Koha/Object.pm

   1 package Koha::Object;
   2
   3 # Copyright ByWater Solutions 2014
   4 # Copyright 2016 Koha Development Team
   5 #
   6 # This file is part of Koha.
   7 #
   8 # Koha is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
   9 # terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
  10 # Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
  11 # version.
  12 #
  13 # Koha is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
  14 # WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
  15 # A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
  16 #
  17 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
  18 # with Koha; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
  19 # 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20
  21 use Modern::Perl;
  22
  23 use Carp;
  24 use Mojo::JSON;
  25 use Scalar::Util qw( blessed looks_like_number );
  26 use Try::Tiny;
  27
  28 use Koha::Database;
  29 use Koha::Exceptions::Object;
  30 use Koha::DateUtils;
  31
  32 =head1 NAME
  33
  34 Koha::Object - Koha Object base class
  35
  36 =head1 SYNOPSIS
  37
  38     use Koha::Object;
  39     my $object = Koha::Object->new({ property1 => $property1, property2 => $property2, etc... } );
  40
  41 =head1 DESCRIPTION
  42
  43 This class must always be subclassed.
  44
  45 =head1 API
  46
  47 =head2 Class Methods
  48
  49 =cut
  50
  51 =head3 Koha::Object->new();
  52
  53 my $object = Koha::Object->new();
  54 my $object = Koha::Object->new($attributes);
  55
  56 Note that this cannot be used to retrieve record from the DB.
  57
  58 =cut
  59
  60 sub new {
  61     my ( $class, $attributes ) = @_;
  62     my $self = {};
  63
  64     if ($attributes) {
  65         my $schema = Koha::Database->new->schema;
  66
  67         # Remove the arguments which exist, are not defined but NOT NULL to use the default value
  68         my $columns_info = $schema->resultset( $class->_type )->result_source->columns_info;
  69         for my $column_name ( keys %$attributes ) {
  70             my $c_info = $columns_info->{$column_name};
  71             next if $c_info->{is_nullable};
  72             next if not exists $attributes->{$column_name} or defined $attributes->{$column_name};
  73             delete $attributes->{$column_name};
  74         }
  75
  76         $self->{_result} =
  77           $schema->resultset( $class->_type() )->new($attributes);
  78     }
  79
  80     croak("No _type found! Koha::Object must be subclassed!")
  81       unless $class->_type();
  82
  83     bless( $self, $class );
  84
  85 }
  86
  87 =head3 Koha::Object->_new_from_dbic();
  88
  89 my $object = Koha::Object->_new_from_dbic($dbic_row);
  90
  91 =cut
  92
  93 sub _new_from_dbic {
  94     my ( $class, $dbic_row ) = @_;
  95     my $self = {};
  96
  97     # DBIC result row
  98     $self->{_result} = $dbic_row;
  99
 100     croak("No _type found! Koha::Object must be subclassed!")
 101       unless $class->_type();
 102
 103     croak( "DBIC result _type " . ref( $self->{_result} ) . " isn't of the _type " . $class->_type() )
 104       unless ref( $self->{_result} ) eq "Koha::Schema::Result::" . $class->_type();
 105
 106     bless( $self, $class );
 107
 108 }
 109
 110 =head3 $object->store();
 111
 112 Saves the object in storage.
 113 If the object is new, it will be created.
 114 If the object previously existed, it will be updated.
 115
 116 Returns:
 117     $self  if the store was a success
 118     undef  if the store failed
 119
 120 =cut
 121
 122 sub store {
 123     my ($self) = @_;
 124
 125     my $columns_info = $self->_result->result_source->columns_info;
 126
 127     # Handle not null and default values for integers and dates
 128     foreach my $col ( keys %{$columns_info} ) {
 129         # Integers
 130         if ( _numeric_column_type( $columns_info->{$col}->{data_type} ) ) {
 131             # Has been passed but not a number, usually an empty string
 132             if ( defined $self->$col and not looks_like_number( $self->$col ) ) {
 133                 if ( $columns_info->{$col}->{is_nullable} ) {
 134                     # If nullable, default to null
 135                     $self->$col(undef);
 136                 } else {
 137                     # If cannot be null, get the default value
 138                     # What if cannot be null and does not have a default value? Possible?
