usr/src/uts/common/os/main.c

   1 /*
   2  * CDDL HEADER START
   3  *
   4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
   5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
   6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   7  *
   8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
   9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
  10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
  11  * and limitations under the License.
  12  *
  13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
  14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
  15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
  16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
  17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
  18  *
  19  * CDDL HEADER END
  20  */
  21
  22 /*
  23  * Copyright (c) 1988, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  24  */
  25
  26 /*      Copyright (c) 1988 AT&T */
  27 /*        All Rights Reserved   */
  28
  29 /*
  30  * Copyright (c) 2013, Joyent, Inc. All rights reserved.
  31  */
  32
  33 #include <sys/types.h>
  34 #include <sys/param.h>
  35 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
  36 #include <sys/pcb.h>
  37 #include <sys/systm.h>
  38 #include <sys/signal.h>
  39 #include <sys/cred.h>
  40 #include <sys/user.h>
  41 #include <sys/vfs.h>
  42 #include <sys/vnode.h>
  43 #include <sys/proc.h>
  44 #include <sys/time.h>
  45 #include <sys/file.h>
  46 #include <sys/priocntl.h>
  47 #include <sys/procset.h>
  48 #include <sys/disp.h>
  49 #include <sys/callo.h>
  50 #include <sys/callb.h>
  51 #include <sys/debug.h>
  52 #include <sys/conf.h>
  53 #include <sys/bootconf.h>
  54 #include <sys/utsname.h>
  55 #include <sys/cmn_err.h>
  56 #include <sys/vmparam.h>
  57 #include <sys/modctl.h>
  58 #include <sys/vm.h>
  59 #include <sys/callb.h>
  60 #include <sys/ddi_periodic.h>
  61 #include <sys/kmem.h>
  62 #include <sys/vmem.h>
  63 #include <sys/cpuvar.h>
  64 #include <sys/cladm.h>
  65 #include <sys/corectl.h>
  66 #include <sys/exec.h>
  67 #include <sys/syscall.h>
  68 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  69 #include <sys/task.h>
  70 #include <sys/exacct.h>
  71 #include <sys/autoconf.h>
  72 #include <sys/errorq.h>
  73 #include <sys/class.h>
  74 #include <sys/stack.h>
  75 #include <sys/brand.h>
  76 #include <sys/mmapobj.h>
  77
  78 #include <vm/as.h>
  79 #include <vm/seg_kmem.h>
  80 #include <sys/dc_ki.h>
  81
  82 #include <c2/audit.h>
  83 #include <sys/bootprops.h>
  84
  85 /* well known processes */
  86 proc_t *proc_sched;             /* memory scheduler */
  87 proc_t *proc_init;              /* init */
  88 proc_t *proc_pageout;           /* pageout daemon */
  89 proc_t *proc_fsflush;           /* fsflush daemon */
  90
  91 pgcnt_t maxmem;         /* Maximum available memory in pages.   */
  92 pgcnt_t freemem;        /* Current available memory in pages.   */
  93 int     interrupts_unleashed;   /* set when we do the first spl0() */
  94
  95 kmem_cache_t *process_cache;    /* kmem cache for proc structures */
  96
  97 /*
  98  * Indicates whether the auditing module (c2audit) is loaded. Possible
  99  * values are:
 100  * 0 - c2audit module is excluded in /etc/system and cannot be loaded
 101  * 1 - c2audit module is not loaded but can be anytime
 102  * 2 - c2audit module is loaded
 103  */
 104 int audit_active = C2AUDIT_DISABLED;
 105
 106 /*
 107  * Process 0's lwp directory and lwpid hash table.
 108  */
 109 lwpdir_t p0_lwpdir[2];
 110 tidhash_t p0_tidhash[2];
 111 lwpent_t p0_lep;
 112
 113 /*
 114  * Machine-independent initialization code
 115  * Called from cold start routine as
 116  * soon as a stack and segmentation
 117  * have been established.
