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10 .TH TABS 1 "Feb 1, 1995"
11 .SH NAME
12 tabs \- set tabs on a terminal
13 .SH SYNOPSIS
14 .LP
15 .nf
16 \fBtabs\fR [\fB-n\fR | \(mi\(mi\fIfile\fR
17 [[\fB-code\fR] | \fB-a\fR | \fB-a2\fR | \fB-c\fR | \fB-c2\fR | \fB-c3\fR | \fB-f\fR | \fB-p\fR | \fB-s\fR | \fB-u\fR]]
18 q!! [+m [\fIn\fR]] [\fB-T\fR \fItype\fR]
19 .fi
21 .LP
22 .nf
23 \fBtabs\fR [\fB-T\fR \fItype\fR] [+ \fIm\fR [\fIn\fR]] \fIn1\fR [, \fIn2\fR ,...]
24 .fi
26 .SH DESCRIPTION
27 .sp
28 .LP
29 The \fBtabs\fR utility sets the tab stops on the user's terminal according to a
30 tab specification, after clearing any previous settings. The user's terminal
31 must have remotely settable hardware tabs.
32 .SH OPTIONS
33 .sp
34 .LP
35 The following options are supported. If a given flag occurs more than once, the
36 last value given takes effect:
37 .sp
38 .ne 2
39 .na
40 \fB\fB-T\fR \fItype\fR \fR
41 .ad
42 .RS 12n
43 \fBtabs\fR needs to know the type of terminal in order to set tabs and margins.
44 \fItype\fR is a name listed in \fBterm\fR(5). If no \fB-T\fR flag is supplied,
45 \fBtabs\fR uses the value of the environment variable \fBTERM\fR. If the value
46 of \fBTERM\fR is \fINULL\fR or \fBTERM\fR is not defined in the environment
47 (see \fBenviron\fR(5)), \fBtabs\fR uses \fBansi+tabs\fR as the terminal type to
48 provide a sequence that will work for many terminals.
49 .RE
51 .sp
52 .ne 2
53 .na
54 \fB\fB+m[\fR\fIn\fR\fB]\fR \fR
55 .ad
56 .RS 12n
57 The margin argument may be used for some terminals. It causes all tabs to be
58 moved over \fIn\fR columns by making column \fIn\fR\fB+1\fR the left margin.
59 If \fB+m\fR is given without a value of \fIn\fR, the value assumed is \fB10\fR.
60 For a TermiNet, the first value in the tab list should be \fB1\fR, or the
61 margin will move even further to the right. The normal (leftmost) margin on
62 most terminals is obtained by \fB+m0\fR. The margin for most terminals is reset
63 only when the \fB+m\fR flag is given explicitly.
64 .RE
66 .SS "Tab Specification"
67 .sp
68 .LP
69 Four types of tab specification are accepted. They are described below:
70 canned, repetitive (\fB-\fR\fIn\fR), arbitrary (\fIn1,n2,...\fR), and file
71 (\fB-\fR\fIfile\fR).
72 .sp
73 .LP
74 If no tab specification is given, the default value is \fB\(mi8\fR, that is,
75 UNIX system ``standard'' tabs. The lowest column number is \fB1\fR. Note: For
76 \fBtabs\fR, column 1 always refers to the leftmost column on a terminal, even
77 one whose column markers begin at 0, for example, the DASI 300, DASI 300s, and
