1 <!-- Translators: please don't translate Latin words -->
3 <!-- Please translate -->
4 <title> KLatin Notes - Verbs </title>
7 All languages have verbs. Latin verbs are divided into four categories,
8 called <emphasis>conjugations</emphasis>. These conjugations are divisions of verbs
9 that, generally, use the same stem formation and have the same endings.
13 The stem of a verb is the basic part of the verb that does not change. For
14 example, the stem of <emphasis>moneo</emphasis> is <emphasis>mone</emphasis>. To get the stem of the verb,
15 take the first person singular of the verb, and take off the -o ending.
16 The verb <quote>sum</quote> (I am) is totally irregular, and does not
17 have a consistent stem.
21 <!-- Please translate the title-->
22 <title>Verb listings - Indicative Active</title>
23 <tgroup cols="6" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
24 <colspec colname="c1"/>
27 <!-- Please translate -->
33 <entry>SUM - I</entry>
44 <!-- translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
45 <entry>PRESENT</entry>
61 <entry>I love, am loving</entry>
70 <entry>ama-mus</entry>
71 <entry>mone-mus</entry>
72 <entry>regi-mus</entry>
73 <entry>audi-mus</entry>
78 <entry>ama-tis</entry>
79 <entry>mone-tis</entry>
80 <entry>regi-tis</entry>
81 <entry>audi-tis</entry>
87 <entry>mone-nt</entry>
88 <entry>regu-nt</entry>
89 <entry>audi-unt</entry>
101 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
102 <entry>FUTURE</entry>
103 <entry>ama-bo</entry>
104 <entry>mone-bo</entry>
105 <entry>reg-am</entry>
106 <entry>audi-am</entry>
111 <entry>ama-bis</entry>
112 <entry>mone-bis</entry>
113 <entry>reg-es</entry>
114 <entry>audi-es</entry>
118 <entry>I will love</entry>
119 <entry>ama-bit</entry>
120 <entry>mone-bit</entry>
121 <entry>reg-et</entry>
122 <entry>audi-et</entry>
127 <entry>ama-bimus</entry>
128 <entry>mone-bimus</entry>
129 <entry>reg-emus</entry>
130 <entry>audi-emus</entry>
131 <entry>erimus</entry>
135 <entry>ama-bitis</entry>
136 <entry>mone-bitis</entry>
137 <entry>reg-etis</entry>
138 <entry>audi-etis</entry>
139 <entry>eritis</entry>
143 <entry>ama-bunt</entry>
144 <entry>mone-bunt</entry>
145 <entry>reg-ent</entry>
146 <entry>audi-ent</entry>
158 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
159 <entry>IMPERFECT</entry>
160 <entry>ama-bam</entry>
161 <entry>mone-bam</entry>
162 <entry>rege-bam</entry>
163 <entry>audi-bam</entry>
168 <entry>ama-bas</entry>
169 <entry>mone-bas</entry>
170 <entry>rege-bas</entry>
171 <entry>audi-bas</entry>
175 <entry>I was loving</entry>
176 <entry>ama-bat</entry>
177 <entry>mone-bat</entry>
178 <entry>rege-bat</entry>
179 <entry>audi-bat</entry>
183 <entry>I used to love</entry>
184 <entry>ama-bamus</entry>
185 <entry>mone-bamus</entry>
186 <entry>rege-bamus</entry>
187 <entry>audi-bamus</entry>
188 <entry>eramus</entry>
191 <entry>I began to love</entry>
192 <entry>ama-batis</entry>
193 <entry>mone-batis</entry>
194 <entry>rege-batis</entry>
195 <entry>audi-batis</entry>
196 <entry>eratis</entry>
200 <entry>ama-bant</entry>
201 <entry>mone-bant</entry>
202 <entry>rege-bant</entry>
203 <entry>audi-bant</entry>
215 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