 139                     $self->$col($columns_info->{$col}->{default_value});
 140                 }
 141             }
 142         }
 143         elsif ( _date_or_datetime_column_type( $columns_info->{$col}->{data_type} ) ) {
 144             # Set to null if an empty string (or == 0 but should not happen)
 145             if ( defined $self->$col and not $self->$col ) {
 146                 if ( $columns_info->{$col}->{is_nullable} ) {
 147                     $self->$col(undef);
 148                 } else {
 149                     $self->$col($columns_info->{$col}->{default_value});
 150                 }
 151             }
 152         }
 153     }
 154
 155     try {
 156         return $self->_result()->update_or_insert() ? $self : undef;
 157     }
 158     catch {
 159         # Catch problems and raise relevant exceptions
 160         if (ref($_) eq 'DBIx::Class::Exception') {
 161             if ( $_->{msg} =~ /Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails/ ) {
 162                 # FK constraints
 163                 # FIXME: MySQL error, if we support more DB engines we should implement this for each
 164                 if ( $_->{msg} =~ /FOREIGN KEY \(`(?<column>.*?)`\)/ ) {
 165                     Koha::Exceptions::Object::FKConstraint->throw(
 166                         error     => 'Broken FK constraint',
 167                         broken_fk => $+{column}
 168                     );
 169                 }
 170             }
 171             elsif( $_->{msg} =~ /Duplicate entry '(.*?)' for key '(?<key>.*?)'/ ) {
 172                 Koha::Exceptions::Object::DuplicateID->throw(
 173                     error => 'Duplicate ID',
 174                     duplicate_id => $+{key}
 175                 );
 176             }
 177             elsif( $_->{msg} =~ /Incorrect (?<type>\w+) value: '(?<value>.*)' for column \W?(?<property>\S+)/ ) { # The optional \W in the regex might be a quote or backtick
 178                 my $type = $+{type};
 179                 my $value = $+{value};
 180                 my $property = $+{property};
 181                 $property =~ s/['`]//g;
 182                 Koha::Exceptions::Object::BadValue->throw(
 183                     type     => $type,
 184                     value    => $value,
 185                     property => $property =~ /(\w+\.\w+)$/ ? $1 : $property, # results in table.column without quotes or backtics
 186                 );
 187             }
 188         }
 189         # Catch-all for foreign key breakages. It will help find other use cases
 190         $_->rethrow();
 191     }
 192 }
 193
 194 =head3 $object->update();
 195
 196 A shortcut for set + store in one call.
 197
 198 =cut
 199
 200 sub update {
 201     my ($self, $values) = @_;
 202     return $self->set($values)->store();
 203 }
 204
 205 =head3 $object->delete();
 206
 207 Removes the object from storage.
 208
 209 Returns:
 210     1  if the deletion was a success
 211     0  if the deletion failed
 212     -1 if the object was never in storage
 213
 214 =cut
 215
 216 sub delete {
 217     my ($self) = @_;
 218
 219     my $deleted = $self->_result()->delete;
 220     if ( ref $deleted ) {
 221         my $object_class  = Koha::Object::_get_object_class( $self->_result->result_class );
 222         $deleted = $object_class->_new_from_dbic($deleted);
 223     }
 224     return $deleted;
 225 }
 226
 227 =head3 $object->set( $properties_hashref )
 228
 229 $object->set(
 230     {
 231         property1 => $property1,
 232         property2 => $property2,
 233         property3 => $propery3,
 234     }
 235 );
 236
 237 Enables multiple properties to be set at once
 238
 239 Returns:
 240     1      if all properties were set.
 241     0      if one or more properties do not exist.
 242     undef  if all properties exist but a different error
 243            prevents one or more properties from being set.
 244
 245 If one or more of the properties do not exist,
 246 no properties will be set.
 247
 248 =cut
 249
 250 sub set {
 251     my ( $self, $properties ) = @_;
 252
 253     my @columns = @{$self->_columns()};
 254
 255     foreach my $p ( keys %$properties ) {
 256         unless ( grep {/^$p$/} @columns ) {
 257             Koha::Exceptions::Object::PropertyNotFound->throw( "No property $p for " . ref($self) );
 258         }
 259     }
 260
 261     return $self->_result()->set_columns($properties) ? $self : undef;
 262 }
 263
 264 =head3 $object->unblessed();
 265
 266 Returns an unblessed representation of object.
 267
 268 =cut
 269
 270 sub unblessed {
 271     my ($self) = @_;
 272
 273     return { $self->_result->get_columns };
 274 }
 275
 276 =head3 $object->get_from_storage;
 277
 278 =cut
 279
 280 sub get_from_storage {
 281     my ( $self, $attrs ) = @_;
 282     my $stored_object = $self->_result->get_from_storage($attrs);
 283     return unless $stored_object;
 284     my $object_class  = Koha::Object::_get_object_class( $self->_result->result_class );
 285     return $object_class->_new_from_dbic($stored_object);
