isl_ctx: keep track of last error message, file and line

[isl.git] / isl_test.c

/*
 * Copyright 2008-2009 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
 * Copyright 2010      INRIA Saclay
 * Copyright 2012-2013 Ecole Normale Superieure
 * Copyright 2014      INRIA Rocquencourt
 *
 * Use of this software is governed by the MIT license
 *
 * Written by Sven Verdoolaege, K.U.Leuven, Departement
 * Computerwetenschappen, Celestijnenlaan 200A, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
 * and INRIA Saclay - Ile-de-France, Parc Club Orsay Universite,
 * ZAC des vignes, 4 rue Jacques Monod, 91893 Orsay, France
 * and Ecole Normale Superieure, 45 rue d’Ulm, 75230 Paris, France
 * and Inria Paris - Rocquencourt, Domaine de Voluceau - Rocquencourt,
 * B.P. 105 - 78153 Le Chesnay, France
 */

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <isl_ctx_private.h>
#include <isl_map_private.h>
#include <isl_aff_private.h>
#include <isl_space_private.h>
#include <isl/set.h>
#include <isl/flow.h>
#include <isl_constraint_private.h>
#include <isl/polynomial.h>
#include <isl/union_set.h>
#include <isl/union_map.h>
#include <isl_factorization.h>
#include <isl/schedule.h>
#include <isl/schedule_node.h>
#include <isl_options_private.h>
#include <isl_vertices_private.h>
#include <isl/ast_build.h>
#include <isl/val.h>
#include <isl/ilp.h>
#include <isl_ast_build_expr.h>
#include <isl/options.h>

#include "isl_srcdir.c"

#define ARRAY_SIZE(array) (sizeof(array)/sizeof(*array))

static char *get_filename(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *name, const char *suffix) {
        char *filename;
        int length;
        char *pattern = "%s/test_inputs/%s.%s";

        length = strlen(pattern) - 6 + strlen(srcdir) + strlen(name)
                + strlen(suffix) + 1;
        filename = isl_alloc_array(ctx, char, length);

        if (!filename)
                return NULL;

        sprintf(filename, pattern, srcdir, name, suffix);

        return filename;
}

void test_parse_map(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *str)
{
        isl_map *map;

        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(map);
        isl_map_free(map);
}

int test_parse_map_equal(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *str, const char *str2)
{
        isl_map *map, *map2;
        int equal;

        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str2);
        equal = isl_map_is_equal(map, map2);
        isl_map_free(map);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "maps not equal",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

void test_parse_pwqp(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *str)
{
        isl_pw_qpolynomial *pwqp;

        pwqp = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(pwqp);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp);
}

static void test_parse_pwaff(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *str)
{
        isl_pw_aff *pwaff;

        pwaff = isl_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(pwaff);
        isl_pw_aff_free(pwaff);
}

/* Check that we can read an isl_multi_val from "str" without errors.
 */
static int test_parse_multi_val(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *str)
{
        isl_multi_val *mv;

        mv = isl_multi_val_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        isl_multi_val_free(mv);

        return mv ? 0 : -1;
}

/* Pairs of binary relation representations that should represent
 * the same binary relations.
 */
struct {
        const char *map1;
        const char *map2;
} parse_map_equal_tests[] = {
        { "{ [x,y]  : [([x/2]+y)/3] >= 1 }",
          "{ [x, y] : 2y >= 6 - x }" },
        { "{ [x,y] : x <= min(y, 2*y+3) }",
          "{ [x,y] : x <= y, 2*y + 3 }" },
        { "{ [x,y] : x >= min(y, 2*y+3) }",
          "{ [x, y] : (y <= x and y >= -3) or (2y <= -3 + x and y <= -4) }" },
        { "[n] -> { [c1] : c1>=0 and c1<=floord(n-4,3) }",
          "[n] -> { [c1] : c1 >= 0 and 3c1 <= -4 + n }" },
        { "{ [i,j] -> [i] : i < j; [i,j] -> [j] : j <= i }",
          "{ [i,j] -> [min(i,j)] }" },
        { "{ [i,j] : i != j }",
          "{ [i,j] : i < j or i > j }" },
        { "{ [i,j] : (i+1)*2 >= j }",
          "{ [i, j] : j <= 2 + 2i }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i > 0 ? 4 : 5] }",
          "{ [i] -> [5] : i <= 0; [i] -> [4] : i >= 1 }" },
        { "[N=2,M] -> { [i=[(M+N)/4]] }",
          "[N, M] -> { [i] : N = 2 and 4i <= 2 + M and 4i >= -1 + M }" },
        { "{ [x] : x >= 0 }",
          "{ [x] : x-0 >= 0 }" },
        { "{ [i] : ((i > 10)) }",
          "{ [i] : i >= 11 }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [0] }",
          "{ [i] -> [0 * i] }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [b] : (not false) }",
          "{ [a] -> [b] : true }" },
        { "{ [i] : i/2 <= 5 }",
          "{ [i] : i <= 10 }" },
        { "{Sym=[n] [i] : i <= n }",
          "[n] -> { [i] : i <= n }" },
        { "{ [*] }",
          "{ [a] }" },
        { "{ [i] : 2*floor(i/2) = i }",
          "{ [i] : exists a : i = 2 a }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [b] : a = 5 implies b = 5 }",
          "{ [a] -> [b] : a != 5 or b = 5 }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [a - 1 : a > 0] }",
          "{ [a] -> [a - 1] : a > 0 }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [a - 1 : a > 0; a : a <= 0] }",
          "{ [a] -> [a - 1] : a > 0; [a] -> [a] : a <= 0 }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [(a) * 2 : a >= 0; 0 : a < 0] }",
          "{ [a] -> [2a] : a >= 0; [a] -> [0] : a < 0 }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [(a * 2) : a >= 0; 0 : a < 0] }",
          "{ [a] -> [2a] : a >= 0; [a] -> [0] : a < 0 }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [(a * 2 : a >= 0); 0 : a < 0] }",
          "{ [a] -> [2a] : a >= 0; [a] -> [0] : a < 0 }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [(a * 2 : a >= 0; 0 : a < 0)] }",
          "{ [a] -> [2a] : a >= 0; [a] -> [0] : a < 0 }" },
        { "{ [a,b] -> [i,j] : a,b << i,j }",
          "{ [a,b] -> [i,j] : a < i or (a = i and b < j) }" },
        { "{ [a,b] -> [i,j] : a,b <<= i,j }",
          "{ [a,b] -> [i,j] : a < i or (a = i and b <= j) }" },
        { "{ [a,b] -> [i,j] : a,b >> i,j }",
          "{ [a,b] -> [i,j] : a > i or (a = i and b > j) }" },
        { "{ [a,b] -> [i,j] : a,b >>= i,j }",
          "{ [a,b] -> [i,j] : a > i or (a = i and b >= j) }" },
        { "{ [n] -> [i] : exists (a, b, c: 8b <= i - 32a and "
                            "8b >= -7 + i - 32 a and b >= 0 and b <= 3 and "
                            "8c < n - 32a and i < n and c >= 0 and "
                            "c <= 3 and c >= -4a) }",
          "{ [n] -> [i] : 0 <= i < n }" },
        { "{ [x] -> [] : exists (a, b: 0 <= a <= 1 and 0 <= b <= 3 and "
                            "2b <= x - 8a and 2b >= -1 + x - 8a) }",
          "{ [x] -> [] : 0 <= x <= 15 }" },
        { "{ [x] -> [x] : }",
          "{ [x] -> [x] }" },
};

int test_parse(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_map *map, *map2;
        const char *str, *str2;

        if (test_parse_multi_val(ctx, "{ A[B[2] -> C[5, 7]] }") < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_parse_multi_val(ctx, "[n] -> { [2] }") < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_parse_multi_val(ctx, "{ A[4, infty, NaN, -1/2, 2/3] }") < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [i] -> [-i] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(map);
        isl_map_free(map);

        str = "{ A[i] -> L[([i/3])] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(map);
        isl_map_free(map);

        test_parse_map(ctx, "{[[s] -> A[i]] -> [[s+1] -> A[i]]}");
        test_parse_map(ctx, "{ [p1, y1, y2] -> [2, y1, y2] : "
                                "p1 = 1 && (y1 <= y2 || y2 = 0) }");

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(parse_map_equal_tests); ++i) {
                str = parse_map_equal_tests[i].map1;
                str2 = parse_map_equal_tests[i].map2;
                if (test_parse_map_equal(ctx, str, str2) < 0)
                        return -1;
        }

        str = "{[new,old] -> [new+1-2*[(new+1)/2],old+1-2*[(old+1)/2]]}";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [new, old] -> [o0, o1] : "
               "exists (e0 = [(-1 - new + o0)/2], e1 = [(-1 - old + o1)/2]: "
               "2e0 = -1 - new + o0 and 2e1 = -1 - old + o1 and o0 >= 0 and "
               "o0 <= 1 and o1 >= 0 and o1 <= 1) }";
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        str = "{[new,old] -> [new+1-2*[(new+1)/2],old+1-2*[(old+1)/2]]}";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{[new,old] -> [(new+1)%2,(old+1)%2]}";
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        test_parse_pwqp(ctx, "{ [i] -> i + [ (i + [i/3])/2 ] }");
        test_parse_map(ctx, "{ S1[i] -> [([i/10]),i%10] : 0 <= i <= 45 }");
        test_parse_pwaff(ctx, "{ [i] -> [i + 1] : i > 0; [a] -> [a] : a < 0 }");
        test_parse_pwqp(ctx, "{ [x] -> ([(x)/2] * [(x)/3]) }");
        test_parse_pwaff(ctx, "{ [] -> [(100)] }");

        return 0;
}

static int test_read(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        char *filename;
        FILE *input;
        isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;
        const char *str = "{[y]: Exists ( alpha : 2alpha = y)}";
        int equal;

        filename = get_filename(ctx, "set", "omega");
        assert(filename);
        input = fopen(filename, "r");
        assert(input);

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        equal = isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2);

        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
        free(filename);

        fclose(input);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "read sets not equal", return -1);

        return 0;
}

static int test_bounded(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_set *set;
        isl_bool bounded;

        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, "[n] -> {[i] : 0 <= i <= n }");
        bounded = isl_set_is_bounded(set);
        isl_set_free(set);

        if (bounded < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!bounded)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "set not considered bounded", return -1);

        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, "{[n, i] : 0 <= i <= n }");
        bounded = isl_set_is_bounded(set);
        assert(!bounded);
        isl_set_free(set);

        if (bounded < 0)
                return -1;
        if (bounded)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "set considered bounded", return -1);

        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, "[n] -> {[i] : i <= n }");
        bounded = isl_set_is_bounded(set);
        isl_set_free(set);

        if (bounded < 0)
                return -1;
        if (bounded)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "set considered bounded", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Construct the basic set { [i] : 5 <= i <= N } */
static int test_construction_1(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_space *dim;
        isl_local_space *ls;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_constraint *c;

        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 1, 1);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_inequality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_param, 0, 1);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_inequality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, -5);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        return 0;
}

/* Construct the basic set { [x] : -100 <= x <= 100 }
 * using isl_basic_set_{lower,upper}_bound_val and
 * check that it is equal the same basic set parsed from a string.
 */
static int test_construction_2(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_bool equal;
        isl_val *v;
        isl_space *space;
        isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;

        v = isl_val_int_from_si(ctx, 100);
        space = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 1);
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_universe(space);
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_upper_bound_val(bset1, isl_dim_set, 0,
                                                isl_val_copy(v));
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_lower_bound_val(bset1, isl_dim_set, 0,
                                                isl_val_neg(v));
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [x] : -100 <= x <= 100 }");
        equal = isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "failed construction", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Basic tests for constructing basic sets.
 */
static int test_construction(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_construction_1(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_construction_2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

static int test_dim(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_map *map1, *map2;
        int equal;

        map1 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
            "[n] -> { [i] -> [j] : exists (a = [i/10] : i - 10a <= n ) }");
        map1 = isl_map_add_dims(map1, isl_dim_in, 1);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
            "[n] -> { [i,k] -> [j] : exists (a = [i/10] : i - 10a <= n ) }");
        equal = isl_map_is_equal(map1, map2);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        map1 = isl_map_project_out(map1, isl_dim_in, 0, 1);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, "[n] -> { [i] -> [j] : n >= 0 }");
        if (equal >= 0 && equal)
                equal = isl_map_is_equal(map1, map2);

        isl_map_free(map1);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected result", return -1);

        str = "[n] -> { [i] -> [] : exists a : 0 <= i <= n and i = 2 a }";
        map1 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [i] -> [j] : exists a : 0 <= i <= j and i = 2 a }";
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map1 = isl_map_move_dims(map1, isl_dim_out, 0, isl_dim_param, 0, 1);
        equal = isl_map_is_equal(map1, map2);
        isl_map_free(map1);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected result", return -1);

        return 0;
}

struct {
        __isl_give isl_val *(*op)(__isl_take isl_val *v);
        const char *arg;
        const char *res;
} val_un_tests[] = {
        { &isl_val_neg, "0", "0" },
        { &isl_val_abs, "0", "0" },
        { &isl_val_2exp, "0", "1" },
        { &isl_val_floor, "0", "0" },
        { &isl_val_ceil, "0", "0" },
        { &isl_val_neg, "1", "-1" },
        { &isl_val_neg, "-1", "1" },
        { &isl_val_neg, "1/2", "-1/2" },
        { &isl_val_neg, "-1/2", "1/2" },
        { &isl_val_neg, "infty", "-infty" },
        { &isl_val_neg, "-infty", "infty" },
        { &isl_val_neg, "NaN", "NaN" },
        { &isl_val_abs, "1", "1" },
        { &isl_val_abs, "-1", "1" },
        { &isl_val_abs, "1/2", "1/2" },
        { &isl_val_abs, "-1/2", "1/2" },
        { &isl_val_abs, "infty", "infty" },
        { &isl_val_abs, "-infty", "infty" },
        { &isl_val_abs, "NaN", "NaN" },
        { &isl_val_floor, "1", "1" },
        { &isl_val_floor, "-1", "-1" },
        { &isl_val_floor, "1/2", "0" },
        { &isl_val_floor, "-1/2", "-1" },
        { &isl_val_floor, "infty", "infty" },
        { &isl_val_floor, "-infty", "-infty" },
        { &isl_val_floor, "NaN", "NaN" },
        { &isl_val_ceil, "1", "1" },
        { &isl_val_ceil, "-1", "-1" },
        { &isl_val_ceil, "1/2", "1" },
        { &isl_val_ceil, "-1/2", "0" },
        { &isl_val_ceil, "infty", "infty" },
        { &isl_val_ceil, "-infty", "-infty" },
        { &isl_val_ceil, "NaN", "NaN" },
        { &isl_val_2exp, "-3", "1/8" },
        { &isl_val_2exp, "-1", "1/2" },
        { &isl_val_2exp, "1", "2" },
        { &isl_val_2exp, "2", "4" },
        { &isl_val_2exp, "3", "8" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "1", "1" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "2", "1/2" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "1/2", "2" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "-2", "-1/2" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "-1/2", "-2" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "0", "NaN" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "NaN", "NaN" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "infty", "0" },
        { &isl_val_inv, "-infty", "0" },
};

/* Perform some basic tests of unary operations on isl_val objects.
 */
static int test_un_val(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_val *v, *res;
        __isl_give isl_val *(*fn)(__isl_take isl_val *v);
        isl_bool ok, is_nan;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(val_un_tests); ++i) {
                v = isl_val_read_from_str(ctx, val_un_tests[i].arg);
                res = isl_val_read_from_str(ctx, val_un_tests[i].res);
                fn = val_un_tests[i].op;
                v = fn(v);
                is_nan = isl_val_is_nan(res);
                if (is_nan < 0)
                        ok = isl_bool_error;
                else if (is_nan)
                        ok = isl_val_is_nan(v);
                else
                        ok = isl_val_eq(v, res);
                isl_val_free(v);
                isl_val_free(res);
                if (ok < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!ok)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        __isl_give isl_val *(*fn)(__isl_take isl_val *v1,
                                __isl_take isl_val *v2);
} val_bin_op[] = {
        ['+'] = { &isl_val_add },
        ['-'] = { &isl_val_sub },
        ['*'] = { &isl_val_mul },
        ['/'] = { &isl_val_div },
        ['g'] = { &isl_val_gcd },
        ['m'] = { &isl_val_min },
        ['M'] = { &isl_val_max },
};

struct {
        const char *arg1;
        unsigned char op;
        const char *arg2;
        const char *res;
} val_bin_tests[] = {
        { "0", '+', "0", "0" },
        { "1", '+', "0", "1" },
        { "1", '+', "1", "2" },
        { "1", '-', "1", "0" },
        { "1", '*', "1", "1" },
        { "1", '/', "1", "1" },
        { "2", '*', "3", "6" },
        { "2", '*', "1/2", "1" },
        { "2", '*', "1/3", "2/3" },
        { "2/3", '*', "3/5", "2/5" },
        { "2/3", '*', "7/5", "14/15" },
        { "2", '/', "1/2", "4" },
        { "-2", '/', "-1/2", "4" },
        { "-2", '/', "1/2", "-4" },
        { "2", '/', "-1/2", "-4" },
        { "2", '/', "2", "1" },
        { "2", '/', "3", "2/3" },
        { "2/3", '/', "5/3", "2/5" },
        { "2/3", '/', "5/7", "14/15" },
        { "0", '/', "0", "NaN" },
        { "42", '/', "0", "NaN" },
        { "-42", '/', "0", "NaN" },
        { "infty", '/', "0", "NaN" },
        { "-infty", '/', "0", "NaN" },
        { "NaN", '/', "0", "NaN" },
        { "0", '/', "NaN", "NaN" },
        { "42", '/', "NaN", "NaN" },
        { "-42", '/', "NaN", "NaN" },
        { "infty", '/', "NaN", "NaN" },
        { "-infty", '/', "NaN", "NaN" },
        { "NaN", '/', "NaN", "NaN" },
        { "0", '/', "infty", "0" },
        { "42", '/', "infty", "0" },
        { "-42", '/', "infty", "0" },
        { "infty", '/', "infty", "NaN" },
        { "-infty", '/', "infty", "NaN" },
        { "NaN", '/', "infty", "NaN" },
        { "0", '/', "-infty", "0" },
        { "42", '/', "-infty", "0" },
        { "-42", '/', "-infty", "0" },
        { "infty", '/', "-infty", "NaN" },
        { "-infty", '/', "-infty", "NaN" },
        { "NaN", '/', "-infty", "NaN" },
        { "1", '-', "1/3", "2/3" },
        { "1/3", '+', "1/2", "5/6" },
        { "1/2", '+', "1/2", "1" },
        { "3/4", '-', "1/4", "1/2" },
        { "1/2", '-', "1/3", "1/6" },
        { "infty", '+', "42", "infty" },
        { "infty", '+', "infty", "infty" },
        { "42", '+', "infty", "infty" },
        { "infty", '-', "infty", "NaN" },
        { "infty", '*', "infty", "infty" },
        { "infty", '*', "-infty", "-infty" },
        { "-infty", '*', "infty", "-infty" },
        { "-infty", '*', "-infty", "infty" },
        { "0", '*', "infty", "NaN" },
        { "1", '*', "infty", "infty" },
        { "infty", '*', "0", "NaN" },
        { "infty", '*', "42", "infty" },
        { "42", '-', "infty", "-infty" },
        { "infty", '+', "-infty", "NaN" },
        { "4", 'g', "6", "2" },
        { "5", 'g', "6", "1" },
        { "42", 'm', "3", "3" },
        { "42", 'M', "3", "42" },
        { "3", 'm', "42", "3" },
        { "3", 'M', "42", "42" },
        { "42", 'm', "infty", "42" },
        { "42", 'M', "infty", "infty" },
        { "42", 'm', "-infty", "-infty" },
        { "42", 'M', "-infty", "42" },
        { "42", 'm', "NaN", "NaN" },
        { "42", 'M', "NaN", "NaN" },
        { "infty", 'm', "-infty", "-infty" },
        { "infty", 'M', "-infty", "infty" },
};

/* Perform some basic tests of binary operations on isl_val objects.
 */
static int test_bin_val(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_val *v1, *v2, *res;
        __isl_give isl_val *(*fn)(__isl_take isl_val *v1,
                                __isl_take isl_val *v2);
        int ok;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(val_bin_tests); ++i) {
                v1 = isl_val_read_from_str(ctx, val_bin_tests[i].arg1);
                v2 = isl_val_read_from_str(ctx, val_bin_tests[i].arg2);
                res = isl_val_read_from_str(ctx, val_bin_tests[i].res);
                fn = val_bin_op[val_bin_tests[i].op].fn;
                v1 = fn(v1, v2);
                if (isl_val_is_nan(res))
                        ok = isl_val_is_nan(v1);
                else
                        ok = isl_val_eq(v1, res);
                isl_val_free(v1);
                isl_val_free(res);
                if (ok < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!ok)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

/* Perform some basic tests on isl_val objects.
 */
static int test_val(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_un_val(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_bin_val(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

/* Sets described using existentially quantified variables that
 * can also be described without.
 */
static const char *elimination_tests[] = {
        "{ [i,j] : 2 * [i/2] + 3 * [j/4] <= 10 and 2 i = j }",
        "{ [m, w] : exists a : w - 2m - 5 <= 3a <= m - 2w }",
        "{ [m, w] : exists a : w >= 0 and a < m and -1 + w <= a <= 2m - w }",
};

/* Check that redundant existentially quantified variables are
 * getting removed.
 */
static int test_elimination(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        unsigned n;
        isl_basic_set *bset;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(elimination_tests); ++i) {
                bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, elimination_tests[i]);
                n = isl_basic_set_dim(bset, isl_dim_div);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset);
                if (!bset)
                        return -1;
                if (n != 0)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "expecting no existentials", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int test_div(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        int empty;
        isl_space *dim;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_local_space *ls;
        struct isl_basic_set *bset;
        struct isl_constraint *c;

        /* test 1 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 1, 2);

        assert(bset && bset->n_div == 1);
        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        /* test 2 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 1, 2);

        assert(bset && bset->n_div == 1);
        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        /* test 3 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, -3);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, 4);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 1, 2);

        assert(bset && bset->n_div == 1);
        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        /* test 4 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, 2);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, 6);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 1, 2);

        assert(isl_basic_set_is_empty(bset));
        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        /* test 5 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, -3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 2, 1);

        assert(bset && bset->n_div == 0);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        isl_local_space_free(ls);

        /* test 6 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, 6);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, -3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 2, 1);

        assert(bset && bset->n_div == 1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        isl_local_space_free(ls);

        /* test 7 */
        /* This test is a bit tricky.  We set up an equality
         *              a + 3b + 3c = 6 e0
         * Normalization of divs creates _two_ divs
         *              a = 3 e0
         *              c - b - e0 = 2 e1
         * Afterwards e0 is removed again because it has coefficient -1
         * and we end up with the original equality and div again.
         * Perhaps we can avoid the introduction of this temporary div.
         */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 4);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, -3);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, -3);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 3, 6);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 3, 1);

        /* Test disabled for now */
        /*
        assert(bset && bset->n_div == 1);
        */
        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        /* test 8 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 5);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, -3);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 3, -3);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 4, 6);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, 1);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 4, 1);

        /* Test disabled for now */
        /*
        assert(bset && bset->n_div == 1);
        */
        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        /* test 9 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 4);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 1, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, -2);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, -1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 3, 3);
        c = isl_constraint_set_constant_si(c, 2);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 2, 2);

        bset = isl_basic_set_fix_si(bset, isl_dim_set, 0, 2);

        assert(!isl_basic_set_is_empty(bset));

        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        /* test 10 */
        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 3);
        bset = isl_basic_set_universe(isl_space_copy(dim));
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(dim);

        c = isl_constraint_alloc_equality(isl_local_space_copy(ls));
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 0, 1);
        c = isl_constraint_set_coefficient_si(c, isl_dim_set, 2, -2);
        bset = isl_basic_set_add_constraint(bset, c);

        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 2, 1);

        bset = isl_basic_set_fix_si(bset, isl_dim_set, 0, 2);

        isl_local_space_free(ls);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        str = "{ [i] : exists (e0, e1: 3e1 >= 1 + 2e0 and "
            "8e1 <= -1 + 5i - 5e0 and 2e1 >= 1 + 2i - 5e0) }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_compute_divs(set);
        isl_set_free(set);
        if (!set)
                return -1;

        if (test_elimination(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [i,j,k] : 3 + i + 2j >= 0 and 2 * [(i+2j)/4] <= k }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_remove_divs_involving_dims(set, isl_dim_set, 0, 2);
        set = isl_set_fix_si(set, isl_dim_set, 2, -3);
        empty = isl_set_is_empty(set);
        isl_set_free(set);
        if (empty < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!empty)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "result not as accurate as expected", return -1);

        return 0;
}

void test_application_case(struct isl_ctx *ctx, const char *name)
{
        char *filename;
        FILE *input;
        struct isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;
        struct isl_basic_map *bmap;

        filename = get_filename(ctx, name, "omega");
        assert(filename);
        input = fopen(filename, "r");
        assert(input);

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);
        bmap = isl_basic_map_read_from_file(ctx, input);

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_apply(bset1, bmap);

        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);

        assert(isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2) == 1);

        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
        free(filename);

        fclose(input);
}

static int test_application(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        test_application_case(ctx, "application");
        test_application_case(ctx, "application2");

        return 0;
}

void test_affine_hull_case(struct isl_ctx *ctx, const char *name)
{
        char *filename;
        FILE *input;
        struct isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;

        filename = get_filename(ctx, name, "polylib");
        assert(filename);
        input = fopen(filename, "r");
        assert(input);

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_affine_hull(bset1);

        assert(isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2) == 1);

        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
        free(filename);

        fclose(input);
}

int test_affine_hull(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_basic_set *bset, *bset2;
        int n;
        int subset;

        test_affine_hull_case(ctx, "affine2");
        test_affine_hull_case(ctx, "affine");
        test_affine_hull_case(ctx, "affine3");

        str = "[m] -> { [i0] : exists (e0, e1: e1 <= 1 + i0 and "
                        "m >= 3 and 4i0 <= 2 + m and e1 >= i0 and "
                        "e1 >= 0 and e1 <= 2 and e1 >= 1 + 2e0 and "
                        "2e1 <= 1 + m + 4e0 and 2e1 >= 2 - m + 4i0 - 4e0) }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        bset = isl_set_affine_hull(set);
        n = isl_basic_set_dim(bset, isl_dim_div);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        if (n != 0)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "not expecting any divs",
                        return -1);

        /* Check that isl_map_affine_hull is not confused by
         * the reordering of divs in isl_map_align_divs.
         */
        str = "{ [a, b, c, 0] : exists (e0 = [(b)/32], e1 = [(c)/32]: "
                                "32e0 = b and 32e1 = c); "
                "[a, 0, c, 0] : exists (e0 = [(c)/32]: 32e0 = c) }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        bset = isl_set_affine_hull(set);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        if (!bset)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [a] : exists e0, e1, e2: 32e1 = 31 + 31a + 31e0 and "
                        "32e2 = 31 + 31e0 }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        bset = isl_set_affine_hull(set);
        str = "{ [a] : exists e : a = 32 e }";
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        subset = isl_basic_set_is_subset(bset, bset2);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
        if (subset < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!subset)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "not as accurate as expected",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Pairs of maps and the corresponding expected results of
 * isl_map_plain_unshifted_simple_hull.
 */
struct {
        const char *map;
        const char *hull;
} plain_unshifted_simple_hull_tests[] = {
        { "{ [i] -> [j] : i >= 1 and j >= 1 or i >= 2 and j <= 10 }",
          "{ [i] -> [j] : i >= 1 }" },
        { "{ [n] -> [i,j,k] : (i mod 3 = 2 and j mod 4 = 2) or "
                "(j mod 4 = 2 and k mod 6 = n) }",
          "{ [n] -> [i,j,k] : j mod 4 = 2 }" },
};

/* Basic tests for isl_map_plain_unshifted_simple_hull.
 */
static int test_plain_unshifted_simple_hull(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_map *map;
        isl_basic_map *hull, *expected;
        isl_bool equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(plain_unshifted_simple_hull_tests); ++i) {
                const char *str;
                str = plain_unshifted_simple_hull_tests[i].map;
                map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                str = plain_unshifted_simple_hull_tests[i].hull;
                expected = isl_basic_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                hull = isl_map_plain_unshifted_simple_hull(map);
                equal = isl_basic_map_is_equal(hull, expected);
                isl_basic_map_free(hull);
                isl_basic_map_free(expected);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected hull",
                                return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

/* Pairs of sets and the corresponding expected results of
 * isl_set_unshifted_simple_hull.
 */
struct {
        const char *set;
        const char *hull;
} unshifted_simple_hull_tests[] = {
        { "{ [0,x,y] : x <= -1; [1,x,y] : x <= y <= -x; [2,x,y] : x <= 1 }",
          "{ [t,x,y] : 0 <= t <= 2 and x <= 1 }" },
};

/* Basic tests for isl_set_unshifted_simple_hull.
 */
static int test_unshifted_simple_hull(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_basic_set *hull, *expected;
        isl_bool equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unshifted_simple_hull_tests); ++i) {
                const char *str;
                str = unshifted_simple_hull_tests[i].set;
                set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                str = unshifted_simple_hull_tests[i].hull;
                expected = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                hull = isl_set_unshifted_simple_hull(set);
                equal = isl_basic_set_is_equal(hull, expected);
                isl_basic_set_free(hull);
                isl_basic_set_free(expected);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected hull",
                                return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int test_simple_hull(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_bool is_empty;

        str = "{ [x, y] : 3y <= 2x and y >= -2 + 2x and 2y >= 2 - x;"
                "[y, x] : 3y <= 2x and y >= -2 + 2x and 2y >= 2 - x }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        bset = isl_set_simple_hull(set);
        is_empty = isl_basic_set_is_empty(bset);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        if (is_empty == isl_bool_error)
                return -1;

        if (is_empty == isl_bool_false)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "Empty set should be detected",
                        return -1);

        if (test_plain_unshifted_simple_hull(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_unshifted_simple_hull(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

void test_convex_hull_case(struct isl_ctx *ctx, const char *name)
{
        char *filename;
        FILE *input;
        struct isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;
        struct isl_set *set;

        filename = get_filename(ctx, name, "polylib");
        assert(filename);
        input = fopen(filename, "r");
        assert(input);