 118  * Functions:
 119  *      clear and free user core
 120  *      turn on clock
 121  *      hand craft 0th process
 122  *      call all initialization routines
 123  *      fork    - process 0 to schedule
 124  *              - process 1 execute bootstrap
 125  *              - process 2 to page out
 126  *      create system threads
 127  */
 128
 129 int cluster_bootflags = 0;
 130
 131 void
 132 cluster_wrapper(void)
 133 {
 134         cluster();
 135         panic("cluster()  returned");
 136 }
 137
 138 char initname[INITNAME_SZ] = "/sbin/init";      /* also referenced by zone0 */
 139 char initargs[BOOTARGS_MAX] = "";               /* also referenced by zone0 */
 140
 141 /*
 142  * Construct a stack for init containing the arguments to it, then
 143  * pass control to exec_common.
 144  */
 145 int
 146 exec_init(const char *initpath, const char *args)
 147 {
 148         caddr32_t ucp;
 149         caddr32_t *uap;
 150         caddr32_t *argv;
 151         caddr32_t exec_fnamep;
 152         char *scratchargs;
 153         int i, sarg;
 154         size_t argvlen, alen;
 155         boolean_t in_arg;
 156         int argc = 0;
 157         int error = 0, count = 0;
 158         proc_t *p = ttoproc(curthread);
 159         klwp_t *lwp = ttolwp(curthread);
 160         int brand_action;
 161
 162         if (args == NULL)
 163                 args = "";
 164
 165         alen = strlen(initpath) + 1 + strlen(args) + 1;
 166         scratchargs = kmem_alloc(alen, KM_SLEEP);
 167         (void) snprintf(scratchargs, alen, "%s %s", initpath, args);
 168
 169         /*
 170          * We do a quick two state parse of the string to sort out how big
 171          * argc should be.
 172          */
 173         in_arg = B_FALSE;
 174         for (i = 0; i < strlen(scratchargs); i++) {
 175                 if (scratchargs[i] == ' ' || scratchargs[i] == '\0') {
 176                         if (in_arg) {
 177                                 in_arg = B_FALSE;
 178                                 argc++;
 179                         }
 180                 } else {
 181                         in_arg = B_TRUE;
 182                 }
 183         }
 184         argvlen = sizeof (caddr32_t) * (argc + 1);
 185         argv = kmem_zalloc(argvlen, KM_SLEEP);
 186
 187         /*
 188          * We pull off a bit of a hack here.  We work our way through the
 189          * args string, putting nulls at the ends of space delimited tokens
 190          * (boot args don't support quoting at this time).  Then we just
 191          * copy the whole mess to userland in one go.  In other words, we
 192          * transform this: "init -s -r\0" into this on the stack:
 193          *
 194          *      -0x00 \0
 195          *      -0x01 r
 196          *      -0x02 -  <--------.
 197          *      -0x03 \0          |
 198          *      -0x04 s           |
 199          *      -0x05 -  <------. |
 200          *      -0x06 \0        | |
 201          *      -0x07 t         | |
 202          *      -0x08 i         | |
 203          *      -0x09 n         | |
 204          *      -0x0a i  <---.  | |
 205          *      -0x10 NULL   |  | |     (argv[3])
 206          *      -0x14   -----|--|-'     (argv[2])
 207          *      -0x18  ------|--'       (argv[1])
 208          *      -0x1c -------'          (argv[0])
 209          *
 210          * Since we know the value of ucp at the beginning of this process,
 211          * we can trivially compute the argv[] array which we also need to
 212          * place in userland: argv[i] = ucp - sarg(i), where ucp is the
 213          * stack ptr, and sarg is the string index of the start of the
 214          * argument.
