7 Network Working Group S. Santesson
8 Request for Comments: 3039 AddTrust
9 Category: Standards Track W. Polk
18 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure
19 Qualified Certificates Profile
23 This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
24 Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
25 improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
26 Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
27 and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
31 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2001). All Rights Reserved.
35 This document forms a certificate profile for Qualified Certificates,
36 based on RFC 2459, for use in the Internet. The term Qualified
37 Certificate is used to describe a certificate with a certain
38 qualified status within applicable governing law. Further, Qualified
39 Certificates are issued exclusively to physical persons.
41 The goal of this document is to define a general syntax independent
42 of local legal requirements. The profile is however designed to
43 allow further profiling in order to meet specific local needs.
45 It is important to note that the profile does not define any legal
46 requirements for Qualified Certificates.
48 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
49 "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
50 document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
58 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 1]
60 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
65 1 Introduction ................................................ 2
66 2 Requirements and Assumptions ................................ 3
67 2.1 Properties ................................................ 4
68 2.2 Statement of Purpose ...................................... 5
69 2.3 Policy Issues ............................................. 5
70 2.4 Uniqueness of names ....................................... 5
71 3 Certificate and Certificate Extensions Profile .............. 6
72 3.1 Basic Certificate Fields .................................. 6
73 3.1.1 Issuer .................................................. 6
74 3.1.2 Subject ................................................. 6
75 3.2 Certificate Extensions .................................... 9
76 3.2.1 Subject Directory Attributes ............................ 9
77 3.2.2 Certificate Policies .................................... 10
78 3.2.3 Key Usage ............................................... 10
79 3.2.4 Biometric Information ................................... 11
80 3.2.5 Qualified Certificate Statements ........................ 12
81 4 Security Considerations ..................................... 14
82 5 References .................................................. 15
83 6 Intellectual Property Rights ................................ 16
84 A ASN.1 definitions ........................................... 17
85 A.1 1988 ASN.1 Module ......................................... 17
86 A.2 1993 ASN.1 Module ......................................... 19
87 B A Note on Attributes ........................................ 24
88 C. Example Certificate ........................................ 24
89 C.1 ASN.1 Structure ........................................... 25
90 C.1.1 Extensions ............................................... 25
91 C.1.2 The certificate .......................................... 27
92 C.2 ASN.1 Dump ................................................ 29
93 C.3 DER-encoding .............................................. 32
94 C.4 CA's public key ........................................... 33
95 Authors' Addresses ............................................. 34
96 Full Copyright Statement ....................................... 35
100 This specification is one part of a family of standards for the X.509
101 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) for the Internet. It is based on RFC
102 2459, which defines underlying certificate formats and semantics
103 needed for a full implementation of this standard.
105 The standard profiles the format for a specific type of certificates
106 named Qualified Certificates. The term Qualified Certificates and
107 the assumptions that affects the scope of this document are discussed
114 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 2]
116 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
119 Section 3 defines requirements on information content in Qualified
120 Certificates. This profile addresses two fields in the basic
121 certificate as well as five certificate extensions. The certificate
122 fields are the subject and issuer fields. The certificate extensions
123 are subject directory attributes, certificate policies, key usage, a
124 private extension for storage of biometric data and a private
125 extension for storage of statements related to Qualified
126 Certificates. The private extensions are presented in the 1993
127 Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1), but in conformance with RFC
128 2459 the 1988 ASN.1 module in Appendix A contains all normative
129 definitions (the 1993 module in Appendix A is informative).
131 In Section 4, some security considerations are discussed in order to
132 clarify the security context in which Qualified Certificates are
133 assumed to be utilized. Section 5 contains the references.
135 Appendix A contains all relevant ASN.1 [X.680] structures that are
136 not already defined in RFC 2459. Appendix B contains a note on
137 attributes. Appendix C contains an example certificate. Appendix D
138 contains authors' addresses and Appendix E contains the IETF
141 It should be noted that this specification does not define the
142 specific semantics of Qualified Certificates, and does not define the
143 policies that should be used with them. That is, this document
144 defines what information should go into Qualified Certificates, but
145 not what that information means. A system that uses Qualified
146 Certificates must define its own semantics for the information in
147 Qualified Certificates. It is expected that laws and corporate
148 policies will make these definitions.
150 2 Requirements and Assumptions
152 The term "Qualified Certificate" has been used by the European
153 Commission to describe a certain type of certificates with specific
154 relevance for European legislation. This specification is intended
155 to support this class of certificates, but its scope is not limited
158 Within this standard the term "Qualified Certificate" is used more
159 generally, describing the format for a certificate whose primary
160 purpose is identifying a person with high level of assurance in
161 public non-repudiation services. The actual mechanisms that will
162 decide whether a certificate should or should not be considered to be
163 a "Qualified Certificate" in regard to any legislation are outside
164 the scope of this standard.
170 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 3]
172 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
175 Harmonization in the field of Qualified Certificates is essential
176 within several aspects that fall outside the scope of RFC 2459. The
177 most important aspects that affect the scope of this specification
180 - Definition of names and identity information in order to identify
181 the associated subject in a uniform way.
183 - Definition of information which identifies the CA and the
184 jurisdiction under which the CA operates when issuing a particular
187 - Definition of key usage extension usage for Qualified
190 - Definition of information structure for storage of biometric
193 - Definition of a standardized way to store predefined statements
194 with relevance for Qualified Certificates.
196 - Requirements for critical extensions.
200 A Qualified Certificate as defined in this standard is assumed to
201 have the following properties:
203 - The certificate is issued by a CA that makes a public statement
204 that the certificate serves the purpose of a Qualified
205 Certificate, as discussed in Section 2.2
207 - The certificate indicates a certificate policy consistent with
208 liabilities, practices and procedures undertaken by the CA, as
211 - The certificate is issued to a natural person (living human
214 - The certificate contains an identity based on a pseudonym or a
215 real name of the subject.