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);

        set = isl_basic_set_union(bset1, bset2);
        bset1 = isl_set_convex_hull(set);

        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);

        assert(isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2) == 1);

        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
        free(filename);

        fclose(input);
}

struct {
        const char *set;
        const char *hull;
} convex_hull_tests[] = {
        { "{ [i0, i1, i2] : (i2 = 1 and i0 = 0 and i1 >= 0) or "
               "(i0 = 1 and i1 = 0 and i2 = 1) or "
               "(i0 = 0 and i1 = 0 and i2 = 0) }",
          "{ [i0, i1, i2] : i0 >= 0 and i2 >= i0 and i2 <= 1 and i1 >= 0 }" },
        { "[n] -> { [i0, i1, i0] : i0 <= -4 + n; "
            "[i0, i0, i2] : n = 6 and i0 >= 0 and i2 <= 7 - i0 and "
            "i2 <= 5 and i2 >= 4; "
            "[3, i1, 3] : n = 5 and i1 <= 2 and i1 >= 0 }",
          "[n] -> { [i0, i1, i2] : i2 <= -1 + n and 2i2 <= -6 + 3n - i0 and "
            "i2 <= 5 + i0 and i2 >= i0 }" },
        { "{ [x, y] : 3y <= 2x and y >= -2 + 2x and 2y >= 2 - x }",
            "{ [x, y] : 1 = 0 }" },
        { "{ [x, y, z] : 0 <= x, y, z <= 10; [x, y, 0] : x >= 0 and y > 0; "
            "[x, y, 0] : x >= 0 and y < 0 }",
            "{ [x, y, z] : x >= 0 and 0 <= z <= 10 }" },
};

static int test_convex_hull_algo(isl_ctx *ctx, int convex)
{
        int i;
        int orig_convex = ctx->opt->convex;
        ctx->opt->convex = convex;

        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex0");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex1");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex2");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex3");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex4");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex5");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex6");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex7");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex8");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex9");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex10");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex11");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex12");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex13");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex14");
        test_convex_hull_case(ctx, "convex15");

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(convex_hull_tests); ++i) {
                isl_set *set1, *set2;
                int equal;

                set1 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, convex_hull_tests[i].set);
                set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, convex_hull_tests[i].hull);
                set1 = isl_set_from_basic_set(isl_set_convex_hull(set1));
                equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
                isl_set_free(set1);
                isl_set_free(set2);

                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected convex hull", return -1);
        }

        ctx->opt->convex = orig_convex;

        return 0;
}

static int test_convex_hull(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_convex_hull_algo(ctx, ISL_CONVEX_HULL_FM) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_convex_hull_algo(ctx, ISL_CONVEX_HULL_WRAP) < 0)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

void test_gist_case(struct isl_ctx *ctx, const char *name)
{
        char *filename;
        FILE *input;
        struct isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;

        filename = get_filename(ctx, name, "polylib");
        assert(filename);
        input = fopen(filename, "r");
        assert(input);

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_gist(bset1, bset2);

        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_file(ctx, input);

        assert(isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2) == 1);

        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
        free(filename);

        fclose(input);
}

/* Inputs to isl_map_plain_gist_basic_map, along with the expected output.
 */
struct {
        const char *map;
        const char *context;
        const char *gist;
} plain_gist_tests[] = {
        { "{ [i] -> [j] : i >= 1 and j >= 1 or i >= 2 and j <= 10 }",
          "{ [i] -> [j] : i >= 1 }",
          "{ [i] -> [j] : j >= 1 or i >= 2 and j <= 10 }" },
        { "{ [n] -> [i,j,k] : (i mod 3 = 2 and j mod 4 = 2) or "
                "(j mod 4 = 2 and k mod 6 = n) }",
          "{ [n] -> [i,j,k] : j mod 4 = 2 }",
          "{ [n] -> [i,j,k] : (i mod 3 = 2) or (k mod 6 = n) }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [j] : i > j and (exists a,b : i <= 2a + 5b <= 2) }",
          "{ [i] -> [j] : i > j }",
          "{ [i] -> [j] : exists a,b : i <= 2a + 5b <= 2 }" },
};

/* Basic tests for isl_map_plain_gist_basic_map.
 */
static int test_plain_gist(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(plain_gist_tests); ++i) {
                const char *str;
                int equal;
                isl_map *map, *gist;
                isl_basic_map *context;

                map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, plain_gist_tests[i].map);
                str = plain_gist_tests[i].context;
                context = isl_basic_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                map = isl_map_plain_gist_basic_map(map, context);
                gist = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, plain_gist_tests[i].gist);
                equal = isl_map_is_equal(map, gist);
                isl_map_free(map);
                isl_map_free(gist);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "incorrect gist result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *set;
        const char *context;
        const char *gist;
} gist_tests[] = {
        { "{ [a, b, c] : a <= 15 and a >= 1 }",
          "{ [a, b, c] : exists (e0 = floor((-1 + a)/16): a >= 1 and "
                        "c <= 30 and 32e0 >= -62 + 2a + 2b - c and b >= 0) }",
          "{ [a, b, c] : a <= 15 }" },
        { "{ : }", "{ : 1 = 0 }", "{ : }" },
        { "{ : 1 = 0 }", "{ : 1 = 0 }", "{ : }" },
        { "[M] -> { [x] : exists (e0 = floor((-2 + x)/3): 3e0 = -2 + x) }",
          "[M] -> { [3M] }" , "[M] -> { [x] : 1 = 0 }" },
        { "{ [m, n, a, b] : a <= 2147 + n }",
          "{ [m, n, a, b] : (m >= 1 and n >= 1 and a <= 2148 - m and "
                        "b <= 2148 - n and b >= 0 and b >= 2149 - n - a) or "
                        "(n >= 1 and a >= 0 and b <= 2148 - n - a and "
                        "b >= 0) }",
          "{ [m, n, ku, kl] }" },
        { "{ [a, a, b] : a >= 10 }",
          "{ [a, b, c] : c >= a and c <= b and c >= 2 }",
          "{ [a, a, b] : a >= 10 }" },
        { "{ [i, j] : i >= 0 and i + j >= 0 }", "{ [i, j] : i <= 0 }",
          "{ [0, j] : j >= 0 }" },
        /* Check that no constraints on i6 are introduced in the gist */
        { "[t1] -> { [i4, i6] : exists (e0 = floor((1530 - 4t1 - 5i4)/20): "
                "20e0 <= 1530 - 4t1 - 5i4 and 20e0 >= 1511 - 4t1 - 5i4 and "
                "5e0 <= 381 - t1 and i4 <= 1) }",
          "[t1] -> { [i4, i6] : exists (e0 = floor((-t1 + i6)/5): "
                "5e0 = -t1 + i6 and i6 <= 6 and i6 >= 3) }",
          "[t1] -> { [i4, i6] : exists (e0 = floor((1530 - 4t1 - 5i4)/20): "
                "i4 <= 1 and 5e0 <= 381 - t1 and 20e0 <= 1530 - 4t1 - 5i4 and "
                "20e0 >= 1511 - 4t1 - 5i4) }" },
        /* Check that no constraints on i6 are introduced in the gist */
        { "[t1, t2] -> { [i4, i5, i6] : exists (e0 = floor((1 + i4)/2), "
                "e1 = floor((1530 - 4t1 - 5i4)/20), "
                "e2 = floor((-4t1 - 5i4 + 10*floor((1 + i4)/2))/20), "
                "e3 = floor((-1 + i4)/2): t2 = 0 and 2e3 = -1 + i4 and "
                        "20e2 >= -19 - 4t1 - 5i4 + 10e0 and 5e2 <= 1 - t1 and "
                        "2e0 <= 1 + i4 and 2e0 >= i4 and "
                        "20e1 <= 1530 - 4t1 - 5i4 and "
                        "20e1 >= 1511 - 4t1 - 5i4 and i4 <= 1 and "
                        "5e1 <= 381 - t1 and 20e2 <= -4t1 - 5i4 + 10e0) }",
          "[t1, t2] -> { [i4, i5, i6] : exists (e0 = floor((-17 + i4)/2), "
                "e1 = floor((-t1 + i6)/5): 5e1 = -t1 + i6 and "
                        "2e0 <= -17 + i4 and 2e0 >= -18 + i4 and "
                        "10e0 <= -91 + 5i4 + 4i6 and "
                        "10e0 >= -105 + 5i4 + 4i6) }",
          "[t1, t2] -> { [i4, i5, i6] : exists (e0 = floor((381 - t1)/5), "
                "e1 = floor((-1 + i4)/2): t2 = 0 and 2e1 = -1 + i4 and "
                "i4 <= 1 and 5e0 <= 381 - t1 and 20e0 >= 1511 - 4t1 - 5i4) }" },
        { "{ [0, 0, q, p] : -5 <= q <= 5 and p >= 0 }",
          "{ [a, b, q, p] : b >= 1 + a }",
          "{ [a, b, q, p] : false }" },
        { "[n] -> { [x] : x = n && x mod 32 = 0 }",
          "[n] -> { [x] : x mod 32 = 0 }",
          "[n] -> { [x = n] }" },
        { "{ [x] : x mod 6 = 0 }", "{ [x] : x mod 3 = 0 }",
          "{ [x] : x mod 2 = 0 }" },
        { "{ [x] : x mod 3200 = 0 }", "{ [x] : x mod 10000 = 0 }",
          "{ [x] : x mod 128 = 0 }" },
        { "{ [x] : x mod 3200 = 0 }", "{ [x] : x mod 10 = 0 }",
          "{ [x] : x mod 3200 = 0 }" },
        { "{ [a, b, c] : a mod 2 = 0 and a = c }",
          "{ [a, b, c] : b mod 2 = 0 and b = c }",
          "{ [a, b, c = a] }" },
        { "{ [a, b, c] : a mod 6 = 0 and a = c }",
          "{ [a, b, c] : b mod 2 = 0 and b = c }",
          "{ [a, b, c = a] : a mod 3 = 0 }" },
        { "{ [x] : 0 <= x <= 4 or 6 <= x <= 9 }",
          "{ [x] : 1 <= x <= 3 or 7 <= x <= 8 }",
          "{ [x] }" },
        { "{ [x,y] : x < 0 and 0 <= y <= 4 or x >= -2 and -x <= y <= 10 + x }",
          "{ [x,y] : 1 <= y <= 3 }",
          "{ [x,y] }" },
};

/* Check that isl_set_gist behaves as expected.
 *
 * For the test cases in gist_tests, besides checking that the result
 * is as expected, also check that applying the gist operation does
 * not modify the input set (an earlier version of isl would do that) and
 * that the test case is consistent, i.e., that the gist has the same
 * intersection with the context as the input set.
 */
static int test_gist(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;
        isl_map *map1, *map2;
        int equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(gist_tests); ++i) {
                int equal_input, equal_intersection;
                isl_set *set1, *set2, *copy, *context;

                set1 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, gist_tests[i].set);
                context = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, gist_tests[i].context);
                copy = isl_set_copy(set1);
                set1 = isl_set_gist(set1, isl_set_copy(context));
                set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, gist_tests[i].gist);
                equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
                isl_set_free(set1);
                set1 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, gist_tests[i].set);
                equal_input = isl_set_is_equal(set1, copy);
                isl_set_free(copy);
                set1 = isl_set_intersect(set1, isl_set_copy(context));
                set2 = isl_set_intersect(set2, context);
                equal_intersection = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
                isl_set_free(set2);
                isl_set_free(set1);
                if (equal < 0 || equal_input < 0 || equal_intersection < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "incorrect gist result", return -1);
                if (!equal_input)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "gist modified input", return -1);
                if (!equal_input)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "inconsistent gist test case", return -1);
        }

        test_gist_case(ctx, "gist1");

        str = "[p0, p2, p3, p5, p6, p10] -> { [] : "
            "exists (e0 = [(15 + p0 + 15p6 + 15p10)/16], e1 = [(p5)/8], "
            "e2 = [(p6)/128], e3 = [(8p2 - p5)/128], "
            "e4 = [(128p3 - p6)/4096]: 8e1 = p5 and 128e2 = p6 and "
            "128e3 = 8p2 - p5 and 4096e4 = 128p3 - p6 and p2 >= 0 and "
            "16e0 >= 16 + 16p6 + 15p10 and  p2 <= 15 and p3 >= 0 and "
            "p3 <= 31 and  p6 >= 128p3 and p5 >= 8p2 and p10 >= 0 and "
            "16e0 <= 15 + p0 + 15p6 + 15p10 and 16e0 >= p0 + 15p6 + 15p10 and "
            "p10 <= 15 and p10 <= -1 + p0 - p6) }";
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "[p0, p2, p3, p5, p6, p10] -> { [] : exists (e0 = [(p5)/8], "
            "e1 = [(p6)/128], e2 = [(8p2 - p5)/128], "
            "e3 = [(128p3 - p6)/4096]: 8e0 = p5 and 128e1 = p6 and "
            "128e2 = 8p2 - p5 and 4096e3 = 128p3 - p6 and p5 >= -7 and "
            "p2 >= 0 and 8p2 <= -1 + p0 and p2 <= 15 and p3 >= 0 and "
            "p3 <= 31 and 128p3 <= -1 + p0 and p6 >= -127 and "
            "p5 <= -1 + p0 and p6 <= -1 + p0 and p6 >= 128p3 and "
            "p0 >= 1 and p5 >= 8p2 and p10 >= 0 and p10 <= 15 ) }";
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_gist(bset1, bset2);
        assert(bset1 && bset1->n_div == 0);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);

        /* Check that the integer divisions of the second disjunct
         * do not spread to the first disjunct.
         */
        str = "[t1] -> { S_0[] -> A[o0] : (exists (e0 = [(-t1 + o0)/16]: "
                "16e0 = -t1 + o0 and o0 >= 0 and o0 <= 15 and t1 >= 0)) or "
                "(exists (e0 = [(-1 + t1)/16], "
                        "e1 = [(-16 + t1 - 16e0)/4294967296]: "
                        "4294967296e1 = -16 + t1 - o0 - 16e0 and "
                        "16e0 <= -1 + t1 and 16e0 >= -16 + t1 and o0 >= 0 and "
                        "o0 <= 4294967295 and t1 <= -1)) }";
        map1 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "[t1] -> { S_0[] -> A[o0] : t1 >= 0 and t1 <= 4294967295 }";
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map1 = isl_map_gist(map1, map2);
        if (!map1)
                return -1;
        if (map1->n != 1)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "expecting single disjunct",
                        isl_map_free(map1); return -1);
        if (isl_basic_map_dim(map1->p[0], isl_dim_div) != 1)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "expecting single div",
                        isl_map_free(map1); return -1);
        isl_map_free(map1);

        if (test_plain_gist(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

int test_coalesce_set(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *str, int check_one)
{
        isl_set *set, *set2;
        int equal;
        int one;

        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_coalesce(set);
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set, set2);
        one = set && set->n == 1;
        isl_set_free(set);
        isl_set_free(set2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "coalesced set not equal to input", return -1);
        if (check_one && !one)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "coalesced set should not be a union", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Inputs for coalescing tests with unbounded wrapping.
 * "str" is a string representation of the input set.
 * "single_disjunct" is set if we expect the result to consist of
 *      a single disjunct.
 */
struct {
        int single_disjunct;
        const char *str;
} coalesce_unbounded_tests[] = {
        { 1, "{ [x,y,z] : y + 2 >= 0 and x - y + 1 >= 0 and "
                        "-x - y + 1 >= 0 and -3 <= z <= 3;"
                "[x,y,z] : -x+z + 20 >= 0 and -x-z + 20 >= 0 and "
                        "x-z + 20 >= 0 and x+z + 20 >= 0 and "
                        "-10 <= y <= 0}" },
        { 1, "{ [x,y] : 0 <= x,y <= 10; [5,y]: 4 <= y <= 11 }" },
        { 1, "{ [x,0,0] : -5 <= x <= 5; [0,y,1] : -5 <= y <= 5 }" },
        { 1, "{ [x,y] : 0 <= x <= 10 and 0 >= y >= -1 and x+y >= 0; [0,1] }" },
        { 1, "{ [x,y] : (0 <= x,y <= 4) or (2 <= x,y <= 5 and x + y <= 9) }" },
};

/* Test the functionality of isl_set_coalesce with the bounded wrapping
 * option turned off.
 */
int test_coalesce_unbounded_wrapping(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        int r = 0;
        int bounded;

        bounded = isl_options_get_coalesce_bounded_wrapping(ctx);
        isl_options_set_coalesce_bounded_wrapping(ctx, 0);

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(coalesce_unbounded_tests); ++i) {
                const char *str = coalesce_unbounded_tests[i].str;
                int check_one = coalesce_unbounded_tests[i].single_disjunct;
                if (test_coalesce_set(ctx, str, check_one) >= 0)
                        continue;
                r = -1;
                break;
        }

        isl_options_set_coalesce_bounded_wrapping(ctx, bounded);

        return r;
}

/* Inputs for coalescing tests.
 * "str" is a string representation of the input set.
 * "single_disjunct" is set if we expect the result to consist of
 *      a single disjunct.
 */
struct {
        int single_disjunct;
        const char *str;
} coalesce_tests[] = {
        { 1, "{[x,y]: x >= 0 & x <= 10 & y >= 0 & y <= 10 or "
                       "y >= x & x >= 2 & 5 >= y }" },
        { 1, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & 2x + y <= 30 & y <= 10 & x >= 0 or "
                       "x + y >= 10 & y <= x & x + y <= 20 & y >= 0}" },
        { 0, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & 2x + y <= 30 & y <= 10 & x >= 0 or "
                       "x + y >= 10 & y <= x & x + y <= 19 & y >= 0}" },
        { 1, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & x <= 5 & y <= x or "
                       "y >= 0 & x >= 6 & x <= 10 & y <= x}" },
        { 0, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & x <= 5 & y <= x or "
                       "y >= 0 & x >= 7 & x <= 10 & y <= x}" },
        { 0, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & x <= 5 & y <= x or "
                       "y >= 0 & x >= 6 & x <= 10 & y + 1 <= x}" },
        { 1, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & x <= 5 & y <= x or y >= 0 & x = 6 & y <= 6}" },
        { 0, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & x <= 5 & y <= x or y >= 0 & x = 7 & y <= 6}" },
        { 1, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & x <= 5 & y <= x or y >= 0 & x = 6 & y <= 5}" },
        { 0, "{[x,y]: y >= 0 & x <= 5 & y <= x or y >= 0 & x = 6 & y <= 7}" },
        { 1, "[n] -> { [i] : i = 1 and n >= 2 or 2 <= i and i <= n }" },
        { 0, "{[x,y] : x >= 0 and y >= 0 or 0 <= y and y <= 5 and x = -1}" },
        { 1, "[n] -> { [i] : 1 <= i and i <= n - 1 or 2 <= i and i <= n }" },
        { 0, "[n] -> { [[i0] -> [o0]] : exists (e0 = [(i0)/4], e1 = [(o0)/4], "
                "e2 = [(n)/2], e3 = [(-2 + i0)/4], e4 = [(-2 + o0)/4], "
                "e5 = [(-2n + i0)/4]: 2e2 = n and 4e3 = -2 + i0 and "
                "4e4 = -2 + o0 and i0 >= 8 + 2n and o0 >= 2 + i0 and "
                "o0 <= 56 + 2n and o0 <= -12 + 4n and i0 <= 57 + 2n and "
                "i0 <= -11 + 4n and o0 >= 6 + 2n and 4e0 <= i0 and "
                "4e0 >= -3 + i0 and 4e1 <= o0 and 4e1 >= -3 + o0 and "
                "4e5 <= -2n + i0 and 4e5 >= -3 - 2n + i0);"
                "[[i0] -> [o0]] : exists (e0 = [(i0)/4], e1 = [(o0)/4], "
                "e2 = [(n)/2], e3 = [(-2 + i0)/4], e4 = [(-2 + o0)/4], "
                "e5 = [(-2n + i0)/4]: 2e2 = n and 4e3 = -2 + i0 and "
                "4e4 = -2 + o0 and 2e0 >= 3 + n and e0 <= -4 + n and "
                "2e0 <= 27 + n and e1 <= -4 + n and 2e1 <= 27 + n and "
                "2e1 >= 2 + n and e1 >= 1 + e0 and i0 >= 7 + 2n and "
                "i0 <= -11 + 4n and i0 <= 57 + 2n and 4e0 <= -2 + i0 and "
                "4e0 >= -3 + i0 and o0 >= 6 + 2n and o0 <= -11 + 4n and "
                "o0 <= 57 + 2n and 4e1 <= -2 + o0 and 4e1 >= -3 + o0 and "
                "4e5 <= -2n + i0 and 4e5 >= -3 - 2n + i0 ) }" },
        { 0, "[n, m] -> { [o0, o2, o3] : (o3 = 1 and o0 >= 1 + m and "
              "o0 <= n + m and o2 <= m and o0 >= 2 + n and o2 >= 3) or "
              "(o0 >= 2 + n and o0 >= 1 + m and o0 <= n + m and n >= 1 and "
              "o3 <= -1 + o2 and o3 >= 1 - m + o2 and o3 >= 2 and o3 <= n) }" },
        { 0, "[M, N] -> { [[i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6] -> "
          "[o0, o1, o2, o3, o4, o5, o6]] : "
          "(o6 <= -4 + 2M - 2N + i0 + i1 - i2 + i6 - o0 - o1 + o2 and "
          "o3 <= -2 + i3 and o6 >= 2 + i0 + i3 + i6 - o0 - o3 and "
          "o6 >= 2 - M + N + i3 + i4 + i6 - o3 - o4 and o0 <= -1 + i0 and "
          "o4 >= 4 - 3M + 3N - i0 - i1 + i2 + 2i3 + i4 + o0 + o1 - o2 - 2o3 "
          "and o6 <= -3 + 2M - 2N + i3 + i4 - i5 + i6 - o3 - o4 + o5 and "
          "2o6 <= -5 + 5M - 5N + 2i0 + i1 - i2 - i5 + 2i6 - 2o0 - o1 + o2 + o5 "
          "and o6 >= 2i0 + i1 + i6 - 2o0 - o1 and "
          "3o6 <= -5 + 4M - 4N + 2i0 + i1 - i2 + 2i3 + i4 - i5 + 3i6 "
          "- 2o0 - o1 + o2 - 2o3 - o4 + o5) or "
          "(N >= 2 and o3 <= -1 + i3 and o0 <= -1 + i0 and "
          "o6 >= i3 + i6 - o3 and M >= 0 and "
          "2o6 >= 1 + i0 + i3 + 2i6 - o0 - o3 and "
          "o6 >= 1 - M + i0 + i6 - o0 and N >= 2M and o6 >= i0 + i6 - o0) }" },
        { 0, "[M, N] -> { [o0] : (o0 = 0 and M >= 1 and N >= 2) or "
                "(o0 = 0 and M >= 1 and N >= 2M and N >= 2 + M) or "
                "(o0 = 0 and M >= 2 and N >= 3) or "
                "(M = 0 and o0 = 0 and N >= 3) }" },
        { 0, "{ [i0, i1, i2, i3] : (i1 = 10i0 and i0 >= 1 and 10i0 <= 100 and "
            "i3 <= 9 + 10 i2 and i3 >= 1 + 10i2 and i3 >= 0) or "
            "(i1 <= 9 + 10i0 and i1 >= 1 + 10i0 and i2 >= 0 and "
            "i0 >= 0 and i1 <= 100 and i3 <= 9 + 10i2 and i3 >= 1 + 10i2) }" },
        { 0, "[M] -> { [i1] : (i1 >= 2 and i1 <= M) or (i1 = M and M >= 1) }" },
        { 0, "{[x,y] : x,y >= 0; [x,y] : 10 <= x <= 20 and y >= -1 }" },
        { 1, "{ [x, y] : (x >= 1 and y >= 1 and x <= 2 and y <= 2) or "
                "(y = 3 and x = 1) }" },
        { 1, "[M] -> { [i0, i1, i2, i3, i4] : (i1 >= 3 and i4 >= 2 + i2 and "
                "i2 >= 2 and i0 >= 2 and i3 >= 1 + i2 and i0 <= M and "
                "i1 <= M and i3 <= M and i4 <= M) or "
                "(i1 >= 2 and i4 >= 1 + i2 and i2 >= 2 and i0 >= 2 and "
                "i3 >= 1 + i2 and i0 <= M and i1 <= -1 + M and i3 <= M and "
                "i4 <= -1 + M) }" },
        { 1, "{ [x, y] : (x >= 0 and y >= 0 and x <= 10 and y <= 10) or "
                "(x >= 1 and y >= 1 and x <= 11 and y <= 11) }" },
        { 0, "{[x,0] : x >= 0; [x,1] : x <= 20}" },
        { 1, "{ [x, 1 - x] : 0 <= x <= 1; [0,0] }" },
        { 1, "{ [0,0]; [i,i] : 1 <= i <= 10 }" },
        { 0, "{ [0,0]; [i,j] : 1 <= i,j <= 10 }" },
        { 1, "{ [0,0]; [i,2i] : 1 <= i <= 10 }" },
        { 0, "{ [0,0]; [i,2i] : 2 <= i <= 10 }" },
        { 0, "{ [1,0]; [i,2i] : 1 <= i <= 10 }" },
        { 0, "{ [0,1]; [i,2i] : 1 <= i <= 10 }" },
        { 0, "{ [a, b] : exists e : 2e = a and "
                    "a >= 0 and (a <= 3 or (b <= 0 and b >= -4 + a)) }" },
        { 0, "{ [i, j, i', j'] : i <= 2 and j <= 2 and "
                        "j' >= -1 + 2i + j - 2i' and i' <= -1 + i and "
                        "j >= 1 and j' <= i + j - i' and i >= 1; "
                "[1, 1, 1, 1] }" },
        { 1, "{ [i,j] : exists a,b : i = 2a and j = 3b; "
                 "[i,j] : exists a : j = 3a }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b, c] : (c <= 7 - b and b <= 1 and b >= 0 and "
                        "c >= 3 + b and b <= 3 + 8a and b >= -26 + 8a and "
                        "a >= 3) or "
                    "(b <= 1 and c <= 7 and b >= 0 and c >= 4 + b and "
                        "b <= 3 + 8a and b >= -26 + 8a and a >= 3) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, 0, c] : c >= 1 and c <= 29 and c >= -1 + 8a and "
                                "c <= 6 + 8a and a >= 3; "
                "[a, -1, c] : c >= 1 and c <= 30 and c >= 8a and "
                                "c <= 7 + 8a and a >= 3 and a <= 4 }" },
        { 1, "{ [x,y] : 0 <= x <= 2 and y >= 0 and x + 2y <= 4; "
                "[x,0] : 3 <= x <= 4 }" },
        { 1, "{ [x,y] : 0 <= x <= 3 and y >= 0 and x + 3y <= 6; "
                "[x,0] : 4 <= x <= 5 }" },
        { 0, "{ [x,y] : 0 <= x <= 2 and y >= 0 and x + 2y <= 4; "
                "[x,0] : 3 <= x <= 5 }" },
        { 0, "{ [x,y] : 0 <= x <= 2 and y >= 0 and x + y <= 4; "
                "[x,0] : 3 <= x <= 4 }" },
        { 1, "{ [i0, i1] : i0 <= 122 and i0 >= 1 and 128i1 >= -249 + i0 and "
                        "i1 <= 0; "
                "[i0, 0] : i0 >= 123 and i0 <= 124 }" },
        { 1, "{ [0,0]; [1,1] }" },
        { 1, "[n] -> { [k] : 16k <= -1 + n and k >= 1; [0] : n >= 2 }" },
        { 1, "{ [k, ii, k - ii] : ii >= -6 + k and ii <= 6 and ii >= 1 and "
                                "ii <= k;"
                "[k, 0, k] : k <= 6 and k >= 1 }" },
        { 1, "{ [i,j] : i = 4 j and 0 <= i <= 100;"
                "[i,j] : 1 <= i <= 100 and i >= 4j + 1 and i <= 4j + 2 }" },
        { 1, "{ [x,y] : x % 2 = 0 and y % 2 = 0; [x,x] : x % 2 = 0 }" },
        { 1, "[n] -> { [1] : n >= 0;"
                    "[x] : exists (e0 = floor((x)/2): x >= 2 and "
                        "2e0 >= -1 + x and 2e0 <= x and 2e0 <= n) }" },
        { 1, "[n] -> { [x, y] : exists (e0 = floor((x)/2), e1 = floor((y)/3): "
                        "3e1 = y and x >= 2 and 2e0 >= -1 + x and "
                        "2e0 <= x and 2e0 <= n);"
                    "[1, y] : exists (e0 = floor((y)/3): 3e0 = y and "
                        "n >= 0) }" },
        { 1, "[t1] -> { [i0] : (exists (e0 = floor((63t1)/64): "
                                "128e0 >= -134 + 127t1 and t1 >= 2 and "
                                "64e0 <= 63t1 and 64e0 >= -63 + 63t1)) or "
                                "t1 = 1 }" },
        { 1, "{ [i, i] : exists (e0 = floor((1 + 2i)/3): 3e0 <= 2i and "
                                "3e0 >= -1 + 2i and i <= 9 and i >= 1);"
                "[0, 0] }" },
        { 1, "{ [t1] : exists (e0 = floor((-11 + t1)/2): 2e0 = -11 + t1 and "
                                "t1 >= 13 and t1 <= 16);"
                "[t1] : t1 <= 15 and t1 >= 12 }" },
        { 1, "{ [x,y] : x = 3y and 0 <= y <= 2; [-3,-1] }" },
        { 1, "{ [x,y] : 2x = 3y and 0 <= y <= 4; [-3,-2] }" },
        { 0, "{ [x,y] : 2x = 3y and 0 <= y <= 4; [-2,-2] }" },
        { 0, "{ [x,y] : 2x = 3y and 0 <= y <= 4; [-3,-1] }" },
        { 1, "{ [i] : exists j : i = 4 j and 0 <= i <= 100;"
                "[i] : exists j : 1 <= i <= 100 and i >= 4j + 1 and "
                                "i <= 4j + 2 }" },
        { 1, "{ [c0] : (exists (e0 : c0 - 1 <= 3e0 <= c0)) or "
                "(exists (e0 : 3e0 = -2 + c0)) }" },
        { 0, "[n, b0, t0] -> "
                "{ [i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, i8, i9, i10, i11, i12] : "
                "(exists (e0 = floor((-32b0 + i4)/1048576), "
                "e1 = floor((i8)/32): 1048576e0 = -32b0 + i4 and 32e1 = i8 and "
                "n <= 2147483647 and b0 <= 32767 and b0 >= 0 and "
                "32b0 <= -2 + n and t0 <= 31 and t0 >= 0 and i0 >= 8 + n and "
                "3i4 <= -96 + 3t0 + i0 and 3i4 >= -95 - n + 3t0 + i0 and "
                "i8 >= -157 + i0 - 4i4 and i8 >= 0 and "
                "i8 <= -33 + i0 - 4i4 and 3i8 <= -91 + 4n - i0)) or "
                "(exists (e0 = floor((-32b0 + i4)/1048576), "
                "e1 = floor((i8)/32): 1048576e0 = -32b0 + i4 and 32e1 = i8 and "
                "n <= 2147483647 and b0 <= 32767 and b0 >= 0 and "
                "32b0 <= -2 + n and t0 <= 31 and t0 >= 0 and i0 <= 7 + n and "
                "4i4 <= -3 + i0 and 3i4 <= -96 + 3t0 + i0 and "
                "3i4 >= -95 - n + 3t0 + i0 and i8 >= -157 + i0 - 4i4 and "
                "i8 >= 0 and i8 <= -4 + i0 - 3i4 and i8 <= -41 + i0));"
                "[i0, i1, i2, i3, 0, i5, i6, i7, i8, i9, i10, i11, i12] : "
                "(exists (e0 = floor((i8)/32): b0 = 0 and 32e0 = i8 and "
                "n <= 2147483647 and t0 <= 31 and t0 >= 0 and i0 >= 11 and "
                "i0 >= 96 - 3t0 and i0 <= 95 + n - 3t0 and i0 <= 7 + n and "
                "i8 >= -40 + i0 and i8 <= -10 + i0)) }" },
        { 0, "{ [i0, i1, i2] : "
                "(exists (e0, e1 = floor((i0)/32), e2 = floor((i1)/32): "
                "32e1 = i0 and 32e2 = i1 and i1 >= -31 + i0 and "
                "i1 <= 31 + i0 and i2 >= -30 + i0 and i2 >= -30 + i1 and "
                "32e0 >= -30 + i0 and 32e0 >= -30 + i1 and "
                "32e0 >= -31 + i2 and 32e0 <= 30 + i2 and 32e0 <= 31 + i1 and "
                "32e0 <= 31 + i0)) or "
                "i0 >= 0 }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b, c] : 2b = 1 + a and 2c = 2 + a; [0, 0, 0] }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, a, b, c] : 32*floor((a)/32) = a and 2*floor((b)/2) = b and "
                                "2*floor((c)/2) = c and 0 <= a <= 192;"
                "[224, 224, b, c] : 2*floor((b)/2) = b and 2*floor((c)/2) = c }"
        },
        { 1, "[n] -> { [a,b] : (exists e : 1 <= a <= 7e and 9e <= b <= n) or "
                                "(0 <= a <= b <= n) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b] : 0 <= a <= 2 and b >= 0 and "
                "((0 < b <= 13) or (2*floor((a + b)/2) >= -5 + a + 2b)) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a] : (2 <= a <= 5) or (a mod 2 = 1 and 1 <= a <= 5) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b, c] : (b = -1 + a and 0 < a <= 3 and "
                                "9*floor((-4a + 2c)/9) <= -3 - 4a + 2c) or "
                        "(exists (e0 = floor((-16 + 2c)/9): a = 4 and "
                                "b = 3 and 9e0 <= -19 + 2c)) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b, c] : (b = -1 + a and 0 < a <= 3 and "
                                "9*floor((-4a + 2c)/9) <= -3 - 4a + 2c) or "
                        "(a = 4 and b = 3 and "
                                "9*floor((-16 + 2c)/9) <= -19 + 2c) }" },
        { 0, "{ [a, b, c] : (b <= 2 and b <= -2 + a) or "
                        "(b = -1 + a and 0 < a <= 3 and "
                                "9*floor((-4a + 2c)/9) <= -3 - 4a + 2c) or "
                        "(exists (e0 = floor((-16 + 2c)/9): a = 4 and "
                                "b = 3 and 9e0 <= -19 + 2c)) }" },
        { 1, "{ [y, x] : (x - y) mod 3 = 2 and 2 <= y <= 200 and 0 <= x <= 2;"
                "[1, 0] }" },
        { 1, "{ [x, y] : (x - y) mod 3 = 2 and 2 <= y <= 200 and 0 <= x <= 2;"
                "[0, 1] }" },
        { 1, "{ [1, y] : -1 <= y <= 1; [x, -x] : 0 <= x <= 1 }" },
        { 1, "{ [1, y] : 0 <= y <= 1; [x, -x] : 0 <= x <= 1 }" },
        { 1, "{ [x, y] : 0 <= x <= 10 and x - 4*floor(x/4) <= 1 and y <= 0; "
               "[x, y] : 0 <= x <= 10 and x - 4*floor(x/4) > 1 and y <= 0; "
               "[x, y] : 0 <= x <= 10 and x - 5*floor(x/5) <= 1 and 0 < y; "
               "[x, y] : 0 <= x <= 10 and x - 5*floor(x/5) > 1 and 0 < y }" },
        { 1, "{ [x, 0] : 0 <= x <= 10 and x mod 2 = 0; "
               "[x, 0] : 0 <= x <= 10 and x mod 2 = 1; "
               "[x, y] : 0 <= x <= 10 and 1 <= y <= 10 }" },
        { 1, "{ [a] : a <= 8 and "
                        "(a mod 10 = 7 or a mod 10 = 8 or a mod 10 = 9) }" },
        { 1, "{ [x, y] : 2y = -x and x <= 0 or "
                        "x <= -1 and 2y <= -x - 1 and 2y >= x - 1 }" },
        { 0, "{ [x, y] : 2y = -x and x <= 0 or "
                        "x <= -2 and 2y <= -x - 1 and 2y >= x - 1 }" },
        { 1, "{ [a] : (a <= 0 and 3*floor((a)/3) = a) or "
                        "(a < 0 and 3*floor((a)/3) < a) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a] : (a <= 0 and 3*floor((a)/3) = a) or "
                        "(a < -1 and 3*floor((a)/3) < a) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b] : a <= 1024 and b >= 0 and "
                "((-31 - a + b <= 32*floor((-1 - a)/32) <= -33 + b and "
                  "32*floor((-1 - a)/32) <= -16 + b + 16*floor((-1 - a)/16))"
                "or (2 <= a <= 15 and b < a)) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a] : a > 0 and ((16*floor((a)/16) < a and "
                        "32*floor((a)/32) < a) or a <= 15) }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b, c, d] : (-a + d) mod 64 = 0 and a <= 8 and b <= 1 and "
                        "10 - a <= c <= 3 and d >= 5 and 9 - 64b <= d <= 70;"
            "[a, b = 1, c, d] : (-a + d) mod 64 = 0 and a <= 8 and c >= 4 and "
                        "10 - a <= c <= 5 and 5 <= d <= 73 - c }" },
        { 1, "[n, m] -> { S_0[i] : (-n + i) mod 3 = 0 and m >= 3 + n and "
                            "i >= n and 3*floor((2 + n + 2m)/3) <= n + 3m - i; "
                         "S_0[n] : n <= m <= 2 + n }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b] : exists (e0: 0 <= a <= 1 and b >= 0 and "
                        "2e0 >= -5 + a + 2b and 2e0 >= -1 + a + b and "
                        "2e0 <= a + b); "
                "[a, b] : exists (e0: 0 <= a <= 1 and 2e0 >= -5 + a + 2b and "
                        "2e0 >= -1 - a + b and 2e0 <= -a + b and "
                        "2e0 < -a + 2b) }" },
        { 1, "{ [i, j, i - 8j] : 8 <= i <= 63 and -7 + i <= 8j <= i; "
                "[i, 0, i] : 0 <= i <= 7 }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b] : a >= 0 and 0 <= b <= 1 - a; [1, 1] }" },
        { 0, "{ [a, b] : a >= 0 and 0 <= b <= 1 - a; [0, 2] }" },
        { 0, "{ [a, b] : a >= 0 and 0 <= b <= 1 - a; [-1, 3] }" },
        { 1, "{ [a, b] : a, b >= 0 and a + 2b <= 2; [1, 1] }" },
        { 0, "{ [a, b] : a, b >= 0 and a + 2b <= 2; [2, 1] }" },
};

