6 Intended status: Informational August 25, 2006
7 Expires: February 26, 2007
10 The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism
11 draft-ietf-sasl-gssapi-07
15 By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
16 applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
17 have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
18 aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.
20 Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
21 Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
22 other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
25 Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
26 and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
27 time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
28 material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
30 The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
31 http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.
33 The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
34 http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
36 This Internet-Draft will expire on February 26, 2007.
40 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
44 The Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL, RFC 4422) is a
45 framework for adding authentication support to connection-based
46 protocols. This document describes the method for using the Generic
47 Security Service Application Program Interface (GSS-API) Kerberos V5
50 This document replaces section 7.2 of RFC 2222, the definition of the
51 "GSSAPI" SASL mechanism.
55 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 1]
57 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
62 1. Conventions Used in this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
63 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
64 2.1. Relationship to Other Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
65 3. Kerberos V5 GSS-API mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
66 3.1. Client side of authentication protocol exchange . . . . . 3
67 3.2. Server side of authentication protocol exchange . . . . . 5
68 3.3. Security layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
69 4. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
70 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
71 6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
72 7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
73 7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
74 7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
75 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
76 Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 10
111 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 2]
113 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
116 1. Conventions Used in this Document
118 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", and "MAY"
119 in this document are to be interpreted as defined in "Key words for
120 use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels" [KEYWORDS].
125 This specification documents currently deployed Simple Authentication
126 and Security Layer (SASL [SASL]) mechanism supporting the Kerberos V5
127 [KERBEROS] Generic Security Service Application Program Interface
128 ([GSS-API]) mechanism [RFC4121]. The authentication sequence is
129 described in Section 3. Note that the described authentication
130 sequence has known limitations in particular it lacks channel
131 bindings and the number of round trips required to complete
132 authentication exchange is not minimal. SASL WG is working on a
133 separate document that should address these limitations.
135 2.1. Relationship to Other Documents
137 This document, together with RFC 4422, obsoletes RFC 2222 in its
138 entirety. This document replaces Section 7.2 of RFC 2222. The
139 remainder is obsoleted as detailed in Section 1.2 of RFC 4422.
142 3. Kerberos V5 GSS-API mechanism
144 The SASL mechanism name for the Kerberos V5 GSS-API mechanism
145 [RFC4121] is "GSSAPI". Though known as the SASL GSSAPI mechanism,
146 the mechanism is specifically tied to Kerberos V5 and GSS-API's
147 Kerberos V5 mechanism.
149 The GSSAPI SASL mechanism is a "client goes first" SASL mechanism,
150 i.e. it starts with the client sending a "response" created as
151 described in the following section.
153 The implementation MAY set any GSS-API flags or arguments not
154 mentioned in this specification as is necessary for the
155 implementation to enforce its security policy.
157 3.1. Client side of authentication protocol exchange
159 The client calls GSS_Init_sec_context, passing in
160 input_context_handle of 0 (initially), mech_type of the Kerberos V5
161 GSS-API mechanism [KRB5GSS], chan_binding of NULL, and targ_name
162 equal to output_name from GSS_Import_Name called with input_name_type
163 of GSS_C_NT_HOSTBASED_SERVICE (*) and input_name_string of
167 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 3]
169 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
172 "service@hostname" where "service" is the service name specified in
173 the protocol's profile, and "hostname" is the fully qualified host
174 name of the server. When calling the GSS_Init_sec_context the client
175 MUST pass the integ_req_flag of TRUE. If the client will be
176 requesting a security layer, it MUST also supply to the
177 GSS_Init_sec_context a mutual_req_flag of TRUE, and a
178 sequence_req_flag of TRUE. If the client will be requesting a
179 security layer providing confidentiality protection, it MUST also
180 supply to the GSS_Init_sec_context a conf_req_flag of TRUE. The
181 client then responds with the resulting output_token. If
182 GSS_Init_sec_context returns GSS_S_CONTINUE_NEEDED, then the client
183 should expect the server to issue a token in a subsequent challenge.
184 The client must pass the token to another call to
185 GSS_Init_sec_context, repeating the actions in this paragraph.
187 (*) - Clients MAY use name types other than
188 GSS_C_NT_HOSTBASED_SERVICE to import servers' acceptor names, but
189 only when they have a priori knowledge that the servers support
190 alternate name types. Otherwise clients MUST use
191 GSS_C_NT_HOSTBASED_SERVICE for importing acceptor names.
193 When GSS_Init_sec_context returns GSS_S_COMPLETE, the client examines
194 the context to ensure that it provides a level of protection
195 permitted by the client's security policy. If the context is
196 acceptable, the client takes the following actions: If the last call
197 to GSS_Init_sec_context returned an output_token, then the client
198 responds with the output_token, otherwise the client responds with no
199 data. The client should then expect the server to issue a token in a
200 subsequent challenge. The client passes this token to GSS_Unwrap and
201 interprets the first octet of resulting cleartext as a bit-mask
202 specifying the security layers supported by the server and the second
203 through fourth octets as the maximum size output_message the server
204 is able to receive (in network byte order). If the resulting
205 cleartext is not 4 octets long, the client fails the negotiation.