78 DASI 450.
79 .SS "\fICanned\fR \fB-code\fR"
80 .sp
81 .LP
82 Use one of the codes listed below to select a canned set of tabs. If more than
83 one code is specified, the last code option will be used. The legal codes and
84 their meanings are as follows:
85 .sp
86 .ne 2
87 .na
88 \fB\fB-a\fR\fR
89 .ad
90 .RS 7n
91 \fB1,10,16,36,72\fR Assembler, IBM S/370, first format
92 .RE
94 .sp
95 .ne 2
96 .na
97 \fB\fB-a2\fR\fR
98 .ad
99 .RS 7n
100 \fB1,10,16,40,72\fR
101 .sp
102 Assembler, IBM S/370, second format
103 .RE
105 .sp
106 .ne 2
107 .na
108 \fB\fB-c\fR\fR
109 .ad
110 .RS 7n
111 \fB1,8,12,16,20,55\fR
112 .sp
113 COBOL, normal format
114 .RE
116 .sp
117 .ne 2
118 .na
119 \fB\fB-c2\fR\fR
120 .ad
121 .RS 7n
122 \fB1,6,10,14,49\fR
123 .sp
124 COBOL compact format (columns 1-6 omitted). Using this code, the first typed
125 character corresponds to card column 7, one space gets you to column 8, and a
126 tab reaches column 12. Files using this tab setup should include a format
127 specification as follows (see \fBfspec\fR(4)):
128 .sp
129 .in +2
130 .nf
131 <:t\fB-c2\fR \|m6 \|s66 \|d:>
132 .fi
133 .in -2
135 .RE
137 .sp
138 .ne 2
139 .na
140 \fB\fB-c3\fR\fR
141 .ad
142 .RS 7n
143 \fB1,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38,42,46,50,54,58,62,67\fR
144 .sp
145 COBOL compact format (columns 1-6 omitted), with more tabs than
146 \fB\fR\fB-c2\fR\fB\&.\fR This is the recommended format for COBOL. The
147 appropriate format specification is (see \fBfspec\fR(4)):
148 .sp
149 .in +2
150 .nf
151 <:t\fB-c3\fR \|m6 \|s66 \|d:>
152 .fi
153 .in -2
155 .RE
157 .sp
158 .ne 2
159 .na
160 \fB\fB-f\fR\fR
161 .ad
162 .RS 7n
163 \fB1,7,11,15,19,23\fR
164 .sp
165 FORTRAN
166 .RE
168 .sp
169 .ne 2
170 .na
171 \fB\fB-p\fR\fR
172 .ad
173 .RS 7n
174 \fB1,5,9,13,17,21,25,29,33,37,41,45,49,53,57,61\fR
175 .sp
176 PL/I
177 .RE
179 .sp
180 .ne 2
181 .na
182 \fB\fB-s\fR\fR
183 .ad
184 .RS 7n
185 \fB1,10,55\fR
186 .sp
187 SNOBOL
188 .RE
190 .sp
191 .ne 2
192 .na
193 \fB\fB-u\fR\fR
194 .ad
195 .RS 7n
196 \fB1,12,20,44\fR
197 .sp
198 UNIVAC 1100 Assembler
199 .RE
201 .SS "\fIRepetitive\fR"
202 .sp
203 .ne 2
204 .na
205 \fB\fB-\fR\fIn\fR \fR
206 .ad
207 .RS 7n
208 A \fIrepetitive\fR specification requests tabs at columns 1+\fIn\fR,
209 1+2*\fIn\fR, etc., where \fIn\fR is a single-digit decimal number. Of
210 particular importance is the value \fB8\fR: this represents the UNIX system
211 ``standard'' tab setting, and is the most likely tab setting to be found at a
212 terminal. When \fB\(mi0\fR is used, the tab stops are cleared and no new ones
213 are set.
214 .RE
216 .SS "\fIArbitrary\fR"
217 .sp
218 .LP
219 See OPERANDS.
220 .SS "\fIFile\fR"
221 .sp
222 .ne 2
223 .na
224 \fB\fB-\fR\fIfile\fR\fR
225 .ad
226 .RS 9n
227 If the name of a \fIfile\fR is given, \fBtabs\fR reads the first line of the
228 file, searching for a format specification (see \fBfspec\fR(4)). If it finds
229 one there, it sets the tab stops according to it, otherwise it sets them as
230 \fB\(mi8\fR\&. This type of specification may be used to make sure that a
231 tabbed file is printed with correct tab settings, and would be used with the
232 \fBpr\fR command:
233 .sp
234 .in +2
235 .nf
236 example% \fBtabs -\fI file\fR; pr\fI file\fR\fR
237 .fi
238 .in -2
239 .sp
241 .RE
243 .sp
244 .LP
245 Tab and margin setting is performed via the standard output.
246 .SH OPERANDS
247 .sp
248 .LP
249 The following operand is supported:
250 .sp
251 .ne 2
252 .na
253 \fB\fIn1\fR[,\fIn2\fR,\|.\|.\|.] \fR
254 .ad
255 .RS 22n
256 The \fIarbitrary\fR format consists of tab-stop values separated by commas or
257 spaces. The tab-stop values must be positive decimal integers in ascending
258 order. Up to 40 numbers are allowed. If any number (except the first one) is
259 preceded by a plus sign, it is taken as an increment to be added to the
260 previous value. Thus, the formats \fB1\fR,\fB10\fR,\fB20\fR,\fB30\fR, and
261 \fB1\fR,\fB10\fR,\fB+10\fR,\fB+10\fR are considered identical.