/* A specialized coalescing test case that would result
 * in a segmentation fault or a failed assertion in earlier versions of isl.
 */
static int test_coalesce_special(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_map *map1, *map2;

        str = "[y] -> { [S_L220_OUT[] -> T7[]] -> "
            "[[S_L309_IN[] -> T11[]] -> ce_imag2[1, o1]] : "
            "(y = 201 and o1 <= 239 and o1 >= 212) or "
            "(exists (e0 = [(y)/3]: 3e0 = y and y <= 198 and y >= 3 and "
                "o1 <= 239 and o1 >= 212)) or "
            "(exists (e0 = [(y)/3]: 3e0 = y and y <= 201 and y >= 3 and "
                "o1 <= 241 and o1 >= 240));"
            "[S_L220_OUT[] -> T7[]] -> "
            "[[S_L309_IN[] -> T11[]] -> ce_imag2[0, o1]] : "
            "(y = 2 and o1 <= 241 and o1 >= 212) or "
            "(exists (e0 = [(-2 + y)/3]: 3e0 = -2 + y and y <= 200 and "
                "y >= 5 and o1 <= 241 and o1 >= 212)) }";
        map1 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map1 = isl_map_align_divs_internal(map1);
        map1 = isl_map_coalesce(map1);
        str = "[y] -> { [S_L220_OUT[] -> T7[]] -> "
            "[[S_L309_IN[] -> T11[]] -> ce_imag2[o0, o1]] : "
            "exists (e0 = [(-1 - y + o0)/3]: 3e0 = -1 - y + o0 and "
                "y <= 201 and o0 <= 2 and o1 >= 212 and o1 <= 241 and "
                "o0 >= 3 - y and o0 <= -2 + y and o0 >= 0) }";
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map2 = isl_map_union(map2, map1);
        map2 = isl_map_align_divs_internal(map2);
        map2 = isl_map_coalesce(map2);
        isl_map_free(map2);
        if (!map2)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* A specialized coalescing test case that would result in an assertion
 * in an earlier version of isl.
 * The explicit call to isl_basic_set_union prevents the implicit
 * equality constraints in the first basic map from being detected prior
 * to the call to isl_set_coalesce, at least at the point
 * where this test case was introduced.
 */
static int test_coalesce_special2(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;
        isl_set *set;

        str = "{ [x, y] : x, y >= 0 and x + 2y <= 1 and 2x + y <= 1 }";
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [x,0] : -1 <= x <= 1 and x mod 2 = 1 }" ;
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_basic_set_union(bset1, bset2);
        set = isl_set_coalesce(set);
        isl_set_free(set);

        if (!set)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

/* Check that calling isl_set_coalesce does not leave other sets
 * that may share some information with the input to isl_set_coalesce
 * in an inconsistent state.
 * In particular, older versions of isl would modify all copies
 * of the basic sets in the isl_set_coalesce input in a way
 * that could leave them in an inconsistent state.
 * The result of printing any other set containing one of these
 * basic sets would then result in an invalid set description.
 */
static int test_coalesce_special3(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        char *s;
        isl_set *set1, *set2;
        isl_printer *p;

        set1 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [0, 0, 0] }");
        str = "{ [a, b, a + b] : a >= 0 and b >= 0 and 0 < a + b }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set1 = isl_set_union(set1, isl_set_copy(set2));
        set1 = isl_set_coalesce(set1);
        isl_set_free(set1);

        p = isl_printer_to_str(ctx);
        p = isl_printer_print_set(p, set2);
        isl_set_free(set2);
        s = isl_printer_get_str(p);
        isl_printer_free(p);
        set1 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, s);
        free(s);
        isl_set_free(set1);

        if (!set1)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Test the functionality of isl_set_coalesce.
 * That is, check that the output is always equal to the input
 * and in some cases that the result consists of a single disjunct.
 */
static int test_coalesce(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(coalesce_tests); ++i) {
                const char *str = coalesce_tests[i].str;
                int check_one = coalesce_tests[i].single_disjunct;
                if (test_coalesce_set(ctx, str, check_one) < 0)
                        return -1;
        }

        if (test_coalesce_unbounded_wrapping(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_coalesce_special(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_coalesce_special2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_coalesce_special3(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Construct a representation of the graph on the right of Figure 1
 * in "Computing the Transitive Closure of a Union of
 * Affine Integer Tuple Relations".
 */
static __isl_give isl_map *cocoa_fig_1_right_graph(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_set *dom;
        isl_map *up, *right;

        dom = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx,
                "{ [x,y] : x >= 0 and -2 x + 3 y >= 0 and x <= 3 and "
                        "2 x - 3 y + 3 >= 0 }");
        right = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "{ [x,y] -> [x2,y2] : x2 = x + 1 and y2 = y }");
        up = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "{ [x,y] -> [x2,y2] : x2 = x and y2 = y + 1 }");
        right = isl_map_intersect_domain(right, isl_set_copy(dom));
        right = isl_map_intersect_range(right, isl_set_copy(dom));
        up = isl_map_intersect_domain(up, isl_set_copy(dom));
        up = isl_map_intersect_range(up, dom);
        return isl_map_union(up, right);
}

/* Construct a representation of the power of the graph
 * on the right of Figure 1 in "Computing the Transitive Closure of
 * a Union of Affine Integer Tuple Relations".
 */
static __isl_give isl_map *cocoa_fig_1_right_power(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        return isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "{ [1] -> [[0,0] -> [0,1]]; [2] -> [[0,0] -> [1,1]]; "
                "  [1] -> [[0,1] -> [1,1]]; [1] -> [[2,2] -> [3,2]]; "
                "  [2] -> [[2,2] -> [3,3]]; [1] -> [[3,2] -> [3,3]] }");
}

/* Construct a representation of the transitive closure of the graph
 * on the right of Figure 1 in "Computing the Transitive Closure of
 * a Union of Affine Integer Tuple Relations".
 */
static __isl_give isl_map *cocoa_fig_1_right_tc(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        return isl_set_unwrap(isl_map_range(cocoa_fig_1_right_power(ctx)));
}

static int test_closure(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_map *map, *map2;
        int exact, equal;

        /* COCOA example 1 */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i2 = i + 1 and j2 = j + 1 and "
                        "1 <= i and i < n and 1 <= j and j < n or "
                        "i2 = i + 1 and j2 = j - 1 and "
                        "1 <= i and i < n and 2 <= j and j <= n }");
        map = isl_map_power(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        isl_map_free(map);

        /* COCOA example 1 */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i2 = i + 1 and j2 = j + 1 and "
                        "1 <= i and i < n and 1 <= j and j < n or "
                        "i2 = i + 1 and j2 = j - 1 and "
                        "1 <= i and i < n and 2 <= j and j <= n }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : exists (k1,k2,k : "
                        "1 <= i and i < n and 1 <= j and j <= n and "
                        "2 <= i2 and i2 <= n and 1 <= j2 and j2 <= n and "
                        "i2 = i + k1 + k2 and j2 = j + k1 - k2 and "
                        "k1 >= 0 and k2 >= 0 and k1 + k2 = k and k >= 1 )}");
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map2);
        isl_map_free(map);

        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [x] -> [y] : y = x + 1 and 0 <= x and x <= n and "
                                     " 0 <= y and y <= n }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [x] -> [y] : y > x and 0 <= x and x <= n and "
                                     " 0 <= y and y <= n }");
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map2);
        isl_map_free(map);

        /* COCOA example 2 */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i2 = i + 2 and j2 = j + 2 and "
                        "1 <= i and i < n - 1 and 1 <= j and j < n - 1 or "
                        "i2 = i + 2 and j2 = j - 2 and "
                        "1 <= i and i < n - 1 and 3 <= j and j <= n }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : exists (k1,k2,k : "
                        "1 <= i and i < n - 1 and 1 <= j and j <= n and "
                        "3 <= i2 and i2 <= n and 1 <= j2 and j2 <= n and "
                        "i2 = i + 2 k1 + 2 k2 and j2 = j + 2 k1 - 2 k2 and "
                        "k1 >= 0 and k2 >= 0 and k1 + k2 = k and k >= 1) }");
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        /* COCOA Fig.2 left */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i2 = i + 2 and j2 = j and "
                        "i <= 2 j - 3 and i <= n - 2 and j <= 2 i - 1 and "
                        "j <= n or "
                        "i2 = i and j2 = j + 2 and i <= 2 j - 1 and i <= n and "
                        "j <= 2 i - 3 and j <= n - 2 or "
                        "i2 = i + 1 and j2 = j + 1 and i <= 2 j - 1 and "
                        "i <= n - 1 and j <= 2 i - 1 and j <= n - 1 }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        isl_map_free(map);

        /* COCOA Fig.2 right */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i2 = i + 3 and j2 = j and "
                        "i <= 2 j - 4 and i <= n - 3 and j <= 2 i - 1 and "
                        "j <= n or "
                        "i2 = i and j2 = j + 3 and i <= 2 j - 1 and i <= n and "
                        "j <= 2 i - 4 and j <= n - 3 or "
                        "i2 = i + 1 and j2 = j + 1 and i <= 2 j - 1 and "
                        "i <= n - 1 and j <= 2 i - 1 and j <= n - 1 }");
        map = isl_map_power(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        isl_map_free(map);

        /* COCOA Fig.2 right */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i2 = i + 3 and j2 = j and "
                        "i <= 2 j - 4 and i <= n - 3 and j <= 2 i - 1 and "
                        "j <= n or "
                        "i2 = i and j2 = j + 3 and i <= 2 j - 1 and i <= n and "
                        "j <= 2 i - 4 and j <= n - 3 or "
                        "i2 = i + 1 and j2 = j + 1 and i <= 2 j - 1 and "
                        "i <= n - 1 and j <= 2 i - 1 and j <= n - 1 }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : exists (k1,k2,k3,k : "
                        "i <= 2 j - 1 and i <= n and j <= 2 i - 1 and "
                        "j <= n and 3 + i + 2 j <= 3 n and "
                        "3 + 2 i + j <= 3n and i2 <= 2 j2 -1 and i2 <= n and "
                        "i2 <= 3 j2 - 4 and j2 <= 2 i2 -1 and j2 <= n and "
                        "13 + 4 j2 <= 11 i2 and i2 = i + 3 k1 + k3 and "
                        "j2 = j + 3 k2 + k3 and k1 >= 0 and k2 >= 0 and "
                        "k3 >= 0 and k1 + k2 + k3 = k and k > 0) }");
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map2);
        isl_map_free(map);

        map = cocoa_fig_1_right_graph(ctx);
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        map2 = cocoa_fig_1_right_tc(ctx);
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map2);
        isl_map_free(map);

        map = cocoa_fig_1_right_graph(ctx);
        map = isl_map_power(map, &exact);
        map2 = cocoa_fig_1_right_power(ctx);
        equal = isl_map_is_equal(map, map2);
        isl_map_free(map2);
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!exact)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "power not exact", return -1);
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected power", return -1);

        /* COCOA Theorem 1 counter example */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "{ [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i = 0 and 0 <= j and j <= 1 and "
                        "i2 = 1 and j2 = j or "
                        "i = 0 and j = 0 and i2 = 0 and j2 = 1 }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        isl_map_free(map);

        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[m,n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i2 = i and j2 = j + 2 and "
                        "1 <= i,i2 <= n and 1 <= j,j2 <= m or "
                        "i2 = i + 1 and 3 <= j2 - j <= 4 and "
                        "1 <= i,i2 <= n and 1 <= j,j2 <= m }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        isl_map_free(map);

        /* Kelly et al 1996, fig 12 */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : i2 = i and j2 = j + 1 and "
                        "1 <= i,j,j+1 <= n or "
                        "j = n and j2 = 1 and i2 = i + 1 and "
                        "1 <= i,i+1 <= n }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [i,j] -> [i2,j2] : 1 <= j < j2 <= n and "
                        "1 <= i <= n and i = i2 or "
                        "1 <= i < i2 <= n and 1 <= j <= n and "
                        "1 <= j2 <= n }");
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map2);
        isl_map_free(map);

        /* Omega's closure4 */
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[m,n] -> { [x,y] -> [x2,y2] : x2 = x and y2 = y + 1 and "
                        "1 <= x,y <= 10 or "
                        "x2 = x + 1 and y2 = y and "
                        "1 <= x <= 20 && 5 <= y <= 15 }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        isl_map_free(map);

        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [x] -> [y]: 1 <= n <= y - x <= 10 }");
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(!exact);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                "[n] -> { [x] -> [y] : 1 <= n <= 10 and y >= n + x }");
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        str = "[n, m] -> { [i0, i1, i2, i3] -> [o0, o1, o2, o3] : "
            "i3 = 1 and o0 = i0 and o1 = -1 + i1 and o2 = -1 + i2 and "
            "o3 = -2 + i2 and i1 <= -1 + i0 and i1 >= 1 - m + i0 and "
            "i1 >= 2 and i1 <= n and i2 >= 3 and i2 <= 1 + n and i2 <= m }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        str = "{[0] -> [1]; [2] -> [3]}";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, &exact);
        assert(exact);
        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        str = "[n] -> { [[i0, i1, 1, 0, i0] -> [i5, 1]] -> "
            "[[i0, -1 + i1, 2, 0, i0] -> [-1 + i5, 2]] : "
            "exists (e0 = [(3 - n)/3]: i5 >= 2 and i1 >= 2 and "
            "3i0 <= -1 + n and i1 <= -1 + n and i5 <= -1 + n and "
            "3e0 >= 1 - n and 3e0 <= 2 - n and 3i0 >= -2 + n); "
            "[[i0, i1, 2, 0, i0] -> [i5, 1]] -> "
            "[[i0, i1, 1, 0, i0] -> [-1 + i5, 2]] : "
            "exists (e0 = [(3 - n)/3]: i5 >= 2 and i1 >= 1 and "
            "3i0 <= -1 + n and i1 <= -1 + n and i5 <= -1 + n and "
            "3e0 >= 1 - n and 3e0 <= 2 - n and 3i0 >= -2 + n); "
            "[[i0, i1, 1, 0, i0] -> [i5, 2]] -> "
            "[[i0, -1 + i1, 2, 0, i0] -> [i5, 1]] : "
            "exists (e0 = [(3 - n)/3]: i1 >= 2 and i5 >= 1 and "
            "3i0 <= -1 + n and i1 <= -1 + n and i5 <= -1 + n and "
            "3e0 >= 1 - n and 3e0 <= 2 - n and 3i0 >= -2 + n); "
            "[[i0, i1, 2, 0, i0] -> [i5, 2]] -> "
            "[[i0, i1, 1, 0, i0] -> [i5, 1]] : "
            "exists (e0 = [(3 - n)/3]: i5 >= 1 and i1 >= 1 and "
            "3i0 <= -1 + n and i1 <= -1 + n and i5 <= -1 + n and "
            "3e0 >= 1 - n and 3e0 <= 2 - n and 3i0 >= -2 + n) }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_transitive_closure(map, NULL);
        assert(map);
        isl_map_free(map);

        return 0;
}

static int test_lex(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_space *dim;
        isl_map *map;
        int empty;

        dim = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 0);
        map = isl_map_lex_le(dim);
        empty = isl_map_is_empty(map);
        isl_map_free(map);

        if (empty < 0)
                return -1;
        if (empty)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expecting non-empty result", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Inputs for isl_map_lexmin tests.
 * "map" is the input and "lexmin" is the expected result.
 */
struct {
        const char *map;
        const char *lexmin;
} lexmin_tests [] = {
        { "{ [x] -> [y] : x <= y <= 10; [x] -> [5] : -8 <= x <= 8 }",
          "{ [x] -> [5] : 6 <= x <= 8; "
            "[x] -> [x] : x <= 5 or (9 <= x <= 10) }" },
        { "{ [x] -> [y] : 4y = x or 4y = -1 + x or 4y = -2 + x }",
          "{ [x] -> [y] : 4y = x or 4y = -1 + x or 4y = -2 + x }" },
        { "{ [x] -> [y] : x = 4y; [x] -> [y] : x = 2y }",
          "{ [x] -> [y] : (4y = x and x >= 0) or "
                "(exists (e0 = [(x)/4], e1 = [(-2 + x)/4]: 2y = x and "
                "4e1 = -2 + x and 4e0 <= -1 + x and 4e0 >= -3 + x)) or "
                "(exists (e0 = [(x)/4]: 2y = x and 4e0 = x and x <= -4)) }" },
        { "{ T[a] -> S[b, c] : a = 4b-2c and c >= b }",
          "{ T[a] -> S[b, c] : 2b = a and 2c = a }" },
        /* Check that empty pieces are properly combined. */
        { "[K, N] -> { [x, y] -> [a, b] : K+2<=N<=K+4 and x>=4 and "
                "2N-6<=x<K+N and N-1<=a<=K+N-1 and N+b-6<=a<=2N-4 and "
                "b<=2N-3K+a and 3b<=4N-K+1 and b>=N and a>=x+1 }",
          "[K, N] -> { [x, y] -> [1 + x, N] : x >= -6 + 2N and "
                "x <= -5 + 2N and x >= -1 + 3K - N and x <= -2 + K + N and "
                "x >= 4 }" },
        { "{ [i, k, j] -> [a, b, c, d] : 8*floor((b)/8) = b and k <= 255 and "
                "a <= 255 and c <= 255 and d <= 255 - j and "
                "255 - j <= 7d <= 7 - i and 240d <= 239 + a and "
                "247d <= 247 + k - j and 247d <= 247 + k - b and "
                "247d <= 247 + i and 248 - b <= 248d <= c and "
                "254d >= i - a + b and 254d >= -a + b and "
                "255d >= -i + a - b and 1792d >= -63736 + 257b }",
          "{ [i, k, j] -> "
            "[-127762 + i + 502j, -62992 + 248j, 63240 - 248j, 255 - j] : "
                "k <= 255 and 7j >= 1778 + i and 246j >= 62738 - k and "
                "247j >= 62738 - i and 509j <= 129795 + i and "
                "742j >= 188724 - i; "
            "[0, k, j] -> [1, 0, 248, 1] : k <= 255 and 248 <= j <= 254, k }" },
        { "{ [a] -> [b] : 0 <= b <= 255 and -509 + a <= 512b < a and "
                        "16*floor((8 + b)/16) <= 7 + b; "
            "[a] -> [1] }",
          "{ [a] -> [b = 1] : a >= 510 or a <= 0; "
            "[a] -> [b = 0] : 0 < a <= 509 }" },
        { "{ rat: [i] : 1 <= 2i <= 9 }", "{ rat: [i] : 2i = 1 }" },
        { "{ rat: [i] : 1 <= 2i <= 9 or i >= 10 }", "{ rat: [i] : 2i = 1 }" },
};

static int test_lexmin(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        int equal;
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_map *bmap;
        isl_map *map, *map2;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_set *set2;
        isl_pw_multi_aff *pma;

        str = "[p0, p1] -> { [] -> [] : "
            "exists (e0 = [(2p1)/3], e1, e2, e3 = [(3 - p1 + 3e0)/3], "
            "e4 = [(p1)/3], e5 = [(p1 + 3e4)/3]: "
            "3e0 >= -2 + 2p1 and 3e0 >= p1 and 3e3 >= 1 - p1 + 3e0 and "
            "3e0 <= 2p1 and 3e3 >= -2 + p1 and 3e3 <= -1 + p1 and p1 >= 3 and "
            "3e5 >= -2 + 2p1 and 3e5 >= p1 and 3e5 <= -1 + p1 + 3e4 and "
            "3e4 <= p1 and 3e4 >= -2 + p1 and e3 <= -1 + e0 and "
            "3e4 >= 6 - p1 + 3e1 and 3e1 >= p1 and 3e5 >= -2 + p1 + 3e4 and "
            "2e4 >= 3 - p1 + 2e1 and e4 <= e1 and 3e3 <= 2 - p1 + 3e0 and "
            "e5 >= 1 + e1 and 3e4 >= 6 - 2p1 + 3e1 and "
            "p0 >= 2 and p1 >= p0 and 3e2 >= p1 and 3e4 >= 6 - p1 + 3e2 and "
            "e2 <= e1 and e3 >= 1 and e4 <= e2) }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_lexmin(map);
        isl_map_free(map);

        str = "[C] -> { [obj,a,b,c] : obj <= 38 a + 7 b + 10 c and "
            "a + b <= 1 and c <= 10 b and c <= C and a,b,c,C >= 0 }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_lexmax(set);
        str = "[C] -> { [obj,a,b,c] : C = 8 }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_intersect(set, set2);
        assert(!isl_set_is_empty(set));
        isl_set_free(set);

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(lexmin_tests); ++i) {
                map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, lexmin_tests[i].map);
                map = isl_map_lexmin(map);
                map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, lexmin_tests[i].lexmin);
                equal = isl_map_is_equal(map, map2);
                isl_map_free(map);
                isl_map_free(map2);

                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        str = "{ [i] -> [i', j] : j = i - 8i' and i' >= 0 and i' <= 7 and "
                                " 8i' <= i and 8i' >= -7 + i }";
        bmap = isl_basic_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pma = isl_basic_map_lexmin_pw_multi_aff(isl_basic_map_copy(bmap));
        map2 = isl_map_from_pw_multi_aff(pma);
        map = isl_map_from_basic_map(bmap);
        assert(isl_map_is_equal(map, map2));
        isl_map_free(map);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        str = "[i] -> { [i', j] : j = i - 8i' and i' >= 0 and i' <= 7 and "
                                " 8i' <= i and 8i' >= -7 + i }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pma = isl_set_lexmin_pw_multi_aff(isl_set_copy(set));
        set2 = isl_set_from_pw_multi_aff(pma);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set, set2);
        isl_set_free(set);
        isl_set_free(set2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected difference between set and "
                        "piecewise affine expression", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* A specialized isl_set_min_val test case that would return the wrong result
 * in earlier versions of isl.
 * The explicit call to isl_basic_set_union prevents the second basic set
 * from being determined to be empty prior to the call to isl_set_min_val,
 * at least at the point where this test case was introduced.
 */
static int test_min_special(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_aff *obj;
        isl_val *res;
        int ok;

        str = "{ [a, b] : a >= 2 and b >= 0 and 14 - a <= b <= 9 }";
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [a, b] : 1 <= a, b and a + b <= 1 }";
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_basic_set_union(bset1, bset2);
        obj = isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [a, b] -> [a] }");

        res = isl_set_min_val(set, obj);
        ok = isl_val_cmp_si(res, 5) == 0;

        isl_aff_free(obj);
        isl_set_free(set);
        isl_val_free(res);

        if (!res)
                return -1;
        if (!ok)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected minimum",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* A specialized isl_set_min_val test case that would return an error
 * in earlier versions of isl.
 */
static int test_min_special2(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_aff *obj;
        isl_val *res;

        str = "{ [i, j, k] : 2j = i and 2k = i + 1 and i >= 2 }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        obj = isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [i, j, k] -> [i] }");

        res = isl_basic_set_max_val(bset, obj);

