case map
4226 216C; 217C; Case map
4227 216D; 217D; Case map
4228 216E; 217E; Case map
4229 216F; 217F; Case map
4230 24B6; 24D0; Case map
4231 24B7; 24D1; Case map
4232 24B8; 24D2; Case map
4233 24B9; 24D3; Case map
4234 24BA; 24D4; Case map
4235 24BB; 24D5; Case map
4236 24BC; 24D6; Case map
4237 24BD; 24D7; Case map
4238 24BE; 24D8; Case map
4239 24BF; 24D9; Case map
4240 24C0; 24DA; Case map
4241 24C1; 24DB; Case map
4242 24C2; 24DC; Case map
4243 24C3; 24DD; Case map
4244 24C4; 24DE; Case map
4245 24C5; 24DF; Case map
4246 24C6; 24E0; Case map
4247 24C7; 24E1; Case map
4248 24C8; 24E2; Case map
4249 24C9; 24E3; Case map
4250 24CA; 24E4; Case map
4251 24CB; 24E5; Case map
4252 24CC; 24E6; Case map
4253 24CD; 24E7; Case map
4254 24CE; 24E8; Case map
4258 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 76]
4260 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4263 24CF; 24E9; Case map
4264 FB00; 0066 0066; Case map
4265 FB01; 0066 0069; Case map
4266 FB02; 0066 006C; Case map
4267 FB03; 0066 0066 0069; Case map
4268 FB04; 0066 0066 006C; Case map
4269 FB05; 0073 0074; Case map
4270 FB06; 0073 0074; Case map
4271 FB13; 0574 0576; Case map
4272 FB14; 0574 0565; Case map
4273 FB15; 0574 056B; Case map
4274 FB16; 057E 0576; Case map
4275 FB17; 0574 056D; Case map
4276 FF21; FF41; Case map
4277 FF22; FF42; Case map
4278 FF23; FF43; Case map
4279 FF24; FF44; Case map
4280 FF25; FF45; Case map
4281 FF26; FF46; Case map
4282 FF27; FF47; Case map
4283 FF28; FF48; Case map
4284 FF29; FF49; Case map
4285 FF2A; FF4A; Case map
4286 FF2B; FF4B; Case map
4287 FF2C; FF4C; Case map
4288 FF2D; FF4D; Case map
4289 FF2E; FF4E; Case map
4290 FF2F; FF4F; Case map
4291 FF30; FF50; Case map
4292 FF31; FF51; Case map
4293 FF32; FF52; Case map
4294 FF33; FF53; Case map
4295 FF34; FF54; Case map
4296 FF35; FF55; Case map
4297 FF36; FF56; Case map
4298 FF37; FF57; Case map
4299 FF38; FF58; Case map
4300 FF39; FF59; Case map
4301 FF3A; FF5A; Case map
4302 10400; 10428; Case map
4303 10401; 10429; Case map
4304 10402; 1042A; Case map
4305 10403; 1042B; Case map
4306 10404; 1042C; Case map
4307 10405; 1042D; Case map
4308 10406; 1042E; Case map
4309 10407; 1042F; Case map
4310 10408; 10430; Case map
4314 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 77]
4316 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4319 10409; 10431; Case map
4320 1040A; 10432; Case map
4321 1040B; 10433; Case map
4322 1040C; 10434; Case map
4323 1040D; 10435; Case map
4324 1040E; 10436; Case map
4325 1040F; 10437; Case map
4326 10410; 10438; Case map
4327 10411; 10439; Case map
4328 10412; 1043A; Case map
4329 10413; 1043B; Case map
4330 10414; 1043C; Case map
4331 10415; 1043D; Case map
4332 10416; 1043E; Case map
4333 10417; 1043F; Case map
4334 10418; 10440; Case map
4335 10419; 10441; Case map
4336 1041A; 10442; Case map
4337 1041B; 10443; Case map
4338 1041C; 10444; Case map
4339 1041D; 10445; Case map
4340 1041E; 10446; Case map
4341 1041F; 10447; Case map
4342 10420; 10448; Case map
4343 10421; 10449; Case map
4344 10422; 1044A; Case map
4345 10423; 1044B; Case map
4346 10424; 1044C; Case map
4347 10425; 1044D; Case map
4348 ----- End Table B.3 -----
4350 C. Prohibition tables
4352 The tables in this appendix consist of lines with one prohibited code
4353 point per line. The format of the lines are the value of the code
4354 point, a semicolon, and a comment which is the name of the code
4357 C.1 Space characters
4359 C.1.1 ASCII space characters
4361 ----- Start Table C.1.1 -----
4363 ----- End Table C.1.1 -----
4370 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 78]
4372 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4375 C.1.2 Non-ASCII space characters
4376 ----- Start Table C.1.2 -----
4377 00A0; NO-BREAK SPACE
4378 1680; OGHAM SPACE MARK
4383 2004; THREE-PER-EM SPACE
4384 2005; FOUR-PER-EM SPACE
4385 2006; SIX-PER-EM SPACE
4387 2008; PUNCTUATION SPACE
4390 200B; ZERO WIDTH SPACE
4391 202F; NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE
4392 205F; MEDIUM MATHEMATICAL SPACE
4393 3000; IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE
4394 ----- End Table C.1.2 -----
4396 C.2 Control characters
4398 C.2.1 ASCII control characters
4400 ----- Start Table C.2.1 -----
4401 0000-001F; [CONTROL CHARACTERS]
4403 ----- End Table C.2.1 -----
4405 C.2.2 Non-ASCII control characters
4407 ----- Start Table C.2.2 -----
4408 0080-009F; [CONTROL CHARACTERS]
4409 06DD; ARABIC END OF AYAH
4410 070F; SYRIAC ABBREVIATION MARK
4411 180E; MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR
4412 200C; ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER
4413 200D; ZERO WIDTH JOINER
4414 2028; LINE SEPARATOR
4415 2029; PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR
4417 2061; FUNCTION APPLICATION
4418 2062; INVISIBLE TIMES
4419 2063; INVISIBLE SEPARATOR
4420 206A-206F; [CONTROL CHARACTERS]
4421 FEFF; ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE
4422 FFF9-FFFC; [CONTROL CHARACTERS]
4426 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 79]
4428 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4431 1D173-1D17A; [MUSICAL CONTROL CHARACTERS]
4432 ----- End Table C.2.2 -----
4436 ----- Start Table C.3 -----
4437 E000-F8FF; [PRIVATE USE, PLANE 0]
4438 F0000-FFFFD; [PRIVATE USE, PLANE 15]
4439 100000-10FFFD; [PRIVATE USE, PLANE 16]
4440 ----- End Table C.3 -----
4442 C.4 Non-character code points
4444 ----- Start Table C.4 -----