226 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 4]
228 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
231 2.2 Statement of Purpose
233 For a certificate to serve the purpose of being a Qualified
234 Certificate, this profile assumes that the CA will have to include in
235 the certificate information that explicitly defines this intent.
237 The function of this information is thus to assist any concerned
238 entity in evaluating the risk associated with creating or accepting
239 signatures that are based on a Qualified Certificate.
241 This profile defines two complementary ways to include this
244 - As information defined by a certificate policy included in the
245 certificate policies extension, and
247 - As a statement included in the Qualified Certificates Statements
252 Certain policy aspects define the context in which this profile is to
253 be understood and used. It is however outside the scope of this
254 profile to specify any policies or legal aspects that will govern
255 services that issue or utilize certificates according to this
258 It is however assumed that the issuing CA will undertake to follow a
259 publicly available certificate policy that is consistent with its
260 liabilities, practices and procedures.
262 2.4 Uniqueness of names
264 Distinguished name is originally defined in X.501 [X.501] as a
265 representation of a directory name, defined as a construct that
266 identifies a particular object from among the set of all objects. An
267 object can be assigned a distinguished name without being represented
268 by an entry in the Directory, but this name is then the name its
269 object entry could have had if it were represented in the Directory.
270 In the context of qualified certificates, a distinguished name
271 denotes a set of attribute values [X.501] which forms a name that is
272 unambiguous within a certain domain that forms either a real or a
273 virtual DIT (Directory Information Tree)[X.501]. In the case of
274 subject names the domain is assumed to be at least the issuing domain
275 of the CA. The distinguished name MUST be unique for each subject
276 entity certified by the one CA as defined by the issuer name field,
277 during the whole life time of the CA.
282 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 5]
284 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
287 3 Certificate and Certificate Extensions Profile
289 This section defines a profile for Qualified Certificates. The
290 profile is based on the Internet certificate profile RFC 2459 which
291 in turn is based on the X.509 version 3 format. For full
292 implementation of this section implementers are REQUIRED to consult
293 the underlying formats and semantics defined in RFC 2459.
295 ASN.1 definitions relevant for this section that are not supplied by
296 RFC 2459 are supplied in Appendix A.
298 3.1 Basic Certificate Fields
300 This specification provides additional details regarding the contents
301 of two fields in the basic certificate. These fields are the issuer
306 The issuer field SHALL identify the organization responsible for
307 issuing the certificate. The name SHOULD be an officially registered
308 name of the organization.
310 The identity of the issuer SHALL be specified using an appropriate
311 subset of the following attributes:
320 Additional attributes MAY be present but they SHOULD NOT be necessary
321 to identify the issuing organization.
323 Attributes present in the issuer field SHOULD be consistent with the
324 laws under which the issuer operates.
326 A relying party MAY have to consult associated certificate policies
327 and/or the issuer's CPS, in order to determine the semantics of name
328 fields and the laws under which the issuer operates.
332 The subject field of a certificate compliant with this profile SHALL
333 contain a distinguished name of the subject (see 2.4 for definition
334 of distinguished name).
338 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 6]
340 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
343 The subject field SHALL contain an appropriate subset of the
344 following attributes:
353 organizationalUnitName;
358 Other attributes may be present but MUST NOT be necessary to
359 distinguish the subject name from other subject names within the
362 Of these attributes, the subject field SHALL include at least one of
367 Choice III: pseudonym
369 The countryName attribute value specifies a general context in which
370 other attributes are to be understood. The country attribute does
371 not necessarily indicate the subject's country of citizenship or
372 country of residence, nor does it have to indicate the country of
375 Note: Many X.500 implementations require the presence of countryName
376 in the DIT. In cases where the subject name, as specified in the
377 subject field, specifies a public X.500 directory entry, the
378 countryName attribute SHOULD always be present.
380 The commonName attribute value SHALL, when present, contain a name of
381 the subject. This MAY be in the subject's preferred presentation
382 format, or a format preferred by the CA, or some other format.
383 Pseudonyms, nicknames and names with spelling other than defined by
384 the registered name MAY be used. To understand the nature of the
385 name presented in commonName, complying applications MAY have to
386 examine present values of the givenName and surname attributes, or
387 the pseudonym attribute.
394 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 7]
396 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
399 Note: Many client implementations presuppose the presence of the
400 commonName attribute value in the subject field and use this value to
401 display the subject's name regardless of present givenName, surname
402 or pseudonym attribute values.
404 The surname and givenName attribute types SHALL, if present, contain
405 the registered name of the subject, in accordance with the laws under
406 which the CA prepares the certificate. These attributes SHALL be
407 used in the subject field if the commonName attribute is not present.
408 In cases where the subject only has a single name registered, the
409 givenName attribute SHALL be used and the surname attribute SHALL be
412 The pseudonym attribute type SHALL, if present, contain a pseudonym
413 of the subject. Use of the pseudonym attribute MUST NOT be combined
414 with use of any of the attributes surname and/or givenName.
416 The serialNumber attribute type SHALL, when present, be used to
417 differentiate between names where the subject field would otherwise
418 be identical. This attribute has no defined semantics beyond
419 ensuring uniqueness of subject names. It MAY contain a number or
420 code assigned by the CA or an identifier assigned by a government or
421 civil authority. It is the CA's responsibility to ensure that the
422 serialNumber is sufficient to resolve any subject name collisions.
424 The organizationName and the organizationalUnitName attribute types
425 SHALL, when present, be used to store the name and relevant
426 information of an organization with which the subject is associated.
427 The type of association between the organization and the subject is
428 beyond the scope of this document.