        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        isl_aff_free(obj);
        isl_val_free(res);

        if (!res)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *set;
        const char *obj;
        __isl_give isl_val *(*fn)(__isl_keep isl_set *set,
                __isl_keep isl_aff *obj);
        const char *res;
} opt_tests[] = {
        { "{ [-1]; [1] }", "{ [x] -> [x] }", &isl_set_min_val, "-1" },
        { "{ [-1]; [1] }", "{ [x] -> [x] }", &isl_set_max_val, "1" },
        { "{ [a, b] : 0 <= a, b <= 100 and b mod 2 = 0}",
          "{ [a, b] -> [floor((b - 2*floor((-a)/4))/5)] }",
          &isl_set_max_val, "30" },

};

/* Perform basic isl_set_min_val and isl_set_max_val tests.
 * In particular, check the results on non-convex inputs.
 */
static int test_min(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_aff *obj;
        isl_val *val, *res;
        isl_bool ok;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(opt_tests); ++i) {
                set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, opt_tests[i].set);
                obj = isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, opt_tests[i].obj);
                res = isl_val_read_from_str(ctx, opt_tests[i].res);
                val = opt_tests[i].fn(set, obj);
                ok = isl_val_eq(res, val);
                isl_val_free(res);
                isl_val_free(val);
                isl_aff_free(obj);
                isl_set_free(set);

                if (ok < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!ok)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected optimum", return -1);
        }

        if (test_min_special(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_min_special2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

struct must_may {
        isl_map *must;
        isl_map *may;
};

static isl_stat collect_must_may(__isl_take isl_map *dep, int must,
        void *dep_user, void *user)
{
        struct must_may *mm = (struct must_may *)user;

        if (must)
                mm->must = isl_map_union(mm->must, dep);
        else
                mm->may = isl_map_union(mm->may, dep);

        return isl_stat_ok;
}

static int common_space(void *first, void *second)
{
        int depth = *(int *)first;
        return 2 * depth;
}

static int map_is_equal(__isl_keep isl_map *map, const char *str)
{
        isl_map *map2;
        int equal;

        if (!map)
                return -1;

        map2 = isl_map_read_from_str(map->ctx, str);
        equal = isl_map_is_equal(map, map2);
        isl_map_free(map2);

        return equal;
}

static int map_check_equal(__isl_keep isl_map *map, const char *str)
{
        int equal;

        equal = map_is_equal(map, str);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(isl_map_get_ctx(map), isl_error_unknown,
                        "result not as expected", return -1);
        return 0;
}

static int test_dep(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_space *dim;
        isl_map *map;
        isl_access_info *ai;
        isl_flow *flow;
        int depth;
        struct must_may mm;

        depth = 3;

        str = "{ [2,i,0] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_alloc(map, &depth, &common_space, 2);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 1, &depth);

        str = "{ [1,i,0] -> [5] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 1, &depth);

        flow = isl_access_info_compute_flow(ai);
        dim = isl_space_alloc(ctx, 0, 3, 3);
        mm.must = isl_map_empty(isl_space_copy(dim));
        mm.may = isl_map_empty(dim);

        isl_flow_foreach(flow, collect_must_may, &mm);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [2,i,0] : (0 <= i <= 4) or (6 <= i <= 10); "
              "  [1,10,0] -> [2,5,0] }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.must, str));
        str = "{ [i,j,k] -> [l,m,n] : 1 = 0 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.may, str));

        isl_map_free(mm.must);
        isl_map_free(mm.may);
        isl_flow_free(flow);


        str = "{ [2,i,0] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_alloc(map, &depth, &common_space, 2);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 1, &depth);

        str = "{ [1,i,0] -> [5] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 0, &depth);

        flow = isl_access_info_compute_flow(ai);
        dim = isl_space_alloc(ctx, 0, 3, 3);
        mm.must = isl_map_empty(isl_space_copy(dim));
        mm.may = isl_map_empty(dim);

        isl_flow_foreach(flow, collect_must_may, &mm);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [2,i,0] : (0 <= i <= 4) or (6 <= i <= 10) }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.must, str));
        str = "{ [0,5,0] -> [2,5,0]; [1,i,0] -> [2,5,0] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.may, str));

        isl_map_free(mm.must);
        isl_map_free(mm.may);
        isl_flow_free(flow);


        str = "{ [2,i,0] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_alloc(map, &depth, &common_space, 2);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 0, &depth);

        str = "{ [1,i,0] -> [5] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 0, &depth);

        flow = isl_access_info_compute_flow(ai);
        dim = isl_space_alloc(ctx, 0, 3, 3);
        mm.must = isl_map_empty(isl_space_copy(dim));
        mm.may = isl_map_empty(dim);

        isl_flow_foreach(flow, collect_must_may, &mm);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [2,i,0] : 0 <= i <= 10; "
              "  [1,i,0] -> [2,5,0] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.may, str));
        str = "{ [i,j,k] -> [l,m,n] : 1 = 0 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.must, str));

        isl_map_free(mm.must);
        isl_map_free(mm.may);
        isl_flow_free(flow);


        str = "{ [0,i,2] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_alloc(map, &depth, &common_space, 2);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 0, &depth);

        str = "{ [0,i,1] -> [5] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 0, &depth);

        flow = isl_access_info_compute_flow(ai);
        dim = isl_space_alloc(ctx, 0, 3, 3);
        mm.must = isl_map_empty(isl_space_copy(dim));
        mm.may = isl_map_empty(dim);

        isl_flow_foreach(flow, collect_must_may, &mm);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [0,i,2] : 0 <= i <= 10; "
              "  [0,i,1] -> [0,5,2] : 0 <= i <= 5 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.may, str));
        str = "{ [i,j,k] -> [l,m,n] : 1 = 0 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.must, str));

        isl_map_free(mm.must);
        isl_map_free(mm.may);
        isl_flow_free(flow);


        str = "{ [0,i,1] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_alloc(map, &depth, &common_space, 2);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 0, &depth);

        str = "{ [0,i,2] -> [5] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 0, &depth);

        flow = isl_access_info_compute_flow(ai);
        dim = isl_space_alloc(ctx, 0, 3, 3);
        mm.must = isl_map_empty(isl_space_copy(dim));
        mm.may = isl_map_empty(dim);

        isl_flow_foreach(flow, collect_must_may, &mm);

        str = "{ [0,i,0] -> [0,i,1] : 0 <= i <= 10; "
              "  [0,i,2] -> [0,5,1] : 0 <= i <= 4 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.may, str));
        str = "{ [i,j,k] -> [l,m,n] : 1 = 0 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.must, str));

        isl_map_free(mm.must);
        isl_map_free(mm.may);
        isl_flow_free(flow);


        depth = 5;

        str = "{ [1,i,0,0,0] -> [i,j] : 0 <= i <= 10 and 0 <= j <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_alloc(map, &depth, &common_space, 1);

        str = "{ [0,i,0,j,0] -> [i,j] : 0 <= i <= 10 and 0 <= j <= 10 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ai = isl_access_info_add_source(ai, map, 1, &depth);

        flow = isl_access_info_compute_flow(ai);
        dim = isl_space_alloc(ctx, 0, 5, 5);
        mm.must = isl_map_empty(isl_space_copy(dim));
        mm.may = isl_map_empty(dim);

        isl_flow_foreach(flow, collect_must_may, &mm);

        str = "{ [0,i,0,j,0] -> [1,i,0,0,0] : 0 <= i,j <= 10 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.must, str));
        str = "{ [0,0,0,0,0] -> [0,0,0,0,0] : 1 = 0 }";
        assert(map_is_equal(mm.may, str));

        isl_map_free(mm.must);
        isl_map_free(mm.may);
        isl_flow_free(flow);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the dependence analysis proceeds without errors.
 * Earlier versions of isl would break down during the analysis
 * due to the use of the wrong spaces.
 */
static int test_flow(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_union_map *access, *schedule;
        isl_union_map *must_dep, *may_dep;
        int r;

        str = "{ S0[j] -> i[]; S1[j,i] -> i[]; S2[] -> i[]; S3[] -> i[] }";
        access = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ S0[j] -> [0,j,0,0] : 0 <= j < 10; "
                "S1[j,i] -> [0,j,1,i] : 0 <= j < i < 10; "
                "S2[] -> [1,0,0,0]; "
                "S3[] -> [-1,0,0,0] }";
        schedule = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        r = isl_union_map_compute_flow(access, isl_union_map_copy(access),
                                        isl_union_map_copy(access), schedule,
                                        &must_dep, &may_dep, NULL, NULL);
        isl_union_map_free(may_dep);
        isl_union_map_free(must_dep);

        return r;
}

struct {
        const char *map;
        int sv;
} sv_tests[] = {
        { "[N] -> { [i] -> [f] : 0 <= i <= N and 0 <= i - 10 f <= 9 }", 1 },
        { "[N] -> { [i] -> [f] : 0 <= i <= N and 0 <= i - 10 f <= 10 }", 0 },
        { "{ [i] -> [3*floor(i/2) + 5*floor(i/3)] }", 1 },
        { "{ S1[i] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 9; S2[i] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 9 }", 1 },
        { "{ [i] -> S1[i] : 0 <= i <= 9; [i] -> S2[i] : 0 <= i <= 9 }", 0 },
        { "{ A[i] -> [i]; B[i] -> [i]; B[i] -> [i + 1] }", 0 },
        { "{ A[i] -> [i]; B[i] -> [i] : i < 0; B[i] -> [i + 1] : i > 0 }", 1 },
        { "{ A[i] -> [i]; B[i] -> A[i] : i < 0; B[i] -> [i + 1] : i > 0 }", 1 },
        { "{ A[i] -> [i]; B[i] -> [j] : i - 1 <= j <= i }", 0 },
};

int test_sv(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_union_map *umap;
        int i;
        int sv;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sv_tests); ++i) {
                umap = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, sv_tests[i].map);
                sv = isl_union_map_is_single_valued(umap);
                isl_union_map_free(umap);
                if (sv < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (sv_tests[i].sv && !sv)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_internal,
                                "map not detected as single valued", return -1);
                if (!sv_tests[i].sv && sv)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_internal,
                                "map detected as single valued", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *str;
        int bijective;
} bijective_tests[] = {
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [i]}", 0 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [i] : j=i}", 1 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [i] : j=0}", 1 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [i] : j=N}", 1 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [j,i]}", 1 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [i+j]}", 0 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> []}", 0 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [i,j,N]}", 1 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [2i]}", 0 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [i,i]}", 0 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [2i,i]}", 0 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [2i,j]}", 1 },
        { "[N,M]->{[i,j] -> [x,y] : 2x=i & y =j}", 1 },
};

static int test_bijective(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_map *map;
        int i;
        int bijective;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bijective_tests); ++i) {
                map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, bijective_tests[i].str);
                bijective = isl_map_is_bijective(map);
                isl_map_free(map);
                if (bijective < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (bijective_tests[i].bijective && !bijective)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_internal,
                                "map not detected as bijective", return -1);
                if (!bijective_tests[i].bijective && bijective)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_internal,
                                "map detected as bijective", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

/* Inputs for isl_pw_qpolynomial_gist tests.
 * "pwqp" is the input, "set" is the context and "gist" is the expected result.
 */
struct {
        const char *pwqp;
        const char *set;
        const char *gist;
} pwqp_gist_tests[] = {
        { "{ [i] -> i }", "{ [k] : exists a : k = 2a }", "{ [i] -> i }" },
        { "{ [i] -> i + [ (i + [i/3])/2 ] }", "{ [10] }", "{ [i] -> 16 }" },
        { "{ [i] -> ([(i)/2]) }", "{ [k] : exists a : k = 2a+1 }",
          "{ [i] -> -1/2 + 1/2 * i }" },
        { "{ [i] -> i^2 : i != 0 }", "{ [i] : i != 0 }", "{ [i] -> i^2 }" },
};

static int test_pwqp(struct isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_pw_qpolynomial *pwqp1, *pwqp2;
        int equal;

        str = "{ [i,j,k] -> 1 + 9 * [i/5] + 7 * [j/11] + 4 * [k/13] }";
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_move_dims(pwqp1, isl_dim_param, 0,
                                                isl_dim_in, 1, 1);

        str = "[j] -> { [i,k] -> 1 + 9 * [i/5] + 7 * [j/11] + 4 * [k/13] }";
        pwqp2 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_sub(pwqp1, pwqp2);

        assert(isl_pw_qpolynomial_is_zero(pwqp1));

        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp1);

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pwqp_gist_tests); ++i) {
                str = pwqp_gist_tests[i].pwqp;
                pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                str = pwqp_gist_tests[i].set;
                set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_gist(pwqp1, set);
                str = pwqp_gist_tests[i].gist;
                pwqp2 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_sub(pwqp1, pwqp2);
                equal = isl_pw_qpolynomial_is_zero(pwqp1);
                isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp1);

                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        str = "{ [i] -> ([([i/2] + [i/2])/5]) }";
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [i] -> ([(2 * [i/2])/5]) }";
        pwqp2 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_sub(pwqp1, pwqp2);

        assert(isl_pw_qpolynomial_is_zero(pwqp1));

        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp1);

        str = "{ [x] -> ([x/2] + [(x+1)/2]) }";
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [x] -> x }";
        pwqp2 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_sub(pwqp1, pwqp2);

        assert(isl_pw_qpolynomial_is_zero(pwqp1));

        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp1);

        str = "{ [i] -> ([i/2]) : i >= 0; [i] -> ([i/3]) : i < 0 }";
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwqp2 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_coalesce(pwqp1);
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_sub(pwqp1, pwqp2);
        assert(isl_pw_qpolynomial_is_zero(pwqp1));
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp1);

        str = "{ [a,b,a] -> (([(2*[a/3]+b)/5]) * ([(2*[a/3]+b)/5])) }";
        pwqp2 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [a,b,c] -> (([(2*[a/3]+b)/5]) * ([(2*[c/3]+b)/5])) }";
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [a,b,a] }");
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_intersect_domain(pwqp1, set);
        equal = isl_pw_qpolynomial_plain_is_equal(pwqp1, pwqp2);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp1);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        str = "{ [a,b,c] -> (([(2*[a/3]+1)/5]) * ([(2*[c/3]+1)/5])) : b = 1 }";
        pwqp2 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [a,b,c] -> (([(2*[a/3]+b)/5]) * ([(2*[c/3]+b)/5])) }";
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwqp1 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_fix_val(pwqp1, isl_dim_set, 1,
                                                isl_val_one(ctx));
        equal = isl_pw_qpolynomial_plain_is_equal(pwqp1, pwqp2);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp1);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        return 0;
}

static int test_split_periods(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_pw_qpolynomial *pwqp;

        str = "{ [U,V] -> 1/3 * U + 2/3 * V - [(U + 2V)/3] + [U/2] : "
                "U + 2V + 3 >= 0 and - U -2V  >= 0 and - U + 10 >= 0 and "
                "U  >= 0; [U,V] -> U^2 : U >= 100 }";
        pwqp = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        pwqp = isl_pw_qpolynomial_split_periods(pwqp, 2);

        isl_pw_qpolynomial_free(pwqp);

        if (!pwqp)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

static int test_union(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_union_set *uset1, *uset2;
        isl_union_map *umap1, *umap2;
        int equal;

        str = "{ [i] : 0 <= i <= 1 }";
        uset1 = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [1] -> [0] }";
        umap1 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        umap2 = isl_union_set_lex_gt_union_set(isl_union_set_copy(uset1), uset1);
        equal = isl_union_map_is_equal(umap1, umap2);

        isl_union_map_free(umap1);
        isl_union_map_free(umap2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "union maps not equal",
                        return -1);

        str = "{ A[i] -> B[i]; B[i] -> C[i]; A[0] -> C[1] }";
        umap1 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ A[i]; B[i] }";
        uset1 = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        uset2 = isl_union_map_domain(umap1);

        equal = isl_union_set_is_equal(uset1, uset2);

        isl_union_set_free(uset1);
        isl_union_set_free(uset2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "union sets not equal",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that computing a bound of a non-zero polynomial over an unbounded
 * domain does not produce a rational value.
 * In particular, check that the upper bound is infinity.
 */
static int test_bound_unbounded_domain(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_pw_qpolynomial *pwqp;
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold *pwf, *pwf2;
        isl_bool equal;

        str = "{ [m,n] -> -m * n }";
        pwqp = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwf = isl_pw_qpolynomial_bound(pwqp, isl_fold_max, NULL);
        str = "{ infty }";
        pwqp = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwf2 = isl_pw_qpolynomial_bound(pwqp, isl_fold_max, NULL);
        equal = isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold_plain_is_equal(pwf, pwf2);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold_free(pwf);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold_free(pwf2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expecting infinite polynomial bound", return -1);

        return 0;
}

static int test_bound(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        unsigned dim;
        isl_pw_qpolynomial *pwqp;
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold *pwf;

        if (test_bound_unbounded_domain(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [[a, b, c, d] -> [e]] -> 0 }";
        pwqp = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwf = isl_pw_qpolynomial_bound(pwqp, isl_fold_max, NULL);
        dim = isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold_dim(pwf, isl_dim_in);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold_free(pwf);
        if (dim != 4)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected input dimension",
                        return -1);

        str = "{ [[x]->[x]] -> 1 : exists a : x = 2 a }";
        pwqp = isl_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwf = isl_pw_qpolynomial_bound(pwqp, isl_fold_max, NULL);
        dim = isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold_dim(pwf, isl_dim_in);
        isl_pw_qpolynomial_fold_free(pwf);
        if (dim != 1)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected input dimension",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

static int test_lift(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_map *bmap;
        isl_basic_set *bset;

        str = "{ [i0] : exists e0 : i0 = 4e0 }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        bset = isl_basic_set_lift(bset);
        bmap = isl_basic_map_from_range(bset);
        bset = isl_basic_map_domain(bmap);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *set1;
        const char *set2;
        int subset;
} subset_tests[] = {
        { "{ [112, 0] }",
          "{ [i0, i1] : exists (e0 = [(i0 - i1)/16], e1: "
                "16e0 <= i0 - i1 and 16e0 >= -15 + i0 - i1 and "
                "16e1 <= i1 and 16e0 >= -i1 and 16e1 >= -i0 + i1) }", 1 },
        { "{ [65] }",
          "{ [i] : exists (e0 = [(255i)/256], e1 = [(127i + 65e0)/191], "
                "e2 = [(3i + 61e1)/65], e3 = [(52i + 12e2)/61], "
                "e4 = [(2i + e3)/3], e5 = [(4i + e3)/4], e6 = [(8i + e3)/12]: "
                    "3e4 = 2i + e3 and 4e5 = 4i + e3 and 12e6 = 8i + e3 and "
                    "i <= 255 and 64e3 >= -45 + 67i and i >= 0 and "
                    "256e0 <= 255i and 256e0 >= -255 + 255i and "
                    "191e1 <= 127i + 65e0 and 191e1 >= -190 + 127i + 65e0 and "
                    "65e2 <= 3i + 61e1 and 65e2 >= -64 + 3i + 61e1 and "
                    "61e3 <= 52i + 12e2 and 61e3 >= -60 + 52i + 12e2) }", 1 },
        { "{ [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }", "{ rat: [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }", 1 },
        { "{ rat: [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }", "{ [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }", 0 },
        { "{ rat: [0] }", "{ [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }", 1 },
        { "{ rat: [(1)/2] }", "{ [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }", 0 },
        { "{ [t, i] : (exists (e0 = [(2 + t)/4]: 4e0 <= 2 + t and "
                        "4e0 >= -1 + t and i >= 57 and i <= 62 and "
                        "4e0 <= 62 + t - i and 4e0 >= -61 + t + i and "
                        "t >= 0 and t <= 511 and 4e0 <= -57 + t + i and "
                        "4e0 >= 58 + t - i and i >= 58 + t and i >= 62 - t)) }",
          "{ [i0, i1] : (exists (e0 = [(4 + i0)/4]: 4e0 <= 62 + i0 - i1 and "
                        "4e0 >= 1 + i0 and i0 >= 0 and i0 <= 511 and "
                        "4e0 <= -57 + i0 + i1)) or "
                "(exists (e0 = [(2 + i0)/4]: 4e0 <= i0 and "
                        "4e0 >= 58 + i0 - i1 and i0 >= 2 and i0 <= 511 and "
                        "4e0 >= -61 + i0 + i1)) or "
                "(i1 <= 66 - i0 and i0 >= 2 and i1 >= 59 + i0) }", 1 },
        { "[a, b] -> { : a = 0 and b = -1 }", "[b, a] -> { : b >= -10 }", 1 },
};

static int test_subset(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_set *set1, *set2;
        int subset;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(subset_tests); ++i) {
                set1 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, subset_tests[i].set1);
                set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, subset_tests[i].set2);
                subset = isl_set_is_subset(set1, set2);
                isl_set_free(set1);
                isl_set_free(set2);
                if (subset < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (subset != subset_tests[i].subset)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "incorrect subset result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *minuend;
        const char *subtrahend;
        const char *difference;
} subtract_domain_tests[] = {
        { "{ A[i] -> B[i] }", "{ A[i] }", "{ }" },
        { "{ A[i] -> B[i] }", "{ B[i] }", "{ A[i] -> B[i] }" },
        { "{ A[i] -> B[i] }", "{ A[i] : i > 0 }", "{ A[i] -> B[i] : i <= 0 }" },
};

static int test_subtract(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_union_map *umap1, *umap2;
        isl_union_pw_multi_aff *upma1, *upma2;
        isl_union_set *uset;
        int equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(subtract_domain_tests); ++i) {
                umap1 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                                subtract_domain_tests[i].minuend);
                uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx,
                                subtract_domain_tests[i].subtrahend);
                umap2 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                                subtract_domain_tests[i].difference);
                umap1 = isl_union_map_subtract_domain(umap1, uset);
                equal = isl_union_map_is_equal(umap1, umap2);
                isl_union_map_free(umap1);
                isl_union_map_free(umap2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "incorrect subtract domain result", return -1);
        }

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(subtract_domain_tests); ++i) {
                upma1 = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                subtract_domain_tests[i].minuend);
                uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx,
                                subtract_domain_tests[i].subtrahend);
                upma2 = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                subtract_domain_tests[i].difference);
                upma1 = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_subtract_domain(upma1, uset);
                equal = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(upma1, upma2);
                isl_union_pw_multi_aff_free(upma1);
                isl_union_pw_multi_aff_free(upma2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "incorrect subtract domain result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

/* Check that intersecting the empty basic set with another basic set
 * does not increase the number of constraints.  In particular,
 * the empty basic set should maintain its canonical representation.
 */
static int test_intersect(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int n1, n2;
        isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;

        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [a,b,c] : 1 = 0 }");
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [1,2,3] }");
        n1 = isl_basic_set_n_constraint(bset1);
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_intersect(bset1, bset2);
        n2 = isl_basic_set_n_constraint(bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
        if (!bset1)
                return -1;
        if (n1 != n2)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "number of constraints of empty set changed",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

int test_factorize(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_factorizer *f;

        str = "{ [i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7] : 3i5 <= 2 - 2i0 and "
            "i0 >= -2 and i6 >= 1 + i3 and i7 >= 0 and 3i5 >= -2i0 and "
            "2i4 <= i2 and i6 >= 1 + 2i0 + 3i1 and i4 <= -1 and "
            "i6 >= 1 + 2i0 + 3i5 and i6 <= 2 + 2i0 + 3i5 and "
            "3i5 <= 2 - 2i0 - i2 + 3i4 and i6 <= 2 + 2i0 + 3i1 and "
            "i0 <= -1 and i7 <= i2 + i3 - 3i4 - i6 and "
            "3i5 >= -2i0 - i2 + 3i4 }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        f = isl_basic_set_factorizer(bset);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        isl_factorizer_free(f);
        if (!f)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "failed to construct factorizer", return -1);

        str = "{ [i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, i8, i9, i10, i11, i12] : "
            "i12 <= 2 + i0 - i11 and 2i8 >= -i4 and i11 >= i1 and "
            "3i5 <= -i2 and 2i11 >= -i4 - 2i7 and i11 <= 3 + i0 + 3i9 and "
            "i11 <= -i4 - 2i7 and i12 >= -i10 and i2 >= -2 and "
            "i11 >= i1 + 3i10 and i11 >= 1 + i0 + 3i9 and "
            "i11 <= 1 - i4 - 2i8 and 6i6 <= 6 - i2 and 3i6 >= 1 - i2 and "
            "i11 <= 2 + i1 and i12 <= i4 + i11 and i12 >= i0 - i11 and "
            "3i5 >= -2 - i2 and i12 >= -1 + i4 + i11 and 3i3 <= 3 - i2 and "
            "9i6 <= 11 - i2 + 6i5 and 3i3 >= 1 - i2 and "
            "9i6 <= 5 - i2 + 6i3 and i12 <= -1 and i2 <= 0 }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        f = isl_basic_set_factorizer(bset);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        isl_factorizer_free(f);
        if (!f)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "failed to construct factorizer", return -1);

        return 0;
}

static isl_stat check_injective(__isl_take isl_map *map, void *user)
{
        int *injective = user;

        *injective = isl_map_is_injective(map);
        isl_map_free(map);

        if (*injective < 0 || !*injective)
                return isl_stat_error;

        return isl_stat_ok;
}

int test_one_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *d, const char *w,
        const char *r, const char *s, int tilable, int parallel)
{
        int i;
        isl_union_set *D;
        isl_union_map *W, *R, *S;
        isl_union_map *empty;
        isl_union_map *dep_raw, *dep_war, *dep_waw, *dep;
        isl_union_map *validity, *proximity, *coincidence;
        isl_union_map *schedule;
        isl_union_map *test;
        isl_union_set *delta;
        isl_union_set *domain;
        isl_set *delta_set;
        isl_set *slice;
        isl_set *origin;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *sched;
        int is_nonneg, is_parallel, is_tilable, is_injection, is_complete;

        D = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, d);
        W = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, w);
        R = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, r);
        S = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, s);

        W = isl_union_map_intersect_domain(W, isl_union_set_copy(D));
        R = isl_union_map_intersect_domain(R, isl_union_set_copy(D));

        empty = isl_union_map_empty(isl_union_map_get_space(S));
        isl_union_map_compute_flow(isl_union_map_copy(R),
                                   isl_union_map_copy(W), empty,
                                   isl_union_map_copy(S),
                                   &dep_raw, NULL, NULL, NULL);
        isl_union_map_compute_flow(isl_union_map_copy(W),
                                   isl_union_map_copy(W),
                                   isl_union_map_copy(R),
                                   isl_union_map_copy(S),
                                   &dep_waw, &dep_war, NULL, NULL);

        dep = isl_union_map_union(dep_waw, dep_war);
        dep = isl_union_map_union(dep, dep_raw);
        validity = isl_union_map_copy(dep);
        coincidence = isl_union_map_copy(dep);
        proximity = isl_union_map_copy(dep);

        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(isl_union_set_copy(D));
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_validity(sc, validity);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_coincidence(sc, coincidence);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_proximity(sc, proximity);
        sched = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
        schedule = isl_schedule_get_map(sched);
        isl_schedule_free(sched);
        isl_union_map_free(W);
        isl_union_map_free(R);
        isl_union_map_free(S);

        is_injection = 1;
        isl_union_map_foreach_map(schedule, &check_injective, &is_injection);

        domain = isl_union_map_domain(isl_union_map_copy(schedule));
        is_complete = isl_union_set_is_subset(D, domain);
        isl_union_set_free(D);
        isl_union_set_free(domain);

        test = isl_union_map_reverse(isl_union_map_copy(schedule));
        test = isl_union_map_apply_range(test, dep);
        test = isl_union_map_apply_range(test, schedule);

        delta = isl_union_map_deltas(test);
        if (isl_union_set_n_set(delta) == 0) {
                is_tilable = 1;
                is_parallel = 1;
                is_nonneg = 1;
                isl_union_set_free(delta);
        } else {
                delta_set = isl_set_from_union_set(delta);

                slice = isl_set_universe(isl_set_get_space(delta_set));
                for (i = 0; i < tilable; ++i)
                        slice = isl_set_lower_bound_si(slice, isl_dim_set, i, 0);
                is_tilable = isl_set_is_subset(delta_set, slice);
                isl_set_free(slice);

                slice = isl_set_universe(isl_set_get_space(delta_set));
                for (i = 0; i < parallel; ++i)
                        slice = isl_set_fix_si(slice, isl_dim_set, i, 0);
                is_parallel = isl_set_is_subset(delta_set, slice);
                isl_set_free(slice);

                origin = isl_set_universe(isl_set_get_space(delta_set));
                for (i = 0; i < isl_set_dim(origin, isl_dim_set); ++i)
                        origin = isl_set_fix_si(origin, isl_dim_set, i, 0);

                delta_set = isl_set_union(delta_set, isl_set_copy(origin));
                delta_set = isl_set_lexmin(delta_set);

                is_nonneg = isl_set_is_equal(delta_set, origin);

                isl_set_free(origin);
                isl_set_free(delta_set);
        }

        if (is_nonneg < 0 || is_parallel < 0 || is_tilable < 0 ||
            is_injection < 0 || is_complete < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!is_complete)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "generated schedule incomplete", return -1);
        if (!is_injection)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "generated schedule not injective on each statement",
                        return -1);
        if (!is_nonneg)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "negative dependences in generated schedule",
                        return -1);
        if (!is_tilable)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "generated schedule not as tilable as expected",
                        return -1);
        if (!is_parallel)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "generated schedule not as parallel as expected",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Compute a schedule for the given instance set, validity constraints,
 * proximity constraints and context and return a corresponding union map
 * representation.
 */
static __isl_give isl_union_map *compute_schedule_with_context(isl_ctx *ctx,
        const char *domain, const char *validity, const char *proximity,
        const char *context)
{
        isl_set *con;
        isl_union_set *dom;
        isl_union_map *dep;
        isl_union_map *prox;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *schedule;
        isl_union_map *sched;

        con = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, context);
        dom = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, domain);
        dep = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, validity);
        prox = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, proximity);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(dom);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_context(sc, con);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_validity(sc, dep);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_proximity(sc, prox);
        schedule = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
        sched = isl_schedule_get_map(schedule);
        isl_schedule_free(schedule);

        return sched;
}

/* Compute a schedule for the given instance set, validity constraints and
 * proximity constraints and return a corresponding union map representation.
 */
static __isl_give isl_union_map *compute_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx,
        const char *domain, const char *validity, const char *proximity)
{
        return compute_schedule_with_context(ctx, domain, validity, proximity,
                                                "{ : }");
}

