| blob | aec8348bf634cceb52b4d2972a6e57eb04e1a228 |
1 # @(#)asia 7.68
3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
8 #
9 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
11 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
12 #
13 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
14 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
15 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
16 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
17 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
18 #
19 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
20 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
21 #
22 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
23 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
24 # I found in the UCLA library.
25 #
26 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
27 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
28 #
29 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
30 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
31 # Corrections are welcome!
32 # std dst
33 # LMT Local Mean Time
34 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
35 # 2:00 IST IDT Israel
36 # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
37 # 4:00 GST Gulf*
38 # 5:30 IST India
39 # 7:00 ICT Indochina*
40 # 7:00 WIT west Indonesia
41 # 8:00 CIT central Indonesia
42 # 8:00 CST China
43 # 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
44 # 9:00 EIT east Indonesia
45 # 9:00 JST Japan
46 # 9:00 KST Korea
47 # 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
48 #
49 # See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
51 # From Guy Harris:
52 # Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
53 # additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
54 # Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
55 # Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
57 ###############################################################################
59 # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
60 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
61 Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
62 Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
63 Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
64 Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
65 Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
66 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
67 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
68 Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
69 Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
70 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
71 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
72 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
73 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
74 Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
76 # Afghanistan
77 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
78 Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
79 4:00 - AFT 1945
80 4:30 - AFT
82 # Armenia
83 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
84 # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
85 # then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997.
86 # Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
87 # <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
88 # in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
89 # Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
90 # but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
91 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
92 Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
93 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
94 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
95 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
96 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
97 4:00 - AMT 1997
98 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT
100 # Azerbaijan
101 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
102 Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S
103 Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 -
104 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
105 Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
106 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
107 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
108 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
109 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s
110 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
111 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
112 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
114 # Bahrain
115 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
116 Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
117 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
118 3:00 - AST
120 # Bangladesh
121 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
122 Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
123 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
124 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
125 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
126 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
127 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
128 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time
130 # Bhutan
131 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
132 Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
133 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
134 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
136 # British Indian Ocean Territory
137 # Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
138 # 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996.
139 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
140 Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time
141 6:00 - IOT
143 # Brunei
144 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
145 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
146 7:30 - BNT 1933
147 8:00 - BNT
149 # Burma / Myanmar
150 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
151 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
152 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
153 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
154 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
155 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
157 # Cambodia
158 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
159 Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
160 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
161 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
162 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
163 7:00 - ICT
165 # China
167 # From Guy Harris:
168 # People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
170 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
171 # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
172 # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
173 # Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
174 # has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
175 # the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
176 #
177 # . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
178 # painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
179 # DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
180 #
181 # 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
182 # 1987 mid-April - ??
184 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
185 # CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
186 # CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
188 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
189 # Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
190 # observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
191 # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
192 # Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.
194 # From Shanks:
195 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
196 Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
197 Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
198 Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
199 Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
200 Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
201 Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
202 Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
203 #
204 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
205 #
206 # From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
207 # BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
208 # historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
209 # Chinese names for these locales (before 1949):
210 # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
211 Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
212 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time
213 8:00 - CST 1940
214 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May
215 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May
216 8:00 PRC C%sT
217 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
218 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
219 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
220 8:00 PRC C%sT
221 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
222 Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
223 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time
224 8:00 PRC C%sT
225 # Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")
226 Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
227 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
228 8:00 PRC C%sT
229 # Kunlun Time
230 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
231 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
232 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
233 8:00 PRC C%sT
235 # Hong Kong (Xianggang)
236 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
237 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
238 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
239 Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
240 Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
241 Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
242 Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
243 Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
244 Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
245 Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
246 Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
247 Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
248 Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
249 Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
250 Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
251 Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
252 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
253 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
254 8:00 HK HK%sT
257 ###############################################################################
259 # Taiwan
261 # Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
262 # was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
263 # have any other information.