430 The postalAddress, the stateOrProvinceName and the localityName
431 attribute types SHALL, when present, be used to store address and
432 geographical information with which the subject is associated. If an
433 organizationName value also is present then the postalAddress,
434 stateOrProvinceName and localityName attribute values SHALL be
435 associated with the specified organization. The type of association
436 between the postalAddress, stateOrProvinceName and the localityName
437 and either the subject or the organizationName is beyond the scope of
440 Compliant implementations SHALL be able to interpret the attributes
441 named in this section.
450 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 8]
452 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
455 3.2 Certificate Extensions
457 This specification provides additional details regarding the contents
458 of five certificate extensions. These extensions are the subject
459 directory attributes, certificate policies, key usage, private
460 extension for biometric information and private extension for
461 Qualified Certificate statements.
463 3.2.1 Subject Directory Attributes
465 The subjectDirectoryAttributes extension MAY contain additional
466 attributes, associated with the subject, as complement to present
467 information in the subject field and the subject alternative name
470 Attributes suitable for storage in this extension are attributes,
471 which are not part of the subject's distinguished name, but which MAY
472 still be useful for other purposes (e.g., authorization).
474 This extension MUST NOT be marked critical.
476 Compliant implementations SHALL be able to interpret the following
483 countryOfCitizenship; and
486 Other attributes MAY be included according to local definitions.
488 The title attribute type SHALL, when present, be used to store a
489 designated position or function of the subject within the
490 organization specified by present organizational attributes in the
491 subject field. The association between the title, the subject and
492 the organization is beyond the scope of this document.
494 The dateOfBirth attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of
495 the date of birth of the subject. The manner in which the date of
496 birth is associated with the subject is outside the scope of this
499 The placeOfBirth attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of
500 the place of birth of the subject. The manner in which the place of
501 birth is associated with the subject is outside the scope of this
506 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 9]
508 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
511 The gender attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of the
512 gender of the subject. For females the value "F" (or "f") and for
513 males the value "M" (or "m") have to be used. The manner in which
514 the gender is associated with the subject is outside the scope of
517 The countryOfCitizenship attribute SHALL, when present, contain the
518 identifier of at least one of the subject's claimed countries of
519 citizenship at the time that the certificate was issued. If the
520 subject is a citizen of more than one country, more than one country
521 MAY be present. Determination of citizenship is a matter of law and
522 is outside the scope of this document.
524 The countryOfResidence attribute SHALL, when present, contain the
525 value of at least one country in which the subject is resident. If
526 the subject is a resident of more than one country, more than one
527 country MAY be present. Determination of residence is a matter of
528 law and is outside the scope of this document.
530 3.2.2 Certificate Policies
532 The certificate policies extension SHALL contain the identifier of at
533 least one certificate policy which reflects the practices and
534 procedures undertaken by the CA. The certificate policy extension
535 MAY be marked critical.
537 Information provided by the issuer stating the purpose of the
538 certificate as discussed in Section 2.2 SHOULD be evident through
541 The certificate policies extension SHOULD include all policy
542 information needed for validation of the certificate. If policy
543 information is included in the QCStatements extension (see 3.2.5),
544 then this information SHOULD also be defined by indicated policies.
546 Certificate policies MAY be combined with any qualifier defined in
551 The key usage extension SHALL be present. If the key usage
552 nonRepudiation bit is asserted then it SHOULD NOT be combined with
553 any other key usage , i.e., if set, the key usage non-repudiation
554 SHOULD be set exclusively.
556 The key usage extension MAY be marked critical.
562 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 10]
564 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
567 3.2.4 Biometric Information
569 This section defines an extension for storage of biometric
570 information. Biometric information is stored in the form of a hash
571 of a biometric template.
573 The purpose of this extension is to provide means for authentication
574 of biometric information. The biometric information that corresponds
575 to the stored hash is not stored in this extension, but the extension
576 MAY include an URI pointing to a location where this information can
577 be obtained. If included, this URI does not imply that this is the
578 only way to access this information.
580 It is RECOMMENDED that biometric information in this extension is
581 limited to information types suitable for human verification, i.e.,
582 where the decision of whether the information is an accurate
583 representation of the subject is naturally performed by a person.
584 This implies a usage where the biometric information is represented
585 by, for example, a graphical image displayed to the relying party,
586 which MAY be used by the relying party to enhance identification of
589 This extension MUST NOT be marked critical.
591 biometricInfo EXTENSION ::= {
592 SYNTAX BiometricSyntax
593 IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-biometricInfo }
595 id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {id-pe 2}
597 BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData
599 BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE {
600 typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData,
601 hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
602 biometricDataHash OCTET STRING,
603 sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL }
605 TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE {
606 predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType,
607 biometricDataID OBJECT IDENTIFIER }
609 PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER { picture(0),
610 handwritten-signature(1)} (picture|handwritten-signature,...)
618 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 11]
620 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
623 The predefined biometric type picture, when present, SHALL identify
624 that the source picture is in the form of a displayable graphical
625 image of the subject. The hash of the graphical image SHALL only be
626 calculated over the image data excluding any labels defining the
629 The predefined biometric type handwritten-signature, when present,
630 SHALL identify that the source data is in the form of a displayable
631 graphical image of the subject's handwritten signature. The hash of
632 the graphical image SHALL only be calculated over the image data
633 excluding any labels defining the image type.
635 3.2.5 Qualified Certificate Statements
637 This section defines an extension for inclusion of defined statements
638 related to Qualified Certificates.
640 A typical statement suitable for inclusion in this extension MAY be a
641 statement by the issuer that the certificate is issued as a Qualified
642 Certificate in accordance with a particular legal system (as
643 discussed in Section 2.2).
645 Other statements suitable for inclusion in this extension MAY be
646 statements related to the applicable legal jurisdiction within which
647 the certificate is issued. As an example this MAY include a maximum
648 reliance limit for the certificate indicating restrictions on CA's
651 Each statement SHALL include an object identifier for the statement
652 and MAY also include optional qualifying data contained in the
653 statementInfo parameter.