/* Check that a schedule can be constructed on the given domain
 * with the given validity and proximity constraints.
 */
static int test_has_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *domain,
        const char *validity, const char *proximity)
{
        isl_union_map *sched;

        sched = compute_schedule(ctx, domain, validity, proximity);
        if (!sched)
                return -1;

        isl_union_map_free(sched);
        return 0;
}

int test_special_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *domain,
        const char *validity, const char *proximity, const char *expected_sched)
{
        isl_union_map *sched1, *sched2;
        int equal;

        sched1 = compute_schedule(ctx, domain, validity, proximity);
        sched2 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, expected_sched);

        equal = isl_union_map_is_equal(sched1, sched2);
        isl_union_map_free(sched1);
        isl_union_map_free(sched2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected schedule",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the schedule map is properly padded, i.e., that the range
 * lives in a single space.
 */
static int test_padded_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_union_set *D;
        isl_union_map *validity, *proximity;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *sched;
        isl_union_map *umap;
        isl_union_set *range;
        isl_set *set;

        str = "[N] -> { S0[i] : 0 <= i <= N; S1[i, j] : 0 <= i, j <= N }";
        D = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        validity = isl_union_map_empty(isl_union_set_get_space(D));
        proximity = isl_union_map_copy(validity);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(D);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_validity(sc, validity);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_proximity(sc, proximity);
        sched = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
        umap = isl_schedule_get_map(sched);
        isl_schedule_free(sched);
        range = isl_union_map_range(umap);
        set = isl_set_from_union_set(range);
        isl_set_free(set);

        if (!set)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Check that conditional validity constraints are also taken into
 * account across bands.
 * In particular, try to make sure that live ranges D[1,0]->C[2,1] and
 * D[2,0]->C[3,0] are not local in the outer band of the generated schedule
 * and then check that the adjacent order constraint C[2,1]->D[2,0]
 * is enforced by the rest of the schedule.
 */
static int test_special_conditional_schedule_constraints(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_union_set *domain;
        isl_union_map *validity, *proximity, *condition;
        isl_union_map *sink, *source, *dep;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *schedule;
        isl_union_access_info *access;
        isl_union_flow *flow;
        int empty;

        str = "[n] -> { C[k, i] : k <= -1 + n and i >= 0 and i <= -1 + k; "
            "A[k] : k >= 1 and k <= -1 + n; "
            "B[k, i] : k <= -1 + n and i >= 0 and i <= -1 + k; "
            "D[k, i] : k <= -1 + n and i >= 0 and i <= -1 + k }";
        domain = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(domain);
        str = "[n] -> { D[k, i] -> C[1 + k, k - i] : "
                "k <= -2 + n and i >= 1 and i <= -1 + k; "
                "D[k, i] -> C[1 + k, i] : "
                "k <= -2 + n and i >= 1 and i <= -1 + k; "
                "D[k, 0] -> C[1 + k, k] : k >= 1 and k <= -2 + n; "
                "D[k, 0] -> C[1 + k, 0] : k >= 1 and k <= -2 + n }";
        validity = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_validity(sc, validity);
        str = "[n] -> { C[k, i] -> D[k, i] : "
                "0 <= i <= -1 + k and k <= -1 + n }";
        proximity = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_proximity(sc, proximity);
        str = "[n] -> { [D[k, i] -> a[]] -> [C[1 + k, k - i] -> b[]] : "
                "i <= -1 + k and i >= 1 and k <= -2 + n; "
                "[B[k, i] -> c[]] -> [B[k, 1 + i] -> c[]] : "
                "k <= -1 + n and i >= 0 and i <= -2 + k }";
        condition = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "[n] -> { [B[k, i] -> e[]] -> [D[k, i] -> a[]] : "
                "i >= 0 and i <= -1 + k and k <= -1 + n; "
                "[C[k, i] -> b[]] -> [D[k', -1 + k - i] -> a[]] : "
                "i >= 0 and i <= -1 + k and k <= -1 + n and "
                "k' <= -1 + n and k' >= k - i and k' >= 1 + k; "
                "[C[k, i] -> b[]] -> [D[k, -1 + k - i] -> a[]] : "
                "i >= 0 and i <= -1 + k and k <= -1 + n; "
                "[B[k, i] -> c[]] -> [A[k'] -> d[]] : "
                "k <= -1 + n and i >= 0 and i <= -1 + k and "
                "k' >= 1 and k' <= -1 + n and k' >= 1 + k }";
        validity = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_conditional_validity(sc, condition,
                                                                validity);
        schedule = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
        str = "{ D[2,0] -> [] }";
        sink = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        access = isl_union_access_info_from_sink(sink);
        str = "{ C[2,1] -> [] }";
        source = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        access = isl_union_access_info_set_must_source(access, source);
        access = isl_union_access_info_set_schedule(access, schedule);
        flow = isl_union_access_info_compute_flow(access);
        dep = isl_union_flow_get_must_dependence(flow);
        isl_union_flow_free(flow);
        empty = isl_union_map_is_empty(dep);
        isl_union_map_free(dep);

        if (empty < 0)
                return -1;
        if (empty)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "conditional validity not respected", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the test for violated conditional validity constraints
 * is not confused by domain compression.
 * In particular, earlier versions of isl would apply
 * a schedule on the compressed domains to the original domains,
 * resulting in a failure to detect that the default schedule
 * violates the conditional validity constraints.
 */
static int test_special_conditional_schedule_constraints_2(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_bool empty;
        isl_union_set *domain;
        isl_union_map *validity, *condition;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *schedule;
        isl_union_map *umap;
        isl_map *map, *ge;

        str = "{ A[0, i] : 0 <= i <= 10; B[1, i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        domain = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(domain);
        str = "{ B[1, i] -> A[0, i + 1] }";
        condition = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ A[0, i] -> B[1, i - 1] }";
        validity = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_conditional_validity(sc, condition,
                                                isl_union_map_copy(validity));
        schedule = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
        umap = isl_schedule_get_map(schedule);
        isl_schedule_free(schedule);
        validity = isl_union_map_apply_domain(validity,
                                                isl_union_map_copy(umap));
        validity = isl_union_map_apply_range(validity, umap);
        map = isl_map_from_union_map(validity);
        ge = isl_map_lex_ge(isl_space_domain(isl_map_get_space(map)));
        map = isl_map_intersect(map, ge);
        empty = isl_map_is_empty(map);
        isl_map_free(map);

        if (empty < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!empty)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "conditional validity constraints not satisfied",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Input for testing of schedule construction based on
 * conditional constraints.
 *
 * domain is the iteration domain
 * flow are the flow dependences, which determine the validity and
 *      proximity constraints
 * condition are the conditions on the conditional validity constraints
 * conditional_validity are the conditional validity constraints
 * outer_band_n is the expected number of members in the outer band
 */
struct {
        const char *domain;
        const char *flow;
        const char *condition;
        const char *conditional_validity;
        int outer_band_n;
} live_range_tests[] = {
        /* Contrived example that illustrates that we need to keep
         * track of tagged condition dependences and
         * tagged conditional validity dependences
         * in isl_sched_edge separately.
         * In particular, the conditional validity constraints on A
         * cannot be satisfied,
         * but they can be ignored because there are no corresponding
         * condition constraints.  However, we do have an additional
         * conditional validity constraint that maps to the same
         * dependence relation
         * as the condition constraint on B.  If we did not make a distinction
         * between tagged condition and tagged conditional validity
         * dependences, then we
         * could end up treating this shared dependence as an condition
         * constraint on A, forcing a localization of the conditions,
         * which is impossible.
         */
        { "{ S[i] : 0 <= 1 < 100; T[i] : 0 <= 1 < 100 }",
          "{ S[i] -> S[i+1] : 0 <= i < 99 }",
          "{ [S[i] -> B[]] -> [S[i+1] -> B[]] : 0 <= i < 99 }",
          "{ [S[i] -> A[]] -> [T[i'] -> A[]] : 0 <= i', i < 100 and i != i';"
            "[T[i] -> A[]] -> [S[i'] -> A[]] : 0 <= i', i < 100 and i != i';"
            "[S[i] -> A[]] -> [S[i+1] -> A[]] : 0 <= i < 99 }",
          1
        },
        /* TACO 2013 Fig. 7 */
        { "[n] -> { S1[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n; S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n }",
          "[n] -> { S1[i,j] -> S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n;"
                   "S2[i,j] -> S2[i,j+1] : 0 <= i < n and 0 <= j < n - 1 }",
          "[n] -> { [S1[i,j] -> t[]] -> [S2[i,j] -> t[]] : 0 <= i,j < n;"
                   "[S2[i,j] -> x1[]] -> [S2[i,j+1] -> x1[]] : "
                                "0 <= i < n and 0 <= j < n - 1 }",
          "[n] -> { [S2[i,j] -> t[]] -> [S1[i,j'] -> t[]] : "
                                "0 <= i < n and 0 <= j < j' < n;"
                   "[S2[i,j] -> t[]] -> [S1[i',j'] -> t[]] : "
                                "0 <= i < i' < n and 0 <= j,j' < n;"
                   "[S2[i,j] -> x1[]] -> [S2[i,j'] -> x1[]] : "
                                "0 <= i,j,j' < n and j < j' }",
            2
        },
        /* TACO 2013 Fig. 7, without tags */
        { "[n] -> { S1[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n; S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n }",
          "[n] -> { S1[i,j] -> S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n;"
                   "S2[i,j] -> S2[i,j+1] : 0 <= i < n and 0 <= j < n - 1 }",
          "[n] -> { S1[i,j] -> S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n;"
                   "S2[i,j] -> S2[i,j+1] : 0 <= i < n and 0 <= j < n - 1 }",
          "[n] -> { S2[i,j] -> S1[i,j'] : 0 <= i < n and 0 <= j < j' < n;"
                   "S2[i,j] -> S1[i',j'] : 0 <= i < i' < n and 0 <= j,j' < n;"
                   "S2[i,j] -> S2[i,j'] : 0 <= i,j,j' < n and j < j' }",
           1
        },
        /* TACO 2013 Fig. 12 */
        { "{ S1[i,0] : 0 <= i <= 1; S2[i,j] : 0 <= i <= 1 and 1 <= j <= 2;"
            "S3[i,3] : 0 <= i <= 1 }",
          "{ S1[i,0] -> S2[i,1] : 0 <= i <= 1;"
            "S2[i,1] -> S2[i,2] : 0 <= i <= 1;"
            "S2[i,2] -> S3[i,3] : 0 <= i <= 1 }",
          "{ [S1[i,0]->t[]] -> [S2[i,1]->t[]] : 0 <= i <= 1;"
            "[S2[i,1]->t[]] -> [S2[i,2]->t[]] : 0 <= i <= 1;"
            "[S2[i,2]->t[]] -> [S3[i,3]->t[]] : 0 <= i <= 1 }",
          "{ [S2[i,1]->t[]] -> [S2[i,2]->t[]] : 0 <= i <= 1;"
            "[S2[0,j]->t[]] -> [S2[1,j']->t[]] : 1 <= j,j' <= 2;"
            "[S2[0,j]->t[]] -> [S1[1,0]->t[]] : 1 <= j <= 2;"
            "[S3[0,3]->t[]] -> [S2[1,j]->t[]] : 1 <= j <= 2;"
            "[S3[0,3]->t[]] -> [S1[1,0]->t[]] }",
           1
        }
};

/* Test schedule construction based on conditional constraints.
 * In particular, check the number of members in the outer band node
 * as an indication of whether tiling is possible or not.
 */
static int test_conditional_schedule_constraints(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_union_set *domain;
        isl_union_map *condition;
        isl_union_map *flow;
        isl_union_map *validity;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *schedule;
        isl_schedule_node *node;
        int n_member;

        if (test_special_conditional_schedule_constraints(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_special_conditional_schedule_constraints_2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(live_range_tests); ++i) {
                domain = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx,
                                live_range_tests[i].domain);
                flow = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                                live_range_tests[i].flow);
                condition = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                                live_range_tests[i].condition);
                validity = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                                live_range_tests[i].conditional_validity);
                sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(domain);
                sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_validity(sc,
                                isl_union_map_copy(flow));
                sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_proximity(sc, flow);
                sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_conditional_validity(sc,
                                condition, validity);
                schedule = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
                node = isl_schedule_get_root(schedule);
                while (node &&
                    isl_schedule_node_get_type(node) != isl_schedule_node_band)
                        node = isl_schedule_node_first_child(node);
                n_member = isl_schedule_node_band_n_member(node);
                isl_schedule_node_free(node);
                isl_schedule_free(schedule);

                if (!schedule)
                        return -1;
                if (n_member != live_range_tests[i].outer_band_n)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected number of members in outer band",
                                return -1);
        }
        return 0;
}

/* Check that the schedule computed for the given instance set and
 * dependence relation strongly satisfies the dependences.
 * In particular, check that no instance is scheduled before
 * or together with an instance on which it depends.
 * Earlier versions of isl would produce a schedule that
 * only weakly satisfies the dependences.
 */
static int test_strongly_satisfying_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *domain, *dep;
        isl_union_map *D, *schedule;
        isl_map *map, *ge;
        int empty;

        domain = "{ B[i0, i1] : 0 <= i0 <= 1 and 0 <= i1 <= 11; "
                    "A[i0] : 0 <= i0 <= 1 }";
        dep = "{ B[i0, i1] -> B[i0, 1 + i1] : 0 <= i0 <= 1 and 0 <= i1 <= 10; "
                "B[0, 11] -> A[1]; A[i0] -> B[i0, 0] : 0 <= i0 <= 1 }";
        schedule = compute_schedule(ctx, domain, dep, dep);
        D = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, dep);
        D = isl_union_map_apply_domain(D, isl_union_map_copy(schedule));
        D = isl_union_map_apply_range(D, schedule);
        map = isl_map_from_union_map(D);
        ge = isl_map_lex_ge(isl_space_domain(isl_map_get_space(map)));
        map = isl_map_intersect(map, ge);
        empty = isl_map_is_empty(map);
        isl_map_free(map);

        if (empty < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!empty)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "dependences not strongly satisfied", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Compute a schedule for input where the instance set constraints
 * conflict with the context constraints.
 * Earlier versions of isl did not properly handle this situation.
 */
static int test_conflicting_context_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_union_map *schedule;
        const char *domain, *context;

        domain = "[n] -> { A[] : n >= 0 }";
        context = "[n] -> { : n < 0 }";
        schedule = compute_schedule_with_context(ctx,
                                                domain, "{}", "{}", context);
        isl_union_map_free(schedule);

        if (!schedule)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the dependence carrying step is not confused by
 * a bound on the coefficient size.
 * In particular, force the scheduler to move to a dependence carrying
 * step by demanding outer coincidence and bound the size of
 * the coefficients.  Earlier versions of isl would take this
 * bound into account while carrying dependences, breaking
 * fundamental assumptions.
 * On the other hand, the dependence carrying step now tries
 * to prevent loop coalescing by default, so check that indeed
 * no loop coalescing occurs by comparing the computed schedule
 * to the expected non-coalescing schedule.
 */
static int test_bounded_coefficients_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *domain, *dep;
        isl_union_set *I;
        isl_union_map *D;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *schedule;
        isl_union_map *sched1, *sched2;
        isl_bool equal;

        domain = "{ C[i0, i1] : 2 <= i0 <= 3999 and 0 <= i1 <= -1 + i0 }";
        dep = "{ C[i0, i1] -> C[i0, 1 + i1] : i0 <= 3999 and i1 >= 0 and "
                                                "i1 <= -2 + i0; "
                "C[i0, -1 + i0] -> C[1 + i0, 0] : i0 <= 3998 and i0 >= 1 }";
        I = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, domain);
        D = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, dep);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(I);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_validity(sc, isl_union_map_copy(D));
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_coincidence(sc, D);
        isl_options_set_schedule_outer_coincidence(ctx, 1);
        isl_options_set_schedule_max_coefficient(ctx, 20);
        schedule = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
        isl_options_set_schedule_max_coefficient(ctx, -1);
        isl_options_set_schedule_outer_coincidence(ctx, 0);
        sched1 = isl_schedule_get_map(schedule);
        isl_schedule_free(schedule);

        sched2 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, "{ C[x,y] -> [x,y] }");
        equal = isl_union_map_is_equal(sched1, sched2);
        isl_union_map_free(sched1);
        isl_union_map_free(sched2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected schedule", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the bounds on the coefficients are respected.
 * This function checks for a particular output schedule,
 * but the exact output is not important, only that it does
 * not contain any coefficients greater than 4.
 * It is, however, easier to check for a particular output.
 * This test is only run for the whole component scheduler
 * because the incremental scheduler produces a slightly different schedule.
 */
static int test_bounded_coefficients_schedule_whole(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *domain, *dep, *str;
        isl_union_set *I;
        isl_union_map *D;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *schedule;
        isl_union_map *sched1, *sched2;
        isl_bool equal;

        domain = "{ S_4[i, j, k] : 0 <= i < j <= 10 and 0 <= k <= 100; "
            "S_2[i, j] : 0 <= i < j <= 10; S_6[i, j] : 0 <= i < j <= 10 }";
        dep = "{ S_2[0, j] -> S_4[0, j, 0] : 0 < j <= 10; "
            "S_4[0, j, 100] -> S_6[0, j] : 0 < j <= 10 }";
        I = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, domain);
        D = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, dep);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(I);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_validity(sc, D);
        isl_options_set_schedule_max_constant_term(ctx, 10);
        isl_options_set_schedule_max_coefficient(ctx, 4);
        schedule = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
        isl_options_set_schedule_max_coefficient(ctx, -1);
        isl_options_set_schedule_max_constant_term(ctx, -1);
        sched1 = isl_schedule_get_map(schedule);
        isl_schedule_free(schedule);

        str = "{ S_4[i, j, k] -> [i, j, 10 - k]; "
            "S_2[i, j] -> [0, i, j]; S_6[i, j] -> [0, 10 + i, j] }";
        sched2 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_union_map_is_equal(sched1, sched2);
        isl_union_map_free(sched1);
        isl_union_map_free(sched2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected schedule", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that a set of schedule constraints that only allow for
 * a coalescing schedule still produces a schedule even if the user
 * request a non-coalescing schedule.  Earlier versions of isl
 * would not handle this case correctly.
 */
static int test_coalescing_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *domain, *dep;
        isl_union_set *I;
        isl_union_map *D;
        isl_schedule_constraints *sc;
        isl_schedule *schedule;
        int treat_coalescing;

        domain = "{ S[a, b] : 0 <= a <= 1 and 0 <= b <= 1 }";
        dep = "{ S[a, b] -> S[a + b, 1 - b] }";
        I = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, domain);
        D = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, dep);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_on_domain(I);
        sc = isl_schedule_constraints_set_validity(sc, D);
        treat_coalescing = isl_options_get_schedule_treat_coalescing(ctx);
        isl_options_set_schedule_treat_coalescing(ctx, 1);
        schedule = isl_schedule_constraints_compute_schedule(sc);
        isl_options_set_schedule_treat_coalescing(ctx, treat_coalescing);
        isl_schedule_free(schedule);
        if (!schedule)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

/* Check that the scheduler does not perform any needless
 * compound skewing.  Earlier versions of isl would compute
 * schedules in terms of transformed schedule coefficients and
 * would not accurately keep track of the sum of the original
 * schedule coefficients.  It could then produce the schedule
 * S[t,i,j,k] -> [t, 2t + i, 2t + i + j, 2t + i + j + k]
 * for the input below instead of the schedule below.
 */
static int test_skewing_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *D, *V, *P, *S;

        D = "[n] -> { S[t,i,j,k] : 0 <= t,i,j,k < n }";
        V = "[n] -> { S[t,i,j,k] -> S[t+1,a,b,c] : 0 <= t,i,j,k,a,b,c < n and "
                "-2 <= a-i <= 2 and -1 <= a-i + b-j <= 1 and "
                "-1 <= a-i + b-j + c-k <= 1 }";
        P = "{ }";
        S = "{ S[t,i,j,k] -> [t, 2t + i, t + i + j, 2t + k] }";

        return test_special_schedule(ctx, D, V, P, S);
}

int test_schedule(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *D, *W, *R, *V, *P, *S;
        int max_coincidence;
        int treat_coalescing;

        /* Handle resulting schedule with zero bands. */
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, "{[]}", "{}", "{}", "{[] -> []}", 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;

        /* Jacobi */
        D = "[T,N] -> { S1[t,i] : 1 <= t <= T and 2 <= i <= N - 1 }";
        W = "{ S1[t,i] -> a[t,i] }";
        R = "{ S1[t,i] -> a[t-1,i]; S1[t,i] -> a[t-1,i-1]; "
                "S1[t,i] -> a[t-1,i+1] }";
        S = "{ S1[t,i] -> [t,i] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 2, 0) < 0)
                return -1;

        /* Fig. 5 of CC2008 */
        D = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N and j >= 2 and "
                                "j <= -1 + N }";
        W = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> a[i, j] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N and "
                                "j >= 2 and j <= -1 + N }";
        R = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> a[j, i] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N and "
                                "j >= 2 and j <= -1 + N; "
                    "S_0[i, j] -> a[i, -1 + j] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N and "
                                "j >= 2 and j <= -1 + N }";
        S = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> [0, i, 0, j, 0] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 2, 0) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "{ S1[i] : 0 <= i <= 10; S2[i] : 0 <= i <= 9 }";
        W = "{ S1[i] -> a[i] }";
        R = "{ S2[i] -> a[i+1] }";
        S = "{ S1[i] -> [0,i]; S2[i] -> [1,i] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 1, 1) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "{ S1[i] : 0 <= i < 10; S2[i] : 0 <= i < 10 }";
        W = "{ S1[i] -> a[i] }";
        R = "{ S2[i] -> a[9-i] }";
        S = "{ S1[i] -> [0,i]; S2[i] -> [1,i] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 1, 1) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "[N] -> { S1[i] : 0 <= i < N; S2[i] : 0 <= i < N }";
        W = "{ S1[i] -> a[i] }";
        R = "[N] -> { S2[i] -> a[N-1-i] }";
        S = "{ S1[i] -> [0,i]; S2[i] -> [1,i] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 1, 1) < 0)
                return -1;
        
        D = "{ S1[i] : 0 < i < 10; S2[i] : 0 <= i < 10 }";
        W = "{ S1[i] -> a[i]; S2[i] -> b[i] }";
        R = "{ S2[i] -> a[i]; S1[i] -> b[i-1] }";
        S = "{ S1[i] -> [i,0]; S2[i] -> [i,1] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "[N] -> { S1[i] : 1 <= i <= N; S2[i,j] : 1 <= i,j <= N }";
        W = "{ S1[i] -> a[0,i]; S2[i,j] -> a[i,j] }";
        R = "{ S2[i,j] -> a[i-1,j] }";
        S = "{ S1[i] -> [0,i,0]; S2[i,j] -> [1,i,j] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 2, 1) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "[N] -> { S1[i] : 1 <= i <= N; S2[i,j] : 1 <= i,j <= N }";
        W = "{ S1[i] -> a[i,0]; S2[i,j] -> a[i,j] }";
        R = "{ S2[i,j] -> a[i,j-1] }";
        S = "{ S1[i] -> [0,i,0]; S2[i,j] -> [1,i,j] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 2, 1) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "[N] -> { S_0[]; S_1[i] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N; S_2[] }";
        W = "[N] -> { S_0[] -> a[0]; S_2[] -> b[0]; "
                    "S_1[i] -> a[1 + i] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N }";
        R = "[N] -> { S_2[] -> a[N]; S_1[i] -> a[i] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N }";
        S = "[N] -> { S_1[i] -> [1, i, 0]; S_2[] -> [2, 0, 1]; "
                    "S_0[] -> [0, 0, 0] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 1, 0) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_parametric = 0;
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_parametric = 1;

        D = "[N] -> { S1[i] : 1 <= i <= N; S2[i] : 1 <= i <= N; "
                    "S3[i,j] : 1 <= i,j <= N; S4[i] : 1 <= i <= N }";
        W = "{ S1[i] -> a[i,0]; S2[i] -> a[0,i]; S3[i,j] -> a[i,j] }";
        R = "[N] -> { S3[i,j] -> a[i-1,j]; S3[i,j] -> a[i,j-1]; "
                    "S4[i] -> a[i,N] }";
        S = "{ S1[i] -> [0,i,0]; S2[i] -> [1,i,0]; S3[i,j] -> [2,i,j]; "
                "S4[i] -> [4,i,0] }";
        max_coincidence = isl_options_get_schedule_maximize_coincidence(ctx);
        isl_options_set_schedule_maximize_coincidence(ctx, 0);
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 2, 0) < 0)
                return -1;
        isl_options_set_schedule_maximize_coincidence(ctx, max_coincidence);

        D = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] : i >= 1 and i <= N and j >= 1 and j <= N }";
        W = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> s[0] : i >= 1 and i <= N and j >= 1 and "
                                        "j <= N }";
        R = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> s[0] : i >= 1 and i <= N and j >= 1 and "
                                        "j <= N; "
                    "S_0[i, j] -> a[i, j] : i >= 1 and i <= N and j >= 1 and "
                                        "j <= N }";
        S = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> [0, i, 0, j, 0] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "[N] -> { S_0[t] : t >= 0 and t <= -1 + N; "
                    " S_2[t] : t >= 0 and t <= -1 + N; "
                    " S_1[t, i] : t >= 0 and t <= -1 + N and i >= 0 and "
                                "i <= -1 + N }";
        W = "[N] -> { S_0[t] -> a[t, 0] : t >= 0 and t <= -1 + N; "
                    " S_2[t] -> b[t] : t >= 0 and t <= -1 + N; "
                    " S_1[t, i] -> a[t, 1 + i] : t >= 0 and t <= -1 + N and "
                                                "i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N }";
        R = "[N] -> { S_1[t, i] -> a[t, i] : t >= 0 and t <= -1 + N and "
                                            "i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N; "
                    " S_2[t] -> a[t, N] : t >= 0 and t <= -1 + N }";
        S = "[N] -> { S_2[t] -> [0, t, 2]; S_1[t, i] -> [0, t, 1, i, 0]; "
                    " S_0[t] -> [0, t, 0] }";

        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 2, 1) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_parametric = 0;
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_parametric = 1;

        D = "[N] -> { S1[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < N; S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < N }";
        S = "{ S1[i,j] -> [0,i,j]; S2[i,j] -> [1,i,j] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, "{}", "{}", S, 2, 2) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "[M, N] -> { S_1[i] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + M; "
            "S_0[i, j] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + M and j >= 0 and j <= -1 + N }";
        W = "[M, N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> a[j] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + M and "
                                            "j >= 0 and j <= -1 + N; "
                        "S_1[i] -> b[0] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + M }";
        R = "[M, N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> a[0] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + M and "
                                            "j >= 0 and j <= -1 + N; "
                        "S_1[i] -> b[0] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + M }";
        S = "[M, N] -> { S_1[i] -> [1, i, 0]; S_0[i, j] -> [0, i, 0, j, 0] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "{ S_0[i] : i >= 0 }";
        W = "{ S_0[i] -> a[i] : i >= 0 }";
        R = "{ S_0[i] -> a[0] : i >= 0 }";
        S = "{ S_0[i] -> [0, i, 0] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "{ S_0[i] : i >= 0; S_1[i] : i >= 0 }";
        W = "{ S_0[i] -> a[i] : i >= 0; S_1[i] -> b[i] : i >= 0 }";
        R = "{ S_0[i] -> b[0] : i >= 0; S_1[i] -> a[i] : i >= 0 }";
        S = "{ S_1[i] -> [0, i, 1]; S_0[i] -> [0, i, 0] }";
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;

        D = "[n] -> { S_0[j, k] : j <= -1 + n and j >= 0 and "
                                "k <= -1 + n and k >= 0 }";
        W = "[n] -> { S_0[j, k] -> B[j] : j <= -1 + n and j >= 0 and "                                                  "k <= -1 + n and k >= 0 }";
        R = "[n] -> { S_0[j, k] -> B[j] : j <= -1 + n and j >= 0 and "
                                        "k <= -1 + n and k >= 0; "
                    "S_0[j, k] -> B[k] : j <= -1 + n and j >= 0 and "
                                        "k <= -1 + n and k >= 0; "
                    "S_0[j, k] -> A[k] : j <= -1 + n and j >= 0 and "
                                        "k <= -1 + n and k >= 0 }";
        S = "[n] -> { S_0[j, k] -> [2, j, k] }";
        ctx->opt->schedule_outer_coincidence = 1;
        if (test_one_schedule(ctx, D, W, R, S, 0, 0) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_outer_coincidence = 0;

        D = "{Stmt_for_body24[i0, i1, i2, i3]:"
                "i0 >= 0 and i0 <= 1 and i1 >= 0 and i1 <= 6 and i2 >= 2 and "
                "i2 <= 6 - i1 and i3 >= 0 and i3 <= -1 + i2;"
             "Stmt_for_body24[i0, i1, 1, 0]:"
                "i0 >= 0 and i0 <= 1 and i1 >= 0 and i1 <= 5;"
             "Stmt_for_body7[i0, i1, i2]:"
                "i0 >= 0 and i0 <= 1 and i1 >= 0 and i1 <= 7 and i2 >= 0 and "
                "i2 <= 7 }";