 215          */
 216         ucp = (caddr32_t)(uintptr_t)p->p_usrstack;
 217
 218         argc = 0;
 219         in_arg = B_FALSE;
 220         sarg = 0;
 221
 222         for (i = 0; i < alen; i++) {
 223                 if (scratchargs[i] == ' ' || scratchargs[i] == '\0') {
 224                         if (in_arg == B_TRUE) {
 225                                 in_arg = B_FALSE;
 226                                 scratchargs[i] = '\0';
 227                                 argv[argc++] = ucp - (alen - sarg);
 228                         }
 229                 } else if (in_arg == B_FALSE) {
 230                         in_arg = B_TRUE;
 231                         sarg = i;
 232                 }
 233         }
 234         ucp -= alen;
 235         error |= copyout(scratchargs, (caddr_t)(uintptr_t)ucp, alen);
 236
 237         uap = (caddr32_t *)P2ALIGN((uintptr_t)ucp, sizeof (caddr32_t));
 238         uap--;  /* advance to be below the word we're in */
 239         uap -= (argc + 1);      /* advance argc words down, plus one for NULL */
 240         error |= copyout(argv, uap, argvlen);
 241
 242         if (error != 0) {
 243                 zcmn_err(p->p_zone->zone_id, CE_WARN,
 244                     "Could not construct stack for init.\n");
 245                 kmem_free(argv, argvlen);
 246                 kmem_free(scratchargs, alen);
 247                 return (EFAULT);
 248         }
 249
 250         exec_fnamep = argv[0];
 251         kmem_free(argv, argvlen);
 252         kmem_free(scratchargs, alen);
 253
 254         /*
 255          * Point at the arguments.
 256          */
 257         lwp->lwp_ap = lwp->lwp_arg;
 258         lwp->lwp_arg[0] = (uintptr_t)exec_fnamep;
 259         lwp->lwp_arg[1] = (uintptr_t)uap;
 260         lwp->lwp_arg[2] = NULL;
 261         curthread->t_post_sys = 1;
 262         curthread->t_sysnum = SYS_execve;
 263
 264         /*
 265          * If we are executing init from zsched, we may have inherited its
 266          * parent process's signal mask.  Clear it now so that we behave in
 267          * the same way as when started from the global zone.
 268          */
 269         sigemptyset(&curthread->t_hold);
 270
 271         brand_action = ZONE_IS_BRANDED(p->p_zone) ? EBA_BRAND : EBA_NONE;
 272 again:
 273         error = exec_common((const char *)(uintptr_t)exec_fnamep,
 274             (const char **)(uintptr_t)uap, NULL, brand_action);
 275
 276         /*
 277          * Normally we would just set lwp_argsaved and t_post_sys and
 278          * let post_syscall reset lwp_ap for us.  Unfortunately,
 279          * exec_init isn't always called from a system call.  Instead
 280          * of making a mess of trap_cleanup, we just reset the args
 281          * pointer here.
 282          */
 283         reset_syscall_args();
 284
 285         switch (error) {
 286         case 0:
 287                 return (0);
 288
 289         case ENOENT:
 290                 zcmn_err(p->p_zone->zone_id, CE_WARN,
 291                     "exec(%s) failed (file not found).\n", initpath);
 292                 return (ENOENT);
 293
 294         case EAGAIN:
 295         case EINTR:
 296                 ++count;
 297                 if (count < 5) {
 298                         zcmn_err(p->p_zone->zone_id, CE_WARN,
 299                             "exec(%s) failed with errno %d.  Retrying...\n",
 300                             initpath, error);
 301                         goto again;
 302                 }
 303         }
 304
 305         zcmn_err(p->p_zone->zone_id, CE_WARN,
 306             "exec(%s) failed with errno %d.", initpath, error);
 307         return (error);
 308 }
 309
 310 /*
 311  * This routine does all of the common setup for invoking init; global
 312  * and non-global zones employ this routine for the functionality which is
 313  * in common.
 314  *
 315  * This program (init, presumably) must be a 32-bit process.