265 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
266 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
267 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
268 Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
269 Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
270 Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
271 Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
272 Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
273 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
274 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
275 Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
276 Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
277 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
278 Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei
279 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
281 # Macau (Macao, Aomen)
282 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
283 Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
284 Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
285 Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
286 Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
287 Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
288 Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
289 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
290 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
291 Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
292 Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
293 Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
294 Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
295 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
296 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
297 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
298 Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
299 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
300 8:00 PRC C%sT
303 ###############################################################################
305 # Cyprus
306 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
307 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
308 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
309 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
310 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
311 Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
312 Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
313 Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
314 Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
315 Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
316 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
317 Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
318 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
319 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
320 # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
322 # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
323 # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
324 Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
326 # Georgia
327 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19):
328 # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
329 # an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
330 # an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
331 # We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
332 #
333 # From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
334 # Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
335 # will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
336 # President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
337 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
338 Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
339 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
340 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
341 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
342 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
343 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
344 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
345 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
346 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
347 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT
349 # East Timor
351 # From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
352 # <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm">
353 # East Timor may be late for its millennium
354 # </a> (1999-12-26/31):
355 # Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
356 # rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
357 # Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
358 # conflicts with their way of life.
360 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
361 # We don't have any record of the above attempt.
362 # Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
364 # <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html">
365 # From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
366 # (2000-08-16)</a>:
367 # The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
368 # today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
369 # which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
370 # midnight on Saturday, September 16.
372 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
373 Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
374 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
375 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
376 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3
377 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00
378 9:00 - TPT
380 # India
381 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
382 Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880
383 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
384 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
385 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
386 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
387 5:30 - IST
388 # The following are like Asia/Calcutta:
389 # Andaman Is
390 # Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
391 # Nicobar Is
393 # Indonesia
394 #
395 # From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks:
396 # <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
397 # says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
398 # time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
399 # and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
400 #
401 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
402 Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
403 # Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
404 # but this must be a typo.
405 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
406 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
407 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23
408 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
409 7:30 - WIT 1948 May
410 8:00 - WIT 1950 May
411 7:30 - WIT 1964
412 7:00 - WIT
413 Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May
414 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT
415 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29
416 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
417 7:30 - WIT 1948 May
418 8:00 - WIT 1950 May
419 7:30 - WIT 1964
420 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1
421 7:00 - WIT
422 Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
423 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
424 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9
425 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
426 8:00 - CIT
427 Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
428 9:00 - EIT 1944
429 9:30 - CST 1964
430 9:00 - EIT
432 # Iran
433 # From Paul Eggert (2000-06-12), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales:
434 # Ahmea Alavi in
435 # <a href="http://www.persia.org/Iran_Lib/Calendar/taghveem.txt">
436 # TAGHVEEM (1993-07-12)
437 # </a>
438 # writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day
439 # of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.'' This disagrees with the SSIM:
440 #
441 # DST start DST end
442 # year SSIM Alavi SSIM Alavi
443 # 1991 05-03!= 03-21 09-20!= 09-23
444 # 1992 03-22!= 03-21 09-23 09-23
445 # 1993 03-21 03-21 09-23 09-23
446 # 1994 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
447 # 1995 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
448 # 1996 03-21!= 03-20 09-22 09-22
449 # 1997 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
450 # 1998 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23
451 # 1999 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
452 # 2000 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22
453 # 2001 03-19!= 03-21 09-19!= 09-23
454 # 2002 03-18!= 03-21 09-18!= 09-23
455 #
456 # Go with Alavi starting with 1992.
457 # I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates.