206 The client verifies that the server maximum buffer is 0 if the server
207 doesn't advertise support for any security layer. The client then
208 constructs data, with the first octet containing the bit-mask
209 specifying the selected security layer, the second through fourth
210 octets containing in network byte order the maximum size
211 output_message the client is able to receive (which MUST be 0 if the
212 client doesn't support any security layer), and the remaining octets
213 containing the UTF-8 [UTF8] encoded authorization identity.
214 (Implementation note: the authorization identity is not terminated
215 with the zero-valued (%x00) octet (e.g., the UTF-8 encoding of the
216 NUL (U+0000) character)). The client passes the data to GSS_Wrap
217 with conf_flag set to FALSE, and responds with the generated
218 output_message. The client can then consider the server
223 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 4]
225 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
228 3.2. Server side of authentication protocol exchange
230 A server MUST NOT advertise support for the "GSSAPI" SASL mechanism
231 described in this document unless it has acceptor credential for the
232 Kerberos V GSS-API Mechanism [KRB5GSS].
234 The server passes the initial client response to
235 GSS_Accept_sec_context as input_token, setting input_context_handle
236 to 0 (initially), chan_binding of NULL, and a suitable
237 acceptor_cred_handle (see below). If GSS_Accept_sec_context returns
238 GSS_S_CONTINUE_NEEDED, the server returns the generated output_token
239 to the client in challenge and passes the resulting response to
240 another call to GSS_Accept_sec_context, repeating the actions in this
243 Servers SHOULD use a credential obtained by calling GSS_Acquire_cred
244 or GSS_Add_cred for the GSS_C_NO_NAME desired_name and the OID of the
245 Kerberos V5 GSS-API mechanism [KRB5GSS](*). Servers MAY use
246 GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL as an acceptor credential handle. Servers MAY
247 use a credential obtained by calling GSS_Acquire_cred or GSS_Add_cred
248 for the server's principal name(s) (**) and the Kerberos V5 GSS-API
251 (*) - Unlike GSS_Add_cred the GSS_Acquire_cred uses an OID set of
252 GSS-API mechanism as an input parameter. The OID set can be created
253 by using GSS_Create_empty_OID_set and GSS_Add_OID_set_member. It can
254 be freed by calling the GSS_Release_oid_set.
256 (**) - Use of server's principal names having
257 GSS_C_NT_HOSTBASED_SERVICE name type and "service@hostname" format,
258 where "service" is the service name specified in the protocol's
259 profile, is RECOMMENDED.
261 Upon successful establishment of the security context (i.e.
262 GSS_Accept_sec_context returns GSS_S_COMPLETE) the server SHOULD
263 verify that the negotiated GSS-API mechanism is indeed Kerberos V5
264 [KRB5GSS]. This is done by examining the value of the mech_type
265 parameter returned from the GSS_Accept_sec_context call. If the
266 value differ SASL authentication MUST be aborted.
268 Upon successful establishment of the security context and if the
269 server used GSS_C_NO_NAME/GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL to create acceptor
270 credential handle, the server SHOULD also check using the
271 GSS_Inquire_context that the target_name used by the client matches
279 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 5]
281 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
284 - the GSS_C_NT_HOSTBASED_SERVICE "service@hostname" name syntax,
285 where "service" is the service name specified in the application
290 - the GSS_KRB5_NT_PRINCIPAL_NAME [KRB5GSS] name syntax for a two-
291 component principal where the first component matches the service
292 name specified in the application protocol's profile.
294 When GSS_Accept_sec_context returns GSS_S_COMPLETE, the server
295 examines the context to ensure that it provides a level of protection
296 permitted by the server's security policy. If the context is
297 acceptable, the server takes the following actions: If the last call
298 to GSS_Accept_sec_context returned an output_token, the server
299 returns it to the client in a challenge and expects a reply from the
300 client with no data. Whether or not an output_token was returned
301 (and after receipt of any response from the client to such an
302 output_token), the server then constructs 4 octets of data, with the
303 first octet containing a bit-mask specifying the security layers
304 supported by the server and the second through fourth octets
305 containing in network byte order the maximum size output_token the
306 server is able to receive (which MUST be 0 if the server doesn't
307 support any security layer). The server must then pass the plaintext
308 to GSS_Wrap with conf_flag set to FALSE and issue the generated
309 output_message to the client in a challenge. The server must then
310 pass the resulting response to GSS_Unwrap and interpret the first
311 octet of resulting cleartext as the bit-mask for the selected
312 security layer, the second through fourth octets as the maximum size
313 output_message the client is able to receive (in network byte order),
314 and the remaining octets as the authorization identity. The server
315 verifies that the client has selected a security layer that was
316 offered, and that the client maximum buffer is 0 if no security layer
317 was chosen. The server must verify that the src_name is authorized
318 to act as the authorization identity. After these verifications, the
319 authentication process is complete. The server is not expected to
320 return any additional data with the success indicator.