        V = "{Stmt_for_body24[0, i1, i2, i3] -> "
                "Stmt_for_body24[1, i1, i2, i3]:"
                "i3 >= 0 and i3 <= -1 + i2 and i1 >= 0 and i2 <= 6 - i1 and "
                "i2 >= 1;"
             "Stmt_for_body24[0, i1, i2, i3] -> "
                "Stmt_for_body7[1, 1 + i1 + i3, 1 + i1 + i2]:"
                "i3 <= -1 + i2 and i2 <= 6 - i1 and i2 >= 1 and i1 >= 0 and "
                "i3 >= 0;"
              "Stmt_for_body24[0, i1, i2, i3] ->"
                "Stmt_for_body7[1, i1, 1 + i1 + i3]:"
                "i3 >= 0 and i2 <= 6 - i1 and i1 >= 0 and i3 <= -1 + i2;"
              "Stmt_for_body7[0, i1, i2] -> Stmt_for_body7[1, i1, i2]:"
                "(i2 >= 1 + i1 and i2 <= 6 and i1 >= 0 and i1 <= 4) or "
                "(i2 >= 3 and i2 <= 7 and i1 >= 1 and i2 >= 1 + i1) or "
                "(i2 >= 0 and i2 <= i1 and i2 >= -7 + i1 and i1 <= 7);"
              "Stmt_for_body7[0, i1, 1 + i1] -> Stmt_for_body7[1, i1, 1 + i1]:"
                "i1 <= 6 and i1 >= 0;"
              "Stmt_for_body7[0, 0, 7] -> Stmt_for_body7[1, 0, 7];"
              "Stmt_for_body7[i0, i1, i2] -> "
                "Stmt_for_body24[i0, o1, -1 + i2 - o1, -1 + i1 - o1]:"
                "i0 >= 0 and i0 <= 1 and o1 >= 0 and i2 >= 1 + i1 and "
                "o1 <= -2 + i2 and i2 <= 7 and o1 <= -1 + i1;"
              "Stmt_for_body7[i0, i1, i2] -> "
                "Stmt_for_body24[i0, i1, o2, -1 - i1 + i2]:"
                "i0 >= 0 and i0 <= 1 and i1 >= 0 and o2 >= -i1 + i2 and "
                "o2 >= 1 and o2 <= 6 - i1 and i2 >= 1 + i1 }";
        P = V;

        treat_coalescing = isl_options_get_schedule_treat_coalescing(ctx);
        isl_options_set_schedule_treat_coalescing(ctx, 0);
        if (test_has_schedule(ctx, D, V, P) < 0)
                return -1;
        isl_options_set_schedule_treat_coalescing(ctx, treat_coalescing);

        D = "{ S_0[i, j] : i >= 1 and i <= 10 and j >= 1 and j <= 8 }";
        V = "{ S_0[i, j] -> S_0[i, 1 + j] : i >= 1 and i <= 10 and "
                                           "j >= 1 and j <= 7;"
                "S_0[i, j] -> S_0[1 + i, j] : i >= 1 and i <= 9 and "
                                             "j >= 1 and j <= 8 }";
        P = "{ }";
        S = "{ S_0[i, j] -> [i + j, i] }";
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_FEAUTRIER;
        if (test_special_schedule(ctx, D, V, P, S) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_ISL;

        /* Fig. 1 from Feautrier's "Some Efficient Solutions..." pt. 2, 1992 */
        D = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] : i >= 0 and i <= -1 + N and "
                                 "j >= 0 and j <= -1 + i }";
        V = "[N] -> { S_0[i, j] -> S_0[i, 1 + j] : j <= -2 + i and "
                                        "i <= -1 + N and j >= 0;"
                     "S_0[i, -1 + i] -> S_0[1 + i, 0] : i >= 1 and "
                                        "i <= -2 + N }";
        P = "{ }";
        S = "{ S_0[i, j] -> [i, j] }";
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_FEAUTRIER;
        if (test_special_schedule(ctx, D, V, P, S) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_ISL;

        /* Test both algorithms on a case with only proximity dependences. */
        D = "{ S[i,j] : 0 <= i <= 10 }";
        V = "{ }";
        P = "{ S[i,j] -> S[i+1,j] : 0 <= i,j <= 10 }";
        S = "{ S[i, j] -> [j, i] }";
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_FEAUTRIER;
        if (test_special_schedule(ctx, D, V, P, S) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_ISL;
        if (test_special_schedule(ctx, D, V, P, S) < 0)
                return -1;
        
        D = "{ A[a]; B[] }";
        V = "{}";
        P = "{ A[a] -> B[] }";
        if (test_has_schedule(ctx, D, V, P) < 0)
                return -1;

        if (test_padded_schedule(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        /* Check that check for progress is not confused by rational
         * solution.
         */
        D = "[N] -> { S0[i, j] : i >= 0 and i <= N and j >= 0 and j <= N }";
        V = "[N] -> { S0[i0, -1 + N] -> S0[2 + i0, 0] : i0 >= 0 and "
                                                        "i0 <= -2 + N; "
                        "S0[i0, i1] -> S0[i0, 1 + i1] : i0 >= 0 and "
                                "i0 <= N and i1 >= 0 and i1 <= -1 + N }";
        P = "{}";
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_FEAUTRIER;
        if (test_has_schedule(ctx, D, V, P) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_ISL;

        /* Check that we allow schedule rows that are only non-trivial
         * on some full-dimensional domains.
         */
        D = "{ S1[j] : 0 <= j <= 1; S0[]; S2[k] : 0 <= k <= 1 }";
        V = "{ S0[] -> S1[j] : 0 <= j <= 1; S2[0] -> S0[];"
                "S1[j] -> S2[1] : 0 <= j <= 1 }";
        P = "{}";
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_FEAUTRIER;
        if (test_has_schedule(ctx, D, V, P) < 0)
                return -1;
        ctx->opt->schedule_algorithm = ISL_SCHEDULE_ALGORITHM_ISL;

        if (test_conditional_schedule_constraints(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        if (test_strongly_satisfying_schedule(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        if (test_conflicting_context_schedule(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        if (test_bounded_coefficients_schedule(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_coalescing_schedule(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_skewing_schedule(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Perform scheduling tests using the whole component scheduler.
 */
static int test_schedule_whole(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int whole;
        int r;

        whole = isl_options_get_schedule_whole_component(ctx);
        isl_options_set_schedule_whole_component(ctx, 1);
        r = test_schedule(ctx);
        if (r >= 0)
                r = test_bounded_coefficients_schedule_whole(ctx);
        isl_options_set_schedule_whole_component(ctx, whole);

        return r;
}

/* Perform scheduling tests using the incremental scheduler.
 */
static int test_schedule_incremental(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int whole;
        int r;

        whole = isl_options_get_schedule_whole_component(ctx);
        isl_options_set_schedule_whole_component(ctx, 0);
        r = test_schedule(ctx);
        isl_options_set_schedule_whole_component(ctx, whole);

        return r;
}

int test_plain_injective(isl_ctx *ctx, const char *str, int injective)
{
        isl_union_map *umap;
        int test;

        umap = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        test = isl_union_map_plain_is_injective(umap);
        isl_union_map_free(umap);
        if (test < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test == injective)
                return 0;
        if (injective)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "map not detected as injective", return -1);
        else
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "map detected as injective", return -1);
}

int test_injective(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;

        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, "{S[i,j] -> A[0]; T[i,j] -> B[1]}", 0))
                return -1;
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, "{S[] -> A[0]; T[] -> B[0]}", 1))
                return -1;
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, "{S[] -> A[0]; T[] -> A[1]}", 1))
                return -1;
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, "{S[] -> A[0]; T[] -> A[0]}", 0))
                return -1;
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, "{S[i] -> A[i,0]; T[i] -> A[i,1]}", 1))
                return -1;
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, "{S[i] -> A[i]; T[i] -> A[i]}", 0))
                return -1;
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, "{S[] -> A[0,0]; T[] -> A[0,1]}", 1))
                return -1;
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, "{S[] -> A[0,0]; T[] -> A[1,0]}", 1))
                return -1;

        str = "{S[] -> A[0,0]; T[] -> A[0,1]; U[] -> A[1,0]}";
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, str, 1))
                return -1;
        str = "{S[] -> A[0,0]; T[] -> A[0,1]; U[] -> A[0,0]}";
        if (test_plain_injective(ctx, str, 0))
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

static int aff_plain_is_equal(__isl_keep isl_aff *aff, const char *str)
{
        isl_aff *aff2;
        int equal;

        if (!aff)
                return -1;

        aff2 = isl_aff_read_from_str(isl_aff_get_ctx(aff), str);
        equal = isl_aff_plain_is_equal(aff, aff2);
        isl_aff_free(aff2);

        return equal;
}

static int aff_check_plain_equal(__isl_keep isl_aff *aff, const char *str)
{
        int equal;

        equal = aff_plain_is_equal(aff, str);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(isl_aff_get_ctx(aff), isl_error_unknown,
                        "result not as expected", return -1);
        return 0;
}

/* Is "upa" obviously equal to the isl_union_pw_aff represented by "str"?
 */
static isl_bool union_pw_aff_plain_is_equal(__isl_keep isl_union_pw_aff *upa,
        const char *str)
{
        isl_ctx *ctx;
        isl_union_pw_aff *upa2;
        isl_bool equal;

        if (!upa)
                return isl_bool_error;

        ctx = isl_union_pw_aff_get_ctx(upa);
        upa2 = isl_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_union_pw_aff_plain_is_equal(upa, upa2);
        isl_union_pw_aff_free(upa2);

        return equal;
}

/* Check that "upa" is obviously equal to the isl_union_pw_aff
 * represented by "str".
 */
static isl_stat union_pw_aff_check_plain_equal(__isl_keep isl_union_pw_aff *upa,
        const char *str)
{
        isl_bool equal;

        equal = union_pw_aff_plain_is_equal(upa, str);
        if (equal < 0)
                return isl_stat_error;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(isl_union_pw_aff_get_ctx(upa), isl_error_unknown,
                        "result not as expected", return isl_stat_error);
        return isl_stat_ok;
}

/* Basic tests on isl_union_pw_aff.
 *
 * In particular, check that isl_union_pw_aff_aff_on_domain
 * aligns the parameters of the input objects and
 * that isl_union_pw_aff_param_on_domain_id properly
 * introduces the parameter.
 */
static int test_upa(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_id *id;
        isl_aff *aff;
        isl_union_set *domain;
        isl_union_pw_aff *upa;
        isl_stat ok;

        aff = isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, "[N] -> { [N] }");
        str = "[M] -> { A[i] : 0 <= i < M; B[] }";
        domain = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        upa = isl_union_pw_aff_aff_on_domain(domain, aff);
        str = "[N, M] -> { A[i] -> [N] : 0 <= i < M; B[] -> [N] }";
        ok = union_pw_aff_check_plain_equal(upa, str);
        isl_union_pw_aff_free(upa);
        if (ok < 0)
                return -1;

        id = isl_id_alloc(ctx, "N", NULL);
        str = "[M] -> { A[i] : 0 <= i < M; B[] }";
        domain = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        upa = isl_union_pw_aff_param_on_domain_id(domain, id);
        str = "[N, M] -> { A[i] -> [N] : 0 <= i < M; B[] -> [N] }";
        ok = union_pw_aff_check_plain_equal(upa, str);
        isl_union_pw_aff_free(upa);
        if (ok < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

struct {
        __isl_give isl_aff *(*fn)(__isl_take isl_aff *aff1,
                                __isl_take isl_aff *aff2);
} aff_bin_op[] = {
        ['+'] = { &isl_aff_add },
        ['-'] = { &isl_aff_sub },
        ['*'] = { &isl_aff_mul },
        ['/'] = { &isl_aff_div },
};

struct {
        const char *arg1;
        unsigned char op;
        const char *arg2;
        const char *res;
} aff_bin_tests[] = {
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", '+', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [2i] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", '-', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [0] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", '*', "{ [i] -> [2] }",
          "{ [i] -> [2i] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [2] }", '*', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [2i] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", '/', "{ [i] -> [2] }",
          "{ [i] -> [i/2] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [2i] }", '/', "{ [i] -> [2] }",
          "{ [i] -> [i] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", '+', "{ [i] -> [NaN] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", '-', "{ [i] -> [NaN] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", '*', "{ [i] -> [NaN] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [2] }", '*', "{ [i] -> [NaN] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", '/', "{ [i] -> [NaN] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [2] }", '/', "{ [i] -> [NaN] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [NaN] }", '+', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [NaN] }", '-', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [NaN] }", '*', "{ [i] -> [2] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [NaN] }", '*', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [NaN] }", '/', "{ [i] -> [2] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [NaN] }", '/', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
};

/* Perform some basic tests of binary operations on isl_aff objects.
 */
static int test_bin_aff(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_aff *aff1, *aff2, *res;
        __isl_give isl_aff *(*fn)(__isl_take isl_aff *aff1,
                                __isl_take isl_aff *aff2);
        int ok;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(aff_bin_tests); ++i) {
                aff1 = isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, aff_bin_tests[i].arg1);
                aff2 = isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, aff_bin_tests[i].arg2);
                res = isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, aff_bin_tests[i].res);
                fn = aff_bin_op[aff_bin_tests[i].op].fn;
                aff1 = fn(aff1, aff2);
                if (isl_aff_is_nan(res))
                        ok = isl_aff_is_nan(aff1);
                else
                        ok = isl_aff_plain_is_equal(aff1, res);
                isl_aff_free(aff1);
                isl_aff_free(res);
                if (ok < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!ok)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        __isl_give isl_pw_aff *(*fn)(__isl_take isl_pw_aff *pa1,
                                     __isl_take isl_pw_aff *pa2);
} pw_aff_bin_op[] = {
        ['m'] = { &isl_pw_aff_min },
        ['M'] = { &isl_pw_aff_max },
};

/* Inputs for binary isl_pw_aff operation tests.
 * "arg1" and "arg2" are the two arguments, "op" identifies the operation
 * defined by pw_aff_bin_op, and "res" is the expected result.
 */
struct {
        const char *arg1;
        unsigned char op;
        const char *arg2;
        const char *res;
} pw_aff_bin_tests[] = {
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", 'm', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [i] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", 'M', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [i] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", 'm', "{ [i] -> [0] }",
          "{ [i] -> [i] : i <= 0; [i] -> [0] : i > 0 }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", 'M', "{ [i] -> [0] }",
          "{ [i] -> [i] : i >= 0; [i] -> [0] : i < 0 }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [i] }", 'm', "{ [i] -> [NaN] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
        { "{ [i] -> [NaN] }", 'm', "{ [i] -> [i] }",
          "{ [i] -> [NaN] }" },
};

/* Perform some basic tests of binary operations on isl_pw_aff objects.
 */
static int test_bin_pw_aff(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_bool ok;
        isl_pw_aff *pa1, *pa2, *res;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pw_aff_bin_tests); ++i) {
                pa1 = isl_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, pw_aff_bin_tests[i].arg1);
                pa2 = isl_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, pw_aff_bin_tests[i].arg2);
                res = isl_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, pw_aff_bin_tests[i].res);
                pa1 = pw_aff_bin_op[pw_aff_bin_tests[i].op].fn(pa1, pa2);
                if (isl_pw_aff_involves_nan(res))
                        ok = isl_pw_aff_involves_nan(pa1);
                else
                        ok = isl_pw_aff_plain_is_equal(pa1, res);
                isl_pw_aff_free(pa1);
                isl_pw_aff_free(res);
                if (ok < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!ok)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        __isl_give isl_union_pw_multi_aff *(*fn)(
                __isl_take isl_union_pw_multi_aff *upma1,
                __isl_take isl_union_pw_multi_aff *upma2);
        const char *arg1;
        const char *arg2;
        const char *res;
} upma_bin_tests[] = {
        { &isl_union_pw_multi_aff_add, "{ A[] -> [0]; B[0] -> [1] }",
          "{ B[x] -> [2] : x >= 0 }", "{ B[0] -> [3] }" },
        { &isl_union_pw_multi_aff_union_add, "{ A[] -> [0]; B[0] -> [1] }",
          "{ B[x] -> [2] : x >= 0 }",
          "{ A[] -> [0]; B[0] -> [3]; B[x] -> [2] : x >= 1 }" },
        { &isl_union_pw_multi_aff_pullback_union_pw_multi_aff,
          "{ A[] -> B[0]; C[x] -> B[1] : x < 10; C[y] -> B[2] : y >= 10 }",
          "{ D[i] -> A[] : i < 0; D[i] -> C[i + 5] : i >= 0 }",
          "{ D[i] -> B[0] : i < 0; D[i] -> B[1] : 0 <= i < 5; "
            "D[i] -> B[2] : i >= 5 }" },
        { &isl_union_pw_multi_aff_union_add, "{ B[x] -> A[1] : x <= 0 }",
          "{ B[x] -> C[2] : x > 0 }",
          "{ B[x] -> A[1] : x <= 0; B[x] -> C[2] : x > 0 }" },
        { &isl_union_pw_multi_aff_union_add, "{ B[x] -> A[1] : x <= 0 }",
          "{ B[x] -> A[2] : x >= 0 }",
          "{ B[x] -> A[1] : x < 0; B[x] -> A[2] : x > 0; B[0] -> A[3] }" },
};

/* Perform some basic tests of binary operations on
 * isl_union_pw_multi_aff objects.
 */
static int test_bin_upma(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_union_pw_multi_aff *upma1, *upma2, *res;
        int ok;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(upma_bin_tests); ++i) {
                upma1 = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                        upma_bin_tests[i].arg1);
                upma2 = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                        upma_bin_tests[i].arg2);
                res = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                        upma_bin_tests[i].res);
                upma1 = upma_bin_tests[i].fn(upma1, upma2);
                ok = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(upma1, res);
                isl_union_pw_multi_aff_free(upma1);
                isl_union_pw_multi_aff_free(res);
                if (ok < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!ok)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        __isl_give isl_union_pw_multi_aff *(*fn)(
                __isl_take isl_union_pw_multi_aff *upma1,
                __isl_take isl_union_pw_multi_aff *upma2);
        const char *arg1;
        const char *arg2;
} upma_bin_fail_tests[] = {
        { &isl_union_pw_multi_aff_union_add, "{ B[x] -> A[1] : x <= 0 }",
          "{ B[x] -> C[2] : x >= 0 }" },
};

/* Perform some basic tests of binary operations on
 * isl_union_pw_multi_aff objects that are expected to fail.
 */
static int test_bin_upma_fail(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i, n;
        isl_union_pw_multi_aff *upma1, *upma2;
        int on_error;

        on_error = isl_options_get_on_error(ctx);
        isl_options_set_on_error(ctx, ISL_ON_ERROR_CONTINUE);
        n = ARRAY_SIZE(upma_bin_fail_tests);
        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                upma1 = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                upma_bin_fail_tests[i].arg1);
                upma2 = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                upma_bin_fail_tests[i].arg2);
                upma1 = upma_bin_fail_tests[i].fn(upma1, upma2);
                isl_union_pw_multi_aff_free(upma1);
                if (upma1)
                        break;
        }
        isl_options_set_on_error(ctx, on_error);
        if (i < n)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "operation not expected to succeed", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Inputs for basic tests of binary operations on
 * pairs of isl_multi_union_pw_aff and isl_union_set objects.
 * "fn" is the function that is tested.
 * "arg1" and "arg2" are string descriptions of the inputs.
 * "res" is a string description of the expected result.
 */
struct {
        __isl_give isl_multi_union_pw_aff *(*fn)(
                __isl_take isl_multi_union_pw_aff *mupa,
                __isl_take isl_union_set *uset);
        const char *arg1;
        const char *arg2;
        const char *res;
} mupa_uset_tests[] = {
        { &isl_multi_union_pw_aff_intersect_domain,
          "C[{ B[i,j] -> [i + 2j] }]", "{ B[i,i] }",
          "C[{ B[i,i] -> [3i] }]" },
};

/* Perform some basic tests of binary operations on
 * pairs of isl_multi_union_pw_aff and isl_union_set objects.
 */
static int test_mupa_uset(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_bool ok;
        isl_multi_union_pw_aff *mupa, *res;
        isl_union_set *uset;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mupa_uset_tests); ++i) {
                mupa = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                    mupa_uset_tests[i].arg1);
                uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                    mupa_uset_tests[i].arg2);
                res = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                    mupa_uset_tests[i].res);
                mupa = mupa_uset_tests[i].fn(mupa, uset);
                ok = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_plain_is_equal(mupa, res);
                isl_multi_union_pw_aff_free(mupa);
                isl_multi_union_pw_aff_free(res);
                if (ok < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!ok)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

int test_aff(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_space *space;
        isl_local_space *ls;
        isl_aff *aff;
        int zero, equal;

        if (test_upa(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_bin_aff(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_bin_pw_aff(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_bin_upma(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_bin_upma_fail(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_mupa_uset(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        space = isl_space_set_alloc(ctx, 0, 1);
        ls = isl_local_space_from_space(space);
        aff = isl_aff_zero_on_domain(ls);

        aff = isl_aff_add_coefficient_si(aff, isl_dim_in, 0, 1);
        aff = isl_aff_scale_down_ui(aff, 3);
        aff = isl_aff_floor(aff);
        aff = isl_aff_add_coefficient_si(aff, isl_dim_in, 0, 1);
        aff = isl_aff_scale_down_ui(aff, 2);
        aff = isl_aff_floor(aff);
        aff = isl_aff_add_coefficient_si(aff, isl_dim_in, 0, 1);

        str = "{ [10] }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        aff = isl_aff_gist(aff, set);

        aff = isl_aff_add_constant_si(aff, -16);
        zero = isl_aff_plain_is_zero(aff);
        isl_aff_free(aff);

        if (zero < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!zero)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        aff = isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [-1] }");
        aff = isl_aff_scale_down_ui(aff, 64);
        aff = isl_aff_floor(aff);
        equal = aff_check_plain_equal(aff, "{ [-1] }");
        isl_aff_free(aff);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Check that "pa" consists of a single expression.
 */
static int check_single_piece(isl_ctx *ctx, __isl_take isl_pw_aff *pa)
{
        int n;

        n = isl_pw_aff_n_piece(pa);
        isl_pw_aff_free(pa);

        if (!pa)
                return -1;
        if (n != 1)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "expecting single expression",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the computation below results in a single expression.
 * One or two expressions may result depending on which constraint
 * ends up being considered as redundant with respect to the other
 * constraints after the projection that is performed internally
 * by isl_set_dim_min.
 */
static int test_dim_max_1(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_pw_aff *pa;

        str = "[n] -> { [a, b] : n >= 0 and 4a >= -4 + n and b >= 0 and "
                                "-4a <= b <= 3 and b < n - 4a }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pa = isl_set_dim_min(set, 0);
        return check_single_piece(ctx, pa);
}

/* Check that the computation below results in a single expression.
 * The PIP problem corresponding to these constraints has a row
 * that causes a split of the solution domain.  The solver should
 * first pick rows that split off empty parts such that the actual
 * solution domain does not get split.
 * Note that the description contains some redundant constraints.
 * If these constraints get removed first, then the row mentioned
 * above does not appear in the PIP problem.
 */
static int test_dim_max_2(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_pw_aff *pa;

        str = "[P, N] -> { [a] : a < N and a >= 0 and N > P and a <= P and "
                                "N > 0 and P >= 0 }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pa = isl_set_dim_max(set, 0);
        return check_single_piece(ctx, pa);
}

int test_dim_max(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int equal;
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set1, *set2;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_map *map;
        isl_pw_aff *pwaff;

        if (test_dim_max_1(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_dim_max_2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "[N] -> { [i] : 0 <= i <= min(N,10) }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwaff = isl_set_dim_max(set, 0);
        set1 = isl_set_from_pw_aff(pwaff);
        str = "[N] -> { [10] : N >= 10; [N] : N <= 9 and N >= 0 }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
        isl_set_free(set1);
        isl_set_free(set2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        str = "[N] -> { [i] : 0 <= i <= max(2N,N+6) }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwaff = isl_set_dim_max(set, 0);
        set1 = isl_set_from_pw_aff(pwaff);
        str = "[N] -> { [6 + N] : -6 <= N <= 5; [2N] : N >= 6 }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
        isl_set_free(set1);
        isl_set_free(set2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        str = "[N] -> { [i] : 0 <= i <= 2N or 0 <= i <= N+6 }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwaff = isl_set_dim_max(set, 0);
        set1 = isl_set_from_pw_aff(pwaff);
        str = "[N] -> { [6 + N] : -6 <= N <= 5; [2N] : N >= 6 }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
        isl_set_free(set1);
        isl_set_free(set2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        str = "[N,M] -> { [i,j] -> [([i/16]), i%16, ([j/16]), j%16] : "
                        "0 <= i < N and 0 <= j < M }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_map_range(map);

        pwaff = isl_set_dim_max(isl_set_copy(set), 0);
        set1 = isl_set_from_pw_aff(pwaff);
        str = "[N,M] -> { [([(N-1)/16])] : M,N > 0 }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
        isl_set_free(set1);
        isl_set_free(set2);

        pwaff = isl_set_dim_max(isl_set_copy(set), 3);
        set1 = isl_set_from_pw_aff(pwaff);
        str = "[N,M] -> { [t] : t = min(M-1,15) and M,N > 0 }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        if (equal >= 0 && equal)
                equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
        isl_set_free(set1);
        isl_set_free(set2);

        isl_set_free(set);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        /* Check that solutions are properly merged. */
        str = "[n] -> { [a, b, c] : c >= -4a - 2b and "
                                "c <= -1 + n - 4a - 2b and c >= -2b and "
                                "4a >= -4 + n and c >= 0 }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwaff = isl_set_dim_min(set, 2);
        set1 = isl_set_from_pw_aff(pwaff);
        str = "[n] -> { [(0)] : n >= 1 }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
        isl_set_free(set1);
        isl_set_free(set2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        /* Check that empty solution lie in the right space. */
        str = "[n] -> { [t,a] : 1 = 0 }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pwaff = isl_set_dim_max(set, 0);
        set1 = isl_set_from_pw_aff(pwaff);
        str = "[n] -> { [t] : 1 = 0 }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
        isl_set_free(set1);
        isl_set_free(set2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Is "pma" obviously equal to the isl_pw_multi_aff represented by "str"?
 */
static int pw_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(__isl_keep isl_pw_multi_aff *pma,
        const char *str)
{
        isl_ctx *ctx;
        isl_pw_multi_aff *pma2;
        int equal;

        if (!pma)
                return -1;

        ctx = isl_pw_multi_aff_get_ctx(pma);
        pma2 = isl_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_pw_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(pma, pma2);
        isl_pw_multi_aff_free(pma2);

        return equal;
}

/* Check that "pma" is obviously equal to the isl_pw_multi_aff
 * represented by "str".
 */
static int pw_multi_aff_check_plain_equal(__isl_keep isl_pw_multi_aff *pma,
        const char *str)
{
        int equal;

        equal = pw_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(pma, str);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(isl_pw_multi_aff_get_ctx(pma), isl_error_unknown,
                        "result not as expected", return -1);
        return 0;
}

/* Basic test for isl_pw_multi_aff_product.
 *
 * Check that multiple pieces are properly handled.
 */
static int test_product_pma(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int equal;
        const char *str;
        isl_pw_multi_aff *pma1, *pma2;

        str = "{ A[i] -> B[1] : i < 0; A[i] -> B[2] : i >= 0 }";
        pma1 = isl_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ C[] -> D[] }";
        pma2 = isl_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pma1 = isl_pw_multi_aff_product(pma1, pma2);
        str = "{ [A[i] -> C[]] -> [B[(1)] -> D[]] : i < 0;"
                "[A[i] -> C[]] -> [B[(2)] -> D[]] : i >= 0 }";
        equal = pw_multi_aff_check_plain_equal(pma1, str);
        isl_pw_multi_aff_free(pma1);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

int test_product(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_union_set *uset1, *uset2;
        int ok;

        str = "{ A[i] }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_product(set, isl_set_copy(set));
        ok = isl_set_is_wrapping(set);
        isl_set_free(set);
        if (ok < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!ok)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        str = "{ [] }";
        uset1 = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        uset1 = isl_union_set_product(uset1, isl_union_set_copy(uset1));
        str = "{ [[] -> []] }";
        uset2 = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        ok = isl_union_set_is_equal(uset1, uset2);
        isl_union_set_free(uset1);
        isl_union_set_free(uset2);
        if (ok < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!ok)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        if (test_product_pma(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Check that two sets are not considered disjoint just because
 * they have a different set of (named) parameters.
 */
static int test_disjoint(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set, *set2;
        int disjoint;

        str = "[n] -> { [[]->[]] }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [[]->[]] }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        disjoint = isl_set_is_disjoint(set, set2);
        isl_set_free(set);
        isl_set_free(set2);
        if (disjoint < 0)
                return -1;
        if (disjoint)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Inputs for isl_pw_multi_aff_is_equal tests.
 * "f1" and "f2" are the two function that need to be compared.
 * "equal" is the expected result.
 */
struct {
        int equal;
        const char *f1;
        const char *f2;
} pma_equal_tests[] = {
        { 1, "[N] -> { [floor(N/2)] : 0 <= N <= 1 }",
             "[N] -> { [0] : 0 <= N <= 1 }" },
        { 1, "[N] -> { [floor(N/2)] : 0 <= N <= 2 }",
             "[N] -> { [0] : 0 <= N <= 1; [1] : N = 2 }" },
        { 0, "[N] -> { [floor(N/2)] : 0 <= N <= 2 }",
             "[N] -> { [0] : 0 <= N <= 1 }" },
        { 0, "{ [NaN] }", "{ [NaN] }" },
};

int test_equal(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set, *set2;
        int equal;

        str = "{ S_6[i] }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ S_7[i] }";
        set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        equal = isl_set_is_equal(set, set2);
        isl_set_free(set);
        isl_set_free(set2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pma_equal_tests); ++i) {
                int expected = pma_equal_tests[i].equal;
                isl_pw_multi_aff *f1, *f2;

                f1 = isl_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, pma_equal_tests[i].f1);
                f2 = isl_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, pma_equal_tests[i].f2);
                equal = isl_pw_multi_aff_is_equal(f1, f2);
                isl_pw_multi_aff_free(f1);
                isl_pw_multi_aff_free(f2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (equal != expected)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected equality result", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int test_plain_fixed(isl_ctx *ctx, __isl_take isl_map *map,
        enum isl_dim_type type, unsigned pos, int fixed)
{
        isl_bool test;

        test = isl_map_plain_is_fixed(map, type, pos, NULL);
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (test < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test == fixed)
                return 0;
        if (fixed)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "map not detected as fixed", return -1);
        else
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "map detected as fixed", return -1);
}

int test_fixed(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_map *map;

        str = "{ [i] -> [i] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        if (test_plain_fixed(ctx, map, isl_dim_out, 0, 0))
                return -1;
        str = "{ [i] -> [1] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        if (test_plain_fixed(ctx, map, isl_dim_out, 0, 1))
                return -1;
        str = "{ S_1[p1] -> [o0] : o0 = -2 and p1 >= 1 and p1 <= 7 }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        if (test_plain_fixed(ctx, map, isl_dim_out, 0, 1))
                return -1;
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_neg(map);
        if (test_plain_fixed(ctx, map, isl_dim_out, 0, 1))
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

struct isl_vertices_test_data {
        const char *set;
        int n;
        const char *vertex[6];
} vertices_tests[] = {
        { "{ A[t, i] : t = 12 and i >= 4 and i <= 12 }",
          2, { "{ A[12, 4] }", "{ A[12, 12] }" } },
        { "{ A[t, i] : t = 14 and i = 1 }",
          1, { "{ A[14, 1] }" } },
        { "[n, m] -> { [a, b, c] : b <= a and a <= n and b > 0 and c >= b and "
                                "c <= m and m <= n and m > 0 }",
          6, {
                "[n, m] -> { [n, m, m] : 0 < m <= n }",
                "[n, m] -> { [n, 1, m] : 0 < m <= n }",
                "[n, m] -> { [n, 1, 1] : 0 < m <= n }",
                "[n, m] -> { [m, m, m] : 0 < m <= n }",
                "[n, m] -> { [1, 1, m] : 0 < m <= n }",
                "[n, m] -> { [1, 1, 1] : 0 < m <= n }"
            } },
};

