1 GNU C Library NEWS -- history of user-visible changes. 2001-10-31
2 Copyright (C) 1992-2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 See the end for copying conditions.
5 Please send GNU C library bug reports using the `glibcbug' script to
6 <bugs@gnu.org>. Questions and suggestions should be send to
11 * Stephen Moshier implemented powl and cbrtl for the 128-bit
14 * Masahide Washizawa contributed iconv modules for IBM1132, IBM1133, IBM1160,
15 IBM1161, and IBM1162 charsets.
17 * Andreas Jaeger contributed a port to x86_64/Linux.
19 * libc functions using I/O streams now can handle wide-oriented streams
22 * optimizations in the dynamic linker. binaries created by recent binutils
23 versions start up quicker due to reduced time spend on relocations.
27 * Stephen Moshier implemented cosh, expm1, log1p, acos, sinh, tanh,
28 asinh, atanh, j0 for the 128-bit long double format.
30 * Bruno Haible updated all the code handling Unicode in some form to
33 * Speed of regex for single-byte locales is back to previous levels.
34 Patch by Isamu Hasegawa.
36 * Alpha, SPARC, and IA-64 now also using floating stacks.
38 * Startup time of internationalized applications greatly improved through
39 iconv cache. Use iconvconfig to generate the cache file.
40 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
42 * The IA-64 specific part of ld.so was rewritten to eliminate some pretty
43 severe performance problems. Patch by David Mosberger.
45 * The Hurd port got a lot more functionality like AIO, various stdio
46 extensions, etc. Mainly done by Roland McGrath.
48 * mtrace can now lookup symbols in shared libraries.
52 * Intel's IA-64 math library is largely integrated. It provides fast and
53 accurate implementatations for most basic and standard math functions
54 in float, double, and long double format.
56 * Stephen Moshier implemented j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn, lgamma, erf, erfc,
57 and asin for the 96-bit long double format and asin, log, tan for the
58 128-bit long double format.
60 * The beginning of a last-bit accurate math library by IBM Haifa were added.
61 The basic double functions exist today. Contributed by Abraham Ziv
62 <ziv@il.ibm.com>, Moshe Olshansky <olshansk@il.ibm.com>, Ealan Henis
63 <ealan@il.ibm.com>, and Anna Reitman <reitman@il.ibm.com>.
65 * An asynchronous name lookup library was added. The interface is designed
66 after POSIX AIO. The proposal was circulated beforehand to get comments.
67 No negative ones came in. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
69 * Port to S390/64bit contributed by Martin Schwidefsky
70 <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>.
72 * David Mosberger <davidm@hpl.hp.com> implemented the setcontext family
73 of functions for Linux/IA-64.
75 * The RPC code is now thread safe. Threads can now use the same service
76 of different services at the same time. Patch by Eric Norum
77 <eric.norum@usask.ca> with some help by Ulrich Drepper.
79 * Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> implemented the setcontext
80 family of functions for Linux/S390.
82 * Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com> implemented the setcontext family
83 of functions for Linux/x86.
85 * Port to Linux/CRIS contributed by Axis Communications.
89 * Lots of headers were cleaned up. Using the tool in the conform/ subdir
90 we can now check for namespace violations and missing declarations. The
91 result is that almost all headers are now Unix-compliant (as defined in
92 the upcoming XPG6). The negative side is that some programs might need
93 corrections, too, if they depend on the incorrect form of the headers in
94 previous versions which defined too many symbols and included too many
97 * regex now handles multibyte character sets correctly.
98 Contributed by Isamu Hasegawa <isamu@yamato.ibm.com>.
100 * iconv (the program) does now conform to the upcoming XPG6 and handles
101 charmaps. Instead of the charset names the path of charmaps can be
102 provided and the conversion happens based on this data.
103 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
105 * The locale program now provides detailed information about the installed
110 only lists the names of the supported locales
114 provides details such as country, language, and codeset name.
115 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
119 * The gencat program now parses the input file according to the charset
120 selected by the LC_CTYPE category. This is important for stateful
121 character sets. To make generating catalogs easier there is a way
122 to overwrite the charset selected by the locale: before the first
123 message or $ quote line the catalog can contain a line like
127 to select the charset (ISO-8859-2 in this case).
129 Implemented by Shinya Hanataka and Ulrich Drepper.
131 * New codeset conversion modules: IBM-922 (Estonia PC codeset),
132 IBM-1124 (Ukraine PC codeset), IBM-1129 (Vietnamese PC codeset).
133 Contributed by Masahide Washizawa <washi@jp.ibm.com>.
135 * Optimized string functions for Alpha ev6 and ev67 by Richard Henderson
136 <rth@redhat.com> and Rick Gorton <rick.gorton@alpha-processor.com>.
138 * The LANGUAGE environment variable is now ignored unless the locale is
139 changed from the default "C" locale.
141 * The usual bug fixes.
145 * Greg McGary added runtime support for bounds checking using gcc's
146 new -fbounded-pointers option. ix86 target is complete. PowerPC
149 * Thorsten Kukuk added secure mode support to nscd.
151 * The Berkeley db libraries have been removed.
153 Related, the nss_db module is now in a separate package since it
154 obviously requires a database library being available.
156 * Wide character I/O streams implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
158 * Functions from the extended socket API added by Ulrich Drepper.
160 * Functions feenableexcept and fedisableexcept to control the
161 behaviour of individual exceptions have been added by Andreas Jaeger.
163 * ldconfig program added by Andreas Jaeger and Jakub Jelinek.