324 The security layers and their corresponding bit-masks are as follows:
327 2 Integrity protection.
328 Sender calls GSS_Wrap with conf_flag set to FALSE
329 4 Confidentiality protection.
330 Sender calls GSS_Wrap with conf_flag set to TRUE
335 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 6]
337 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
340 Other bit-masks may be defined in the future; bits which are not
341 understood must be negotiated off.
343 Note that SASL negotiates the maximum size of the output_message to
344 send. Implementations can use the GSS_Wrap_size_limit call to
345 determine the corresponding maximum size input_message.
348 4. IANA Considerations
350 The IANA is directed to modify the existing registration for "GSSAPI"
353 Family of SASL mechanisms: NO
355 SASL mechanism name: GSSAPI
357 Security considerations: See Section 5 of RFC [THIS-DOC]
359 Published Specification: RFC [THIS-DOC]
361 Person & email address to contact for further information: Alexey
362 Melnikov <Alexey.Melnikov@isode.com>
364 Intended usage: COMMON
366 Owner/Change controller: iesg@ietf.org
368 Additional Information: This mechanism is for the Kerberos V5
369 mechanism of GSS-API.
372 5. Security Considerations
374 Security issues are discussed throughout this memo.
376 When constructing the input_name_string, the client SHOULD NOT
377 canonicalize the server's fully qualified domain name using an
378 insecure or untrusted directory service.
380 For compatibility with deployed software this document requires that
381 the chan_binding (channel bindings) parameter to GSS_Init_sec_context
382 and GSS_Accept_sec_context be NULL, hence disallowing use of GSS-API
383 support for channel bindings. GSS-API channel bindings in SASL is
384 expected to be supported via a new GSS-API family of SASL mechanisms
385 (to be introduced in a future document).
387 Additional security considerations are in the [SASL] and [GSS-API]
391 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 7]
393 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
396 specifications. Additional security considerations for the GSS-API
397 mechanism can be found in [KRB5GSS] and [KERBEROS].
402 This document replaces section 7.2 of RFC 2222 [RFC2222] by John G.
403 Myers. He also contributed significantly to this revision.
405 Lawrence Greenfield converted text of this draft to the XML format.
407 Contributions of many members of the SASL mailing list are gratefully
408 acknowledged, in particular comments from Chris Newman, Nicolas
409 Williams and Jeffrey Hutzelman.
414 7.1. Normative References
416 [GSS-API] Linn, J., "Generic Security Service Application Program
417 Interface Version 2, Update 1", RFC 2743, January 2000.
420 Neuman, C., Yu, T., Hartman, S., and K. Raeburn, "The
421 Kerberos Network Authentication Service (V5)", RFC 4120,
425 Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
426 Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
428 [KRB5GSS] Linn, J., "The Kerberos Version 5 GSS-API Mechanism",
431 [RFC4121] Zhu, L., Jaganathan, K., and S. Hartman, "The Kerberos
432 Version 5 Generic Security Service Application Program
433 Interface (GSS-API) Mechanism: Version 2", RFC 4121,
436 [SASL] Melnikov, A. and K. Zeilenga, "Simple Authentication and
437 Security Layer (SASL)", RFC 4422, June 2006.
439 [UTF8] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO
440 10646", RFC 3629, November 2003.
447 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 8]
449 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
452 7.2. Informative References
454 [RFC2222] Myers, J., "Simple Authentication and Security Layer
455 (SASL)", RFC 2222, October 1997.
460 Alexey Melnikov (editor)
462 5 Castle Business Village
464 Hampton, Middlesex TW12 2BX
467 Email: Alexey.Melnikov@isode.com
468 URI: http://www.melnikov.ca/
503 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 9]
505 Internet-Draft The Kerberos V5 ("GSSAPI") SASL mechanism August 2006
508 Full Copyright Statement
510 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
512 This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
513 contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
514 retain all their rights.
516 This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
517 "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
518 OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET
519 ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
520 INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
521 INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
522 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
525 Intellectual Property
527 The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
528 Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
529 pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
530 this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
531 might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
532 made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information
533 on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
534 found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
536 Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
537 assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
538 attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
539 such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
540 specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
541 http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
543 The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
544 copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
545 rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
546 this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at
552 Funding for the RFC Editor function is provided by the IETF
553 Administrative Support Activity (IASA).
559 Melnikov Expires February 26, 2007 [Page 10]