655 If the statementInfo parameter is included then the object identifier
656 of the statement SHALL define the syntax and SHOULD define the
657 semantics of this parameter. If the object identifier does not
658 define the semantics, a relying party may have to consult a relevant
659 certificate policy or CPS to determine the exact semantics.
661 This extension may be critical or non-critical. If the extension is
662 critical, this means that all statements included in the extension
663 are regarded as critical.
665 qcStatements EXTENSION ::= {
667 IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-qcStatements }
669 id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3 }
674 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 12]
676 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
679 QCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OF QCStatement
681 QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE {
682 statementId QC-STATEMENT.&Id({SupportedStatements}),
683 statementInfo QC-STATEMENT.&Type
684 ({SupportedStatements}{@statementId}) OPTIONAL }
686 SupportedStatements QC-STATEMENT ::= { qcStatement-1,...}
688 3.2.5.1 Predefined Statements
690 This profile includes one predefined object identifier (id-qcs-
691 pkixQCSyntax-v1), identifying conformance with syntax and semantics
692 defined in this profile. This Qualified Certificate profile is
693 referred to as version 1.
695 qcStatement-1 QC-STATEMENT ::= { SYNTAX SemanticsInformation
696 IDENTIFIED BY id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 }
697 -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and
698 -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile
699 -- (Version 1). The SemanticsInformation may optionally contain
700 -- additional semantics information as specified.
702 SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE {
703 semanticsIdentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
704 nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities
706 (WITH COMPONENTS {..., semanticsIdentifier PRESENT}|
707 WITH COMPONENTS {..., nameRegistrationAuthorities PRESENT})
709 NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF
712 The SementicsInformation component identified by id-qcs-
713 pkixQCSyntax-v1 MAY contain a semantics identifier and MAY identify
714 one or more name registration authorities.
716 The semanticsIdentifier component, if present, SHALL contain an OID,
717 defining semantics for attributes and names in basic certificate
718 fields and certificate extensions. The OID may define semantics for
719 all, or for a subgroup of all present attributes and/or names.
721 The NameRegistrationAuthorities component, if present, SHALL contain
722 a name of one or more name registration authorities, responsible for
723 registration of attributes or names associated with the subject. The
724 association between an identified name registration authority and
725 present attributes MAY be defined by a semantics identifier OID, by a
726 certificate policy (or CPS) or some other implicit factors.
730 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 13]
732 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
735 If a value of type SemanticsInformation is present in a QCStatement
736 then at least one of the fields semanticsIdentifier and
737 nameRegistrationAuthorities must be present, as indicated.
739 4 Security Considerations
741 The legal value of a digital signature that is validated with a
742 Qualified Certificate will be highly dependent upon the policy
743 governing the use of the associated private key. Both the private
744 key holder as well as the relying party should make sure that the
745 private key is used only with the consent of the legitimate key
748 Since the public keys are for public use with legal implications for
749 involved parties, certain conditions should exist before CAs issue
750 certificates as Qualified Certificates. The associated private keys
751 must be unique for the subject, and must be maintained under the
752 subject's sole control. That is, a CA should not issue a qualified
753 certificate if the means to use the private key is not protected
754 against unintended usage. This implies that the CA have some
755 knowledge about the subject's cryptographic module.
757 The CA must further verify that the public key contained in the
758 certificate is legitimately representing the subject.
760 CAs should not issue CA certificates with policy mapping extensions
761 indicating acceptance of another CA's policy unless these conditions
764 Combining the nonRepudiation bit in the keyUsage certificate
765 extension with other keyUsage bits may have security implications and
766 this specification therefore recommends against such practices.
768 The ability to compare two qualified certificates to determine if
769 they represent the same physical entity is dependent on the semantics
770 of the subjects' names. The semantics of a particular attribute may
771 be different for different issuers. Comparing names without
772 knowledge of the semantics of names in these particular certificates
773 may provide misleading results.
775 This specification is a profile of RFC 2459. The security
776 considerations section of that document applies to this specification
786 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 14]
788 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
793 [RFC 2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
794 Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
796 [RFC 2247] Kille, S., Wahl, M., Grimstad, A., Huber, R. and S.
797 Sataluri, "Using Domains in LDAP/X.500 Distinguished
798 Names", RFC 2247, January 1998.
800 [RFC 2459] Housley, R., Ford, W., Polk, W. and D. Solo, "Internet
801 X.509 Public Key Infrastructure: Certificate and CRL
802 Profile", RFC 2459, January 1999.
804 [RFC 2985] Nystrom, M. and B. Kaliski, "PKCS #9: Selected Object
805 Classes and Attribute Types Version 2.0", RFC 2985,
808 [X.501] ITU-T Recommendation X.501: Information Technology - Open
809 Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Models, June
812 [X.509] ITU-T Recommendation X.509: Information Technology - Open
813 Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Authentication
814 Framework, June 1997.
816 [X.520] ITU-T Recommendation X.520: Information Technology - Open
817 Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Selected
818 Attribute Types, June 1993.
820 [X.680] ITU-T Recommendation X.680: Information Technology -
821 Abstract Syntax Notation One, 1997.
823 [ISO 3166] ISO Standard 3166: Codes for the representation of names
842 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 15]
844 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
847 6 Intellectual Property Rights
849 The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
850 intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to
851 pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
852 this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
853 might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it
854 has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the
855 IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and
856 standards related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of
857 claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of
858 licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to
859 obtain a general license or permission for the use of such
860 proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can
861 be obtained from the IETF Secretariat.