/* Check that "vertex" corresponds to one of the vertices in data->vertex.
 */
static isl_stat find_vertex(__isl_take isl_vertex *vertex, void *user)
{
        struct isl_vertices_test_data *data = user;
        isl_ctx *ctx;
        isl_multi_aff *ma;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_pw_multi_aff *pma;
        int i;
        isl_bool equal;

        ctx = isl_vertex_get_ctx(vertex);
        bset = isl_vertex_get_domain(vertex);
        ma = isl_vertex_get_expr(vertex);
        pma = isl_pw_multi_aff_alloc(isl_set_from_basic_set(bset), ma);

        for (i = 0; i < data->n; ++i) {
                isl_pw_multi_aff *pma_i;

                pma_i = isl_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, data->vertex[i]);
                equal = isl_pw_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(pma, pma_i);
                isl_pw_multi_aff_free(pma_i);

                if (equal < 0 || equal)
                        break;
        }

        isl_pw_multi_aff_free(pma);
        isl_vertex_free(vertex);

        if (equal < 0)
                return isl_stat_error;

        return equal ? isl_stat_ok : isl_stat_error;
}

int test_vertices(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vertices_tests); ++i) {
                isl_basic_set *bset;
                isl_vertices *vertices;
                int ok = 1;
                int n;

                bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, vertices_tests[i].set);
                vertices = isl_basic_set_compute_vertices(bset);
                n = isl_vertices_get_n_vertices(vertices);
                if (vertices_tests[i].n != n)
                        ok = 0;
                if (isl_vertices_foreach_vertex(vertices, &find_vertex,
                                                &vertices_tests[i]) < 0)
                        ok = 0;
                isl_vertices_free(vertices);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset);

                if (!vertices)
                        return -1;
                if (!ok)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected vertices",
                                return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

int test_union_pw(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int equal;
        const char *str;
        isl_union_set *uset;
        isl_union_pw_qpolynomial *upwqp1, *upwqp2;

        str = "{ [x] -> x^2 }";
        upwqp1 = isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        upwqp2 = isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_copy(upwqp1);
        uset = isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_domain(upwqp1);
        upwqp1 = isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_copy(upwqp2);
        upwqp1 = isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_intersect_domain(upwqp1, uset);
        equal = isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_plain_is_equal(upwqp1, upwqp2);
        isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_free(upwqp1);
        isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_free(upwqp2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Test that isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_eval picks up the function
 * defined over the correct domain space.
 */
static int test_eval_1(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_point *pnt;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_union_pw_qpolynomial *upwqp;
        isl_val *v;
        int cmp;

        str = "{ A[x] -> x^2; B[x] -> -x^2 }";
        upwqp = isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ A[6] }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pnt = isl_set_sample_point(set);
        v = isl_union_pw_qpolynomial_eval(upwqp, pnt);
        cmp = isl_val_cmp_si(v, 36);
        isl_val_free(v);

        if (!v)
                return -1;
        if (cmp != 0)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected value", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that isl_qpolynomial_eval handles getting called on a void point.
 */
static int test_eval_2(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_point *pnt;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_qpolynomial *qp;
        isl_val *v;
        isl_bool ok;

        str = "{ A[x] -> [x] }";
        qp = isl_qpolynomial_from_aff(isl_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str));
        str = "{ A[x] : false }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        pnt = isl_set_sample_point(set);
        v = isl_qpolynomial_eval(qp, pnt);
        ok = isl_val_is_nan(v);
        isl_val_free(v);

        if (ok < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!ok)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "expecting NaN", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Perform basic polynomial evaluation tests.
 */
static int test_eval(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_eval_1(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_eval_2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

/* Descriptions of sets that are tested for reparsing after printing.
 */
const char *output_tests[] = {
        "{ [1, y] : 0 <= y <= 1; [x, -x] : 0 <= x <= 1 }",
        "{ [x] : 1 = 0 }",
        "{ [x] : false }",
        "{ [x] : x mod 2 = 0 }",
        "{ [x] : x mod 2 = 1 }",
        "{ [x, y] : x mod 2 = 0 and 3*floor(y/2) < x }",
        "{ [y, x] : x mod 2 = 0 and 3*floor(y/2) < x }",
        "{ [x, y] : x mod 2 = 0 and 3*floor(y/2) = x + y }",
        "{ [y, x] : x mod 2 = 0 and 3*floor(y/2) = x + y }",
        "[n] -> { [y, x] : 2*((x + 2y) mod 3) = n }",
        "{ [x, y] : (2*floor(x/3) + 3*floor(y/4)) mod 5 = x }",
};

/* Check that printing a set and reparsing a set from the printed output
 * results in the same set.
 */
static int test_output_set(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        char *str;
        isl_set *set1, *set2;
        isl_bool equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(output_tests); ++i) {
                set1 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, output_tests[i]);
                str = isl_set_to_str(set1);
                set2 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                free(str);
                equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
                isl_set_free(set1);
                isl_set_free(set2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "parsed output not the same", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

int test_output(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        char *s;
        const char *str;
        isl_pw_aff *pa;
        isl_printer *p;
        int equal;

        if (test_output_set(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "[x] -> { [1] : x % 4 <= 2; [2] : x = 3 }";
        pa = isl_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        p = isl_printer_to_str(ctx);
        p = isl_printer_set_output_format(p, ISL_FORMAT_C);
        p = isl_printer_print_pw_aff(p, pa);
        s = isl_printer_get_str(p);
        isl_printer_free(p);
        isl_pw_aff_free(pa);
        if (!s)
                equal = -1;
        else
                equal = !strcmp(s, "4 * floord(x, 4) + 2 >= x ? 1 : 2");
        free(s);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "unexpected result", return -1);

        return 0;
}

int test_sample(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;
        int empty, subset;

        str = "{ [a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k] : "
            "3i >= 1073741823b - c - 1073741823e + f and c >= 0 and "
            "3i >= -1 + 3221225466b + c + d - 3221225466e - f and "
            "2e >= a - b and 3e <= 2a and 3k <= -a and f <= -1 + a and "
            "3i <= 4 - a + 4b + 2c - e - 2f and 3k <= -a + c - f and "
            "3h >= -2 + a and 3g >= -3 - a and 3k >= -2 - a and "
            "3i >= -2 - a - 2c + 3e + 2f and 3h <= a + c - f and "
            "3h >= a + 2147483646b + 2c - 2147483646e - 2f and "
            "3g <= -1 - a and 3i <= 1 + c + d - f and a <= 1073741823 and "
            "f >= 1 - a + 1073741822b + c + d - 1073741822e and "
            "3i >= 1 + 2b - 2c + e + 2f + 3g and "
            "1073741822f <= 1073741822 - a + 1073741821b + 1073741822c +"
                "d - 1073741821e and "
            "3j <= 3 - a + 3b and 3g <= -2 - 2b + c + d - e - f and "
            "3j >= 1 - a + b + 2e and "
            "3f >= -3 + a + 3221225462b + 3c + d - 3221225465e and "
            "3i <= 4 - a + 4b - e and "
            "f <= 1073741822 + 1073741822b - 1073741822e and 3h <= a and "
            "f >= 0 and 2e <= 4 - a + 5b - d and 2e <= a - b + d and "
            "c <= -1 + a and 3i >= -2 - a + 3e and "
            "1073741822e <= 1073741823 - a + 1073741822b + c and "
            "3g >= -4 + 3221225464b + 3c + d - 3221225467e - 3f and "
            "3i >= -1 + 3221225466b + 3c + d - 3221225466e - 3f and "
            "1073741823e >= 1 + 1073741823b - d and "
            "3i >= 1073741823b + c - 1073741823e - f and "
            "3i >= 1 + 2b + e + 3g }";
        bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        bset2 = isl_basic_set_sample(isl_basic_set_copy(bset1));
        empty = isl_basic_set_is_empty(bset2);
        subset = isl_basic_set_is_subset(bset2, bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
        if (empty < 0 || subset < 0)
                return -1;
        if (empty)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "point not found", return -1);
        if (!subset)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "bad point found", return -1);

        return 0;
}

int test_fixed_power(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_map *map;
        isl_val *exp;
        int equal;

        str = "{ [i] -> [i + 1] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        exp = isl_val_int_from_si(ctx, 23);
        map = isl_map_fixed_power_val(map, exp);
        equal = map_check_equal(map, "{ [i] -> [i + 23] }");
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

int test_slice(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_map *map;
        int equal;

        str = "{ [i] -> [j] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_equate(map, isl_dim_in, 0, isl_dim_out, 0);
        equal = map_check_equal(map, "{ [i] -> [i] }");
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [i] -> [j] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_equate(map, isl_dim_in, 0, isl_dim_in, 0);
        equal = map_check_equal(map, "{ [i] -> [j] }");
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [i] -> [j] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_oppose(map, isl_dim_in, 0, isl_dim_out, 0);
        equal = map_check_equal(map, "{ [i] -> [-i] }");
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [i] -> [j] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_oppose(map, isl_dim_in, 0, isl_dim_in, 0);
        equal = map_check_equal(map, "{ [0] -> [j] }");
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [i] -> [j] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_order_gt(map, isl_dim_in, 0, isl_dim_out, 0);
        equal = map_check_equal(map, "{ [i] -> [j] : i > j }");
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        str = "{ [i] -> [j] }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_order_gt(map, isl_dim_in, 0, isl_dim_in, 0);
        equal = map_check_equal(map, "{ [i] -> [j] : false }");
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

int test_eliminate(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_map *map;
        int equal;

        str = "{ [i] -> [j] : i = 2j }";
        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_map_eliminate(map, isl_dim_out, 0, 1);
        equal = map_check_equal(map, "{ [i] -> [j] : exists a : i = 2a }");
        isl_map_free(map);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Check that isl_set_dim_residue_class detects that the values of j
 * in the set below are all odd and that it does not detect any spurious
 * strides.
 */
static int test_residue_class(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_int m, r;
        isl_stat res;

        str = "{ [i,j] : j = 4 i + 1 and 0 <= i <= 100; "
                "[i,j] : j = 4 i + 3 and 500 <= i <= 600 }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        isl_int_init(m);
        isl_int_init(r);
        res = isl_set_dim_residue_class(set, 1, &m, &r);
        if (res >= 0 &&
            (isl_int_cmp_si(m, 2) != 0 || isl_int_cmp_si(r, 1) != 0))
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "incorrect residue class",
                        res = isl_stat_error);
        isl_int_clear(r);
        isl_int_clear(m);
        isl_set_free(set);

        return res;
}

int test_align_parameters(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_space *space;
        isl_multi_aff *ma1, *ma2;
        int equal;

        str = "{ A[B[] -> C[]] -> D[E[] -> F[]] }";
        ma1 = isl_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        space = isl_space_params_alloc(ctx, 1);
        space = isl_space_set_dim_name(space, isl_dim_param, 0, "N");
        ma1 = isl_multi_aff_align_params(ma1, space);

        str = "[N] -> { A[B[] -> C[]] -> D[E[] -> F[]] }";
        ma2 = isl_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        equal = isl_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(ma1, ma2);

        isl_multi_aff_free(ma1);
        isl_multi_aff_free(ma2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "result not as expected", return -1);

        return 0;
}

static int test_list(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_id *a, *b, *c, *d, *id;
        isl_id_list *list;
        int ok;

        a = isl_id_alloc(ctx, "a", NULL);
        b = isl_id_alloc(ctx, "b", NULL);
        c = isl_id_alloc(ctx, "c", NULL);
        d = isl_id_alloc(ctx, "d", NULL);

        list = isl_id_list_alloc(ctx, 4);
        list = isl_id_list_add(list, b);
        list = isl_id_list_insert(list, 0, a);
        list = isl_id_list_add(list, c);
        list = isl_id_list_add(list, d);
        list = isl_id_list_drop(list, 1, 1);

        if (!list)
                return -1;
        if (isl_id_list_n_id(list) != 3) {
                isl_id_list_free(list);
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected number of elements in list", return -1);
        }

        id = isl_id_list_get_id(list, 0);
        ok = id == a;
        isl_id_free(id);
        id = isl_id_list_get_id(list, 1);
        ok = ok && id == c;
        isl_id_free(id);
        id = isl_id_list_get_id(list, 2);
        ok = ok && id == d;
        isl_id_free(id);

        isl_id_list_free(list);

        if (!ok)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected elements in list", return -1);

        return 0;
}

const char *set_conversion_tests[] = {
        "[N] -> { [i] : N - 1 <= 2 i <= N }",
        "[N] -> { [i] : exists a : i = 4 a and N - 1 <= i <= N }",
        "[N] -> { [i,j] : exists a : i = 4 a and N - 1 <= i, 2j <= N }",
        "[N] -> { [[i]->[j]] : exists a : i = 4 a and N - 1 <= i, 2j <= N }",
        "[N] -> { [3*floor(N/2) + 5*floor(N/3)] }",
        "[a, b] -> { [c, d] : (4*floor((-a + c)/4) = -a + c and "
                        "32*floor((-b + d)/32) = -b + d and 5 <= c <= 8 and "
                        "-3 + c <= d <= 28 + c) }",
};

/* Check that converting from isl_set to isl_pw_multi_aff and back
 * to isl_set produces the original isl_set.
 */
static int test_set_conversion(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set1, *set2;
        isl_pw_multi_aff *pma;
        int equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(set_conversion_tests); ++i) {
                str = set_conversion_tests[i];
                set1 = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                pma = isl_pw_multi_aff_from_set(isl_set_copy(set1));
                set2 = isl_set_from_pw_multi_aff(pma);
                equal = isl_set_is_equal(set1, set2);
                isl_set_free(set1);
                isl_set_free(set2);

                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "bad conversion",
                                return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

const char *conversion_tests[] = {
        "{ [a, b, c, d] -> s0[a, b, e, f] : "
            "exists (e0 = [(a - 2c)/3], e1 = [(-4 + b - 5d)/9], "
            "e2 = [(-d + f)/9]: 3e0 = a - 2c and 9e1 = -4 + b - 5d and "
            "9e2 = -d + f and f >= 0 and f <= 8 and 9e >= -5 - 2a and "
            "9e <= -2 - 2a) }",
        "{ [a, b] -> [c] : exists (e0 = floor((-a - b + c)/5): "
            "5e0 = -a - b + c and c >= -a and c <= 4 - a) }",
        "{ [a, b] -> [c] : exists d : 18 * d = -3 - a + 2c and 1 <= c <= 3 }",
};

/* Check that converting from isl_map to isl_pw_multi_aff and back
 * to isl_map produces the original isl_map.
 */
static int test_map_conversion(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_map *map1, *map2;
        isl_pw_multi_aff *pma;
        int equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(conversion_tests); ++i) {
                map1 = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, conversion_tests[i]);
                pma = isl_pw_multi_aff_from_map(isl_map_copy(map1));
                map2 = isl_map_from_pw_multi_aff(pma);
                equal = isl_map_is_equal(map1, map2);
                isl_map_free(map1);
                isl_map_free(map2);

                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "bad conversion",
                                return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int test_conversion(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_set_conversion(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_map_conversion(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

/* Check that isl_basic_map_curry does not modify input.
 */
static int test_curry(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_map *bmap1, *bmap2;
        int equal;

        str = "{ [A[] -> B[]] -> C[] }";
        bmap1 = isl_basic_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        bmap2 = isl_basic_map_curry(isl_basic_map_copy(bmap1));
        equal = isl_basic_map_is_equal(bmap1, bmap2);
        isl_basic_map_free(bmap1);
        isl_basic_map_free(bmap2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "curried map should not be equal to original",
                        return -1);

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *set;
        const char *ma;
        const char *res;
} preimage_tests[] = {
        { "{ B[i,j] : 0 <= i < 10 and 0 <= j < 100 }",
          "{ A[j,i] -> B[i,j] }",
          "{ A[j,i] : 0 <= i < 10 and 0 <= j < 100 }" },
        { "{ rat: B[i,j] : 0 <= i, j and 3 i + 5 j <= 100 }",
          "{ A[a,b] -> B[a/2,b/6] }",
          "{ rat: A[a,b] : 0 <= a, b and 9 a + 5 b <= 600 }" },
        { "{ B[i,j] : 0 <= i, j and 3 i + 5 j <= 100 }",
          "{ A[a,b] -> B[a/2,b/6] }",
          "{ A[a,b] : 0 <= a, b and 9 a + 5 b <= 600 and "
                    "exists i,j : a = 2 i and b = 6 j }" },
        { "[n] -> { S[i] : 0 <= i <= 100 }", "[n] -> { S[n] }",
          "[n] -> { : 0 <= n <= 100 }" },
        { "{ B[i] : 0 <= i < 100 and exists a : i = 4 a }",
          "{ A[a] -> B[2a] }",
          "{ A[a] : 0 <= a < 50 and exists b : a = 2 b }" },
        { "{ B[i] : 0 <= i < 100 and exists a : i = 4 a }",
          "{ A[a] -> B[([a/2])] }",
          "{ A[a] : 0 <= a < 200 and exists b : [a/2] = 4 b }" },
        { "{ B[i,j,k] : 0 <= i,j,k <= 100 }",
          "{ A[a] -> B[a,a,a/3] }",
          "{ A[a] : 0 <= a <= 100 and exists b : a = 3 b }" },
        { "{ B[i,j] : j = [(i)/2] } ", "{ A[i,j] -> B[i/3,j] }",
          "{ A[i,j] : j = [(i)/6] and exists a : i = 3 a }" },
};

static int test_preimage_basic_set(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;
        isl_multi_aff *ma;
        int equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(preimage_tests); ++i) {
                bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, preimage_tests[i].set);
                ma = isl_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, preimage_tests[i].ma);
                bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, preimage_tests[i].res);
                bset1 = isl_basic_set_preimage_multi_aff(bset1, ma);
                equal = isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "bad preimage",
                                return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *map;
        const char *ma;
        const char *res;
} preimage_domain_tests[] = {
        { "{ B[i,j] -> C[2i + 3j] : 0 <= i < 10 and 0 <= j < 100 }",
          "{ A[j,i] -> B[i,j] }",
          "{ A[j,i] -> C[2i + 3j] : 0 <= i < 10 and 0 <= j < 100 }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[i]; D[i] -> E[i] }",
          "{ A[i] -> B[i + 1] }",
          "{ A[i] -> C[i + 1] }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[i]; B[i] -> E[i] }",
          "{ A[i] -> B[i + 1] }",
          "{ A[i] -> C[i + 1]; A[i] -> E[i + 1] }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[([i/2])] }",
          "{ A[i] -> B[2i] }",
          "{ A[i] -> C[i] }" },
        { "{ B[i,j] -> C[([i/2]), ([(i+j)/3])] }",
          "{ A[i] -> B[([i/5]), ([i/7])] }",
          "{ A[i] -> C[([([i/5])/2]), ([(([i/5])+([i/7]))/3])] }" },
        { "[N] -> { B[i] -> C[([N/2]), i, ([N/3])] }",
          "[N] -> { A[] -> B[([N/5])] }",
          "[N] -> { A[] -> C[([N/2]), ([N/5]), ([N/3])] }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[i] : exists a : i = 5 a }",
          "{ A[i] -> B[2i] }",
          "{ A[i] -> C[2i] : exists a : 2i = 5 a }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[i] : exists a : i = 2 a; "
            "B[i] -> D[i] : exists a : i = 2 a + 1 }",
          "{ A[i] -> B[2i] }",
          "{ A[i] -> C[2i] }" },
        { "{ A[i] -> B[i] }", "{ C[i] -> A[(i + floor(i/3))/2] }",
          "{ C[i] -> B[j] : 2j = i + floor(i/3) }" },
};

static int test_preimage_union_map(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_union_map *umap1, *umap2;
        isl_multi_aff *ma;
        int equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(preimage_domain_tests); ++i) {
                umap1 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                preimage_domain_tests[i].map);
                ma = isl_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                preimage_domain_tests[i].ma);
                umap2 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx,
                                                preimage_domain_tests[i].res);
                umap1 = isl_union_map_preimage_domain_multi_aff(umap1, ma);
                equal = isl_union_map_is_equal(umap1, umap2);
                isl_union_map_free(umap1);
                isl_union_map_free(umap2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "bad preimage",
                                return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

static int test_preimage(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_preimage_basic_set(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_preimage_union_map(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *ma1;
        const char *ma;
        const char *res;
} pullback_tests[] = {
        { "{ B[i,j] -> C[i + 2j] }" , "{ A[a,b] -> B[b,a] }",
          "{ A[a,b] -> C[b + 2a] }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[2i] }", "{ A[a] -> B[(a)/2] }", "{ A[a] -> C[a] }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[(i)/2] }", "{ A[a] -> B[2a] }", "{ A[a] -> C[a] }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[(i)/2] }", "{ A[a] -> B[(a)/3] }",
          "{ A[a] -> C[(a)/6] }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[2i] }", "{ A[a] -> B[5a] }", "{ A[a] -> C[10a] }" },
        { "{ B[i] -> C[2i] }", "{ A[a] -> B[(a)/3] }",
          "{ A[a] -> C[(2a)/3] }" },
        { "{ B[i,j] -> C[i + j] }", "{ A[a] -> B[a,a] }", "{ A[a] -> C[2a] }"},
        { "{ B[a] -> C[a,a] }", "{ A[i,j] -> B[i + j] }",
          "{ A[i,j] -> C[i + j, i + j] }"},
        { "{ B[i] -> C[([i/2])] }", "{ B[5] }", "{ C[2] }" },
        { "[n] -> { B[i,j] -> C[([i/2]) + 2j] }",
          "[n] -> { B[n,[n/3]] }", "[n] -> { C[([n/2]) + 2*[n/3]] }", },
        { "{ [i, j] -> [floor((i)/4) + floor((2*i+j)/5)] }",
          "{ [i, j] -> [floor((i)/3), j] }",
          "{ [i, j] -> [(floor((i)/12) + floor((j + 2*floor((i)/3))/5))] }" },
};

static int test_pullback(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        isl_multi_aff *ma1, *ma2;
        isl_multi_aff *ma;
        int equal;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pullback_tests); ++i) {
                ma1 = isl_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, pullback_tests[i].ma1);
                ma = isl_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, pullback_tests[i].ma);
                ma2 = isl_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, pullback_tests[i].res);
                ma1 = isl_multi_aff_pullback_multi_aff(ma1, ma);
                equal = isl_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(ma1, ma2);
                isl_multi_aff_free(ma1);
                isl_multi_aff_free(ma2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown, "bad pullback",
                                return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

/* Check that negation is printed correctly and that equal expressions
 * are correctly identified.
 */
static int test_ast(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_ast_expr *expr, *expr1, *expr2, *expr3;
        char *str;
        int ok, equal;

        expr1 = isl_ast_expr_from_id(isl_id_alloc(ctx, "A", NULL));
        expr2 = isl_ast_expr_from_id(isl_id_alloc(ctx, "B", NULL));
        expr = isl_ast_expr_add(expr1, expr2);
        expr2 = isl_ast_expr_copy(expr);
        expr = isl_ast_expr_neg(expr);
        expr2 = isl_ast_expr_neg(expr2);
        equal = isl_ast_expr_is_equal(expr, expr2);
        str = isl_ast_expr_to_C_str(expr);
        ok = str ? !strcmp(str, "-(A + B)") : -1;
        free(str);
        isl_ast_expr_free(expr);
        isl_ast_expr_free(expr2);

        if (ok < 0 || equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "equal expressions not considered equal", return -1);
        if (!ok)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "isl_ast_expr printed incorrectly", return -1);

        expr1 = isl_ast_expr_from_id(isl_id_alloc(ctx, "A", NULL));
        expr2 = isl_ast_expr_from_id(isl_id_alloc(ctx, "B", NULL));
        expr = isl_ast_expr_add(expr1, expr2);
        expr3 = isl_ast_expr_from_id(isl_id_alloc(ctx, "C", NULL));
        expr = isl_ast_expr_sub(expr3, expr);
        str = isl_ast_expr_to_C_str(expr);
        ok = str ? !strcmp(str, "C - (A + B)") : -1;
        free(str);
        isl_ast_expr_free(expr);

        if (ok < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!ok)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "isl_ast_expr printed incorrectly", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that isl_ast_build_expr_from_set returns a valid expression
 * for an empty set.  Note that isl_ast_build_expr_from_set getting
 * called on an empty set probably indicates a bug in the caller.
 */
static int test_ast_build(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_set *set;
        isl_ast_build *build;
        isl_ast_expr *expr;

        set = isl_set_universe(isl_space_params_alloc(ctx, 0));
        build = isl_ast_build_from_context(set);

        set = isl_set_empty(isl_space_params_alloc(ctx, 0));
        expr = isl_ast_build_expr_from_set(build, set);

        isl_ast_expr_free(expr);
        isl_ast_build_free(build);

        if (!expr)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Internal data structure for before_for and after_for callbacks.
 *
 * depth is the current depth
 * before is the number of times before_for has been called
 * after is the number of times after_for has been called
 */
struct isl_test_codegen_data {
        int depth;
        int before;
        int after;
};

/* This function is called before each for loop in the AST generated
 * from test_ast_gen1.
 *
 * Increment the number of calls and the depth.
 * Check that the space returned by isl_ast_build_get_schedule_space
 * matches the target space of the schedule returned by
 * isl_ast_build_get_schedule.
 * Return an isl_id that is checked by the corresponding call
 * to after_for.
 */
static __isl_give isl_id *before_for(__isl_keep isl_ast_build *build,
        void *user)
{
        struct isl_test_codegen_data *data = user;
        isl_ctx *ctx;
        isl_space *space;
        isl_union_map *schedule;
        isl_union_set *uset;
        isl_set *set;
        int empty;
        char name[] = "d0";

        ctx = isl_ast_build_get_ctx(build);

        if (data->before >= 3)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected number of for nodes", return NULL);
        if (data->depth >= 2)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected depth", return NULL);

        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "d%d", data->depth);
        data->before++;
        data->depth++;

        schedule = isl_ast_build_get_schedule(build);
        uset = isl_union_map_range(schedule);
        if (!uset)
                return NULL;
        if (isl_union_set_n_set(uset) != 1) {
                isl_union_set_free(uset);
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expecting single range space", return NULL);
        }

        space = isl_ast_build_get_schedule_space(build);
        set = isl_union_set_extract_set(uset, space);
        isl_union_set_free(uset);
        empty = isl_set_is_empty(set);
        isl_set_free(set);

        if (empty < 0)
                return NULL;
        if (empty)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "spaces don't match", return NULL);

        return isl_id_alloc(ctx, name, NULL);
}

/* This function is called after each for loop in the AST generated
 * from test_ast_gen1.
 *
 * Increment the number of calls and decrement the depth.
 * Check that the annotation attached to the node matches
 * the isl_id returned by the corresponding call to before_for.
 */
static __isl_give isl_ast_node *after_for(__isl_take isl_ast_node *node,
        __isl_keep isl_ast_build *build, void *user)
{
        struct isl_test_codegen_data *data = user;
        isl_id *id;
        const char *name;
        int valid;

        data->after++;
        data->depth--;

        if (data->after > data->before)
                isl_die(isl_ast_node_get_ctx(node), isl_error_unknown,
                        "mismatch in number of for nodes",
                        return isl_ast_node_free(node));

        id = isl_ast_node_get_annotation(node);
        if (!id)
                isl_die(isl_ast_node_get_ctx(node), isl_error_unknown,
                        "missing annotation", return isl_ast_node_free(node));

        name = isl_id_get_name(id);
        valid = name && atoi(name + 1) == data->depth;
        isl_id_free(id);

        if (!valid)
                isl_die(isl_ast_node_get_ctx(node), isl_error_unknown,
                        "wrong annotation", return isl_ast_node_free(node));

        return node;
}

/* Check that the before_each_for and after_each_for callbacks
 * are called for each for loop in the generated code,
 * that they are called in the right order and that the isl_id
 * returned from the before_each_for callback is attached to
 * the isl_ast_node passed to the corresponding after_each_for call.
 */
static int test_ast_gen1(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_union_map *schedule;
        isl_ast_build *build;
        isl_ast_node *tree;
        struct isl_test_codegen_data data;

        str = "[N] -> { : N >= 10 }";
        set = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "[N] -> { A[i,j] -> S[8,i,3,j] : 0 <= i,j <= N; "
                    "B[i,j] -> S[8,j,9,i] : 0 <= i,j <= N }";
        schedule = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        data.before = 0;
        data.after = 0;
        data.depth = 0;
        build = isl_ast_build_from_context(set);
        build = isl_ast_build_set_before_each_for(build,
                        &before_for, &data);
        build = isl_ast_build_set_after_each_for(build,
                        &after_for, &data);
        tree = isl_ast_build_node_from_schedule_map(build, schedule);
        isl_ast_build_free(build);
        if (!tree)
                return -1;

        isl_ast_node_free(tree);

        if (data.before != 3 || data.after != 3)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected number of for nodes", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the AST generator handles domains that are integrally disjoint
 * but not rationally disjoint.
 */
static int test_ast_gen2(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_union_map *schedule;
        isl_union_map *options;
        isl_ast_build *build;
        isl_ast_node *tree;

        str = "{ A[i,j] -> [i,j] : 0 <= i,j <= 1 }";
        schedule = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_universe(isl_space_params_alloc(ctx, 0));
        build = isl_ast_build_from_context(set);

        str = "{ [i,j] -> atomic[1] : i + j = 1; [i,j] -> unroll[1] : i = j }";
        options = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        build = isl_ast_build_set_options(build, options);
        tree = isl_ast_build_node_from_schedule_map(build, schedule);
        isl_ast_build_free(build);
        if (!tree)
                return -1;
        isl_ast_node_free(tree);

        return 0;
}

/* Increment *user on each call.
 */
static __isl_give isl_ast_node *count_domains(__isl_take isl_ast_node *node,
        __isl_keep isl_ast_build *build, void *user)
{
        int *n = user;

