| blob | 394877c490c190d73632f3a1b23c672a6dd65519 |
1 # @(#)asia 7.48
3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
8 #
9 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (4th edition),
11 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1995).
12 # Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below.
13 #
14 # Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source
15 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
19 #
20 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
21 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
22 #
23 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
24 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
25 # I found in the UCLA library.
26 #
27 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
28 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
29 #
30 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
31 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
32 # Corrections are welcome!
33 # std dst
34 # LMT Local Mean Time
35 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
36 # 2:00 IST IDT Israel
37 # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
38 # 4:00 GST Gulf*
39 # 5:30 IST India
40 # 7:00 ICT Indochina*
41 # 8:00 CST China
42 # 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
43 # 9:00 JST Japan
44 # 9:00 KST Korea
45 # 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
46 #
47 # See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
49 # From Guy Harris:
50 # Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
51 # additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
52 # Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
53 # Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
55 ###############################################################################
57 # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
58 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
59 Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
60 Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
61 Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
62 Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
63 Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
64 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
65 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
66 Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
67 Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
68 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
69 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
70 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
71 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
72 Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
74 # Afghanistan
75 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
76 Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
77 4:00 - AFT 1945
78 4:30 - AFT
80 # Armenia
81 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27):
82 # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
83 # but usno1995 has Armenia at 4:00 (with DST), and Edgar Der-Danieliantz
84 # <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
85 # in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
86 # Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
87 # but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. IATA SSIM (1999-02) reports
88 # that they switch one day later in 2001 (i.e. on Mondays).
89 # What a mess! We guess Yerevan DST stayed in sync with Moscow between 1990
90 # and 1995, did not use DST in 1996, and started using DST again in 1997.
91 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
92 Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
93 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
94 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
95 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
96 3:00 1:00 AMST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s # Armenia Time
97 3:00 - AMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
98 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1996
99 4:00 - AMT 1997
100 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT
102 # Azerbaijan
103 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
104 Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S
105 Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 -
106 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
107 Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
108 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
109 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
110 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
111 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s
112 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
113 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
114 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
116 # Bahrain
117 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
118 Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al-Manamah
119 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
120 3:00 - AST
122 # Bangladesh
123 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
124 Zone Asia/Dacca 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
125 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
126 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
127 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
128 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
129 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
130 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time
132 # Bhutan
133 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
134 Zone Asia/Thimbu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15
135 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
136 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
138 # British Indian Ocean Territory
139 # From Whitman:
140 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
141 Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT # BIOT Time
143 # Brunei
144 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
145 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
146 7:30 - BNT 1933
147 8:00 - BNT
149 # Burma / Myanmar
150 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
151 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
152 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
153 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
154 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
155 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
157 # Cambodia
158 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
159 Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
160 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
161 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
162 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
163 7:00 - ICT
165 # China
167 # From Guy Harris:
168 # People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
170 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
171 # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
172 # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
173 # Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
174 # has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
175 # the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
176 #
177 # . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
178 # painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
179 # DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
180 #
181 # 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
182 # 1987 mid-April - ??
184 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
185 # CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
186 # CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
188 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
189 # Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
190 # observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
191 # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
192 # Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.
194 # From Shanks (1995):
195 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
196 Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
197 Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
198 Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
199 Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
200 Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
201 Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
202 Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
203 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
204 Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928
205 8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time
206 8:00 - CST 1940
207 9:00 - HART 1966 May
208 8:30 - HART 1980 May
209 8:00 PRC C%sT
210 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
211 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
212 8:00 PRC C%sT
213 Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928
214 7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time
215 8:00 PRC C%sT
216 Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
217 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
218 8:00 PRC C%sT
219 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928
220 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
221 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
222 8:00 PRC C%sT
223 # Hong Kong
224 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
225 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
226 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
227 Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
228 Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
229 Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
230 Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
231 Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
232 Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
233 Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
234 Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
235 Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
236 Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
237 Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
238 Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
239 Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
240 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
241 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
242 8:00 HK HK%sT 1997 Jul 1 # return to China
243 8:00 PRC C%sT
246 ###############################################################################
248 # Taiwan
250 # Shanks (1995) writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
251 # was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
252 # have any other information.