 286 }
 287
 288 =head3 $object->TO_JSON
 289
 290 Returns an unblessed representation of the object, suitable for JSON output.
 291
 292 =cut
 293
 294 sub TO_JSON {
 295
 296     my ($self) = @_;
 297
 298     my $unblessed    = $self->unblessed;
 299     my $columns_info = Koha::Database->new->schema->resultset( $self->_type )
 300         ->result_source->{_columns};
 301
 302     foreach my $col ( keys %{$columns_info} ) {
 303
 304         if ( $columns_info->{$col}->{is_boolean} )
 305         {    # Handle booleans gracefully
 306             $unblessed->{$col}
 307                 = ( $unblessed->{$col} )
 308                 ? Mojo::JSON->true
 309                 : Mojo::JSON->false;
 310         }
 311         elsif ( _numeric_column_type( $columns_info->{$col}->{data_type} )
 312             and looks_like_number( $unblessed->{$col} )
 313         ) {
 314
 315             # TODO: Remove once the solution for
 316             # https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=119904
 317             # is ported to whatever distro we support by that time
 318             $unblessed->{$col} += 0;
 319         }
 320         elsif ( _datetime_column_type( $columns_info->{$col}->{data_type} ) ) {
 321             eval {
 322                 return unless $unblessed->{$col};
 323                 $unblessed->{$col} = output_pref({
 324                     dateformat => 'rfc3339',
 325                     dt         => dt_from_string($unblessed->{$col}, 'sql'),
 326                 });
 327             };
 328         }
 329     }
 330     return $unblessed;
 331 }
 332
 333 sub _date_or_datetime_column_type {
 334     my ($column_type) = @_;
 335
 336     my @dt_types = (
 337         'timestamp',
 338         'date',
 339         'datetime'
 340     );
 341
 342     return ( grep { $column_type eq $_ } @dt_types) ? 1 : 0;
 343 }
 344 sub _datetime_column_type {
 345     my ($column_type) = @_;
 346
 347     my @dt_types = (
 348         'timestamp',
 349         'datetime'
 350     );
 351
 352     return ( grep { $column_type eq $_ } @dt_types) ? 1 : 0;
 353 }
 354
 355 sub _numeric_column_type {
 356     # TODO: Remove once the solution for
 357     # https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=119904
 358     # is ported to whatever distro we support by that time
 359     my ($column_type) = @_;
 360
 361     my @numeric_types = (
 362         'bigint',
 363         'integer',
 364         'int',
 365         'mediumint',
 366         'smallint',
 367         'tinyint',
 368         'decimal',
 369         'double precision',
 370         'float'
 371     );
 372
 373     return ( grep { $column_type eq $_ } @numeric_types) ? 1 : 0;
 374 }
 375
 376 =head3 to_api
 377
 378     my $object_for_api = $object->to_api(
 379         {
 380           [ embed => {
 381                 items => {
 382                     children => {
 383                         holds => {,
 384                             children => {
 385                               ...
 386                             }
 387                         }
 388                     }
 389                 },
 390                 library => {
 391                     ...
 392                 }
 393             },
 394             ...
 395          ]
 396         }
 397     );
 398
 399 Returns a representation of the object, suitable for API output.
 400
 401 =cut
 402
 403 sub to_api {
 404     my ( $self, $params ) = @_;
 405     my $json_object = $self->TO_JSON;
 406
 407     my $to_api_mapping = $self->to_api_mapping;
 408
 409     # Rename attributes if there's a mapping
 410     if ( $self->can('to_api_mapping') ) {
 411         foreach my $column ( keys %{ $self->to_api_mapping } ) {
 412             my $mapped_column = $self->to_api_mapping->{$column};
 413             if ( exists $json_object->{$column}
 414                 && defined $mapped_column )
 415             {
 416                 # key != undef
 417                 $json_object->{$mapped_column} = delete $json_object->{$column};
 418             }
 419             elsif ( exists $json_object->{$column}
 420                 && !defined $mapped_column )
 421             {
 422                 # key == undef
 423                 delete $json_object->{$column};
 424             }
 425         }
 426     }
 427
 428     my $embeds = $params->{embed};
 429
 430     if ($embeds) {
 431         foreach my $embed ( keys %{$embeds} ) {
 432             if ( $embed =~ m/^(?<relation>.*)_count$/
 433                 and $embeds->{$embed}->{is_count} ) {
 434
 435                 my $relation = $+{relation};
 436                 $json_object->{$embed} = $self->$relation->count;
 437             }
 438             else {
 439                 my $curr = $embed;
 440                 my $next = $embeds->{$curr}->{children};
 441
 442                 my $children = $self->$curr;
 443
 444                 if ( defined $children and ref($children) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
 445                     my @list = map {
 446                         $self->_handle_to_api_child(
 447                             { child => $_, next => $next, curr => $curr } )
 448                     } @{$children};
 449                     $json_object->{$curr} = \@list;
 450                 }
 451                 else {
 452                     $json_object->{$curr} = $self->_handle_to_api_child(
 453                         { child => $children, next => $next, curr => $curr } );
 454                 }
 455             }
 456         }
 457     }
 458
 459
 460
 461     return $json_object;
 462 }
 463
 464 =head3 to_api_mapping
 465
 466     my $mapping = $object->to_api_mapping;
 467
 468 Generic method that returns the attribute name mappings required to
 469 render the object on the API.