165 * The resolver code has been updated from bind 8.2.3-T5B which supports
166 threads. The integration was done by Andreas Jaeger, Adam D. Bradley,
169 This change could in some situations effect backward compatibility. Since
170 now `_res' is a thread-local instead of a global variable, modifying it
171 in one thread does not have any effect in other threads.
173 The resolver library was also extended to allow IPv6 as the transport
174 protocol for the requests. This work was done by Stig Venaas.
176 * Compatibility code for K&R C compilers has been removed from the
177 header files. A ISO C compiler is needed to use the library
178 (conforming to either C89 or C99 standard).
180 * Complete rewrite of the localedef program to support multibyte character
181 sets. Implement handling of ISO 14651 and ISO 14652. Rewrite strcoll,
182 strxfrm, wcscoll, and wcsxfrm functions. Make isw*() functions work.
183 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
185 Bruno Haible significantly improved the generation and use of the data
186 structures for the wide character tables.
188 * Plural handling in gettext implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
190 * The utmp daemon has been removed.
192 * The port to MIPS-Linux has been finished by Andreas Jaeger.
194 * A port to Hitachi SH3 and SH4 has been contributed by Kazumoto Kojima
197 * POSIX clocks and timers implemented by Kaz Kylheku and Ulrich Drepper.
199 * POSIX barriers implemented by Kaz Kylheku.
201 * POSIX spawn function family implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
203 * POSIX spinlocks are now available.
205 * Timed wait functions for mutex, rwlock, and semaphores are implemented.
207 * the configure option --enable-kernel=X.Y.Z allows to strip out
208 compatibility for kernel versions before X.Y.Z. This is currently only
209 implemented for Linux.
211 * the sockaddr_in6 structure changed. The IPv6 working group added a new
212 field sin6_scope_id. This means that all programs using IPv6 should be
213 recompiled. Don't expect binary compatibility with previous glibc
216 * various conversion modules for IBM character sets contributed by
219 * IA-64 port by Jes Sorensen and HJ Lu.
221 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
222 Compiling the GNU C Library for Linux/ia64
223 ******************************************
225 Please refer to the file INSTALL in the same directory as you found
226 this file for general information about configuring and compiling
229 For general inquiries about glibc under Linux/ia64 please use the
230 following mailing list linux-ia64@linuxia64.org or one of the relevant
233 Recommended Tools for Compilation
234 =================================
236 In order for glibc-2.2 to build correctly on the ia64 you need at
237 least the following versions of the GNU tools (the :
239 * The Cygnus toolchain snapshot for the ia64 as of August 4
240 including the provided set of patches. It is however recommend
241 you use the October 24 toolchain snapshot or a more recent version.
243 OR alternatively you can try the following (the Cygnus toolchain is
244 the recommended solution):
246 * GCC and binutils, GAS and GNU LD out of CVS from
247 sources.redhat.com as of August 28, 2000 or later. The CVS tree
248 may require special patches to work properly on the ia64.
250 Configuring and compiling GNU Libc for Linux/ia64
251 =================================================
253 The library requires Linux kernel version 2.4.0-test4-000728 or
254 later to funtion properly. Besides that it support for debug libraries
255 is currently untested. Hence the following options
256 are required for configuring the library:
258 --disable-debug --enable-kernel=2.4.0
260 It is also important that you make sure the library picks up the
261 appropriate kernel header files, if you do not have recent enough
262 kernel headers in /usr/src/linux/include, you should use the
263 --with-headers=<path> option to specify the location.
265 As an example I personally use the following options to configure
270 --enable-kernel=2.4.0
274 --with-headers=/home/jes/linux/include
279 Jes Sorensen <jes@linuxcare.com>,
281 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
295 * New ISO C 9x function _Exit, imaxabs, and imaxdiv are added.
297 * New xdr functions are added; some rpc functions are now 64bit clean.
299 * Fixed a number of bugs and memory leaks (especially in NIS+ code).
301 * Fixed known incompatibilities with glibc 2.0.
303 * New functions lock64, strchrnul, rawmemchr, getutmp and getutmpx.
305 * Optimized a number of functions (especially the ELF dynamic loader).
307 * Update timezone data files.
309 * lots of charmaps corrections
311 * some new locale definitions and charmaps
316 * Richard Henderson corrected size of struct timeval on Linux/Alpha to
317 conform to POSIX member type requirements. Symbol versions have been
318 adjusted as needed within the library, and for direct use by applications,
319 but there is potential for problems if third-party libraries use
320 struct timeval as part of their interface. This does not present
321 a problem for X and other "essential" system libraries.
323 * An additional locale model to support C++ Standard Library locale
324 model and probably more was implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
326 * Eric Youngdale and Ulrich Drepper implemented versioning of objects on
329 * Miles Bader provided the `argp' function family to support hierachical
330 command line argument parsing, layered on top of getopt.
332 * strtod accepts new hexadecimal floating-point format from ISO C 9X.
334 * printf has two new specifiers %a and %A to print hexadecimal flaoting-point
337 * scanf recognizes the %a and %A format for scanning floating point numbers.
339 * the new headers <stdint.h> and <inttypes.h> from ISO C 9X provides
340 information and interfaces for the available integer types.
342 * about 130 new math functions were added to implement the ISO C9x math
345 * the new header <complex.h> contains definitions of the complex math
346 functions from ISO C 9X.
348 * the new header <tgmath.h> defines generic macros to use complex or
349 real valued functions.
351 * Thorsten Kukuk provided an implementation for NIS+, securelevel 0, 1 and 2.
353 * Andreas Jaeger provided a test suite for the math library.