216 <entry>PERFECT</entry>
217 <entry>amav-i</entry>
218 <entry>monu-i</entry>
220 <entry>audiv-i</entry>
225 <entry>amav-isti</entry>
226 <entry>monu-isti</entry>
227 <entry>rex-isti</entry>
228 <entry>audiv-isti</entry>
229 <entry>fu-isti</entry>
232 <entry>I have loved</entry>
233 <entry>amav-it</entry>
234 <entry>monu-it</entry>
235 <entry>rex-it</entry>
236 <entry>audiv-it</entry>
241 <entry>amav-imus</entry>
242 <entry>monu-imus</entry>
243 <entry>rex-imus</entry>
244 <entry>audiv-imus</entry>
245 <entry>fu-imus</entry>
249 <entry>amav-istis</entry>
250 <entry>monu-istis</entry>
251 <entry>rex-istis</entry>
252 <entry>audiv-istis</entry>
253 <entry>fu-istis</entry>
257 <entry>amav-erunt</entry>
258 <entry>monu-erunt</entry>
259 <entry>rex-erunt</entry>
260 <entry>audiv-erunt</entry>
261 <entry>fu-erunt</entry>
272 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
273 <entry>FUTURE PERFECT</entry>
274 <entry>amav-ero</entry>
275 <entry>monu-ero</entry>
276 <entry>rex-ero</entry>
277 <entry>audiv-ero</entry>
278 <entry>fu-ero</entry>
282 <entry>amav-eris</entry>
283 <entry>monu-eris</entry>
284 <entry>rex-eris</entry>
285 <entry>audiv-eris</entry>
286 <entry>fu-eris</entry>
289 <entry>I will have loved</entry>
290 <entry>amav-erit</entry>
291 <entry>monu-erit</entry>
292 <entry>rex-erit</entry>
293 <entry>audiv-erit</entry>
294 <entry>fu-erit</entry>
298 <entry>amav-erimus</entry>
299 <entry>monu-erimus</entry>
300 <entry>rex-erimus</entry>
301 <entry>audiv-erimus</entry>
302 <entry>fu-erimus</entry>
306 <entry>amav-eritis</entry>
307 <entry>monu-eritis</entry>
308 <entry>rex-eritis</entry>
309 <entry>audiv-eritis</entry>
310 <entry>fu-eritis</entry>
314 <entry>amav-erint</entry>
315 <entry>monu-erint</entry>
316 <entry>rex-erint</entry>
317 <entry>audiv-erint</entry>
318 <entry>fu-erint</entry>
329 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
330 <entry>PLUPERFECT</entry>
331 <entry>amav-eram</entry>
332 <entry>monu-eram</entry>
333 <entry>rex-eram</entry>
334 <entry>audiv-eram</entry>
335 <entry>fu-eram</entry>
339 <entry>amav-eras</entry>
340 <entry>monu-eras</entry>
341 <entry>rex-eras</entry>
342 <entry>audiv-eras</entry>
343 <entry>fu-eras</entry>
346 <entry>I had loved</entry>
347 <entry>amav-erat</entry>
348 <entry>monu-erat</entry>
349 <entry>rex-erat</entry>
350 <entry>audiv-erat</entry>
351 <entry>fu-erat</entry>
355 <entry>amav-eramus</entry>
356 <entry>monu-eramus</entry>
357 <entry>rex-eramus</entry>
358 <entry>audiv-eramus</entry>
359 <entry>fu-eramus</entry>
363 <entry>amav-eratis</entry>
364 <entry>monu-eratis</entry>
365 <entry>rex-eratis</entry>
366 <entry>audiv-eratis</entry>
367 <entry>fu-eratis</entry>
371 <entry>amav-erant</entry>
372 <entry>monu-erant</entry>
373 <entry>rex-erant</entry>
374 <entry>audiv-erant</entry>
375 <entry>fu-erant</entry>
384 <!-- Please translate the title-->
385 <title>Verb listings - Subjunctive Active</title>
386 <tgroup cols="6" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
387 <colspec colname="c1"/>
390 <!-- Please translate -->
396 <entry>SUM - I</entry>
407 <!-- translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
408 <entry>PRESENT</entry>
410 <entry>monea-m</entry>
411 <entry>rega-m</entry>