458 # The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050
459 # are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
460 #
461 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
462 Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
463 Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
464 Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 -
465 Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
466 Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S
467 Rule Iran 1991 only - Sep 20 0:00s 0 -
468 Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
469 Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
470 Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
471 Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
472 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
473 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
474 Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
475 Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
476 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
477 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
478 Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
479 Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
480 Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
481 Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
482 Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
483 Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
484 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
485 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
486 Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
487 Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
488 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
489 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
490 Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
491 Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
492 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
493 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
494 Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
495 Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
496 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
497 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
498 Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
499 Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
500 Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
501 Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
502 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
503 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
504 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
505 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
506 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
507 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
508 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
509 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
510 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
511 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
512 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
513 Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
514 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
515 3:30 - IRT 1977 Nov
516 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
517 3:30 Iran IR%sT
520 # Iraq
521 #
522 # From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12):
523 # An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
524 # the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
525 # "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
526 # are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
527 #
528 # But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
529 # In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
530 # Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
531 # to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
532 # in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
533 #
534 # So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
536 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
537 Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
538 Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
539 Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
540 Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
541 Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
542 Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
543 # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
544 # Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this.
545 Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
546 Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
547 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
548 Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
549 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
550 3:00 - AST 1982 May
551 3:00 Iraq A%sT
554 ###############################################################################
556 # Israel
558 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
559 #
560 # I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three
561 # different abbreviations in use:
562 #
563 # JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University]
564 # IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion]
565 # EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]
566 #
567 # Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities,
568 # I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe,
569 # EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with
570 # any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go
571 # and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone
572 # settings in Israeli computers.
573 #
574 # In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India,
575 # high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
576 # family is from India).
578 # From Shanks:
579 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
580 Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
581 Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
582 Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
583 Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
584 Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
585 Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
586 Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
587 Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
588 Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
589 Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
590 Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
591 Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
592 Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
593 Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
594 Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
595 Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
596 Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
597 Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
598 Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
599 Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
600 Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
601 Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
602 Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
603 Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
604 Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
605 Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
606 Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
607 Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
608 Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
609 Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
610 Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
611 Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
612 Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
613 Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
614 Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
615 Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
616 Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
617 Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
618 Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
619 Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
621 # From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il>
622 # (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25):
624 # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
625 # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
626 # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
627 # days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
628 # daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
629 # 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
630 # Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
631 # time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
632 # time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
633 # conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
634 # daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
635 # 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
636 # was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
637 # 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
638 # similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
639 # will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
640 # changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
641 # rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
642 # (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
643 # of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
644 # (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
645 # (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
647 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
648 Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
649 Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
650 Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
651 Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
652 Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
653 Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
654 Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
655 Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
656 Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
657 Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
659 # The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
660 # Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
661 # calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
663 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
664 Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
665 Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
666 Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
667 Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
669 # The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
670 # time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
671 # (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
672 #
673 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
674 #
675 # The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
676 #
677 # The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
678 #
679 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
680 #
681 # where YYYY is the relevant year.
683 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
684 Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
685 Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
686 Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
687 Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
688 Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
689 Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
690 Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
691 Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
693 # The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
694 # the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
695 # years 2001-2004 as well.
696 #
697 # The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
698 #
699 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
700 #
701 # The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
702 # for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
703 #
704 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
706 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
707 Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
708 Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
709 Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
710 Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
711 Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
712 Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
713 Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
714 Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
715 Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
716 Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
718 # From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25):
719 # Here are guesses for rules after 2004.
720 # They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all.
721 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
722 Rule Zion 2005 max - Apr 1 1:00 1:00 D
723 Rule Zion 2005 max - Oct 1 1:00 0 S
725 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
726 Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
727 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
728 2:00 Zion I%sT
730 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2002-07-07):
731 #
732 # The Israeli government today adopted a proposal by Minister of Interior
733 # Eli Yishai to shorten the period of Daylight Savings Time for the year
734 # 2002 (only -- the dates for 2003 and 2004 are, so far, unaffected).
735 #
736 # The proposed date to Daylight Savings Time is September 13, 2002 instead
737 # of the current date: October 7, 2002. The hour of changeover has not
738 # yet been decided.
739 #
740 # (2002-07-10):
741 # While today the Knesset passed the initial proposal to reduce DST by
742 # some three weeks, a new compromise is being worked out between
743 # Minister of Justice Meir Sheetrit and Minister of Interior Eli
744 # Yishai to revert to standard time for a period of 48-96 _hours_
745 # (sic) around the Yom Kippur fast day (September 15-16) and then go
746 # *back* to DST until the end of October. The details of the proposal
747 # have yet to be worked out, but the second and final readings of the
748 # bill have until July 24 to pass.