 470
 471 Note: this only returns an empty I<hashref>. Each class should have its
 472 own mapping returned.
 473
 474 =cut
 475
 476 sub to_api_mapping {
 477     return {};
 478 }
 479
 480 =head3 from_api_mapping
 481
 482     my $mapping = $object->from_api_mapping;
 483
 484 Generic method that returns the attribute name mappings so the data that
 485 comes from the API is correctly renamed to match what is required for the DB.
 486
 487 =cut
 488
 489 sub from_api_mapping {
 490     my ( $self ) = @_;
 491
 492     my $to_api_mapping = $self->to_api_mapping;
 493
 494     unless ( $self->{_from_api_mapping} ) {
 495         while (my ($key, $value) = each %{ $to_api_mapping } ) {
 496             $self->{_from_api_mapping}->{$value} = $key
 497                 if defined $value;
 498         }
 499     }
 500
 501     return $self->{_from_api_mapping};
 502 }
 503
 504 =head3 new_from_api
 505
 506     my $object = Koha::Object->new_from_api;
 507     my $object = Koha::Object->new_from_api( $attrs );
 508
 509 Creates a new object, mapping the API attribute names to the ones on the DB schema.
 510
 511 =cut
 512
 513 sub new_from_api {
 514     my ( $class, $params ) = @_;
 515
 516     my $self = $class->new;
 517     return $self->set_from_api( $params );
 518 }
 519
 520 =head3 set_from_api
 521
 522     my $object = Koha::Object->new(...);
 523     $object->set_from_api( $attrs )
 524
 525 Sets the object's attributes mapping API attribute names to the ones on the DB schema.
 526
 527 =cut
 528
 529 sub set_from_api {
 530     my ( $self, $from_api_params ) = @_;
 531
 532     return $self->set( $self->attributes_from_api( $from_api_params ) );
 533 }
 534
 535 =head3 attributes_from_api
 536
 537     my $attributes = attributes_from_api( $params );
 538
 539 Returns the passed params, converted from API naming into the model.
 540
 541 =cut
 542
 543 sub attributes_from_api {
 544     my ( $self, $from_api_params ) = @_;
 545
 546     my $from_api_mapping = $self->from_api_mapping;
 547
 548     my $params;
 549     my $columns_info = $self->_result->result_source->columns_info;
 550
 551     while (my ($key, $value) = each %{ $from_api_params } ) {
 552         my $koha_field_name =
 553           exists $from_api_mapping->{$key}
 554           ? $from_api_mapping->{$key}
 555           : $key;
 556
 557         if ( $columns_info->{$koha_field_name}->{is_boolean} ) {
 558             # TODO: Remove when D8 is formally deprecated
 559             # Handle booleans gracefully
 560             $value = ( $value ) ? 1 : 0;
 561         }
 562         elsif ( _date_or_datetime_column_type( $columns_info->{$koha_field_name}->{data_type} ) ) {
 563             try {
 564                 $value = dt_from_string($value, 'rfc3339');
 565             }
 566             catch {
 567                 Koha::Exceptions::BadParameter->throw( parameter => $key );
 568             };
 569         }
 570
 571         $params->{$koha_field_name} = $value;
 572     }
 573
 574     return $params;
 575 }
 576
 577 =head3 $object->unblessed_all_relateds
 578
 579 my $everything_into_one_hashref = $object->unblessed_all_relateds
 580
 581 The unblessed method only retrieves column' values for the column of the object.
 582 In a *few* cases we want to retrieve the information of all the prefetched data.
 583
 584 =cut
 585
 586 sub unblessed_all_relateds {
 587     my ($self) = @_;
 588
 589     my %data;
 590     my $related_resultsets = $self->_result->{related_resultsets} || {};
 591     my $rs = $self->_result;
 592     while ( $related_resultsets and %$related_resultsets ) {
 593         my @relations = keys %{ $related_resultsets };
 594         if ( @relations ) {
 595             my $relation = $relations[0];
 596             $rs = $rs->related_resultset($relation)->get_cache;
 597             $rs = $rs->[0]; # Does it makes sense to have several values here?