412 <entry>audi-o</entry>
418 <entry>monea-s</entry>
419 <entry>rega-s</entry>
420 <entry>audi-s</entry>
426 <entry>monea-t</entry>
427 <entry>rega-t</entry>
428 <entry>audi-t</entry>
433 <entry>ame-mus</entry>
434 <entry>monea-mus</entry>
435 <entry>rega-mus</entry>
436 <entry>audi-mus</entry>
441 <entry>ame-tis</entry>
442 <entry>monea-tis</entry>
443 <entry>rega-tis</entry>
444 <entry>audi-tis</entry>
449 <entry>ame-nt</entry>
450 <entry>monea-nt</entry>
451 <entry>rega-nt</entry>
452 <entry>audi-unt</entry>
464 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
465 <entry>IMPERFECT</entry>
466 <entry>ama-rem</entry>
467 <entry>mone-rem</entry>
468 <entry>rege-rem</entry>
469 <entry>audi-rem</entry>
474 <entry>ama-res</entry>
475 <entry>mone-res</entry>
476 <entry>rege-res</entry>
477 <entry>audi-res</entry>
482 <entry>ama-ret</entry>
483 <entry>mone-ret</entry>
484 <entry>rege-ret</entry>
485 <entry>audi-ret</entry>
490 <entry>ama-remus</entry>
491 <entry>mone-remus</entry>
492 <entry>rege-remus</entry>
493 <entry>audi-remus</entry>
494 <entry>essemus</entry>
498 <entry>ama-retis</entry>
499 <entry>mone-retis</entry>
500 <entry>rege-retis</entry>
501 <entry>audi-retis</entry>
502 <entry>essetis</entry>
506 <entry>ama-rent</entry>
507 <entry>mone-rent</entry>
508 <entry>rege-rent</entry>
509 <entry>audi-rent</entry>
510 <entry>essent</entry>
521 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
522 <entry>PERFECT</entry>
523 <entry>amav-erim</entry>
524 <entry>monu-erim</entry>
525 <entry>rex-erim</entry>
526 <entry>audiv-erim</entry>
527 <entry>fu-erim</entry>
531 <entry>amav-eris</entry>
532 <entry>monu-eris</entry>
533 <entry>rex-eris</entry>
534 <entry>audiv-eris</entry>
535 <entry>fu-eris</entry>
539 <entry>amav-erit</entry>
540 <entry>monu-erit</entry>
541 <entry>rex-erit</entry>
542 <entry>audiv-erit</entry>
543 <entry>fu-erit</entry>
547 <entry>amav-erimus</entry>
548 <entry>monu-erimus</entry>
549 <entry>rex-erimus</entry>
550 <entry>audiv-erimus</entry>
551 <entry>fu-erimus</entry>
555 <entry>amav-eritis</entry>
556 <entry>monu-eritis</entry>
557 <entry>rex-eritis</entry>
558 <entry>audiv-eritis</entry>
559 <entry>fu-eritis</entry>
563 <entry>amav-erint</entry>
564 <entry>monu-erint</entry>
565 <entry>rex-erint</entry>
566 <entry>audiv-erint</entry>
567 <entry>fu-erint</entry>
578 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
579 <entry>PLUPERFECT</entry>
580 <entry>amav-issem</entry>
581 <entry>monu-issem</entry>
582 <entry>rex-issem</entry>
583 <entry>audiv-issem</entry>
584 <entry>fu-issem</entry>
588 <entry>amav-isses</entry>
589 <entry>monu-isses</entry>
590 <entry>rex-isses</entry>
591 <entry>audiv-isses</entry>
592 <entry>fu-isses</entry>
596 <entry>amav-isset</entry>
597 <entry>monu-isset</entry>
598 <entry>rex-isset</entry>
599 <entry>audiv-isset</entry>
600 <entry>fu-isset</entry>
604 <entry>amav-issemus</entry>
605 <entry>monu-issemus</entry>
606 <entry>rex-issemus</entry>
607 <entry>audiv-issemus</entry>
608 <entry>fu-issemus</entry>
612 <entry>amav-issetis</entry>
613 <entry>monu-issetis</entry>
614 <entry>rex-issetis</entry>
615 <entry>audiv-issetis</entry>
616 <entry>fu-issetis</entry>
620 <entry>amav-issent</entry>