 316  */
 317 int
 318 start_init_common()
 319 {
 320         proc_t *p = curproc;
 321         ASSERT_STACK_ALIGNED();
 322         p->p_zone->zone_proc_initpid = p->p_pid;
 323
 324         p->p_cstime = p->p_stime = p->p_cutime = p->p_utime = 0;
 325         p->p_usrstack = (caddr_t)USRSTACK32;
 326         p->p_model = DATAMODEL_ILP32;
 327         p->p_stkprot = PROT_ZFOD & ~PROT_EXEC;
 328         p->p_datprot = PROT_ZFOD & ~PROT_EXEC;
 329         p->p_stk_ctl = INT32_MAX;
 330
 331         p->p_as = as_alloc();
 332         p->p_as->a_proc = p;
 333         p->p_as->a_userlimit = (caddr_t)USERLIMIT32;
 334         (void) hat_setup(p->p_as->a_hat, HAT_INIT);
 335
 336         init_core();
 337
 338         init_mstate(curthread, LMS_SYSTEM);
 339         return (exec_init(p->p_zone->zone_initname, p->p_zone->zone_bootargs));
 340 }
 341
 342 /*
 343  * Start the initial user process for the global zone; once running, if
 344  * init should subsequently fail, it will be automatically be caught in the
 345  * exit(2) path, and restarted by restart_init().
 346  */
 347 static void
 348 start_init(void)
 349 {
 350         proc_init = curproc;
 351
 352         ASSERT(curproc->p_zone->zone_initname != NULL);
 353
 354         if (start_init_common() != 0)
 355                 halt("unix: Could not start init");
 356         lwp_rtt();
 357 }
 358
 359 void
 360 main(void)
 361 {
 362         proc_t          *p = ttoproc(curthread);        /* &p0 */
 363         int             (**initptr)();
 364         extern void     sched();
 365         extern void     fsflush();
 366         extern int      (*init_tbl[])();
 367         extern int      (*mp_init_tbl[])();
 368         extern id_t     syscid, defaultcid;
 369         extern int      swaploaded;
 370         extern int      netboot;
 371         extern ib_boot_prop_t *iscsiboot_prop;
 372         extern void     vm_init(void);
 373         extern void     cbe_init_pre(void);
 374         extern void     cbe_init(void);
 375         extern void     clock_tick_init_pre(void);
 376         extern void     clock_tick_init_post(void);
 377         extern void     clock_init(void);
 378         extern void     physio_bufs_init(void);
 379         extern void     pm_cfb_setup_intr(void);
 380         extern int      pm_adjust_timestamps(dev_info_t *, void *);
 381         extern void     start_other_cpus(int);
 382         extern void     sysevent_evc_thrinit();
 383         extern kmutex_t ualock;
 384 #if defined(__x86)
 385         extern void     fastboot_post_startup(void);
 386         extern void     progressbar_start(void);
 387 #endif
 388         /*
 389          * In the horrible world of x86 in-lines, you can't get symbolic
 390          * structure offsets a la genassym.  This assertion is here so
 391          * that the next poor slob who innocently changes the offset of
 392          * cpu_thread doesn't waste as much time as I just did finding
 393          * out that it's hard-coded in i86/ml/i86.il.  Similarly for
 394          * curcpup.  You're welcome.
 395          */
 396         ASSERT(CPU == CPU->cpu_self);
 397         ASSERT(curthread == CPU->cpu_thread);
 398         ASSERT_STACK_ALIGNED();
 399
 400         /*
 401          * We take the ualock until we have completed the startup
 402          * to prevent kadmin() from disrupting this work. In particular,
 403          * we don't want kadmin() to bring the system down while we are
 404          * trying to start it up.
 405          */
 406         mutex_enter(&ualock);
 407
 408         /*
 409          * Setup root lgroup and leaf lgroup for CPU 0
 410          */
 411         lgrp_init(LGRP_INIT_STAGE2);
 412
 413         /*
 414          * Once 'startup()' completes, the thread_reaper() daemon would be
 415          * created(in thread_init()). After that, it is safe to create threads
 416          * that could exit. These exited threads will get reaped.
 417          */
 418         startup();
 419         segkmem_gc();
 420         callb_init();
 421         cbe_init_pre(); /* x86 must initialize gethrtimef before timer_init */
 422         ddi_periodic_init();
 423         cbe_init();
 424         callout_init(); /* callout table MUST be init'd after cyclics */
 425         clock_tick_init_pre();
 426         clock_init();
 427
 428 #if defined(__x86)
 429         /*
 430          * The progressbar thread uses cv_reltimedwait() and hence needs to be
 431          * started after the callout mechanism has been initialized.