355 * Mark Kettenis implemented the utmpx interface and an utmp daemon.
357 * Ulrich Drepper added character set conversion functions (iconv).
359 * Optimized string functions have been added.
361 * The localedata addon is now part of glibc.
363 * An implementation of profiling shared libraries was added by Ulrich Drepper.
365 * Thorsten Kukuk and Ulrich Drepper provided an implementation for a caching
366 daemon for NSS (nscd).
368 Missing a better place here are some numbers on improvements. Under
369 Linux 2.1.125 un-tar-ing the kernel sources takes
373 using local files 12.19s 6.88s 22.91s
375 using NIS 13.92s 8.91s 26.34s
377 using NIS & nscd 10.37s 7.34s 25.30s
379 using NIS+ 27.57s 30.37s 640.46s
381 using NIS+ & nscd 10.25s 7.83s 26.51s
383 using NIS & old nscd [1] 13.83s 8.32s 29.60s
385 Keep in mind that non-namelookup related operations dominate above times.
386 It was just a common complain that using NIS+ unpacking the kernel is
389 [1] The old nscd implementation is not available anymore since it was
390 distributed with glibc up to version 2.0.98 and thus is now replaced.
392 * Tim Waugh provided an implementation of the POSIX.2 wordexp function family.
394 * Mark Kettenis provided a Hesiod NSS module.
396 * The ELF dynamic loader knows how to process dynamic string tokens ($ORIGIN
397 and $PLATFORM) in RPATHs and similar strings (Ulrich Drepper).
399 * rcmd can now handle netgroups (Dick Streefland).
401 * A port to the ARM was contributed by Phil Blundell, Pat Beirne and Scott
404 * Support for the IPv6 protocol has been added to the socket API, as per the
405 latest draft standards.
407 * Support for Linux 2.2 has been added.
409 * Interface changes relative to the latest 2.0.x release:
410 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
411 addseverity NEW: Unix98
413 argp_err_exit_status NEW: argp, GNU ext
414 argp_error NEW: argp, GNU ext
415 argp_failure NEW: argp, GNU ext
416 argp_help NEW: argp, GNU ext
417 argp_parse NEW: argp, GNU ext
418 argp_program_bug_address NEW: argp, GNU ext
419 argp_program_version NEW: argp, GNU ext
420 argp_program_version_hook NEW: argp, GNU ext
421 argp_state_help NEW: argp, GNU ext
422 argp_usage NEW: argp, GNU ext
423 authdes_create NEW: Secure RPC
424 authdes_getucred NEW: Secure RPC
425 authdes_pk_create NEW: Secure RPC
426 backtrace NEW: GNU ext.
427 backtrace_symbols NEW: GNU ext.
428 backtrace_symbols_fd NEW: GNU ext.
432 cacoshf NEW: ISO C 9x
433 cacoshl NEW: ISO C 9x
443 casinhf NEW: ISO C 9x
444 casinhl NEW: ISO C 9x
449 catanhf NEW: ISO C 9x
450 catanhl NEW: ISO C 9x
452 cbc_crypt NEW: Secure RPC
465 clearerr_locked REMOVED
466 clntunix_create NEW: sunrpc ext
469 clog10f NEW: ISO C 9x
470 clog10l NEW: ISO C 9x
501 des_setparity NEW: Secure RPC
502 ecb_crypt NEW: Secure RPC
503 endutxent NEW: Unix98
515 feclearexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
516 fegetenv NEW: ISO C 9x
517 fegetexceptflag NEW: ISO C 9x
518 fegetround NEW: ISO C 9x
519 feholdexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
521 feraiseexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
522 ferror_locked REMOVED
523 fesetenv NEW: ISO C 9x
524 fesetexceptflag NEW: ISO C 9x
525 fesetround NEW: ISO C 9x
526 fetestexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
527 feupdateenv NEW: ISO C 9x
528 fflush_locked REMOVED
532 fgets_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
533 fileno_locked REMOVED
546 fputs_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
547 fread_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
558 fwrite_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
559 gai_strerror NEW: IPv6
563 getchar_locked REMOVED
565 getdate_err NEW: Unix98
566 getdate_r NEW: GNU ext.
568 getnameinfo NEW: IPv6
569 getnetname NEW: Secure RPC
571 getpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
573 getutxent NEW: Unix98
575 getutxline NEW: Unix98
577 globfree64 NEW: GNU ext.
578 gnu_get_libc_release NEW: GNU ext.
579 gnu_get_libc_version NEW: GNU ext.
580 grantpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
581 host2netname NEW: Secure RPC
583 iconv_close NEW: iconv
584 iconv_open NEW: iconv
585 if_freenameindex NEW: IPv6
586 if_indextoname NEW: IPv6
587 if_nameindex NEW: IPv6
588 if_nametoindex NEW: IPv6
589 in6addr_any NEW: IPv6
590 in6addr_loopback NEW: IPv6
591 inet6_isipv4mapped NEW: IPv6
592 isastream NEW: STREAMS
593 iswblank NEW: GNU ext.
594 key_decryptsession NEW: Secure RPC
595 key_decryptsession_pk NEW: Secure RPC
596 key_encryptsession NEW: Secure RPC
597 key_encryptsession_pk NEW: Secure RPC
598 key_gendes NEW: Secure RPC
599 key_get_conv NEW: Secure RPC
600 key_secretkey_is_set NEW: Secure RPC
601 key_setnet NEW: Secure RPC
602 key_setsecret NEW: Secure RPC
604 llrintf NEW: ISO C 9x
605 llrintl NEW: ISO C 9x
606 llround NEW: ISO C 9x
607 llroundf NEW: ISO C 9x
608 llroundl NEW: ISO C 9x
616 lroundf NEW: ISO C 9x
617 lroundl NEW: ISO C 9x
619 makecontext NEW: Unix98
620 mempcpy NEW: GNU ext.