262 .RE
264 .SH EXAMPLES
265 .LP
266 \fBExample 1 \fRUsing the tabs command
267 .sp
268 .LP
269 The following command is an example using \fB-code\fR ( \fIcanned\fR
270 specification) to set tabs to the settings required by the IBM assembler:
271 columns 1, 10, 16, 36, 72:
273 .sp
274 .in +2
275 .nf
276 example% \fBtabs -a\fR
277 .fi
278 .in -2
279 .sp
281 .sp
282 .LP
283 The next command is an example of using \fB-n\fR (\fIrepetitive\fR
284 specification), where \fIn\fR is \fB8\fR, causes tabs to be set every eighth
285 position: 1+(1*8), 1+(2*8), .\|.\|.\| which evaluate to columns 9,
286 17, .\|.\|.\|:
288 .sp
289 .in +2
290 .nf
291 example% \fBtabs \(mi8\fR
292 .fi
293 .in -2
294 .sp
296 .sp
297 .LP
298 This command uses \fIn1\fR,\fIn2\fR,.\|.\|.\| (\fIarbitrary\fR specification)
299 to set tabs at columns 1, 8, and 36:
301 .sp
302 .in +2
303 .nf
304 example% \fBtabs 1,8,36\fR
305 .fi
306 .in -2
307 .sp
309 .sp
310 .LP
311 The last command is an example of using \fI-file\fR (\fBfile\fR specification)
312 to indicate that tabs should be set according to the first line of
313 $\fBHOME\fR/fspec.list/att4425 (see \fBfspec\fR(4)).
315 .sp
316 .in +2
317 .nf
318 example% \fBtabs -$HOME/fspec.list/att4425\fR
319 .fi
320 .in -2
321 .sp
323 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
324 .sp
325 .LP
326 See \fBenviron\fR(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
327 that affect the execution of \fBtabs\fR: \fBLANG\fR, \fBLC_ALL\fR,
328 \fBLC_CTYPE\fR, \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR, and \fBNLSPATH\fR.
329 .sp
330 .ne 2
331 .na
332 \fB\fBTERM\fR \fR
333 .ad
334 .RS 9n
335 Determine the terminal type. If this variable is unset or null, and if the
336 \fB-T\fR option is not specified, terminal type \fBansi+tabs\fR will be used.
337 .RE
339 .SH EXIT STATUS
340 .sp
341 .LP
342 The following exit values are returned:
343 .sp
344 .ne 2
345 .na
346 \fB\fB0\fR \fR
347 .ad
348 .RS 7n
349 Successful completion.
350 .RE
352 .sp
353 .ne 2
354 .na
355 \fB\fB>0\fR \fR
356 .ad
357 .RS 7n
358 An error occurred.
359 .RE
361 .SH ATTRIBUTES
362 .sp
363 .LP
364 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
365 .sp
367 .sp
368 .TS
369 box;
370 c | c
371 l | l .
372 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
373 _
374 CSI Enabled
375 _
376 Interface Stability Standard
377 .TE
379 .SH SEE ALSO
380 .sp
381 .LP
382 \fBexpand\fR(1), \fBnewform\fR(1), \fBpr\fR(1), \fBstty\fR(1), \fBtput\fR(1),
383 \fBfspec\fR(4), \fBterminfo\fR(4), \fBattributes\fR(5), \fBenviron\fR(5),
384 \fBterm\fR(5), \fBstandards\fR(5)
385 .SH NOTES
386 .sp
387 .LP
388 There is no consistency among different terminals regarding ways of clearing
389 tabs and setting the left margin.
390 .sp
391 .LP
392 \fBtabs\fR clears only \fB20\fR tabs (on terminals requiring a long sequence),
393 but is willing to set \fB64\fR.
394 .sp
395 .LP
396 The \fItabspec\fR used with the \fBtabs\fR command is different from the one
397 used with the \fBnewform\fR command. For example, \fBtabs\fR \fB\(mi8\fR sets
398 every eighth position; whereas \fBnewform\fR \fB\(mii\(mi8\fR indicates that
399 tabs are set every eighth position.