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12 .TH UNLINK 2 "May 18, 2007"
14 unlink, unlinkat \- remove directory entry
20 \fBint\fR \fBunlink\fR(\fBconst char *\fR\fIpath\fR);
25 \fBint\fR \fBunlinkat\fR(\fBint\fR \fIdirfd\fR, \fBconst char *\fR\fIpath\fR, \fBint\fR \fIflag\fR);
31 The \fBunlink()\fR function removes a link to a file. If \fIpath\fR names a
32 symbolic link, \fBunlink()\fR removes the symbolic link named by \fIpath\fR and
33 does not affect any file or directory named by the contents of the symbolic
34 link. Otherwise, \fBunlink()\fR removes the link named by the pathname pointed
35 to by \fIpath\fR and decrements the link count of the file referenced by the
39 The \fBunlinkat()\fR function also removes a link to a file. See
40 \fBfsattr\fR(5). If the \fIflag\fR argument is 0, the behavior of
41 \fBunlinkat()\fR is the same as \fBunlink()\fR except in the processing of its
42 \fIpath\fR argument. If \fIpath\fR is absolute, \fBunlinkat()\fR behaves the
43 same as \fBunlink()\fR and the \fIdirfd\fR argument is unused. If \fIpath\fR is
44 relative and \fIdirfd\fR has the value \fBAT_FDCWD\fR, defined in
45 <\fBfcntl.h\fR>, \fBunlinkat()\fR also behaves the same as \fBunlink()\fR.
46 Otherwise, \fIpath\fR is resolved relative to the directory referenced by the
50 If the \fIflag\fR argument is set to the value \fBAT_REMOVEDIR\fR, defined in
51 <\fBfcntl.h\fR>, \fBunlinkat()\fR behaves the same as \fBrmdir\fR(2) except in
52 the processing of the \fIpath\fR argument as described above.
55 When the file's link count becomes 0 and no process has the file open, the
56 space occupied by the file will be freed and the file is no longer accessible.
57 If one or more processes have the file open when the last link is removed, the
58 link is removed before \fBunlink()\fR or \fBunlinkat()\fR returns, but the
59 removal of the file contents is postponed until all references to the file are
63 If the \fIpath\fR argument is a directory and the filesystem supports
64 \fBunlink()\fR and \fBunlinkat()\fR on directories, the directory is unlinked
65 from its parent with no cleanup being performed. In UFS, the disconnected
66 directory will be found the next time the filesystem is checked with
67 \fBfsck\fR(1M). The \fBunlink()\fR and \fBunlinkat()\fR functions will not fail
68 simply because a directory is not empty. The user with appropriate privileges
69 can orphan a non-empty directory without generating an error message.
72 If the \fIpath\fR argument is a directory and the filesystem does not support
73 \fBunlink()\fR and \fBunlink()\fR on directories (for example, ZFS), the call
74 will fail with \fBerrno\fR set to \fBEPERM\fR.
77 Upon successful completion, \fBunlink()\fR and \fBunlinkat()\fR will mark for
78 update the \fBst_ctime\fR and \fBst_mtime\fR fields of the parent directory.
79 If the file's link count is not 0, the \fBst_ctime\fR field of the file will be
84 Upon successful completion, \fB0\fR is returned. Otherwise, \fB\(mi1\fR is
85 returned, \fBerrno\fR is set to indicate the error, and the file is not
90 The \fBunlink()\fR and \fBunlinkat()\fR functions will fail if:
97 Search permission is denied for a component of the \fIpath\fR prefix, or write
98 permission is denied on the directory containing the link to be removed.
107 The parent directory has the sticky bit set and the file is not writable by the
108 user, the user does not own the parent directory, the user does not own the
109 file, and the user is not a privileged user.
118 The entry to be unlinked is the mount point for a mounted file system.
127 The \fIpath\fR argument points to an illegal address.
136 The path argument includes non-UTF8 characters and the file system accepts only
137 file names where all characters are part of the UTF-8 character codeset.
146 A signal was caught during the execution of the \fBunlink()\fR function.
155 Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating \fIpath\fR.
161 \fB\fBENAMETOOLONG\fR\fR
164 The length of the \fIpath\fR argument exceeds \fBPATH_MAX\fR, or the length of
165 a \fIpath\fR component exceeds \fBNAME_MAX\fR while \fB_POSIX_NO_TRUNC\fR is in
175 The named file does not exist or is a null pathname.
184 The \fIpath\fR argument points to a remote machine and the link to that machine
194 A component of the \fIpath\fR prefix is not a directory or the provided
195 directory descriptor for \fBunlinkat()\fR is not \fBAT_FDCWD\fR or does not
196 reference a directory.
205 The named file is a directory and {\fBPRIV_SYS_LINKDIR\fR} is not asserted in
206 the effective set of the calling process, or the filesystem implementation does
207 not support \fBunlink()\fR or \fBunlinkat()\fR on directories.
216 The directory entry to be unlinked is part of a read-only file system.
221 The \fBunlink()\fR and \fBunlinkat()\fR functions may fail if:
225 \fB\fBENAMETOOLONG\fR\fR
228 Pathname resolution of a symbolic link produced an intermediate result whose
229 length exceeds {\fBPATH_MAX\fR}.
238 The entry to be unlinked is the last directory entry to a pure procedure
239 (shared text) file that is being executed.
245 Applications should use \fBrmdir\fR(2) to remove a directory.
249 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
257 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
259 Interface Stability T{
260 \fBunlink()\fR is Standard; \fBunlinkat()\fR is Evolving
263 MT-Level Async-Signal-Safe
269 \fBrm\fR(1), \fBclose\fR(2), \fBlink\fR(2), \fBopen\fR(2), \fBrmdir\fR(2),
270 \fBremove\fR(3C), \fBattributes\fR(5), \fBprivileges\fR(5), \fBfsattr\fR(5)