749 #
750 # (2002-07-25):
751 # Thanks go to Yitschak Goldberg from E&M for bringing this (Hebrew) article
752 # to my attention:
753 #
754 # http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-2019315,00.html
755 #
756 # Hence, the proposal to shorten DST was withdrawn yesterday and the timezone
757 # files that have been in effect since July 2000 are still valid for all of
758 # 2002.
759 #
760 # Please note that the article mentions that the Shas MK's intend to
761 # bring up their amendment for future years (2003 and beyond). What this
762 # means exactly is anyone's guess since there are no set dates yet beyond
763 # 2004 and the end day set for 2003 and 2004 is already the 7th of Tishrei
764 # (i.e. before the fast of Yom Kippur). The only thing they may want to
765 # change is the start date of DST in 2003 from Mar.28.03 (24th of Adar II)
766 # to Apr.18.03 (16th of Nisan) so that the Passover Seder will take place
767 # during Standard Time. The start date for 2004 is already Nisan 16th.
771 ###############################################################################
773 # Japan
775 # `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
777 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06):
778 # Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
779 # daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
780 # because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
781 # Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows:
782 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
783 #Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
784 #Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
785 #Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
786 #Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
787 # but the only locations using it were US military bases.
788 # We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo.
790 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
791 # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
792 # Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
793 # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
794 # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
795 # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
796 # The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
798 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
799 # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
800 # which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
801 # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
802 # standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
803 # time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
804 # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
805 # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
806 # standard....
807 #
808 # I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
809 # In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
811 # Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki)
812 # use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
814 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
815 Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
816 9:00 - JST 1896
817 9:00 - CJT 1938
818 9:00 - JST
819 # Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
821 # Jordan
822 #
823 # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
824 # Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
825 # Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
826 # in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
827 # all year round.
828 #
829 # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
830 # Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
831 # Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
832 # by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
833 # The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
834 # government's departments from six to seven hours.
835 #
836 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
837 Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
838 Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
839 Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
840 Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
841 Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
842 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
843 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
844 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
845 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
846 Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
847 Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
848 Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
849 Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
850 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
851 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
852 Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
853 Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
854 Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
855 Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
856 Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
857 Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
858 Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
859 Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
860 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
861 Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
862 2:00 Jordan EE%sT
864 # Kazakhstan
865 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
866 # Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
867 # stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
868 # and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
869 # Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
870 # IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
871 #
872 # From Paul Eggert (2001-10-18):
873 # German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses
874 # RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.
875 # Go with Shanks, who has them always using RussiaAsia rules.
876 # Also go with the following claims of Shanks:
877 #
878 # - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
879 # - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
880 # - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
881 #
882 #
883 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
884 #
885 # Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
886 Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
887 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time
888 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991
889 6:00 - ALMT 1992
890 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT
891 # Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.)
892 Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
893 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time
894 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1
895 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1
896 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1
897 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
898 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
899 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
900 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT
901 # Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
902 Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
903 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
904 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
905 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
906 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
907 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991
908 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
909 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT # Aqtobe Time
910 # Mangghystau
911 # Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
912 # so include time stamps before 1963.
913 Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
914 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T
915 5:00 - FORT 1963
916 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time
917 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1
918 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991
919 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence
920 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun # Aqtau Time
921 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT
922 # West Kazakhstan
923 Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
924 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time
925 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1
926 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1
927 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1
928 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00
929 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991
930 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
931 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT # Oral Time
933 # Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
934 # Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks.
935 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
936 Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
937 Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
938 Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
939 Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
940 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
941 Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
942 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
943 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
944 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
945 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time
947 ###############################################################################
949 # Korea (North and South)
951 # From Guy Harris:
952 # According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco,
953 # Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know
954 # at what time of day DST starts or ends.