863 The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
864 copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
865 rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice
866 this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive
898 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 16]
900 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
905 As in RFC 2459, ASN.1 modules are supplied in two different variants
908 Appendix A.1 is in the 1988 syntax, and does not use macros.
909 However, since the module imports type definitions from modules in
910 RFC 2459 which are not completely in the 1988 syntax, the same
911 comments as in RFC 2459 regarding its use applies here as well; i.e.,
912 Appendix A.1 may be parsed by an 1988 ASN.1-parser by removing the
913 definitions for the UNIVERSAL types and all references to them in RFC
916 Appendix A.2 is in the 1993 syntax. However, since the module
917 imports type definitions from modules in RFC 2459 which are not
918 completely in the 1993 syntax, the same comments as in RFC 2459
919 regarding its use applies here as well; i.e., Appendix A.2 may be
920 parsed by an 1993 ASN.1-parser by removing the UTF8String choice from
921 the definition of DirectoryString in the module PKIX1Explicit93 in
922 RFC 2459. Appendix A.2 may be parsed "as is" by an 1997 ASN.1
925 In case of discrepancies between these modules, the 1988 module is
928 A.1 1988 ASN.1 Module
930 PKIXqualified88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6)
931 internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
932 id-mod-qualified-cert-88(10) }
934 DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::=
943 FROM PKIX1Implicit88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6)
944 internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
945 id-pkix1-implicit-88(2)}
947 AlgorithmIdentifier, DirectoryString, Attribute, AttributeType,
948 id-pkix, id-pe, id-at
949 FROM PKIX1Explicit88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6)
950 internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
954 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 17]
956 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
959 id-pkix1-explicit-88(1)};
961 -- Locally defined OIDs
963 -- Arc for QC personal data attributes
964 id-pda OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 9 }
965 -- Arc for QC statements
966 id-qcs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 11 }
970 id-at-serialNumber AttributeType ::= { id-at 5 }
971 SerialNumber ::= PrintableString (SIZE(1..64))
973 id-at-postalAddress AttributeType ::= { id-at 16 }
974 PostalAddress ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..6) OF DirectoryString
976 id-at-pseudonym AttributeType ::= { id-at 65 }
977 Pseudonym ::= DirectoryString
979 domainComponent AttributeType ::=
980 { 0 9 2342 19200300 100 1 25 }
981 DomainComponent ::= IA5String
983 id-pda-dateOfBirth AttributeType ::= { id-pda 1 }
984 DateOfBirth ::= GeneralizedTime
986 id-pda-placeOfBirth AttributeType ::= { id-pda 2 }
987 PlaceOfBirth ::= DirectoryString
989 id-pda-gender AttributeType ::= { id-pda 3 }
990 Gender ::= PrintableString (SIZE(1))
991 -- "M", "F", "m" or "f"
993 id-pda-countryOfCitizenship AttributeType ::= { id-pda 4 }
994 CountryOfCitizenship ::= PrintableString (SIZE (2))
995 -- ISO 3166 Country Code
997 id-pda-countryOfResidence AttributeType ::= { id-pda 5 }
998 CountryOfResidence ::= PrintableString (SIZE (2))
999 -- ISO 3166 Country Code
1001 -- Private extensions
1003 -- Biometric info extension
1005 id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {id-pe 2}
1010 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 18]
1012 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1015 BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData
1017 BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE {
1018 typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData,
1019 hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
1020 biometricDataHash OCTET STRING,
1021 sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL }
1023 TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE {
1024 predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType,
1025 biometricDataOid OBJECT IDENTIFIER }
1027 PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER {
1028 picture(0),handwritten-signature(1)}
1029 (picture|handwritten-signature)
1031 -- QC Statements Extension
1033 id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3}
1035 QCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OF QCStatement
1037 QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE {
1038 statementId OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
1039 statementInfo ANY DEFINED BY statementId OPTIONAL}
1042 id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-qcs 1 }
1044 -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and
1045 -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile
1046 -- (Version 1). This statement may optionally contain
1047 -- additional semantics information as specified below.
1049 SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE {
1050 semanticsIndentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
1051 nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities OPTIONAL
1052 } -- At least one field shall be present
1054 NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralName
1058 A.2 1993 ASN.1 Module
1060 PKIXqualified93 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6)
1061 internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
1062 id-mod-qualified-cert-93(11) }
1066 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 19]
1068 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1071 DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::=
1079 authorityKeyIdentifier, subjectKeyIdentifier, keyUsage,
1080 extendedKeyUsage, privateKeyUsagePeriod, certificatePolicies,
1081 policyMappings, subjectAltName, issuerAltName, basicConstraints,
1082 nameConstraints, policyConstraints, cRLDistributionPoints,
1083 subjectDirectoryAttributes, authorityInfoAccess, GeneralName,
1085 FROM PKIX1Implicit93 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6)
1086 internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
1087 id-pkix1-implicit-93(4)}
1089 id-pkix, AlgorithmIdentifier, ATTRIBUTE, Extension, EXTENSION,
1090 DirectoryString{}, ub-name, id-pe, id-at, id-at-commonName,
1091 id-at-surname, id-at-countryName, id-at-localityName,
1092 id-at-stateOrProvinceName, id-at-organizationName,
1093 id-at-organizationalUnitName, id-at-givenName, id-at-dnQualifier,
1094 pkcs9email, title, organizationName, organizationalUnitName,
1095 stateOrProvinceName, localityName, countryName,
1096 generationQualifier, dnQualifier, initials, givenName, surname,
1098 FROM PKIX1Explicit93 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6)
1099 internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
1100 id-pkix1-explicit-93(3)};
1102 -- Object Identifiers
1104 -- Externally defined OIDs
1105 id-at-serialNumber OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-at 5}
1106 id-at-postalAddress OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-at 16 }
1107 id-at-pseudonym OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-at 65 }
1108 id-domainComponent OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { 0 9 2342 19200300 100 1 25 }
1110 -- Locally defined OIDs
1112 -- Arc for QC personal data attributes
1114 id-pda OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 9 }
1115 -- Arc for QC statements
1116 id-qcs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 11 }
1118 -- Private extensions
1122 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 20]
1124 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1127 id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 2 }
1128 id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3 }
1130 -- Personal data attributes
1131 id-pda-dateOfBirth OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 1 }
1132 id-pda-placeOfBirth OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 2 }
1133 id-pda-gender OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 3 }
1134 id-pda-countryOfCitizenship OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 4 }
1135 id-pda-countryOfResidence OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pda 5 }
1138 id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-qcs 1 }
1142 -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the
1143 -- set of legal certificate extensions. Note that this set is an
1144 -- extension of the ExtensionSet defined in RFC 2459.