621 <entry>monu-issent</entry>
622 <entry>rex-issent</entry>
623 <entry>audiv-issent</entry>
624 <entry>fu-issent</entry>
631 <!-- Please translate the title-->
632 <title>Verb listings - Imperative Active</title>
633 <tgroup cols="6" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
634 <colspec colname="c1"/>
637 <!-- Please translate -->
643 <entry>SUM - I</entry>
654 <!-- translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
655 <entry>PRESENT</entry>
664 <entry>am-ate</entry>
665 <entry>mon-ete</entry>
666 <entry>reg-ite</entry>
667 <entry>aud-ite</entry>
679 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
680 <entry>FUTURE</entry>
681 <entry>am-ato</entry>
682 <entry>mon-eto</entry>
683 <entry>reg-ito</entry>
684 <entry>aud-ito</entry>
689 <entry>am-ato</entry>
690 <entry>mon-eto</entry>
691 <entry>reg-ito</entry>
692 <entry>aud-ito</entry>
697 <entry>am-atote</entry>
698 <entry>mon-etote</entry>
699 <entry>reg-itote</entry>
700 <entry>aud-itote</entry>
701 <entry>estote</entry>
705 <entry>am-anto</entry>
706 <entry>mon-ento</entry>
707 <entry>reg-unto</entry>
708 <entry>aud-iunto</entry>
716 <!-- Please translate the title-->
717 <title>Verb listings - Gerund Active</title>
718 <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
719 <colspec colname="c1"/>
729 <entry>Accusative</entry>
730 <entry>(ad) am-andum</entry>
731 <entry>(ad) mon-endum</entry>
732 <entry>(ad) reg-endum</entry>
733 <entry>(ad) aud-iendum</entry>
736 <entry>Genitive</entry>
737 <entry>am-andi</entry>
738 <entry>mon-endi</entry>
739 <entry>reg-endi</entry>
740 <entry>aud-iendi</entry>
743 <entry>Dative</entry>
744 <entry>am-ando</entry>
745 <entry>mon-endo</entry>
746 <entry>reg-endo</entry>
747 <entry>aud-iendo</entry>
750 <entry>Ablative</entry>
751 <entry>am-ando</entry>
752 <entry>mon-endo</entry>
753 <entry>reg-endo</entry>
754 <entry>aud-iendo</entry>
761 <!-- Please translate the title-->
762 <title>Verb listings - Infinitive Active</title>
763 <tgroup cols="6" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
764 <colspec colname="c1"/>
772 <entry>SUM - I</entry>
783 <entry>PRESENT</entry>
784 <entry>am-are</entry>
785 <entry>mon-ere</entry>
786 <entry>reg-ere</entry>
787 <entry>aud-ire</entry>
799 <entry>PERFECT</entry>
800 <entry>amav-isse</entry>
801 <entry>monu-isse</entry>
802 <entry>rex-isse</entry>
803 <entry>audiv-isse</entry>
804 <entry>fu-isse</entry>
811 <!-- Please translate the title-->
812 <title>Verb listings - Participle Active</title>
813 <tgroup cols="6" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
814 <colspec colname="c1"/>
822 <entry>SUM - I</entry>
833 <entry>PRESENT</entry>
834 <entry>am-ans,-antis</entry>
835 <entry>mon-ens,-entis</entry>
836 <entry>reg-ens,-entis</entry>
837 <entry>aud-iens,-ientis</entry>
849 <entry>FUTURE</entry>
850 <entry>amat-urus,-a,-um</entry>
851 <entry>monit-urus,-a,-um</entry>
852 <entry>rect-urus,-a,-um</entry>
853 <entry>audit-urus,-a,-um</entry>
854 <entry>futurus,-a,-um</entry>
861 <!-- Please translate the title-->
862 <title>Verb listings - Indicative Passive</title>
863 <tgroup align="center" cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
864 <colspec colname="c1"/>
867 <!-- Please translate -->