956 # From Shanks:
957 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
958 Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
959 Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
960 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D
961 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S
963 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
964 Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
965 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
966 9:00 - KST 1928
967 8:30 - KST 1932
968 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
969 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
970 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
971 9:00 ROK K%sT
972 Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
973 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
974 9:00 - KST 1928
975 8:30 - KST 1932
976 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
977 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
978 9:00 - KST
980 ###############################################################################
982 # Kuwait
983 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
984 Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
985 3:00 - AST
987 # Laos
988 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
989 Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
990 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
991 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
992 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
993 7:00 - ICT
995 # Lebanon
996 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
997 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
998 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
999 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
1000 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
1001 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1002 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
1003 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
1004 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
1005 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1006 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1007 Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
1008 Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1009 Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1010 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1011 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1012 Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1013 Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
1014 Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
1015 Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1016 Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1017 Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
1018 Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1019 Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1020 Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
1021 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1022 Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
1023 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
1025 # Malaysia
1026 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1027 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
1028 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
1029 #
1030 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1031 # peninsular Malaysia
1032 Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880
1033 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
1034 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
1035 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
1036 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
1037 7:20 - MALT 1950
1038 7:30 - MALT 1982 May
1039 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
1040 # Sabah & Sarawak
1041 Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
1042 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
1043 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942
1044 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
1045 8:00 - BORT 1982 May
1046 8:00 - MYT
1048 # Maldives
1049 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1050 Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
1051 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
1052 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
1054 # Mongolia
1056 # Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map
1057 # Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01)
1058 # both say that it has just one.
1060 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
1061 # <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
1062 # General Information Mongolia
1063 # </a> (1999-09)
1064 # "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
1065 # Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
1066 # the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
1067 # eight hours."
1069 # From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
1070 # Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
1071 # being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
1072 # unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
1073 # of implementation may have been different....
1074 # Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
1075 # zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
1076 # Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
1078 # From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
1079 # Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
1080 # We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
1081 # the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
1082 # and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
1083 # is good enough for our purposes.
1085 # From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
1086 # In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
1087 # (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
1088 # there are three time zones.
1089 #
1090 # Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
1091 # Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov,
1092 # Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi
1093 # Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar
1094 #
1095 # [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
1097 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1098 Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1099 Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1100 # IATA SSIM says 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, but Shanks (1995) lists
1101 # them at 02:00s, and McDow says the 2001 switches also occurred at 02:00.
1102 # Also, IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks through 1998.
1103 Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
1104 Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
1105 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
1106 Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr 27 2:00s 1:00 S
1107 Rule Mongol 2001 only - Sep 28 2:00s 0 -
1109 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1110 # Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
1111 Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
1112 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
1113 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
1114 # Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
1115 Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
1116 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
1117 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
1118 # Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
1119 # Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
1120 Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
1121 7:00 - ULAT 1978
1122 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
1123 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT # Choibalsan Time
1125 # Nepal
1126 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1127 Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
1128 5:30 - IST 1986
1129 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
1131 # Oman
1132 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1133 Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920
1134 4:00 - GST
1136 # Pakistan
1138 # From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
1139 # I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a
1140 # TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002
1141 # and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
1142 # told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
1143 # 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
1145 # From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
1146 # Jesper Norgaard found this URL:
1147 # http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
1148 # (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
1149 # advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
1150 # Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
1151 # 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
1152 # but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like
1153 # it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday
1154 # and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the
1155 # transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
1157 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1158 Rule Pakistan 2002 max - Apr Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S
1159 Rule Pakistan 2002 max - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
1160 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1161 Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
1162 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
1163 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
1164 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
1165 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
1166 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time
1168 # Palestine
1170 # From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15):
1171 #
1172 # From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
1173 # known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
1174 # Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
1175 #
1176 # The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
1177 # (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
1178 # time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
1179 # though.