1145 ExtensionSet EXTENSION ::= {
1146 authorityKeyIdentifier |
1147 subjectKeyIdentifier |
1150 privateKeyUsagePeriod |
1151 certificatePolicies |
1158 cRLDistributionPoints |
1159 subjectDirectoryAttributes |
1160 authorityInfoAccess |
1164 -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the
1165 -- set of attributes applications are required to recognize in
1166 -- distinguished names. The set may of course be augmented to meet
1167 -- local requirements. Note that deleting members of the set may
1168 -- prevent interoperability with conforming implementations, and that
1169 -- this set is an extension of the SupportedAttributes set in RFC 2459.
1171 SupportedAttributes ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1172 countryName | commonName | surname | givenName | pseudonym |
1173 serialNumber | organizationName | organizationalUnitName |
1174 stateOrProvinceName | localityName | postalAddress |
1178 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 21]
1180 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1183 pkcs9email | domainComponent | dnQualifier,
1184 ... -- For future extensions -- }
1186 -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the
1187 -- set of attributes applications are required to recognize in
1188 -- subjectDirectoryAttribute extensions. The set may be augmented to
1189 -- meet local requirements. Note that deleting members of the set
1190 -- may prevent interoperability with conforming implementations.
1191 PersonalDataAttributeSet ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1192 title | dateOfBirth | placeOfBirth | gender | countryOfCitizenship |
1193 countryOfResidence, ... }
1197 -- serialNumber from X.520
1198 serialNumber ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1199 WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE(1..64))
1200 ID id-at-serialNumber }
1202 -- postalAddress from X.520
1203 postalAddress ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1204 WITH SYNTAX SEQUENCE SIZE (1..6) OF DirectoryString { 30 }
1205 ID id-at-postalAddress }
1207 -- pseudonym from (forthcoming) X.520)
1208 pseudonym ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1209 WITH SYNTAX DirectoryString { ub-name }
1210 ID id-at-pseudonym }
1212 -- domainComponent from RFC 2247
1213 domainComponent ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1214 WITH SYNTAX IA5String
1215 ID id-domainComponent }
1217 dateOfBirth ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1218 WITH SYNTAX GeneralizedTime
1219 ID id-pda-dateOfBirth }
1221 placeOfBirth ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1222 WITH SYNTAX DirectoryString { ub-name }
1223 ID id-pda-placeOfBirth }
1225 gender ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1226 WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE(1) ^ FROM("M"|"F"|"m"|"f"))
1229 countryOfCitizenship ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1230 WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE (2))
1234 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 22]
1236 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1239 (CONSTRAINED BY { -- ISO 3166 codes only -- })
1240 ID id-pda-countryOfCitizenship }
1242 countryOfResidence ATTRIBUTE ::= {
1243 WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE (2))
1244 (CONSTRAINED BY { -- ISO 3166 codes only -- })
1245 ID id-pda-countryOfResidence }
1247 -- Private extensions
1249 -- Biometric info extension
1251 biometricInfo EXTENSION ::= {
1252 SYNTAX BiometricSyntax
1253 IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-biometricInfo }
1255 BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData
1257 BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE {
1258 typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData,
1259 hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
1260 biometricDataHash OCTET STRING,
1261 sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL,
1262 ... -- For future extensions -- }
1264 TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE {
1265 predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType,
1266 biometricDataOid OBJECT IDENTIFIER }
1268 PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER { picture(0),
1269 handwritten-signature(1)} (picture|handwritten-signature,...)
1271 -- QC Statements Extension
1273 qcStatements EXTENSION ::= {
1275 IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-qcStatements }
1277 QCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OF QCStatement
1279 QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE {
1280 statementId QC-STATEMENT.&id({SupportedStatements}),
1281 statementInfo QC-STATEMENT.&Type
1282 ({SupportedStatements}{@statementId}) OPTIONAL }
1284 QC-STATEMENT ::= CLASS {
1285 &id OBJECT IDENTIFIER UNIQUE,
1290 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 23]
1292 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1296 [SYNTAX &Type] IDENTIFIED BY &id }
1298 qcStatement-1 QC-STATEMENT ::= { SYNTAX SemanticsInformation
1299 IDENTIFIED BY id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1}
1300 -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and
1301 -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile
1302 -- (Version 1). The SemanticsInformation may optionally contain
1303 -- additional semantics information as specified.
1305 SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE {
1306 semanticsIdentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
1307 nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities OPTIONAL
1308 }(WITH COMPONENTS {..., semanticsIdentifier PRESENT}|
1309 WITH COMPONENTS {..., nameRegistrationAuthorities PRESENT})
1311 NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralName
1313 -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the
1314 -- set of attributes applications are required to recognize as QCSs.
1315 SupportedStatements QC-STATEMENT ::= {
1316 qcStatement-1, ... -- For future extensions -- }
1320 B. A Note on Attributes
1322 This document defines several new attributes, both for use in the
1323 subject field of issued certificates and in the
1324 subjectDirectoryAttributes extension. In the interest of conformity,
1325 they have been defined here using the ASN.1 ATTRIBUTE definition from
1326 RFC 2459, which is sufficient for the purposes of this document, but
1327 greatly simplified in comparison with ISO/ITU's definition. A
1328 complete definition of these new attributes (including matching
1329 rules), along with object classes to support them in LDAP-accessible
1330 directories, can be found in [PKCS 9].