623 modify_ldt NEW: kernel
627 nearbyint NEW: ISO C 9x
628 nearbyintf NEW: ISO C 9x
629 nearbyintl NEW: ISO C 9x
630 netname2host NEW: Secure RPC
631 netname2user NEW: Secure RPC
632 nexttoward NEW: ISO C 9x
633 nexttowardf NEW: ISO C 9x
634 nexttowardl NEW: ISO C 9x
638 passwd2des NEW: Secure RPC
644 printf_size NEW: GNU ext.
645 printf_size_info NEW: GNU ext.
646 profil_counter REMOVED
647 pthread_mutexattr_getkind_np REPLACED
648 pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np REPLACED
649 ptsname NEW: Unix98 PTY
650 ptsname_r NEW: Unix98 PTY
652 putchar_locked REMOVED
653 putgrent NEW: GNU ext.
656 pututxline NEW: Unix98
662 remquof NEW: ISO C 9x
663 remquol NEW: ISO C 9x
668 scalbln NEW: ISO C 9x
669 scalblnf NEW: ISO C 9x
670 scalblnl NEW: ISO C 9x
673 setcontext NEW: Unix98
675 setutxent NEW: Unix98
677 sigignore NEW: Unix98
678 sigqueue NEW: POSIX.1b
681 sigtimedwait NEW: POSIX.1b
682 sigwaitinfo NEW: POSIX.1b
684 sincosf NEW: GNU ext.
685 sincosl NEW: GNU ext.
689 strcasestr NEW: GNU ext.
690 strtoimax NEW: ISO C 9x
691 strtoumax NEW: ISO C 9x
692 strverscmp NEW: GNU ext.
693 svcauthdes_stats NEW: Secure RPC
694 svcunix_create NEW: sunrpc etx
695 svcunixfd_create NEW: sunrpc ext
696 swapcontext NEW: Unix98
697 tcgetsid NEW: Unix98 PTY
698 tdestroy NEW: GNU ext.
700 tgammaf NEW: ISO C 9x
701 tgammal NEW: ISO C 9x
708 unlockpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
710 user2netname NEW: Secure RPC
711 utmpxname NEW: Unix98
712 versionsort NEW: GNU ext.
713 versionsort64 NEW: GNU ext.
715 wcscasecmp NEW: GNU ext.
716 wcsncasecmp NEW: GNU ext.
717 wcsnlen NEW: GNU ext.
718 wcstoimax NEW: ISO C 9x
719 wcstoll NEW: ISO C 9x
720 wcstoull NEW: ISO C 9x
721 wcstoumax NEW: ISO C 9x
724 wordfree NEW: POSIX.2
725 write_profiling REMOVED
726 xdecrypt NEW: Secure RPC
727 xdr_authdes_cred NEW: Secure RPC
728 xdr_authdes_verf NEW: Secure RPC
729 xdr_cryptkeyarg NEW: Secure RPC
730 xdr_cryptkeyarg2 NEW: Secure RPC
731 xdr_cryptkeyres NEW: Secure RPC
732 xdr_getcredres NEW: Secure RPC
733 xdr_key_netstarg NEW: Secure RPC
734 xdr_key_netstres NEW: Secure RPC
735 xdr_keybuf NEW: Secure RPC
736 xdr_keystatus NEW: Secure RPC
737 xdr_netnamestr NEW: Secure RPC
738 xdr_sizeof NEW: Secure RPC
739 xdr_unixcred NEW: sunrpc ext
740 xencrypt NEW: Secure RPC
741 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
752 * inet_ntoa is thread-safe
754 * updwtmp is moved from libutil to libc
756 * rewrite of cbrt function
758 * update of timezone data
774 * fix complex problems in Berkeley DB code
780 * fixed lots of header problems (especially Linux/GNU specific)
782 * dynamic loader preserves all registers
784 * Roland McGrath provided support for handling of auxiliary objects in
785 the ELF dynamic loader.
787 * support for parallel builds is improved
791 * GNU extensions are no longer declared by default. To enable them you
792 must define the macro `_GNU_SOURCE' in your program or compile with
795 * The library has changed from using GNU ld symbol aliases to using weak
796 symbols where available. The ELF object file format supports weak
797 symbols; GNU ld also supports weak symbols in the a.out format. (There
798 is also now support for other GNU ld extensions in ELF. Use the
799 `--with-elf' option to configure to indicate you have ELF, and
800 `--with-gnu-ld' if using GNU ld.) This change resulted in the deletion
801 of many files which contained only symbol aliases, reducing the size of
802 the source and the compiled library; many other files were renamed to
803 less cryptic names previously occupied by the symbol alias files.
804 There is a new header file <elf.h> for programs which operate on
805 files in the ELF format.
807 * Converted to Autoconf version 2, so `configure' has more options.
808 Run `configure --help' to see the details.
810 * The library can now be configured to build profiling, highly-optimized
811 (but undebuggable), and/or shared libraries (ELF with GNU ld only). The
812 `--enable-profile', `--enable-omitfp', and `--enable-shared' options to
813 `configure' enable building these extra libraries. The shared library is
814 built by default when using both ELF and GNU ld. When shared libraries
815 are enabled, the new library `-ldl' is available for arbitrary run-time
816 loading of shared objects; its interface is defined in <dlfcn.h>. The
817 new header file <link.h> gives access to the internals of the run-time
818 dynamic linker, `ld.so'. The shell script `ldd' is similar to the
819 application of same name on other systems and it provides information
820 about dynamically linked binaries.
