7 Network Working Group M. Swift
8 Request for Comments: 3244 University of Washington
9 Category: Informational J. Trostle
16 Microsoft Windows 2000 Kerberos Change Password
17 and Set Password Protocols
21 This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
22 not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this
27 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
31 This memo specifies Microsoft's Windows 2000 Kerberos change password
32 and set password protocols. The Windows 2000 Kerberos change
33 password protocol interoperates with the original Kerberos change
34 password protocol. Change password is a request reply protocol that
35 includes a KRB_PRIV message that contains the new password for the
40 Microsoft's Windows 2000 Kerberos change password protocol
41 interoperates with the original Kerberos change password protocol.
42 Change password is a request reply protocol that includes a KRB_PRIV
43 message that contains the new password for the user. The original
44 change password protocol does not allow an administrator to set a
45 password for a new user. This functionality is useful in some
46 environments, and this proposal extends the change password protocol
47 to allow password setting. The changes are: adding new fields to the
48 request message to indicate the principal which is having its
49 password set, not requiring the initial flag in the service ticket,
50 using a new protocol version number, and adding three new result
58 Swift, et al. Informational [Page 1]
60 RFC 3244 Microsoft Windows 2000 Kerberos Change & Set February 2002
65 The service accepts requests on UDP port 464 and TCP port 464 as
66 well. The protocol consists of a single request message followed by
67 a single reply message. For UDP transport, each message must be
68 fully contained in a single UDP packet.
70 For TCP transport, there is a 4 octet header in network byte order
71 that precedes the message and specifies the length of the message.
76 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
77 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
78 | message length | protocol version number |
79 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
80 | AP_REQ length | AP_REQ data /
81 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
83 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
85 All 16 bit fields are in big-endian order.
87 message length field: contains the number of bytes in the message
90 protocol version number: contains the hex constant 0xff80 (big-endian
93 AP-REQ length: length of AP-REQ data, in bytes. If the length is
94 zero, then the last field contains a KRB-ERROR message instead of a
97 AP-REQ data: (see [1]) The AP-REQ message must be for the service
98 principal kadmin/changepw@REALM, where REALM is the REALM of the user
99 who wishes to change/set his password. The authenticator in the AP-
100 REQ must include a subsession key. (NOTE: The subsession key must be
101 pseudo-randomly generated and must never be reused for multiple
102 authenticators.) To enable setting of passwords, it is not required
103 that the initial flag be set in the Kerberos service ticket.
105 KRB-PRIV message (see [1]) This user-data field in the KRB-PRIV
106 message is encrypted using the subkey from the authenticator in the
107 AP-REQ data. The usec and seq-number fields of the KRB_PRIV message
108 are present and have the same value as the seq-number field in the
114 Swift, et al. Informational [Page 2]
116 RFC 3244 Microsoft Windows 2000 Kerberos Change & Set February 2002
119 authenticator from the AP_REQ message (the seq-number in the
120 authenticator will be present). The server ignores the optional
121 r-address field in the KRB_PRIV message, if it is present.
123 The user-data component of the message consists of the following
124 ASN.1 structure encoded as an OCTET STRING:
126 ChangePasswdData ::= SEQUENCE {
127 newpasswd[0] OCTET STRING,
128 targname[1] PrincipalName OPTIONAL,
129 targrealm[2] Realm OPTIONAL
132 The server must verify the AP-REQ message, check whether the client
133 principal in the ticket is authorized to set/change the password
134 (either for that principal, or for the principal in the targname
135 field if present), and decrypt the new password. The server also
136 checks whether the initial flag is required for this request,
137 replying with status 0x0007 if it is not set and should be. An
138 authorization failure is cause to respond with status 0x0005. For
139 forward compatibility, the server should be prepared to ignore fields
140 after targrealm in the structure that it does not understand.
142 The newpasswd field contains the cleartext password, and the server
143 will apply any local policy checks including password policy checks.
144 The server then generates the appropriate keytypes from the password
145 and stores them in the KDC database. If all goes well, status 0x0000
146 is returned to the client in the reply message (see below).
151 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
152 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
153 | message length | protocol version number |
154 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
155 | AP_REP length | AP-REP data /
156 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
158 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
160 All 16 bit fields are in big-endian order.
162 message length field: contains the number of bytes in the message
163 including this field.
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172 RFC 3244 Microsoft Windows 2000 Kerberos Change & Set February 2002
175 protocol version number: contains the hex constant 0x0001 (big-endian
176 integer). (The reply message has the same format as the original
177 change password protocol.)
179 AP-REP length: length of AP-REP data, in bytes. If the length is
180 zero, then the last field contains a KRB-ERROR message instead of a
183 AP-REP data: the AP-REP is the response to the AP-REQ in the request
186 KRB-PRIV message: This KRB-PRIV message must be encrypted with the
187 subsession key from the authenticator in the AP-REQ data.
189 The server will respond with a KRB-PRIV message unless it cannot
190 decode the client AP-REQ or KRB-PRIV message, in which case it will
191 respond with a KRB-ERROR message. NOTE: Unlike change password
192 version 1, the KRB-ERROR message will be sent back without any
195 The user-data component of the KRB-PRIV message, or e-data component
196 of the KRB-ERROR message, consists of the following data.
199 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
200 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
201 | result code | result string /
202 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
204 result code (16 bits) (result codes 0-4 are from the original change
207 The result code must have one of the following values
208 (big-endian integer):
210 KRB5_KPASSWD_SUCCESS 0 request succeeds (This value
211 is not allowed in a KRB-ERROR
214 KRB5_KPASSWD_MALFORMED 1 request fails due to being
217 KRB5_KPASSWD_HARDERROR 2 request fails due to "hard"
218 error in processing the
219 request (for example, there
220 is a resource or other
221 problem causing the request
226 Swift, et al. Informational [Page 4]
228 RFC 3244 Microsoft Windows 2000 Kerberos Change & Set February 2002
231 KRB5_KPASSWD_AUTHERROR 3 request fails due to an error
232 in authentication processing
234 KRB5_KPASSWD_SOFTERROR 4 request fails due to a
235 "soft" error in processing
238 KRB5_KPASSWD_ACCESSDENIED 5 requestor not authorized
240 KRB5_KPASSWD_BAD_VERSION 6 protocol version unsupported
242 KRB5_KPASSWD_INITIAL_FLAG_NEEDED 7 initial flag required
244 0xFFFF is returned if the request fails for some other reason.
245 Although only a few non-zero result codes are specified here, the
246 client should accept any non-zero result code as indicating
251 This field contains information which might be useful to the user,
252 such as feedback about policy failures. The string is encoded in
253 UTF-8. It may be omitted if the server does not wish to include
254 it. If it is present, the client will display the string to the
257 3. Security Considerations
259 Password policies should be enforced to make sure that users do not
260 pick passwords (for change password) that are vulnerable to brute
261 force password guessing attacks. An administrator who is authorized
262 to set other principal's passwords is highly trusted and must also
263 carefully protect his/her own credentials.
267 [1] Kohl, J. and C. Neuman, "The Kerberos Network Authentication
268 Service (V5)", RFC 1510, September 1993.
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284 RFC 3244 Microsoft Windows 2000 Kerberos Change & Set February 2002
287 5. Authors' Addresses
290 University of Washington
293 EMail: mikesw@cs.washington.edu
301 EMail: john3725@world.std.com
309 EMail: jbrezak@microsoft.com
338 Swift, et al. Informational [Page 6]
340 RFC 3244 Microsoft Windows 2000 Kerberos Change & Set February 2002
343 6. Full Copyright Statement
345 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
347 This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
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354 the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
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373 Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
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