1332 C. Example Certificate
1334 This section contains the ASN.1 structure, an ASN.1 dump, and the
1335 DER-encoding of a certificate issued in conformance with this
1336 profile. The example has been developed with the help of the OSS
1337 ASN.1 compiler. The certificate has the following characteristics:
1339 1. The certificate is signed with RSA and the SHA-1 hash
1341 2. The issuer's distinguished name is O=GMD - Forschungszentrum
1342 Informationstechnik GmbH; C=DE
1346 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 24]
1348 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1351 3. The subject's distinguished name is CN=Petra M. Barzin, O=GMD
1352 - Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH, C=DE
1353 4. The certificate was issued on May 1, 2000 and will expire on
1355 5. The certificate contains a 1024 bit RSA key
1356 6. The certificate includes a critical key usage extension
1357 exclusively indicating non-repudiation
1358 7. The certificate includes a certificate policy identifier
1359 extension indicating the practices and procedures undertaken
1360 by the issuing CA (object identifier 1.3.36.8.1.1). The
1361 certificate policy object identifier is defined by TeleTrust,
1362 Germany. It is required to be set in a certificate conformant
1363 to the German digital signature law.
1364 8. The certificate includes a subject directory attributes
1365 extension containing the following attributes:
1369 date of birth: October, 14th 1971
1370 place of birth: Darmstadt
1371 country of citizenship:Germany
1374 9. The certificate includes a qualified statement private
1375 extension indicating that the naming registration authority's
1376 name as "municipality@darmstadt.de".
1377 10. The certificate includes, in conformance with RFC 2459, an
1378 authority key identifier extension.
1384 Since extensions are DER-encoded already when placed in the structure
1385 to be signed, they are for clarity shown here in the value notation
1388 C.1.1.1 The subjectDirectoryAttributes extension
1390 petrasSubjDirAttrs AttributesSyntax ::= {
1392 type id-pda-countryOfCitizenship,
1394 PrintableString : "DE"
1402 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 25]
1404 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1408 PrintableString : "F"
1412 type id-pda-dateOfBirth,
1414 GeneralizedTime : "197110140000Z"
1418 type id-pda-placeOfBirth,
1420 DirectoryString : utf8String : "Darmstadt"
1425 C.1.1.2 The keyUsage extension
1427 petrasKeyUsage KeyUsage ::= {nonRepudiation}
1429 C.1.1.3 The certificatePolicies extension
1431 petrasCertificatePolicies CertificatePoliciesSyntax ::= {
1433 policyIdentifier {1 3 36 8 1 1}
1437 C.1.1.4 The qcStatements extension
1439 petrasQCStatement QCStatements ::= {
1441 statementId id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1,
1442 statementInfo SemanticsInformation : {
1443 nameRegistrationAuthorities {
1444 rfc822Name : "municipality@darmstadt.de"
1450 C.1.1.5 The authorityKeyIdentifier extension
1452 petrasAKI AuthorityKeyIdentifier ::= {
1453 keyIdentifier '000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0FFEDCBA98'H
1458 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 26]
1460 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1463 C.1.2 The certificate
1465 The signed portion of the certificate is shown here in the value
1466 notation defined in [X.680]. Note that extension values are already
1467 DER encoded in this structure. Some values has been truncated for
1468 readability purposes.
1472 serialNumber 1234567890,
1475 algorithm { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 5 },
1476 parameters RSAParams : NULL
1478 issuer rdnSequence :
1483 value PrintableString : "DE"
1490 "GMD - Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH"
1496 notBefore utcTime : "000501100000Z",
1497 notAfter utcTime : "001101100000Z"
1499 subject rdnSequence :
1504 value PrintableString : "DE"
1514 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 27]
1516 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1519 "GMD Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH"
1525 value UTF8String : "Barzin"
1529 value UTF8String : "Petra"
1533 subjectPublicKeyInfo
1537 algorithm { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 1 },
1538 parameters RSAParams : NULL
1540 subjectPublicKey '00110000 10000001 10000111 00000010 1000 ...'B
1545 extnId { 2 5 29 9 }, -- subjectDirectoryAttributes
1546 extnValue '305B301006082B06010505070904310413024445300F0 ...'H
1549 extnId { 2 5 29 15 }, -- keyUsage
1551 extnValue '03020640'H
1554 extnId { 2 5 29 32 }, -- certificatePolicies
1555 extnValue '3009300706052B24080101'H
1558 extnId { 2 5 29 35 }, -- authorityKeyIdentifier
1559 extnValue '30168014000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0FFEDCBA98'H
1562 extnId { 1 3 6 1 5 5 7 1 3 }, -- qcStatements
1563 extnValue '302B302906082B06010505070B01301D301B81196D756 ...'H
1570 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 28]
1572 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1577 This section contains an ASN.1 dump of the signed portion of the
1578 certificate. Some values has been truncated for readability
1581 TBSCertificate SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed;
1583 version : tag = [0] constructed; length = 3
1584 Version INTEGER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 2] primitive; length = 1
1586 serialNumber CertificateSerialNumber INTEGER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 2]
1587 primitive; length = 4
1589 signature AlgorithmIdentifier SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1590 constructed; length = 13
1591 algorithm OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1593 { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 5 }
1594 parameters OpenType: NULL: tag = [UNIVERSAL 5] primitive;
1598 rdnSequence RDNSequence SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1599 constructed; length = 72
1600 RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17]
1601 constructed; length = 11
1602 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1603 constructed; length = 9
1604 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1607 value OpenType: PrintableString: tag = [UNIVERSAL 19]
1608 primitive; length = 2
1610 RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17]
1611 constructed; length = 57
1612 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1613 constructed; length = 55
1614 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1617 value OpenType : UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12]
1618 primitive; length = 48
1619 0x474d44202d20466f72736368756e67737a656e7472756d2049...