822 * The C library now provides the run-time support code for profiling
823 executables compiled with `-pg'. Programs can control the profiling code
824 through the interface in <sys/gmon.h>. The `gmon.out' files written by
825 the GNU C library can be read only by GNU `gprof' (from GNU binutils);
826 the support for this file format was contributed by David Mosberger-Tang.
828 * The math code has been replaced with a math library based on fdlibm from
829 Sun, and modified by JT Conklin and Ulrich Drepper with i387 support, by
830 Ian Taylor with `float' functions and by Ulrich Drepper with `long double'
831 functions. The math functions now reside in a separate library, so
832 programs using them will need to use `-lm' their linking commands.
834 * John C. Bowman contributed optimized ix87 assembler inline functions.
836 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed support for an `/etc/nsswitch.conf'
837 mechanism similar to that found in Solaris 2. This is now used for the
838 group, passwd, hosts, networks, services, protocols, rpc, ethers,
839 shadow, netgroup, publickey, and alias databases. The `nsswitch.conf'
840 file controls what services are used for each individual database. This
841 works by loading shared libraries with names specified in `nsswitch.conf',
842 so service modules can be changed or added at any time without even
843 relinking any program. Currently there are the file, db, and NIS based
844 NSS services available.
846 * The new functions `strtoq' and `strtouq' parse integer values from
847 strings, like `strtol' and `strtoul', but they return `long long int' and
848 `unsigned long long int' values, respectively (64-bit quantities).
850 * The new functions `strtof' and `strtold' parse floating-point values from
851 strings, like `strtod', but they return `float' and `long double' values,
852 respectively (on some machines `double' and `long double' are the same).
854 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new implementations of the floating-point
855 printing and reading code used in the `printf' family of functions and
856 `strtod', `strtof', and `strtold'. These new functions are perfectly
857 accurate, and much faster than the old ones.
859 * The implementation of the POSIX locale model was completely rewritten by
860 Ulrich Drepper. This includes the new programs `localedef' and `locale'
861 to compile the POSIX locale definition.
863 * The former dummy implementations of the strcoll and strxfrm function are
864 now replaced by fully functional code contributed by Ulrich Drepper. The
865 collation information comes from the POSIX locale definitions.
867 * The new header <langinfo.h> defines an interface for accessing
868 various locale-dependent data (using the locale chosen with `setlocale').
870 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed a new suite of functions for operation on
871 wide-character and multibyte-character strings, in <wchar.h>;
872 and classification and case conversion of wide characters, in <wctype.h>.
873 These new functions are conforming to the ISO C, Amendement 1 specification.
875 * There is now a second implementation of the standard I/O library available.
876 It comes from GNU libg++ as was written by Per Bothner, heavily modified
877 by Hongjiu Lu and made thread safe by Ulrich Drepper.
879 * You can now use positional parameter specifications in format strings
880 for the `printf' and `scanf' families of functions. For example,
881 `printf ("Number %2$d, Mr %1$s\n", "Jones", 6);'' prints
882 ``Number 6, Mr Jones''. This is mainly useful when providing different
883 format strings for different languages, whose grammars may dictate
884 different orderings of the values being printed. To support this
885 feature, the interface for `register_printf_handler' has changed; see
886 the header file <printf.h> for details.
888 * The `printf' and `scanf' families of functions now understand a new
889 formatting flag for numeric conversions: the ' flag (e.g. %'d or %'f) says
890 to group numbers as indicated by the locale; for `scanf' and friends, this
891 says to accept as valid only a number with all the proper grouping
892 separators in the right places. In the default "C" locale, numbers are
893 not grouped; but locales for specific countries will define the usual
894 conventions (i.e. separate thousands with `,' in the US locale).
896 * The pgrp functions have been regularized, slightly incompatibly but much
897 less confusingly. The core functions are now `getpgid' and `setpgid',
898 which take arguments for the PID to operate on; the POSIX.1 `getpgrp' (no
899 argument) and BSD `setpgrp' (identical to `setpgid') functions are
900 provided for compatibility. There is no longer an incompatible `getpgrp'
901 with an argument declared under _BSD_SOURCE; no BSD code uses it.
903 * The new header file <fts.h> and suite of functions simplify programs that
904 operate on directory trees. This code comes from 4.4 BSD.
906 * The resolver code has been updated from the BIND 4.9.5-P1 release.
907 Parts of the code were heavily modified by Ulrich Drepper to fit in the
908 NSS scheme used in glibc.
910 * There is a new malloc debugging hook `__memalign_hook'.
912 * There are new typedefs `ushort' for `unsigned short int' and `uint' for
913 `unsigned int' in <sys/types.h>. These are for compatibility only and
914 their use is discouraged.
916 * The `-lmcheck' library to enable standard malloc debugging hooks is now
917 done differently, so that it works even without GNU ld.
919 * New function `euidaccess' checks allowed access to a file like `access',
920 but using the effective IDs instead of the real IDs.
922 * The time zone data files have been updated for the latest and greatest
923 local time conventions of the countries of the world.
925 * The new function `dirfd' extracts the file descriptor used by a DIR stream;
928 * The new functions `ecvt', `fcvt', and `gcvt' provide an obsolete interface
929 for formatting floating-point numbers. They are provided only for
930 compatibility; new programs should use `sprintf' instead. There are
931 also equivalent function for the `long double' floating-point type and
932 all functions also exist in a reentrant form.