1180 #
1181 # The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
1182 # annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
1183 # the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
1184 # Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
1185 # towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
1186 # East Jerusalem.
1187 #
1188 # Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
1189 # for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
1190 # have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
1191 # of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
1192 # time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
1193 #
1194 # The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
1195 # towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
1196 # demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
1197 # summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
1198 # know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
1199 # Jordanian one).
1200 #
1201 # To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
1202 #
1203 # Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
1204 # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
1205 # Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
1206 # West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
1207 # Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
1208 #
1209 # I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
1210 # have one).
1212 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
1213 # Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go
1214 # with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
1215 # and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
1216 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
1217 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
1218 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
1219 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
1220 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
1221 # to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please
1222 # send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions.
1224 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
1225 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
1226 #
1227 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
1228 # last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
1229 # one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
1230 # the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
1232 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1233 # Daoud Kuttab writes in
1234 # <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
1235 # Holiday havoc
1236 # </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
1237 # the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
1238 # I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
1239 # For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
1240 # and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
1242 # The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
1243 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1244 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1245 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1246 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1247 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
1248 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
1249 Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
1251 Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
1252 Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1254 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1255 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
1256 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
1257 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
1258 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
1259 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
1260 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
1262 # Paracel Is
1263 # no information
1265 # Philippines
1266 # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the
1267 # Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
1268 # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
1269 # transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
1270 # The rest of this data is from Shanks.
1271 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1272 Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
1273 Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
1274 Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
1275 Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
1276 Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
1277 Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
1278 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1279 Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
1280 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
1281 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
1282 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
1283 8:00 Phil PH%sT
1285 # Qatar
1286 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1287 Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
1288 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
1289 3:00 - AST
1291 # Saudi Arabia
1292 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1293 Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
1294 3:00 - AST
1296 # Singapore
1297 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1298 Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880
1299 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
1300 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
1301 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
1302 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
1303 7:20 - MALT 1950
1304 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
1305 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time
1306 8:00 - SGT
1308 # Spratly Is
1309 # no information
1311 # Sri Lanka
1312 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
1313 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
1314 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
1315 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
1316 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
1317 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
1318 #
1319 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
1320 # by Shamindra in
1321 # <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
1322 # Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
1323 # </a>:
1324 # With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
1325 # Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
1327 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1328 Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
1329 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
1330 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
1331 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
1332 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
1333 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
1334 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
1335 6:00 - LKT
1337 # Syria
1338 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1339 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1340 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
1341 Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
1342 Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1343 Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1344 Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1345 Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1346 Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1347 Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
1348 Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1349 Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1350 Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
1351 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
1352 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1353 Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
1354 Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
1355 Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
1356 Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
1357 Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
1358 Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1359 Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1360 Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
1361 Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1362 Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1363 Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1364 Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
1365 Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1366 Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
1367 # IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
1368 # (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
1369 # 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
1370 # ignore all these claims and go with Shanks.
1371 Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1372 Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1373 Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
1374 Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1375 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1376 Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
1377 2:00 Syria EE%sT
1379 # Tajikistan
1380 # From Shanks.
1381 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1382 Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1383 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
1384 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1385 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
1386 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
1388 # Thailand
1389 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1390 Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
1391 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
1392 7:00 - ICT
1394 # Turkmenistan
1395 # From Shanks.
1396 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1397 Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
1398 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
1399 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
1400 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
1401 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1402 5:00 - TMT
1404 # United Arab Emirates
1405 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1406 Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
1407 4:00 - GST
1409 # Uzbekistan
1410 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1411 Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1412 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
1413 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
1414 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
1415 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time
1416 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1417 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1418 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1419 5:00 - UZT
1420 Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1421 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
1422 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1423 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1424 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1425 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1426 5:00 - UZT
1428 # Vietnam
1429 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
1430 # Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
1431 # We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
1432 # From Shanks:
1433 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1434 Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
1435 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1436 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1437 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1438 7:00 - ICT
1440 # Yemen
1441 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1442 Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950
1443 3:00 - AST