883 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
884 <entry>PRESENT</entry>
886 <entry>mone-or</entry>
887 <entry>reg-or</entry>
888 <entry>audi-or</entry>
892 <entry>ama-ris</entry>
893 <entry>mone-ris</entry>
894 <entry>reg-eris</entry>
895 <entry>audi-eris</entry>
898 <entry>I am loved</entry>
899 <entry>ama-tur</entry>
900 <entry>mone-tur</entry>
901 <entry>regi-tur</entry>
902 <entry>audi-tur</entry>
906 <entry>ama-mur</entry>
907 <entry>mone-mur</entry>
908 <entry>regi-mur</entry>
909 <entry>audi-mur</entry>
913 <entry>ama-mini</entry>
914 <entry>mone-mini</entry>
915 <entry>regi-mini</entry>
916 <entry>audi-mini</entry>
920 <entry>ama-ntur</entry>
921 <entry>mone-ntur</entry>
922 <entry>regu-ntur</entry>
923 <entry>audiu-unt</entry>
934 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
935 <entry>FUTURE</entry>
936 <entry>ama-bor</entry>
937 <entry>mone-bor</entry>
938 <entry>reg-ar</entry>
939 <entry>audi-ar</entry>
943 <entry>ama-beris</entry>
944 <entry>mone-beris</entry>
945 <entry>reg-eris</entry>
946 <entry>audi-eris</entry>
949 <entry>I will be loved</entry>
950 <entry>ama-bitur</entry>
951 <entry>mone-bitur</entry>
952 <entry>reg-etur</entry>
953 <entry>audi-etur</entry>
957 <entry>ama-bimur</entry>
958 <entry>mone-bimur</entry>
959 <entry>reg-emur</entry>
960 <entry>audi-emur</entry>
964 <entry>ama-bimini</entry>
965 <entry>mone-bimini</entry>
966 <entry>reg-emini</entry>
967 <entry>audi-emini</entry>
971 <entry>ama-buntur</entry>
972 <entry>mone-buntur</entry>
973 <entry>reg-entur</entry>
974 <entry>audi-entur</entry>
985 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
986 <entry>IMPERFECT</entry>
987 <entry>ama-bar</entry>
988 <entry>mone-bar</entry>
989 <entry>rege-bar</entry>
990 <entry>audie-bar</entry>
994 <entry>ama-baris</entry>
995 <entry>mone-baris</entry>
996 <entry>rege-baris</entry>
997 <entry>audie-baris</entry>
1000 <entry>I was loved</entry>
1001 <entry>ama-batur</entry>
1002 <entry>mone-batur</entry>
1003 <entry>rege-batur</entry>
1004 <entry>audie-batur</entry>
1008 <entry>ama-bamur</entry>
1009 <entry>mone-bamur</entry>
1010 <entry>rege-bamur</entry>
1011 <entry>audie-bamur</entry>
1015 <entry>ama-bamini</entry>
1016 <entry>mone-bamini</entry>
1017 <entry>rege-bamini</entry>
1018 <entry>audie-bamini</entry>
1022 <entry>ama-bantur</entry>
1023 <entry>mone-bantur</entry>
1024 <entry>rege-bantur</entry>
1025 <entry>audie-bantur</entry>
1036 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
1037 <entry>PERFECT</entry>
1038 <entry>amatus sum</entry>
1039 <entry>monitus sum</entry>
1040 <entry>rectus sum</entry>
1041 <entry>auditus sum</entry>
1045 <entry>amatus es</entry>
1046 <entry>monitus es</entry>
1047 <entry>rectus es</entry>
1048 <entry>auditus es</entry>
1051 <entry>I have been loved</entry>
1052 <entry>amatus est</entry>
1053 <entry>monitus est</entry>
1054 <entry>rectus est</entry>
1055 <entry>auditus est</entry>
1059 <entry>amati sumus</entry>
1060 <entry>moniti sumus</entry>
1061 <entry>recti sumus</entry>
1062 <entry>auditi sumus</entry>
1066 <entry>amati estis</entry>
1067 <entry>moniti estis</entry>
1068 <entry>recti estis</entry>
1069 <entry>auditi estis</entry>
1073 <entry>amati sunt</entry>