934 * The new auxiliary library `-lutil' from 4.4 BSD contains various
935 functions for maintaining the login-record files (primarily of use to
936 system programs such as `login'), and convenient functions for
937 allocating and initializing a pseudo-terminal (pty) device.
939 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new support for System V style
940 shared memory and IPC on systems that support it.
942 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed several miscellaneous new functions found
943 in System V: The `hsearch' family of functions provide an effective
944 implementation of hash tables; `a64l' and `l64a' provide a very simple
945 binary to ASCII mapping; `drand48' and friends provide a 48-bit random
948 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new reentrant counterparts for the
949 `random' and `hsearch' families of functions; `random_r', `hsearch_r', etc.
951 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new, highly-optimized versions of several
952 string functions for the i486/Pentium family of processors.
954 * Ulrich Drepper has updated the Linux-specific code, based largely
955 on work done in Hongjiu Lu's version of GNU libc for Linux.
956 The GNU library now supports Linux versions 2.0.10 and later,
957 using the ELF object file format (i[3456]86-*-linux).
959 * Andreas Schwab has ported the C library to Linux/m68k (m68k-*-linux).
961 * David Mosberger-Tang and Richard Henderson have ported the C library
962 to Linux/Alpha (alpha-*-linux). Richard Henderson contributed the
963 dynamic linking support for ELF/Alpha.
965 * Richard Henderson contributed several Alpha optimized assembler function
966 for arithmetic and string handling.
968 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed a new set of message catalog functions to
969 support multiple languages using the <libintl.h> interface, for use with
970 his new package GNU gettext. Translation volunteers have contributed
971 catalogs of the library's messages in Spanish, German, and Korean.
973 * For compatibility with XPG4, Ulrich Drepper has contributed the `gencat'
974 program and the `catgets' function for reading the catalog files it
975 creates. (The <libintl.h> interface is preferred; we include the
976 <nl_types.h> interface using `catgets' only for source compatibility with
977 programs already written to use it.)
979 * New header file <values.h> gives SVID-compatible names for <limits.h>
982 * Various new macros, declarations, and small header files for compatibility
985 * New function `group_member' is a convenient way to check if a process has
986 a given effective group ID.
988 * When using GCC 2.7 and later, the socket functions are now declared in a
989 special way so that passing an argument of type `struct sockaddr_in *',
990 `struct sockaddr_ns *', or `struct sockaddr_un *' instead of the generic
991 `struct sockaddr *' type, does not generate a type-clash warning.
993 * New function `error' declared in header file <error.h> is a convenient
994 function for printing error messages and optionally exiting; this is the
995 canonical function used in GNU programs. The new functions `err', `warn',
996 and friends in header file <err.h> are the canonical 4.4 BSD interface for
997 doing the same thing.
999 * The <glob.h> interface has several new flags from 4.4 BSD that extend the
1000 POSIX.2 `glob' function to do ~ and {...} expansion.
1002 * New function `unsetenv' complements `setenv' for compatibility with 4.4 BSD.
1003 `clearenv' which is used in POSIX.9 is also available.
1005 * New function `getsid' returns session ID number on systems that support it.
1007 * We have incorporated the 4.4 BSD `db' library (version 1.85). New header
1008 files <db.h> and <mpool.h> provide a rich set of functions for several
1009 types of simple databases stored in memory and in files, and <ndbm.h> is
1010 an old `ndbm'-compatible interface using the `db' functions. Link with
1011 `-ldb' to get these functions.
1013 * New macro `strdupa' copies a string like `strdup', but uses local stack
1014 space from `alloca' instead of dynamic heap space from `malloc'.
1016 * New function `strnlen' is like `strlen' but searches only a given maximum
1017 number of characters for the null terminator. `stpncpy', `strndup' and
1018 `strndupa' are similar variants for the `stpcpy', `strdup' and `strdupa'
1021 * New function `statfs' in header <sys/statfs.h>.
1023 * The new <argz.h> and <envz.h> interfaces contributed by Miles Bader
1024 provide convenient functions for operating on blocks of null-terminated
1027 * A new suite of functions in <utmp.h> handle all the details of reading
1028 and writing the utmp file.
1030 * An implementation of the NIS/YP(tm) based NSS service was contributed by
1033 * Paul Eggert and Ulrich Drepper modified the `strftime' function to be
1034 completely POSIX compliant and also implemented the extended functionality
1035 to handle alternate digit representation and alternate era date formats.
1037 * Ulrich Drepper provided an implementation of the `strptime' function
1038 defined in XPG4.2 which transforms a string into a `struct tm' value.
1040 * Paul Eggert provided the tzselect shell script as part of the timezone
1041 code. The shell script makes it easy to select the correct timezone
1044 * The implementation of the malloc family of functions is completely replaced
1045 by a new implementation by Doug Lea with many improvements by Wolfram Gloger.
1046 The implementation uses the mmap function (if available) and it is
1047 optimized for the use in multi threaded programs.
1049 * Ulrich Drepper contributed a MD5 "encryption" for the crypt family of
1050 functions. This new functionality is usable by specifying a special
1051 salt string and it is compatible with implementation on *BSD systems.
1053 * Lots of functions from the XPG4.2 standard were added by Ulrich Drepper:
1054 `getsubopt' to handle second level command line options, `bsd_signal'
1055 to access BSD style `signal' functionality, the obsolete `regexp' style
1058 * the `lchown' function is available on system which support this
1061 * The implementation of the shadow password handling function was contributed
1064 * David Mosberger-Tang changed the SunRPC implementation to be 64bit safe.
