3 HelenOS is a portable microkernel-based multiserver operating
4 system designed and implemented from scratch. It decomposes key
5 operating system functionality such as file systems, networking,
6 device drivers and graphical user interface into a collection of
7 fine-grained user space components that interact with each other
8 via message passing. A failure or crash of one component does not
9 directly harm others. HelenOS is therefore flexible, modular,
10 extensible, fault tolerant and easy to understand.
12 ![screenshot](http://www.helenos.org/raw-attachment/wiki/Screenshots/newgui-aio.png "Screenshot")
14 HelenOS aims to be compatible with the C11 and C++14 standards, but does not
15 aspire to be a clone of any existing operating system and trades compatibility
16 with legacy APIs for cleaner design. Most of HelenOS components have been made
17 to order specifically for HelenOS so that its essential parts can stay free of
18 adaptation layers, glue code, franken-components and the maintenance burden
21 * [Website](http://helenos.org)
22 * [Wiki](http://helenos.org/wiki)
23 * [Tickets](http://www.helenos.org/report/1)
24 * [How to contribute](http://www.helenos.org/wiki/HowToContribute)
28 HelenOS runs on eight different processor architectures and machines ranging
29 from embedded ARM devices and single-board computers through multicore 32-bit
30 and 64-bit desktop PCs to 64-bit Itanium and SPARC rack-mount servers.
34 ### Building the toolchain
36 In order to build HelenOS, one must first build the cross-compiler toolchain
37 (the default installation location can be overridden by specifying the
38 `CROSS_PREFIX` environment variable) by running (example for the amd64
39 architecture, further list of targets can be found in the `default` directory):
43 $ ./toolchain.sh amd64
46 The toolchain script will print a list of software packages that are required
47 for the toolchain to correctly build. Make sure you install all the dependencies.
48 Unfortunately, the script cannot install the required dependencies for you automatically
49 since the host environments are very diverse. In case the compilation of the toolchain
50 fails half way through, try to analyze the error message(s), add appropriate missing
51 dependencies and try again.
53 As an example, here are some of the packages you will need for Ubuntu 16.04:
56 $ sudo apt install build-essential wget texinfo flex bison dialog python-yaml genisoimage
59 Whereas for CentOS/Fedora, you will need:
62 # sudo dnf group install 'Development Tools'
63 # sudo dnf install wget texinfo PyYAML genisoimage flex bison
66 In case the toolchain script won't work no matter how hard you try, let us know.
67 Please supply as many relevant information (your OS and distribution, list of
68 installed packages with version information, the output of the toolchain script, etc.) as
71 ### Configuring the build
73 Since the summer of 2019, HelenOS uses the Meson build system.
74 Make sure you have a recent-enough version of Meson and Ninja.
75 The safest bet is installing both using `pip3` tool.
82 Meson does not support in-tree builds, so you have to create a directory
83 for your build. You can have as many build directories as you want, each with
84 its own configuration. `cd` into your build directory and run `configure.sh`
85 script which exists in the source root. `configure.sh` can be run with a profile
86 name, to use one of the predefined profiles, or without arguments for interactive
90 $ git clone https://github.com/HelenOS/helenos.git
91 $ mkdir -p build/amd64
93 $ ../../helenos/configure.sh amd64
96 Note: If you installed the toolchain to a custom directory, make sure `CROSS_PREFIX`
97 environment variable is correctly set.
99 Once configuration is finished, use `ninja` to build HelenOS.
100 Invoking `ninja` without arguments builds all binaries and
101 debug files, but not bootable image. This is because during
102 development, most builds are incremental and only meant to check
103 that code builds properly. In this case, the time-consuming process of
104 creating a boot image is not useful and takes most time. This behavior
105 might change in the future.
107 In case you want to rebuild the bootable image, you must invoke
108 `ninja image_path`. This also emits the name of the bootable image into the
109 file `image_path` in build directory.
116 Now HelenOS should automatically start building.
120 When you get the command line back, there should be an `image.iso` file in the build
121 root directory. If you have QEMU, you should be able to start HelenOS by running:
127 For additional information about running HelenOS, see
128 [UsersGuide/RunningInQEMU](http://www.helenos.org/wiki/UsersGuide/RunningInQEMU) or
129 [UsersGuide/RunningInVirtualBox](http://www.helenos.org/wiki/UsersGuide/RunningInVirtualBox) or
130 see the files in tools/conf.
134 There is a whole section of our wiki devoted to
135 [how to contribute to HelenOS](http://www.helenos.org/wiki/HowToContribute).
136 But to highlight the most important points, you should subscribe to
137 our mailing list and if you have an idea for contributing, discuss it
138 with us first so that we can agree upon the design.
140 Especially if you are a first time contributor, blindingly shooting
141 a pull request may result in it being closed on the grounds that it
142 does not fit well within the grand scheme of things. That would not
143 be efficient use of time.
145 Communicating early and often is the key to successful acceptance of
150 HelenOS is open source, free software. Its source code is available under
151 the BSD license. Some third-party components are licensed under GPL.