 432          */
 433         progressbar_start();
 434 #endif
 435         /*
 436          * On some platforms, clkinitf() changes the timing source that
 437          * gethrtime_unscaled() uses to generate timestamps.  cbe_init() calls
 438          * clkinitf(), so re-initialize the microstate counters after the
 439          * timesource has been chosen.
 440          */
 441         init_mstate(&t0, LMS_SYSTEM);
 442         init_cpu_mstate(CPU, CMS_SYSTEM);
 443
 444         /*
 445          * May need to probe to determine latencies from CPU 0 after
 446          * gethrtime() comes alive in cbe_init() and before enabling interrupts
 447          * and copy and release any temporary memory allocated with BOP_ALLOC()
 448          * before release_bootstrap() frees boot memory
 449          */
 450         lgrp_init(LGRP_INIT_STAGE3);
 451
 452         /*
 453          * Call all system initialization functions.
 454          */
 455         for (initptr = &init_tbl[0]; *initptr; initptr++)
 456                 (**initptr)();
 457         /*
 458          * Load iSCSI boot properties
 459          */
 460         ld_ib_prop();
 461         /*
 462          * initialize vm related stuff.
 463          */
 464         vm_init();
 465
 466         /*
 467          * initialize buffer pool for raw I/O requests
 468          */
 469         physio_bufs_init();
 470
 471         ttolwp(curthread)->lwp_error = 0; /* XXX kludge for SCSI driver */
 472
 473         /*
 474          * Drop the interrupt level and allow interrupts.  At this point
 475          * the DDI guarantees that interrupts are enabled.
 476          */
 477         (void) spl0();
 478         interrupts_unleashed = 1;
 479
 480         /*
 481          * Create kmem cache for proc structures
 482          */
 483         process_cache = kmem_cache_create("process_cache", sizeof (proc_t),
 484             0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
 485
 486         vfs_mountroot();        /* Mount the root file system */
 487         errorq_init();          /* after vfs_mountroot() so DDI root is ready */
 488         cpu_kstat_init(CPU);    /* after vfs_mountroot() so TOD is valid */
 489         ddi_walk_devs(ddi_root_node(), pm_adjust_timestamps, NULL);
 490                                 /* after vfs_mountroot() so hrestime is valid */
 491
 492         post_startup();
 493         swaploaded = 1;
 494
 495         /*
 496          * Initialize Solaris Audit Subsystem
 497          */
 498         audit_init();
 499
 500         /*
 501          * Plumb the protocol modules and drivers only if we are not
 502          * networked booted, in this case we already did it in rootconf().
 503          */
 504         if (netboot == 0 && iscsiboot_prop == NULL)
 505                 (void) strplumb();
 506
 507         gethrestime(&PTOU(curproc)->u_start);
 508         curthread->t_start = PTOU(curproc)->u_start.tv_sec;
 509         p->p_mstart = gethrtime();
 510
 511         /*
 512          * Perform setup functions that can only be done after root
 513          * and swap have been set up.
 514          */
 515         consconfig();
 516 #ifndef __sparc
 517         release_bootstrap();
 518 #endif
 519
 520         /*
 521          * attach drivers with ddi-forceattach prop
 522          * It must be done early enough to load hotplug drivers (e.g.
 523          * pcmcia nexus) so that devices enumerated via hotplug is
 524          * available before I/O subsystem is fully initialized.
 525          */
 526         i_ddi_forceattach_drivers();
 527
 528         /*
 529          * Set the scan rate and other parameters of the paging subsystem.
 530          */
 531         setupclock(0);
 532
 533         /*
 534          * Initialize process 0's lwp directory and lwpid hash table.