1066 * POSIX.1g support was added. The <sys/select.h> header is available,
1067 `isfdtype' and `pselect' are implemented. Craig Metz contributed an
1068 implementation of `getaddrinfo'.
1072 * For cross-compilation you should now set `BUILD_CC' instead of `HOST_CC'.
1074 * New header file <fstab.h> and new functions `getfsspec', `getfsent' and
1075 friends, for parsing /etc/fstab. This code comes from 4.4 BSD.
1077 * The new function `daemon' from 4.4 BSD is useful for server programs that
1078 want to put themselves in the background.
1080 * Joel Sherrill has contributed support for several standalone boards that
1081 run without an operating system.
1083 * `printf', `scanf' and friends now accept a `q' type modifier for long
1084 long int as well as `ll'. Formats using these might be `%qu' or `%lld'.
1086 * All of the code taken from BSD (notably most of the math and networking
1087 routines) has been updated from the BSD 4.4-Lite release.
1089 * The resolver code has been updated from the BIND-4.9.3-BETA9 release.
1091 * The new functions `getdomainname' and `setdomainname' fetch or change the
1092 YP/NIS domain name. These are system calls which exist on systems which
1095 * The time zone data files have been updated for the latest international
1098 * The SunRPC programs `portmap' and `rpcinfo' are now installed in
1099 $(sbindir) (usually /usr/local/sbin) instead of $(bindir).
1103 * The C library now includes support for Sun RPC, from Sun's free
1104 RPCSRC-4.0 distribution. The `portmap', `rpcinfo', and `rpcgen' programs
1105 are included. (There is still no support for YP.)
1107 * Tom Quinn has contributed a port of the C library to SGI machines running
1108 Irix 4 (mips-sgi-irix4).
1110 * The new `lockf' function is a simplified interface to the locking
1111 facilities of `fcntl', included for compatibility.
1113 * New time functions `timegm', `timelocal', and `dysize' for compatibility.
1115 * New header file <sys/timeb.h> and new function `ftime' for compatibility.
1117 * New header files <poll.h> and <sys/poll.h> and new function `poll' for
1120 * The error message printed by `assert' for a failed assertion now includes
1121 the name of the program (if using GNU ld) and the name of the calling
1122 function (with versions of GCC that support this).
1124 * The `psignal' function is now declared in <signal.h>, not <stdio.h>.
1126 * The library now includes the <sys/mman.h> header file and memory
1127 management functions `mmap', `munmap', `mprotect', `msync', and
1128 `madvise', on systems that support those facilities.
1130 * The interface for `mcheck' has changed slightly: the function called to
1131 abort the program when an allocation inconsistency is detected now takes
1132 an argument that indicates the type of failure. The new function
1133 `mprobe' lets you request a consistency check for a particular block at
1134 any time (checks are normally done only when you call `free' or `realloc'
1137 * It is now possible to easily cross-compile the C library, building on one
1138 system a library to run on another machine and/or operating system. All
1139 you need to do is set the variable `HOST_CC' in `configparms' to the
1140 native compiler for programs to run on the machine you are building on (a
1141 few generator programs are used on Unix systems); set `CC' to the
1144 * The new function `fexecve' (only implemented on the GNU system) executes
1145 a program file given a file descriptor already open on the file.
1149 * Brendan Kehoe has contributed most of a port to the DEC Alpha
1150 running OSF/1 (alpha-dec-osf1). He says it is 75% complete.
1152 * You can set the variable `libprefix' in `configparms' to specify a prefix
1153 to be prepended to installed library files; this makes it easy to install
1154 the GNU C library to be linked as `-lgnuc' or whatever.
1156 * The new `stpncpy' is a cross between `stpcpy' and `strncpy': It
1157 copies a limited number of characters from a string, and returns the
1158 address of the last character written.
1160 * You no longer need to check for whether the installed `stddef.h' is
1161 compatible with the GNU C library. configure now checks for you.
1163 * You can now define a per-stream `fileno' function to convert the
1164 stream's cookie into an integral file descriptor.
1166 * ``malloc (0)'' no longer returns a null pointer. Instead, it
1167 allocates zero bytes of storage, and returns a unique pointer which
1168 you can pass to `realloc' or `free'. The behavior is undefined if
1169 you dereference this pointer.
1171 * The C library now runs on Sony NEWS m68k machines running either
1172 NewsOS 3 or NewsOS 4.
1174 * The new `syscall' function is a system-dependent primitive function
1175 for invoking system calls. It has the canonical behavior on Unix
1176 systems, including unreliable return values for some calls (such as
1177 `pipe', `fork' and `getppid').
1179 * The error code `EWOULDBLOCK' is now obsolete; it is always defined
1180 to `EAGAIN', which is the preferred name. On systems whose kernels
1181 use two distinct codes, the C library now translates EWOULDBLOCK to
1182 EAGAIN in every system call function.
1186 * The GNU C Library Reference Manual is now distributed with the library.
1187 `make dvi' will produce a DVI file of the printed manual.
1188 `make info' will produce Info files that you can read on line using C-h i
1189 in Emacs or the `info' program.
1190 Please send comments on the manual to bug-glibc-manual@gnu.org.
1192 * The library now supports SVR4 on i386s (i386-unknown-sysv4).
1194 * Brendan Kehoe has contributed a port to Sun SPARCs running Solaris 2.