1074 <entry>moniti sunt</entry>
1075 <entry>recti sunt</entry>
1076 <entry>auditi sunt</entry>
1087 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
1088 <entry>FUTURE PERFECT</entry>
1089 <entry>amatus ero</entry>
1090 <entry>monitus ero</entry>
1091 <entry>rectus ero</entry>
1092 <entry>auditus ero</entry>
1096 <entry>amatus eris</entry>
1097 <entry>monitus eris</entry>
1098 <entry>rectus eris</entry>
1099 <entry>auditus eris</entry>
1102 <entry>I will have been loved</entry>
1103 <entry>amatus erit</entry>
1104 <entry>monitus erit</entry>
1105 <entry>rectus erit</entry>
1106 <entry>auditus erit</entry>
1110 <entry>amati erimus</entry>
1111 <entry>moniti erimus</entry>
1112 <entry>recti erimus</entry>
1113 <entry>auditi erimus</entry>
1117 <entry>amati eritis</entry>
1118 <entry>moniti eritis</entry>
1119 <entry>recti eritis</entry>
1120 <entry>auditi eritis</entry>
1124 <entry>amati erunt</entry>
1125 <entry>moniti erunt</entry>
1126 <entry>recti erunt</entry>
1127 <entry>auditi erunt</entry>
1138 <!-- Please translate only the first entry of each row if there is one -->
1139 <entry>PLUPERFECT</entry>
1140 <entry>amatus eram</entry>
1141 <entry>monitus eram</entry>
1142 <entry>rectus eram</entry>
1143 <entry>auditus eram</entry>
1147 <entry>amatus eras</entry>
1148 <entry>monitus eras</entry>
1149 <entry>rectus eras</entry>
1150 <entry>auditus eras</entry>
1153 <entry>I had been loved</entry>
1154 <entry>amatus erat</entry>
1155 <entry>monitus erat</entry>
1156 <entry>rectus erat</entry>
1157 <entry>auditus erat</entry>
1161 <entry>amati eramus</entry>
1162 <entry>moniti eramus</entry>
1163 <entry>recti eramus</entry>
1164 <entry>auditi eramus</entry>
1168 <entry>amati eratis</entry>
1169 <entry>moniti eratis</entry>
1170 <entry>recti eratis</entry>
1171 <entry>auditi eratis</entry>
1175 <entry>amati erant</entry>
1176 <entry>moniti erant</entry>
1177 <entry>recti erant</entry>
1178 <entry>auditi erant</entry>
1184 <table frame="none">
1185 <!-- Please translate the title-->
1186 <title>Verb listings - Gerundive Passive</title>
1187 <tgroup cols="4" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
1188 <colspec colname="c1"/>
1203 <entry>am-andus,-a,-um</entry>
1204 <entry>mon-endus,-a,-um</entry>
1205 <entry>reg-endus,-a,-um</entry>
1206 <entry>aud-iendus,-a,-um</entry>
1212 <table frame="none">
1213 <!-- Please translate the title-->
1214 <title>Verb listings - Infinitive Passive</title>
1215 <tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
1216 <colspec colname="c1"/>
1219 <entry>TENSE</entry>
1233 <entry>PRESENT</entry>
1234 <entry>am-ari</entry>
1235 <entry>mon-eri</entry>
1236 <entry>reg-i</entry>
1237 <entry>aud-iri</entry>
1247 <entry>PERFECT</entry>
1248 <entry>amat-um,-am,-um esse</entry>
1249 <entry>monit-um,-am,-um esse</entry>
1250 <entry>rect-um,-am,-um esse</entry>
1251 <entry>audit-um,-am,-um esse</entry>
1255 <entry>amat-os,-as,-a esse</entry>
1256 <entry>monit-os,-as,-a esse</entry>
1257 <entry>rect-os,-as,-a esse</entry>
1258 <entry>audit-os,-as,-a esse</entry>
1268 <entry>FUTURE</entry>
1269 <entry>amat-um iri</entry>
1270 <entry>monit-um iri</entry>
1271 <entry>rect-um iri</entry>
1272 <entry>audit-um iri</entry>