 535          */
 536         p->p_lwpdir = p->p_lwpfree = p0_lwpdir;
 537         p->p_lwpdir->ld_next = p->p_lwpdir + 1;
 538         p->p_lwpdir_sz = 2;
 539         p->p_tidhash = p0_tidhash;
 540         p->p_tidhash_sz = 2;
 541         p0_lep.le_thread = curthread;
 542         p0_lep.le_lwpid = curthread->t_tid;
 543         p0_lep.le_start = curthread->t_start;
 544         lwp_hash_in(p, &p0_lep, p0_tidhash, 2, 0);
 545
 546         /*
 547          * Initialize extended accounting.
 548          */
 549         exacct_init();
 550
 551         /*
 552          * Initialize threads of sysevent event channels
 553          */
 554         sysevent_evc_thrinit();
 555
 556         /*
 557          * This must be done after post_startup() but before
 558          * start_other_cpus()
 559          */
 560         lgrp_init(LGRP_INIT_STAGE4);
 561
 562         /*
 563          * Perform MP initialization, if any.
 564          */
 565         start_other_cpus(0);
 566
 567 #ifdef  __sparc
 568         /*
 569          * Release bootstrap here since PROM interfaces are
 570          * used to start other CPUs above.
 571          */
 572         release_bootstrap();
 573 #endif
 574
 575         /*
 576          * Finish lgrp initialization after all CPUS are brought online.
 577          */
 578         lgrp_init(LGRP_INIT_STAGE5);
 579
 580         /*
 581          * After mp_init(), number of cpus are known (this is
 582          * true for the time being, when there are actually
 583          * hot pluggable cpus then this scheme  would not do).
 584          * Any per cpu initialization is done here.
 585          */
 586         kmem_mp_init();
 587         vmem_update(NULL);
 588
 589         clock_tick_init_post();
 590
 591         for (initptr = &mp_init_tbl[0]; *initptr; initptr++)
 592                 (**initptr)();
 593
 594         /*
 595          * These must be called after start_other_cpus
 596          */
 597         pm_cfb_setup_intr();
 598 #if defined(__x86)
 599         fastboot_post_startup();
 600 #endif
 601
 602         /*
 603          * Make init process; enter scheduling loop with system process.
 604          *
 605          * Note that we manually assign the pids for these processes, for
 606          * historical reasons.  If more pre-assigned pids are needed,
 607          * FAMOUS_PIDS will have to be updated.
 608          */
 609
 610         /* create init process */
 611         if (newproc(start_init, NULL, defaultcid, 59, NULL,
 612             FAMOUS_PID_INIT))
 613                 panic("main: unable to fork init.");
 614
 615         /* create pageout daemon */
 616         if (newproc(pageout, NULL, syscid, maxclsyspri - 1, NULL,
 617             FAMOUS_PID_PAGEOUT))
 618                 panic("main: unable to fork pageout()");
 619
 620         /* create fsflush daemon */
 621         if (newproc(fsflush, NULL, syscid, minclsyspri, NULL,
 622             FAMOUS_PID_FSFLUSH))
 623                 panic("main: unable to fork fsflush()");
 624
 625         /* create cluster process if we're a member of one */
 626         if (cluster_bootflags & CLUSTER_BOOTED) {
 627                 if (newproc(cluster_wrapper, NULL, syscid, minclsyspri,
 628                     NULL, 0)) {
 629                         panic("main: unable to fork cluster()");
 630                 }
 631         }
 632
 633         /*
 634          * Create system threads (threads are associated with p0)
 635          */
 636
 637         /* create module uninstall daemon */
 638         /* BugID 1132273. If swapping over NFS need a bigger stack */
 639         (void) thread_create(NULL, 0, (void (*)())mod_uninstall_daemon,
 640             NULL, 0, &p0, TS_RUN, minclsyspri);
 641
 642         (void) thread_create(NULL, 0, seg_pasync_thread,
 643             NULL, 0, &p0, TS_RUN, minclsyspri);
 644
 645         pid_setmin();
 646
 647         /* system is now ready */
 648         mutex_exit(&ualock);
 649
 650         bcopy("sched", PTOU(curproc)->u_psargs, 6);
 651         bcopy("sched", PTOU(curproc)->u_comm, 5);
 652         sched();
 653         /* NOTREACHED */
 654 }