1196 * Jason Merrill has contributed a port to the Sequent Symmetry running
1197 Dynix version 3 (i386-sequent-dynix).
1199 * The library has been ported to i386s running SCO 3.2.4 (also known as SCO
1200 ODT 2.0; i386-unknown-sco3.2.4) or SCO 3.2 (i386-unknown-sco3.2).
1202 * New function `memory_warnings' lets you arrange to get warnings when
1203 malloc is running out of memory to allocate, like Emacs gives you.
1205 * The C library now contains the relocating allocator used in Emacs 19 for
1206 its editing buffers. This allocator (ralloc) minimizes allocation
1207 overhead and fragmentation by moving allocated regions around whenever it
1208 needs to. You always refer to a ralloc'd region with a "handle" (a
1209 pointer to a pointer--an object of type `void **').
1211 * There is a new `printf' format: `%m' gives you the string corresponding
1212 to the error code in `errno'.
1214 * In `scanf' formats, you can now use `%as' or `%a[' to do the normal `%s'
1215 or `%[' conversion, but instead of filling in a fixed-sized buffer you
1216 pass, the `a' modifier says to fill in a `char **' you pass with a
1219 * The `fnmatch' function supports the new flag bits `FNM_LEADING_DIR' and
1220 `FNM_CASEFOLD'. `FNM_LEADING_DIR' lets a pattern like `foo*' match a
1221 name like `foo/bar'. `FNM_CASEFOLD' says to ignore case in matching.
1223 * `mkstemp' is a traditional Unix function to atomically create and open a
1224 uniquely-named temporary file.
1228 * The standard location for the file that says what the local timezone is
1229 has changed again. It is now `/usr/local/etc/localtime' (or more
1230 precisely, `${prefix}/etc/localtime') rather than `/etc/localtime'.
1232 * The distribution no longer contains any files with names longer than 14
1235 * `struct ttyent' has two new flag bits: TTY_TRUSTED and TTY_CONSOLE.
1236 These are set by the new `trusted' and `console' keywords in `/etc/ttys'.
1238 * New functions `ttyslot' and `syslog' from 4.4 BSD.
1242 * The configuration process has changed quite a bit. The `configure'
1243 script is now used just like the configuration scripts for other GNU
1244 packages. The `sysdeps' directory hierarchy is much rearranged.
1245 The file `INSTALL' explains the new scheme in detail.
1247 * The header files no longer need to be processed into ANSI C and
1248 traditional C versions. There is just one set of files to install, and
1249 it will work with ANSI or old C compilers (including `gcc -traditional').
1251 * Brendan Kehoe and Ian Lance Taylor have ported the library to the
1252 MIPS DECStation running Ultrix 4.
1254 * The Sun 4 startup code (crt0) can now properly load SunOS 4 shared libraries.
1255 Tom Quinn contributed the initial code. The GNU C library can NOT yet be
1256 made itself into a shared library.
1258 * Yet further improved support for the i386, running 4.3 BSD-like systems
1259 (such as Mach 3 with the Unix single-server), or System V.
1261 * New function `strncasecmp' to do case-insensitive string comparison
1262 with limited length.
1264 * New function `strsep' is a reentrant alternative to `strtok'.
1266 * New functions `scandir' and `alphasort' for searching directories.
1268 * New function `setenv' is a better interface to `putenv'.
1270 * Ian Lance Taylor has contributed an implementation of the SVID `ftw'
1271 function for traversing a directory tree.
1273 * The GNU obstack package is now also part of the C library.
1274 The new function `open_obstack_stream' creates a stdio stream that
1275 writes onto an obstack; `obstack_printf' and `obstack_vprintf' do
1276 formatted output directly to an obstack.
1278 * Miscellaneous new functions: reboot, nice, sigaltstack (4.4 BSD only),
1279 cfmakeraw, getusershell, getpass, swab, getttyent, seteuid, setegid.
1281 * `FNM_FILE_NAME' is another name for `FNM_PATHNAME', used with `fnmatch'.
1283 * The new functions `strfry' and `memfrob' do mysterious and wonderful
1284 things to your strings.
1286 * There are some new test programs: test-fseek, testmb, and testrand.
1288 * Some work has been done to begin porting the library to 4.4 BSD and Linux.
1289 These ports are not finished, but are a good starting place for really
1290 supporting those systems.
1292 * `/etc/localtime' is now the standard location for the file that says what
1293 the local timezone is, rather than `/usr/local/lib/zoneinfo/localtime'.
1294 This follows the general principle that `/etc' is the place for all local
1295 configuration files.
1297 * The C library header files now use `extern "C"' when used by the C++
1298 compiler, so the C library should now work with C++ code.
1300 * The header file <bstring.h> is gone. <string.h> now declares bcopy,
1301 bcmp, bzero, and ffs. (Update: nowadays these functions are declared
1304 * Mike Haertel (of GNU e?grep and malloc fame) has written a new sorting
1305 function which uses the `merge sort' algorithm, and is said to be
1306 significantly faster than the old GNU `qsort' function. Merge sort is
1307 now the standard `qsort' function. The new algorithm can require a lot
1308 of temporary storage; so, the old sorting function is called when the
1309 required storage is not available.
1311 * The C library now includes Michael Glad's Ultra Fast Crypt, which
1312 provides the Unix `crypt' function, plus some other entry points.
1314 * The code and header files taken from 4.4 BSD have been updated with the
1315 latest files released from Berkeley.
1317 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
1318 Copyright information:
1320 Copyright (C) 1992-1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1322 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
1323 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
1324 copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved,
1325 thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn.
1327 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
1328 of this document, or of portions of it,
1329 under the above conditions, provided also that they
1330 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them.
1333 version-control: never