        (*n)++;

        return node;
}

/* Test that unrolling tries to minimize the number of instances.
 * In particular, for the schedule given below, make sure it generates
 * 3 nodes (rather than 101).
 */
static int test_ast_gen3(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_union_map *schedule;
        isl_union_map *options;
        isl_ast_build *build;
        isl_ast_node *tree;
        int n_domain = 0;

        str = "[n] -> { A[i] -> [i] : 0 <= i <= 100 and n <= i <= n + 2 }";
        schedule = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_universe(isl_space_params_alloc(ctx, 0));

        str = "{ [i] -> unroll[0] }";
        options = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        build = isl_ast_build_from_context(set);
        build = isl_ast_build_set_options(build, options);
        build = isl_ast_build_set_at_each_domain(build,
                        &count_domains, &n_domain);
        tree = isl_ast_build_node_from_schedule_map(build, schedule);
        isl_ast_build_free(build);
        if (!tree)
                return -1;

        isl_ast_node_free(tree);

        if (n_domain != 3)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected number of for nodes", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that if the ast_build_exploit_nested_bounds options is set,
 * we do not get an outer if node in the generated AST,
 * while we do get such an outer if node if the options is not set.
 */
static int test_ast_gen4(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_union_map *schedule;
        isl_ast_build *build;
        isl_ast_node *tree;
        enum isl_ast_node_type type;
        int enb;

        enb = isl_options_get_ast_build_exploit_nested_bounds(ctx);
        str = "[N,M] -> { A[i,j] -> [i,j] : 0 <= i <= N and 0 <= j <= M }";

        isl_options_set_ast_build_exploit_nested_bounds(ctx, 1);

        schedule = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_universe(isl_space_params_alloc(ctx, 0));
        build = isl_ast_build_from_context(set);
        tree = isl_ast_build_node_from_schedule_map(build, schedule);
        isl_ast_build_free(build);
        if (!tree)
                return -1;

        type = isl_ast_node_get_type(tree);
        isl_ast_node_free(tree);

        if (type == isl_ast_node_if)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "not expecting if node", return -1);

        isl_options_set_ast_build_exploit_nested_bounds(ctx, 0);

        schedule = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_set_universe(isl_space_params_alloc(ctx, 0));
        build = isl_ast_build_from_context(set);
        tree = isl_ast_build_node_from_schedule_map(build, schedule);
        isl_ast_build_free(build);
        if (!tree)
                return -1;

        type = isl_ast_node_get_type(tree);
        isl_ast_node_free(tree);

        if (type != isl_ast_node_if)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expecting if node", return -1);

        isl_options_set_ast_build_exploit_nested_bounds(ctx, enb);

        return 0;
}

/* This function is called for each leaf in the AST generated
 * from test_ast_gen5.
 *
 * We finalize the AST generation by extending the outer schedule
 * with a zero-dimensional schedule.  If this results in any for loops,
 * then this means that we did not pass along enough information
 * about the outer schedule to the inner AST generation.
 */
static __isl_give isl_ast_node *create_leaf(__isl_take isl_ast_build *build,
        void *user)
{
        isl_union_map *schedule, *extra;
        isl_ast_node *tree;

        schedule = isl_ast_build_get_schedule(build);
        extra = isl_union_map_copy(schedule);
        extra = isl_union_map_from_domain(isl_union_map_domain(extra));
        schedule = isl_union_map_range_product(schedule, extra);
        tree = isl_ast_build_node_from_schedule_map(build, schedule);
        isl_ast_build_free(build);

        if (!tree)
                return NULL;

        if (isl_ast_node_get_type(tree) == isl_ast_node_for)
                isl_die(isl_ast_node_get_ctx(tree), isl_error_unknown,
                        "code should not contain any for loop",
                        return isl_ast_node_free(tree));

        return tree;
}

/* Check that we do not lose any information when going back and
 * forth between internal and external schedule.
 *
 * In particular, we create an AST where we unroll the only
 * non-constant dimension in the schedule.  We therefore do
 * not expect any for loops in the AST.  However, older versions
 * of isl would not pass along enough information about the outer
 * schedule when performing an inner code generation from a create_leaf
 * callback, resulting in the inner code generation producing a for loop.
 */
static int test_ast_gen5(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *set;
        isl_union_map *schedule, *options;
        isl_ast_build *build;
        isl_ast_node *tree;

        str = "{ A[] -> [1, 1, 2]; B[i] -> [1, i, 0] : i >= 1 and i <= 2 }";
        schedule = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        str = "{ [a, b, c] -> unroll[1] : exists (e0 = [(a)/4]: "
                                "4e0 >= -1 + a - b and 4e0 <= -2 + a + b) }";
        options = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        set = isl_set_universe(isl_space_params_alloc(ctx, 0));
        build = isl_ast_build_from_context(set);
        build = isl_ast_build_set_options(build, options);
        build = isl_ast_build_set_create_leaf(build, &create_leaf, NULL);
        tree = isl_ast_build_node_from_schedule_map(build, schedule);
        isl_ast_build_free(build);
        isl_ast_node_free(tree);
        if (!tree)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the expression
 *
 *      [n] -> { [n/2] : n <= 0 and n % 2 = 0; [0] : n > 0 }
 *
 * is not combined into
 *
 *      min(n/2, 0)
 *
 * as this would result in n/2 being evaluated in parts of
 * the definition domain where n is not a multiple of 2.
 */
static int test_ast_expr(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_pw_aff *pa;
        isl_ast_build *build;
        isl_ast_expr *expr;
        int min_max;
        int is_min;

        min_max = isl_options_get_ast_build_detect_min_max(ctx);
        isl_options_set_ast_build_detect_min_max(ctx, 1);

        str = "[n] -> { [n/2] : n <= 0 and n % 2 = 0; [0] : n > 0 }";
        pa = isl_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        build = isl_ast_build_alloc(ctx);
        expr = isl_ast_build_expr_from_pw_aff(build, pa);
        is_min = isl_ast_expr_get_type(expr) == isl_ast_expr_op &&
                 isl_ast_expr_get_op_type(expr) == isl_ast_op_min;
        isl_ast_build_free(build);
        isl_ast_expr_free(expr);

        isl_options_set_ast_build_detect_min_max(ctx, min_max);

        if (!expr)
                return -1;
        if (is_min)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expressions should not be combined", return -1);

        return 0;
}

static int test_ast_gen(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_ast_gen1(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_ast_gen2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_ast_gen3(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_ast_gen4(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_ast_gen5(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_ast_expr(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

/* Check if dropping output dimensions from an isl_pw_multi_aff
 * works properly.
 */
static int test_pw_multi_aff(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_pw_multi_aff *pma1, *pma2;
        int equal;

        str = "{ [i,j] -> [i+j, 4i-j] }";
        pma1 = isl_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [i,j] -> [4i-j] }";
        pma2 = isl_pw_multi_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        pma1 = isl_pw_multi_aff_drop_dims(pma1, isl_dim_out, 0, 1);

        equal = isl_pw_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(pma1, pma2);

        isl_pw_multi_aff_free(pma1);
        isl_pw_multi_aff_free(pma2);
        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expressions not equal", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that we can properly parse multi piecewise affine expressions
 * where the piecewise affine expressions have different domains.
 */
static int test_multi_pw_aff(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_set *dom, *dom2;
        isl_multi_pw_aff *mpa1, *mpa2;
        isl_pw_aff *pa;
        int equal;
        int equal_domain;

        mpa1 = isl_multi_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [i] -> [i] }");
        dom = isl_set_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [i] : i > 0 }");
        mpa1 = isl_multi_pw_aff_intersect_domain(mpa1, dom);
        mpa2 = isl_multi_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, "{ [i] -> [2i] }");
        mpa2 = isl_multi_pw_aff_flat_range_product(mpa1, mpa2);
        str = "{ [i] -> [(i : i > 0), 2i] }";
        mpa1 = isl_multi_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        equal = isl_multi_pw_aff_plain_is_equal(mpa1, mpa2);

        pa = isl_multi_pw_aff_get_pw_aff(mpa1, 0);
        dom = isl_pw_aff_domain(pa);
        pa = isl_multi_pw_aff_get_pw_aff(mpa1, 1);
        dom2 = isl_pw_aff_domain(pa);
        equal_domain = isl_set_is_equal(dom, dom2);

        isl_set_free(dom);
        isl_set_free(dom2);
        isl_multi_pw_aff_free(mpa1);
        isl_multi_pw_aff_free(mpa2);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expressions not equal", return -1);

        if (equal_domain < 0)
                return -1;
        if (equal_domain)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "domains unexpectedly equal", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* This is a regression test for a bug where isl_basic_map_simplify
 * would end up in an infinite loop.  In particular, we construct
 * an empty basic set that is not obviously empty.
 * isl_basic_set_is_empty marks the basic set as empty.
 * After projecting out i3, the variable can be dropped completely,
 * but isl_basic_map_simplify refrains from doing so if the basic set
 * is empty and would end up in an infinite loop if it didn't test
 * explicitly for empty basic maps in the outer loop.
 */
static int test_simplify_1(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        int empty;

        str = "{ [i0, i1, i2, i3] : i0 >= -2 and 6i2 <= 4 + i0 + 5i1 and "
                "i2 <= 22 and 75i2 <= 111 + 13i0 + 60i1 and "
                "25i2 >= 38 + 6i0 + 20i1 and i0 <= -1 and i2 >= 20 and "
                "i3 >= i2 }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        empty = isl_basic_set_is_empty(bset);
        bset = isl_basic_set_project_out(bset, isl_dim_set, 3, 1);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);
        if (!bset)
                return -1;
        if (!empty)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "basic set should be empty", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the equality in the set description below
 * is simplified away.
 */
static int test_simplify_2(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_bool universe;

        str = "{ [a] : exists e0, e1: 32e1 = 31 + 31a + 31e0 }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        universe = isl_basic_set_plain_is_universe(bset);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        if (universe < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!universe)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "equality not simplified away", return -1);
        return 0;
}

/* Some simplification tests.
 */
static int test_simplify(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_simplify_1(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_simplify_2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

/* This is a regression test for a bug where isl_tab_basic_map_partial_lexopt
 * with gbr context would fail to disable the use of the shifted tableau
 * when transferring equalities for the input to the context, resulting
 * in invalid sample values.
 */
static int test_partial_lexmin(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_basic_map *bmap;
        isl_map *map;

        str = "{ [1, b, c, 1 - c] -> [e] : 2e <= -c and 2e >= -3 + c }";
        bmap = isl_basic_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        str = "{ [a, b, c, d] : c <= 1 and 2d >= 6 - 4b - c }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        map = isl_basic_map_partial_lexmin(bmap, bset, NULL);
        isl_map_free(map);

        if (!map)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the variable compression performed on the existentially
 * quantified variables inside isl_basic_set_compute_divs is not confused
 * by the implicit equalities among the parameters.
 */
static int test_compute_divs(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *str;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_set *set;

        str = "[a, b, c, d, e] -> { [] : exists (e0: 2d = b and a <= 124 and "
                "b <= 2046 and b >= 0 and b <= 60 + 64a and 2e >= b + 2c and "
                "2e >= b and 2e <= 1 + b and 2e <= 1 + b + 2c and "
                "32768e0 >= -124 + a and 2097152e0 <= 60 + 64a - b) }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        set = isl_basic_set_compute_divs(bset);
        isl_set_free(set);
        if (!set)
                return -1;

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the reaching domain elements and the prefix schedule
 * at a leaf node are the same before and after grouping.
 */
static int test_schedule_tree_group_1(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int equal;
        const char *str;
        isl_id *id;
        isl_union_set *uset;
        isl_multi_union_pw_aff *mupa;
        isl_union_pw_multi_aff *upma1, *upma2;
        isl_union_set *domain1, *domain2;
        isl_union_map *umap1, *umap2;
        isl_schedule_node *node;

        str = "{ S1[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < 10; S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < 10 }";
        uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        node = isl_schedule_node_from_domain(uset);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        str = "[{ S1[i,j] -> [i]; S2[i,j] -> [9 - i] }]";
        mupa = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        node = isl_schedule_node_insert_partial_schedule(node, mupa);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        str = "[{ S1[i,j] -> [j]; S2[i,j] -> [j] }]";
        mupa = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        node = isl_schedule_node_insert_partial_schedule(node, mupa);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        umap1 = isl_schedule_node_get_prefix_schedule_union_map(node);
        upma1 = isl_schedule_node_get_prefix_schedule_union_pw_multi_aff(node);
        domain1 = isl_schedule_node_get_domain(node);
        id = isl_id_alloc(ctx, "group", NULL);
        node = isl_schedule_node_parent(node);
        node = isl_schedule_node_group(node, id);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        umap2 = isl_schedule_node_get_prefix_schedule_union_map(node);
        upma2 = isl_schedule_node_get_prefix_schedule_union_pw_multi_aff(node);
        domain2 = isl_schedule_node_get_domain(node);
        equal = isl_union_pw_multi_aff_plain_is_equal(upma1, upma2);
        if (equal >= 0 && equal)
                equal = isl_union_set_is_equal(domain1, domain2);
        if (equal >= 0 && equal)
                equal = isl_union_map_is_equal(umap1, umap2);
        isl_union_map_free(umap1);
        isl_union_map_free(umap2);
        isl_union_set_free(domain1);
        isl_union_set_free(domain2);
        isl_union_pw_multi_aff_free(upma1);
        isl_union_pw_multi_aff_free(upma2);
        isl_schedule_node_free(node);

        if (equal < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expressions not equal", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that we can have nested groupings and that the union map
 * schedule representation is the same before and after the grouping.
 * Note that after the grouping, the union map representation contains
 * the domain constraints from the ranges of the expansion nodes,
 * while they are missing from the union map representation of
 * the tree without expansion nodes.
 *
 * Also check that the global expansion is as expected.
 */
static int test_schedule_tree_group_2(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int equal, equal_expansion;
        const char *str;
        isl_id *id;
        isl_union_set *uset;
        isl_union_map *umap1, *umap2;
        isl_union_map *expansion1, *expansion2;
        isl_union_set_list *filters;
        isl_multi_union_pw_aff *mupa;
        isl_schedule *schedule;
        isl_schedule_node *node;

        str = "{ S1[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < 10; S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < 10; "
                "S3[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < 10 }";
        uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        node = isl_schedule_node_from_domain(uset);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        str = "[{ S1[i,j] -> [i]; S2[i,j] -> [i]; S3[i,j] -> [i] }]";
        mupa = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        node = isl_schedule_node_insert_partial_schedule(node, mupa);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        str = "{ S1[i,j] }";
        uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        filters = isl_union_set_list_from_union_set(uset);
        str = "{ S2[i,j]; S3[i,j] }";
        uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        filters = isl_union_set_list_add(filters, uset);
        node = isl_schedule_node_insert_sequence(node, filters);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 1);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        str = "{ S2[i,j] }";
        uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        filters = isl_union_set_list_from_union_set(uset);
        str = "{ S3[i,j] }";
        uset = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
        filters = isl_union_set_list_add(filters, uset);
        node = isl_schedule_node_insert_sequence(node, filters);

        schedule = isl_schedule_node_get_schedule(node);
        umap1 = isl_schedule_get_map(schedule);
        uset = isl_schedule_get_domain(schedule);
        umap1 = isl_union_map_intersect_domain(umap1, uset);
        isl_schedule_free(schedule);

        node = isl_schedule_node_parent(node);
        node = isl_schedule_node_parent(node);
        id = isl_id_alloc(ctx, "group1", NULL);
        node = isl_schedule_node_group(node, id);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 1);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        id = isl_id_alloc(ctx, "group2", NULL);
        node = isl_schedule_node_group(node, id);

        schedule = isl_schedule_node_get_schedule(node);
        umap2 = isl_schedule_get_map(schedule);
        isl_schedule_free(schedule);

        node = isl_schedule_node_root(node);
        node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
        expansion1 = isl_schedule_node_get_subtree_expansion(node);
        isl_schedule_node_free(node);

        str = "{ group1[i] -> S1[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < 10; "
                "group1[i] -> S2[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < 10; "
                "group1[i] -> S3[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < 10 }";

        expansion2 = isl_union_map_read_from_str(ctx, str);

        equal = isl_union_map_is_equal(umap1, umap2);
        equal_expansion = isl_union_map_is_equal(expansion1, expansion2);

        isl_union_map_free(umap1);
        isl_union_map_free(umap2);
        isl_union_map_free(expansion1);
        isl_union_map_free(expansion2);

        if (equal < 0 || equal_expansion < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!equal)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "expressions not equal", return -1);
        if (!equal_expansion)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "unexpected expansion", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Some tests for the isl_schedule_node_group function.
 */
static int test_schedule_tree_group(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        if (test_schedule_tree_group_1(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        if (test_schedule_tree_group_2(ctx) < 0)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *set;
        const char *dual;
} coef_tests[] = {
        { "{ rat: [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }",
          "{ rat: coefficients[[cst] -> [a]] : cst >= 0 and 10a + cst >= 0 }" },
        { "{ rat: [i] : FALSE }",
          "{ rat: coefficients[[cst] -> [a]] }" },
        { "{ rat: [i] : }",
          "{ rat: coefficients[[cst] -> [0]] : cst >= 0 }" },
};

struct {
        const char *set;
        const char *dual;
} sol_tests[] = {
        { "{ rat: coefficients[[cst] -> [a]] : cst >= 0 and 10a + cst >= 0 }",
          "{ rat: [i] : 0 <= i <= 10 }" },
        { "{ rat: coefficients[[cst] -> [a]] : FALSE }",
          "{ rat: [i] }" },
        { "{ rat: coefficients[[cst] -> [a]] }",
          "{ rat: [i] : FALSE }" },
};

/* Test the basic functionality of isl_basic_set_coefficients and
 * isl_basic_set_solutions.
 */
static int test_dual(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(coef_tests); ++i) {
                int equal;
                isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;

                bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, coef_tests[i].set);
                bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, coef_tests[i].dual);
                bset1 = isl_basic_set_coefficients(bset1);
                equal = isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "incorrect dual", return -1);
        }

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sol_tests); ++i) {
                int equal;
                isl_basic_set *bset1, *bset2;

                bset1 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, sol_tests[i].set);
                bset2 = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, sol_tests[i].dual);
                bset1 = isl_basic_set_solutions(bset1);
                equal = isl_basic_set_is_equal(bset1, bset2);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset1);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset2);
                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "incorrect dual", return -1);
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        int scale_tile;
        int shift_point;
        const char *domain;
        const char *schedule;
        const char *sizes;
        const char *tile;
        const char *point;
} tile_tests[] = {
        { 0, 0, "[n] -> { S[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n }",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [i] }, { S[i,j] -> [j] }]",
          "{ [32,32] }",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [floor(i/32)] }, { S[i,j] -> [floor(j/32)] }]",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [i] }, { S[i,j] -> [j] }]",
        },
        { 1, 0, "[n] -> { S[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n }",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [i] }, { S[i,j] -> [j] }]",
          "{ [32,32] }",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [32*floor(i/32)] }, { S[i,j] -> [32*floor(j/32)] }]",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [i] }, { S[i,j] -> [j] }]",
        },
        { 0, 1, "[n] -> { S[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n }",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [i] }, { S[i,j] -> [j] }]",
          "{ [32,32] }",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [floor(i/32)] }, { S[i,j] -> [floor(j/32)] }]",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [i%32] }, { S[i,j] -> [j%32] }]",
        },
        { 1, 1, "[n] -> { S[i,j] : 0 <= i,j < n }",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [i] }, { S[i,j] -> [j] }]",
          "{ [32,32] }",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [32*floor(i/32)] }, { S[i,j] -> [32*floor(j/32)] }]",
          "[{ S[i,j] -> [i%32] }, { S[i,j] -> [j%32] }]",
        },
};

/* Basic tiling tests.  Create a schedule tree with a domain and a band node,
 * tile the band and then check if the tile and point bands have the
 * expected partial schedule.
 */
static int test_tile(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;
        int scale;
        int shift;

        scale = isl_options_get_tile_scale_tile_loops(ctx);
        shift = isl_options_get_tile_shift_point_loops(ctx);

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tile_tests); ++i) {
                int opt;
                int equal;
                const char *str;
                isl_union_set *domain;
                isl_multi_union_pw_aff *mupa, *mupa2;
                isl_schedule_node *node;
                isl_multi_val *sizes;

                opt = tile_tests[i].scale_tile;
                isl_options_set_tile_scale_tile_loops(ctx, opt);
                opt = tile_tests[i].shift_point;
                isl_options_set_tile_shift_point_loops(ctx, opt);

                str = tile_tests[i].domain;
                domain = isl_union_set_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                node = isl_schedule_node_from_domain(domain);
                node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);
                str = tile_tests[i].schedule;
                mupa = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                node = isl_schedule_node_insert_partial_schedule(node, mupa);
                str = tile_tests[i].sizes;
                sizes = isl_multi_val_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                node = isl_schedule_node_band_tile(node, sizes);

                str = tile_tests[i].tile;
                mupa = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                mupa2 = isl_schedule_node_band_get_partial_schedule(node);
                equal = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_plain_is_equal(mupa, mupa2);
                isl_multi_union_pw_aff_free(mupa);
                isl_multi_union_pw_aff_free(mupa2);

                node = isl_schedule_node_child(node, 0);

                str = tile_tests[i].point;
                mupa = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_read_from_str(ctx, str);
                mupa2 = isl_schedule_node_band_get_partial_schedule(node);
                if (equal >= 0 && equal)
                        equal = isl_multi_union_pw_aff_plain_is_equal(mupa,
                                                                        mupa2);
                isl_multi_union_pw_aff_free(mupa);
                isl_multi_union_pw_aff_free(mupa2);

                isl_schedule_node_free(node);

                if (equal < 0)
                        return -1;
                if (!equal)
                        isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                                "unexpected result", return -1);
        }

        isl_options_set_tile_scale_tile_loops(ctx, scale);
        isl_options_set_tile_shift_point_loops(ctx, shift);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that the domain hash of a space is equal to the hash
 * of the domain of the space.
 */
static int test_domain_hash(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        isl_map *map;
        isl_space *space;
        uint32_t hash1, hash2;

        map = isl_map_read_from_str(ctx, "[n] -> { A[B[x] -> C[]] -> D[] }");
        space = isl_map_get_space(map);
        isl_map_free(map);
        hash1 = isl_space_get_domain_hash(space);
        space = isl_space_domain(space);
        hash2 = isl_space_get_hash(space);
        isl_space_free(space);

        if (!space)
                return -1;
        if (hash1 != hash2)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "domain hash not equal to hash of domain", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Check that a universe basic set that is not obviously equal to the universe
 * is still recognized as being equal to the universe.
 */
static int test_universe(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        const char *s;
        isl_basic_set *bset;
        isl_bool is_univ;

        s = "{ [] : exists x, y : 3y <= 2x and y >= -3 + 2x and 2y >= 2 - x }";
        bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, s);
        is_univ = isl_basic_set_is_universe(bset);
        isl_basic_set_free(bset);

        if (is_univ < 0)
                return -1;
        if (!is_univ)
                isl_die(ctx, isl_error_unknown,
                        "not recognized as universe set", return -1);

        return 0;
}

/* Sets for which chambers are computed and checked.
 */
const char *chambers_tests[] = {
        "[A, B, C] -> { [x, y, z] : x >= 0 and y >= 0 and y <= A - x and "
                                "z >= 0 and z <= C - y and z <= B - x - y }",
};

/* Add the domain of "cell" to "cells".
 */
static isl_stat add_cell(__isl_take isl_cell *cell, void *user)
{
        isl_basic_set_list **cells = user;
        isl_basic_set *dom;

        dom = isl_cell_get_domain(cell);
        isl_cell_free(cell);
        *cells = isl_basic_set_list_add(*cells, dom);

        return *cells ? isl_stat_ok : isl_stat_error;
}

/* Check that the elements of "list" are pairwise disjoint.
 */
static isl_stat check_pairwise_disjoint(__isl_keep isl_basic_set_list *list)
{
        int i, j, n;

        if (!list)
                return isl_stat_error;

        n = isl_basic_set_list_n_basic_set(list);
        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                isl_basic_set *bset_i;

                bset_i = isl_basic_set_list_get_basic_set(list, i);
                for (j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) {
                        isl_basic_set *bset_j;
                        isl_bool disjoint;

                        bset_j = isl_basic_set_list_get_basic_set(list, j);
                        disjoint = isl_basic_set_is_disjoint(bset_i, bset_j);
                        isl_basic_set_free(bset_j);
                        if (!disjoint)
                                isl_die(isl_basic_set_list_get_ctx(list),
                                        isl_error_unknown, "not disjoint",
                                        break);
                        if (disjoint < 0 || !disjoint)
                                break;
                }
                isl_basic_set_free(bset_i);
                if (j < n)
                        return isl_stat_error;
        }

        return isl_stat_ok;
}

/* Check that the chambers computed by isl_vertices_foreach_disjoint_cell
 * are pairwise disjoint.
 */
static int test_chambers(isl_ctx *ctx)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(chambers_tests); ++i) {
                isl_basic_set *bset;
                isl_vertices *vertices;
                isl_basic_set_list *cells;
                isl_stat ok;

                bset = isl_basic_set_read_from_str(ctx, chambers_tests[i]);
                vertices = isl_basic_set_compute_vertices(bset);
                cells = isl_basic_set_list_alloc(ctx, 0);
                if (isl_vertices_foreach_disjoint_cell(vertices, &add_cell,
                                                        &cells) < 0)
                        cells = isl_basic_set_list_free(cells);
                ok = check_pairwise_disjoint(cells);
                isl_basic_set_list_free(cells);
                isl_vertices_free(vertices);
                isl_basic_set_free(bset);

                if (ok < 0)
                        return -1;
        }

        return 0;
}

struct {
        const char *name;
        int (*fn)(isl_ctx *ctx);
} tests [] = {
        { "universe", &test_universe },
        { "domain hash", &test_domain_hash },
        { "dual", &test_dual },
        { "dependence analysis", &test_flow },
        { "val", &test_val },
        { "compute divs", &test_compute_divs },
        { "partial lexmin", &test_partial_lexmin },
        { "simplify", &test_simplify },
        { "curry", &test_curry },
        { "piecewise multi affine expressions", &test_pw_multi_aff },
        { "multi piecewise affine expressions", &test_multi_pw_aff },
        { "conversion", &test_conversion },
        { "list", &test_list },
        { "align parameters", &test_align_parameters },
        { "preimage", &test_preimage },
        { "pullback", &test_pullback },
        { "AST", &test_ast },
        { "AST build", &test_ast_build },
        { "AST generation", &test_ast_gen },
        { "eliminate", &test_eliminate },
        { "residue class", &test_residue_class },
        { "div", &test_div },
        { "slice", &test_slice },
        { "fixed power", &test_fixed_power },
        { "sample", &test_sample },
        { "output", &test_output },
        { "vertices", &test_vertices },
        { "chambers", &test_chambers },
        { "fixed", &test_fixed },
        { "equal", &test_equal },
        { "disjoint", &test_disjoint },
        { "product", &test_product },
        { "dim_max", &test_dim_max },
        { "affine", &test_aff },
        { "injective", &test_injective },
        { "schedule (whole component)", &test_schedule_whole },
        { "schedule (incremental)", &test_schedule_incremental },
        { "schedule tree grouping", &test_schedule_tree_group },
        { "tile", &test_tile },
        { "union_pw", &test_union_pw },
        { "eval", &test_eval },
        { "parse", &test_parse },
        { "single-valued", &test_sv },
        { "affine hull", &test_affine_hull },
        { "simple_hull", &test_simple_hull },
        { "coalesce", &test_coalesce },
        { "factorize", &test_factorize },
        { "subset", &test_subset },
        { "subtract", &test_subtract },
        { "intersect", &test_intersect },
        { "lexmin", &test_lexmin },
        { "min", &test_min },
        { "gist", &test_gist },
        { "piecewise quasi-polynomials", &test_pwqp },
        { "lift", &test_lift },
        { "bound", &test_bound },
        { "union", &test_union },
        { "split periods", &test_split_periods },
        { "lexicographic order", &test_lex },
        { "bijectivity", &test_bijective },
        { "dataflow analysis", &test_dep },
        { "reading", &test_read },
        { "bounded", &test_bounded },
        { "construction", &test_construction },
        { "dimension manipulation", &test_dim },
        { "map application", &test_application },
        { "convex hull", &test_convex_hull },
        { "transitive closure", &test_closure },
};

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
        int i;
        struct isl_ctx *ctx;
        struct isl_options *options;

        options = isl_options_new_with_defaults();
        assert(options);
        argc = isl_options_parse(options, argc, argv, ISL_ARG_ALL);

        ctx = isl_ctx_alloc_with_options(&isl_options_args, options);
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tests); ++i) {
                printf("%s\n", tests[i].name);
                if (tests[i].fn(ctx) < 0)
                        goto error;
        }
        isl_ctx_free(ctx);
        return 0;
error:
        isl_ctx_free(ctx);
        return -1;
}