1620 validity Validity SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed;
1622 notBefore Time CHOICE
1626 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 29]
1628 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1631 utcTime UTCTime: tag = [UNIVERSAL 23] primitive; length = 13
1633 notAfter Time CHOICE
1634 utcTime UTCTime: tag = [UNIVERSAL 23] primitive; length = 13
1637 rdnSequence RDNSequence SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1638 constructed; length = 101
1639 RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17]
1640 constructed; length = 11
1641 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1642 constructed; length = 9
1643 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1646 value OpenType: PrintableString: tag = [UNIVERSAL 19]
1647 primitive; length = 2
1649 RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17]
1650 constructed; length = 55
1651 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1652 constructed; length = 53
1653 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1656 value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12]
1657 primitive; length = 46
1658 0x474d4420466f72736368756e67737a656e7472756d20496e66...
1659 RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17]
1660 constructed; length = 29
1661 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1662 constructed; length = 13
1663 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1666 value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12]
1667 primitive; length = 6
1669 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1670 constructed; length = 12
1671 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1674 value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12]
1675 primitive; length = 5
1677 subjectPublicKeyInfo SubjectPublicKeyInfo SEQUENCE: tag =
1678 [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 157
1682 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 30]
1684 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1687 algorithm AlgorithmIdentifier SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16]
1688 constructed; length = 13
1689 algorithm OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1691 { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 1 }
1692 parameters OpenType: NULL: tag = [UNIVERSAL 5] primitive;
1695 subjectPublicKey BIT STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 3] primitive;
1697 0x0030818702818100b8488400d4b6088be48ead459ca19ec717aaf3d1d...
1698 extensions : tag = [3] constructed; length = 233
1699 Extensions SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed;
1701 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed;
1703 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1706 extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive;
1708 0x305b301006082b06010505070904310413024445300f06082b060...
1709 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed;
1711 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1714 critical BOOLEAN: tag = [UNIVERSAL 1] primitive; length = 1
1716 extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive;
1719 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed;
1721 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1724 extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive;
1726 0x3009300706052b24080101
1727 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed;
1729 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1732 extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive;
1734 0x30168014000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0ffedcba98
1738 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 31]
1740 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1743 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed;
1745 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive;
1747 { 1 3 6 1 5 5 7 1 3 }
1748 extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive;
1750 0x302b302906082b06010505070b01301d301b81196d756e6963697...
1754 This section contains the full, DER-encoded certificate, in hex.
1756 3082030E30820277A0030201020204499602D2300D06092A864886F70D010105
1757 05003048310B300906035504061302444531393037060355040A0C30474D4420
1758 2D20466F72736368756E67737A656E7472756D20496E666F726D6174696F6E73
1759 746563686E696B20476D6248301E170D3030303530313130303030305A170D30
1760 30313130313130303030305A3065310B30090603550406130244453137303506
1761 0355040A0C2E474D4420466F72736368756E67737A656E7472756D20496E666F
1762 726D6174696F6E73746563686E696B20476D6248311D300C060355042A0C0550
1763 65747261300D06035504040C064261727A696E30819D300D06092A864886F70D
1764 010101050003818B0030818702818100B8488400D4B6088BE48EAD459CA19EC7
1765 17AAF3D1D4EE3ECCA496128A13597D16CC8B85EB37EFCE110C63B01E684E5CF6
1766 32291EAC60FD153C266EAAC36AD4CEA92319F9BFDD261AD2BFE41EAB4E17FE67
1767 8341EE52D9A0A8B4DEC07B7ACC76762514045CEE9994E0CF37BAE05F8DE33B35
1768 FF98BCE77742CE4B12273BD122137FE9020105A381E93081E630640603551D09
1769 045D305B301006082B06010505070904310413024445300F06082B0601050507
1770 09033103130146301D06082B060105050709013111180F313937313130313430
1771 30303030305A301706082B06010505070902310B0C094461726D737461647430
1772 0E0603551D0F0101FF04040302064030120603551D20040B3009300706052B24
1773 080101301F0603551D23041830168014000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F
1774 FEDCBA98303906082B06010505070103042D302B302906082B06010505070B01
1775 301D301B81196D756E69636970616C697479406461726D73746164742E646530
1776 0D06092A864886F70D01010505000381810048FD14D9AFE961E4321D9AA40CC0
1777 1C12893550CF76FBECBDE448926B0AE6F904AB89E7B5F808666FB007218AC18D
1778 28CE1E2D40FBF8C16B275CBA0547D7885B74059DEC736223368FC1602A510BC1
1779 EB31E39F3967BE6B413D48BC743A0AB19C57FD20F3B393E8FEBD8B05CAA5007D
1780 AD36F9D789AEF636A0AC0F93BCB3711B5907
1794 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 32]
1796 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1799 C.4 CA's public RSA key
1801 This section contains the DER-encoded public RSA key of the CA who
1802 signed the example certificate. It is included with the purpose of
1803 simplifying verifications of the example certificate.
1805 30818902818100ad1f35964b3674c807b9f8a645d2c8174e514b69a4b46a7382
1806 915abbc44eccede914dae8fcc023abcea9c53380e641795cb0dda664b872fc10
1807 9f9bbb852bf42d994f634c681608e388dce240b558513e5b60027bd1a07cef9c
1808 9b6db37c7e1f1abd238eed96e4b669056b260f55e83f14e6027127c9deb3ad18
1809 afcd3f8a5f5bf50203010001
1850 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 33]
1852 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1863 EMail: stefan@addtrust.com
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1889 EMail: magnus@rsasecurity.com
1906 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 34]
1908 RFC 3039 Qualified Certificates Profile January 2001
1911 Full Copyright Statement
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1962 Santesson, et al. Standards Track [Page 35]