3 [[https://www.gnu.org/software/guix/][GNU Guix]] (IPA: /ɡiːks/) is a purely functional package manager, and
4 associated free software distribution, for the [[https://www.gnu.org/gnu/gnu.html][GNU system]]. In addition
5 to standard package management features, Guix supports transactional
6 upgrades and roll-backs, unprivileged package management, per-user
7 profiles, and garbage collection.
9 It provides [[https://www.gnu.org/software/guile/][Guile]] Scheme APIs, including a high-level embedded
10 domain-specific languages (EDSLs) to describe how packages are to be
13 A user-land free software distribution for GNU/Linux comes as part of
16 Guix is based on the [[https://nixos.org/nix/][Nix]] package manager.
21 GNU Guix currently depends on the following packages:
23 - [[https://gnu.org/software/guile/][GNU Guile 2.2.x or 2.0.x]], version 2.0.9 or later
24 - [[https://gnupg.org/][GNU libgcrypt]]
25 - [[https://www.gnu.org/software/make/][GNU Make]]
26 - optionally [[https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/guile-json/][Guile-JSON]], for the 'guix import pypi' command
27 - optionally [[https://www.gnutls.org][GnuTLS]] compiled with guile support enabled, for HTTPS support
28 in the 'guix download' command. Note that 'guix import pypi' requires
31 Unless `--disable-daemon' was passed, the following packages are needed:
33 - [[https://sqlite.org/][SQLite 3]]
34 - [[http://www.bzip.org][libbz2]]
35 - [[https://gcc.gnu.org][GCC's g++]]
37 When `--disable-daemon' was passed, you instead need the following:
39 - [[https://nixos.org/nix/][Nix]]
43 See the manual for the installation instructions, either by running
45 info -f doc/guix.info "Installation"
47 or by checking the [[https://www.gnu.org/software/guix/manual/guix.html#Installation][web copy of the manual]].
49 For information on installation from a Git checkout, please see the section
50 "Building from Git" in the manual.
52 * Installing Guix from Guix
54 You can re-build and re-install Guix using a system that already runs Guix.
57 - Start a shell with the development environment for Guix:
61 - Re-run the 'configure' script passing it the option
62 '--localstatedir=/somewhere', where '/somewhere' is the 'localstatedir'
63 value of the currently installed Guix (failing to do that would lead the
64 new Guix to consider the store to be empty!).
66 - Run "make", "make check", and "make install".
70 Guix does the high-level preparation of a /derivation/. A derivation is
71 the promise of a build; it is stored as a text file under
72 =/gnu/store/xxx.drv=. The (guix derivations) module provides the
73 `derivation' primitive, as well as higher-level wrappers such as
74 `build-expression->derivation'.
76 Guix does remote procedure calls (RPCs) to the Guix or Nix daemon (the
77 =guix-daemon= or =nix-daemon= command), which in turn performs builds
78 and accesses to the Nix store on its behalf. The RPCs are implemented
79 in the (guix store) module.
81 * Installing Guix as non-root
83 The Guix daemon allows software builds to be performed under alternate
84 user accounts, which are normally created specifically for this
85 purpose. For instance, you may have a pool of accounts in the
86 =guixbuild= group, and then you can instruct =guix-daemon= to use them
89 $ guix-daemon --build-users-group=guixbuild
91 However, unless it is run as root, =guix-daemon= cannot switch users.
92 In that case, it falls back to using a setuid-root helper program call
93 =nix-setuid-helper=. That program is not setuid-root by default when
94 you install it; instead you should run a command along these lines
95 (assuming Guix is installed under /usr/local):
97 # chown root.root /usr/local/libexec/nix-setuid-helper
98 # chmod 4755 /usr/local/libexec/nix-setuid-helper
102 GNU Guix is hosted at https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/guix/.
104 Please email <bug-guix@gnu.org> for bug reports or questions regarding
105 Guix and its distribution; email <gnu-system-discuss@gnu.org> for
106 general issues regarding the GNU system.
108 Join #guix on irc.freenode.net.
112 GNU Guix is based on [[https://nixos.org/nix/][the Nix package manager]]. It implements the same
113 package deployment paradigm, and in fact it reuses some of its code.
114 Yet, different engineering decisions were made for Guix, as described
117 Nix is really two things: a package build tool, implemented by a library
118 and daemon, and a special-purpose programming language. GNU Guix relies
119 on the former, but uses Scheme as a replacement for the latter.
121 Using Scheme instead of a specific language allows us to get all the
122 features and tooling that come with Guile (compiler, debugger, REPL,
123 Unicode, libraries, etc.) And it means that we have a general-purpose
124 language, on top of which we can have embedded domain-specific languages
125 (EDSLs), such as the one used to define packages. This broadens what
126 can be done in package recipes themselves, and what can be done around them.
128 Technically, Guix makes remote procedure calls to the ‘nix-worker’
129 daemon to perform operations on the store. At the lowest level, Nix
130 “derivations” represent promises of a build, stored in ‘.drv’ files in
131 the store. Guix produces such derivations, which are then interpreted
132 by the daemon to perform the build. Thus, Guix derivations can use
133 derivations produced by Nix (and vice versa).
135 With Nix and the [[https://nixos.org/nixpkgs][Nixpkgs]] distribution, package composition happens at
136 the Nix language level, but builders are usually written in Bash.
137 Conversely, Guix encourages the use of Scheme for both package
138 composition and builders. Likewise, the core functionality of Nix is
139 written in C++ and Perl; Guix relies on some of the original C++ code,
140 but exposes all the API as Scheme.
144 - [[https://nixos.org][Nix, Nixpkgs, and NixOS]], functional package manager and associated
145 software distribution, are the inspiration of Guix
146 - [[https://www.gnu.org/software/stow/][GNU Stow]] builds around the idea of one directory per prefix, and a
147 symlink tree to create user environments
148 - [[https://www.pvv.ntnu.no/~arnej/store/storedoc_6.html][STORE]] shares the same idea
149 - [[https://live.gnome.org/OSTree/][GNOME's OSTree]] allows bootable system images to be built from a
150 specified set of packages
151 - The [[https://www.gnu.org/s/gsrc/][GNU Source Release Collection]] (GSRC) is a user-land software
152 distribution; unlike Guix, it relies on core tools available on the