 598             my $object_class = Koha::Object::_get_object_class( $rs->result_class );
 599             my $koha_object = $object_class->_new_from_dbic( $rs );
 600             $related_resultsets = $rs->{related_resultsets};
 601             %data = ( %data, %{ $koha_object->unblessed } );
 602         }
 603     }
 604     %data = ( %data, %{ $self->unblessed } );
 605     return \%data;
 606 }
 607
 608 =head3 $object->_result();
 609
 610 Returns the internal DBIC Row object
 611
 612 =cut
 613
 614 sub _result {
 615     my ($self) = @_;
 616
 617     # If we don't have a dbic row at this point, we need to create an empty one
 618     $self->{_result} ||=
 619       Koha::Database->new()->schema()->resultset( $self->_type() )->new({});
 620
 621     return $self->{_result};
 622 }
 623
 624 =head3 $object->_columns();
 625
 626 Returns an arrayref of the table columns
 627
 628 =cut
 629
 630 sub _columns {
 631     my ($self) = @_;
 632
 633     # If we don't have a dbic row at this point, we need to create an empty one
 634     $self->{_columns} ||= [ $self->_result()->result_source()->columns() ];
 635
 636     return $self->{_columns};
 637 }
 638
 639 sub _get_object_class {
 640     my ( $type ) = @_;
 641     return unless $type;
 642
 643     if( $type->can('koha_object_class') ) {
 644         return $type->koha_object_class;
 645     }
 646     $type =~ s|Schema::Result::||;
 647     return ${type};
 648 }
 649
 650 =head3 AUTOLOAD
 651
 652 The autoload method is used only to get and set values for an objects properties.
 653
 654 =cut
 655
 656 sub AUTOLOAD {
 657     my $self = shift;
 658
 659     my $method = our $AUTOLOAD;
 660     $method =~ s/.*://;
 661
 662     my @columns = @{$self->_columns()};
 663     # Using direct setter/getter like $item->barcode() or $item->barcode($barcode);
 664     if ( grep {/^$method$/} @columns ) {
 665         if ( @_ ) {
 666             $self->_result()->set_column( $method, @_ );
 667             return $self;
 668         } else {
 669             my $value = $self->_result()->get_column( $method );
 670             return $value;
 671         }
 672     }
 673
 674     my @known_methods = qw( is_changed id in_storage get_column discard_changes make_column_dirty );
 675
 676     Koha::Exceptions::Object::MethodNotCoveredByTests->throw(
 677         error      => sprintf("The method %s->%s is not covered by tests!", ref($self), $method),
 678         show_trace => 1
 679     ) unless grep { /^$method$/ } @known_methods;
 680
 681
 682     my $r = eval { $self->_result->$method(@_) };
 683     if ( $@ ) {
 684         Koha::Exceptions::Object->throw( ref($self) . "::$method generated this error: " . $@ );
 685     }
 686     return $r;
 687 }
 688
 689 =head3 _type
 690
 691 This method must be defined in the child class. The value is the name of the DBIC resultset.
 692 For example, for borrowers, the _type method will return "Borrower".
 693
 694 =cut
 695
 696 sub _type { }
 697
 698 =head3 _handle_to_api_child
 699
 700 =cut
 701
 702 sub _handle_to_api_child {
 703     my ($self, $args ) = @_;
 704
 705     my $child = $args->{child};
 706     my $next  = $args->{next};
 707     my $curr  = $args->{curr};
 708
 709     my $res;
 710
 711     if ( defined $child ) {
 712
 713         Koha::Exceptions::Exception->throw( "Asked to embed $curr but its return value doesn't implement to_api" )
 714             if defined $next and blessed $child and !$child->can('to_api');
 715
 716         if ( blessed $child ) {
 717             $res = $child->to_api({ embed => $next });
 718         }
 719         else {
 720             $res = $child;
 721         }
 722     }
 723
 724     return $res;
 725 }
 726
 727 sub DESTROY { }
 728
 729 =head1 AUTHOR
 730
 731 Kyle M Hall <kyle@bywatersolutions.com>
 732
 733 Jonathan Druart <jonathan.druart@bugs.koha-community.org>
 734
 735 =cut
 736
 737 1;