4445 FDD0-FDEF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4446 FFFE-FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4447 1FFFE-1FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4448 2FFFE-2FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4449 3FFFE-3FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4450 4FFFE-4FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4451 5FFFE-5FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4452 6FFFE-6FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4453 7FFFE-7FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4454 8FFFE-8FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4455 9FFFE-9FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4456 AFFFE-AFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4457 BFFFE-BFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4458 CFFFE-CFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4459 DFFFE-DFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4460 EFFFE-EFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4461 FFFFE-FFFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4462 10FFFE-10FFFF; [NONCHARACTER CODE POINTS]
4463 ----- End Table C.4 -----
4467 ----- Start Table C.5 -----
4468 D800-DFFF; [SURROGATE CODES]
4469 ----- End Table C.5 -----
4471 C.6 Inappropriate for plain text
4473 ----- Start Table C.6 -----
4474 FFF9; INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION ANCHOR
4475 FFFA; INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION SEPARATOR
4476 FFFB; INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION TERMINATOR
4477 FFFC; OBJECT REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
4478 FFFD; REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
4482 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 80]
4484 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4487 ----- End Table C.6 -----
4489 C.7 Inappropriate for canonical representation
4491 ----- Start Table C.7 -----
4492 2FF0-2FFB; [IDEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION CHARACTERS]
4493 ----- End Table C.7 -----
4495 C.8 Change display properties or are deprecated
4497 ----- Start Table C.8 -----
4498 0340; COMBINING GRAVE TONE MARK
4499 0341; COMBINING ACUTE TONE MARK
4500 200E; LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK
4501 200F; RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK
4502 202A; LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING
4503 202B; RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING
4504 202C; POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
4505 202D; LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE
4506 202E; RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE
4507 206A; INHIBIT SYMMETRIC SWAPPING
4508 206B; ACTIVATE SYMMETRIC SWAPPING
4509 206C; INHIBIT ARABIC FORM SHAPING
4510 206D; ACTIVATE ARABIC FORM SHAPING
4511 206E; NATIONAL DIGIT SHAPES
4512 206F; NOMINAL DIGIT SHAPES
4513 ----- End Table C.8 -----
4515 C.9 Tagging characters
4517 ----- Start Table C.9 -----
4519 E0020-E007F; [TAGGING CHARACTERS]
4520 ----- End Table C.9 -----
4522 D. Bidirectional tables
4524 D.1 Characters with bidirectional property "R" or "AL"
4526 ----- Start Table D.1 -----
4538 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 81]
4540 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4569 ----- End Table D.1 -----
4571 D.2 Characters with bidirectional property "L"
4573 ----- Start Table D.2 -----
4594 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 82]
4596 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4650 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 83]
4652 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4706 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 84]
4708 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4762 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 85]
4764 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4818 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 86]
4820 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4874 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 87]
4876 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4930 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 88]
4932 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4986 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 89]
4988 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
4998 ----- End Table D.2 -----
5003 Internet Mail Consortium and VPN Consortium
5005 Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA
5007 EMail: paul.hoffman@imc.org and paul.hoffman@vpnc.org
5012 2875 boul. Laurier, bur. 300
5013 Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada, G1V 2M2
5015 EMail: Marc.Blanchet@viagenie.qc.ca
5042 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 90]
5044 RFC 3454 Preparation of Internationalized Strings December 2002
5047 Full Copyright Statement
5049 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
5051 This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
5052 others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
5053 or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
5054 and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
5055 kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
5056 included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
5057 document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
5058 the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
5059 Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
5060 developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
5061 copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
5062 followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
5065 The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
5066 revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
5068 This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
5069 "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
5070 TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
5071 BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
5072 HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
5073 MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
5077 Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
5098 Hoffman & Blanchet Standards Track [Page 91]