254 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
255 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
256 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
257 Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
258 Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
259 Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
260 Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
261 Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
262 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
263 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
264 Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
265 Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
266 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
267 Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896
268 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
270 # Macao
271 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
272 Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
273 Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
274 Rule Macao 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
275 Rule Macao 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
276 Rule Macao 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
277 Rule Macao 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
278 Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
279 Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
280 Rule Macao 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
281 Rule Macao 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
282 Rule Macao 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
283 Rule Macao 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
284 Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
285 Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
286 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
287 Zone Asia/Macao 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
288 8:00 Macao MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
289 8:00 PRC C%sT
292 ###############################################################################
294 # Cyprus
295 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
296 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
297 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
298 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
299 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
300 Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
301 Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
302 Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
303 Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
304 Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
305 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
306 Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
307 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
308 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
309 # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
311 # Georgia
312 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19):
313 # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
314 # an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
315 # an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
316 # We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
317 #
318 # From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
319 # Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
320 # will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
321 # President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
322 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
323 Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
324 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
325 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
326 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
327 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
328 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
329 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
330 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
331 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
332 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT
334 # India
335 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
336 Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880
337 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
338 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
339 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
340 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
341 5:30 - IST
342 # The following are like Asia/Calcutta:
343 # Andaman Is
344 # Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
345 # Nicobar Is
347 # Indonesia
348 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
349 Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
350 7:07:12 - JMT 1924 Jan 1 0:13 # Jakarta MT
351 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
352 7:30 - JAVT 1942 Mar 23
353 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
354 7:30 - JAVT 1948 May
355 8:00 - JAVT 1950 May
356 7:30 - JAVT 1964
357 7:00 - JAVT
358 Zone Asia/Ujung_Pandang 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
359 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
360 8:00 - BORT 1942 Feb 9 # Borneo Time
361 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
362 8:00 - BORT
363 Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
364 9:00 - JAYT 1944 # Jayapura Time
365 9:30 - CST 1964
366 9:00 - JAYT
368 # Iran
369 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales:
370 # Ahmea Alavi in
371 # <a href="http://tehran.stanford.edu/Iran_Lib/Calendar/taghveem.txt">
372 # TAGHVEEM (1993-07-12)
373 # </a>
374 # writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day
375 # of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.'' This disagrees with the SSIM:
376 #
377 # DST start DST end
378 # year SSIM Alavi SSIM Alavi
379 # 1991 05-03!= 03-21 09-20!= 09-23
380 # 1992 03-22!= 03-21 09-23 09-23
381 # 1993 03-21 03-21 09-23 09-23
382 # 1994 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
383 # 1995 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
384 # 1996 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22
385 # 1997 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23
386 # 1998 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23
387 # 1999 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
388 # 2000 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22
389 # 2001 03-17!= 03-21 09-19!= 09-23
390 #
391 # Go with Alavi starting with 1992.
392 # I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates.
393 # The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050
394 # are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
395 #
396 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
397 Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
398 Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
399 Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 -
400 Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
401 Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S
402 Rule Iran 1991 only - Sep 20 0:00s 0 -
403 Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
404 Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
405 Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
406 Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
407 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
408 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
409 Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
410 Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
411 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
412 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
413 Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
414 Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
415 Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
416 Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
417 Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
418 Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
419 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
420 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
421 Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
422 Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
423 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
424 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
425 Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
426 Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
427 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
428 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
429 Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
430 Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
431 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
432 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
433 Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
434 Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
435 Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
436 Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
437 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
438 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
439 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
440 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
441 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
442 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
443 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
444 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
445 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
446 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
447 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
448 Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
449 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
450 3:30 - IRT 1977 Nov
451 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
452 3:30 Iran IR%sT
454 # Iraq
455 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
456 Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
457 Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
458 Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
459 Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
460 Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
461 Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
462 # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
463 Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
464 Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 D
465 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
466 Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
467 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
468 3:00 - AST 1982 May
469 3:00 Iraq A%sT
472 ###############################################################################
474 # Israel
476 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
477 # ISRAEL 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
478 # ISRAEL 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 10 - SEP 3
480 # From Shanks (1995):
481 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
482 Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
483 Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
484 Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
485 Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
486 Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
487 Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
488 Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
489 Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
490 Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
491 Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
492 Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
493 Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
494 Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
495 Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
496 Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
497 Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
498 Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
499 Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
500 Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
501 Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
502 Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
503 Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
504 Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
505 Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
506 Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
507 Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
508 Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
509 Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
510 Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
511 Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
512 Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
513 Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
514 Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
515 Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
516 Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
517 Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
518 Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
519 Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
520 Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
521 Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
523 # From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il>
524 # (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16 and 1998-12-28):
526 # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
527 # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
528 # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
529 # days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
530 # daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
531 # 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
532 # Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
533 # time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
534 # time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
535 # conflicts with the Jewish New Year. Starting in 1999, the change to
536 # daylight savings time will still be on a Friday morning but from
537 # 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
538 # will now also be on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST.
540 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
541 Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
542 Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
543 Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
544 Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
545 Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
546 Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
547 Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
548 Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
549 Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
550 Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
552 # The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
553 # Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
554 # calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
556 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
557 Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
558 Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
559 Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
560 Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
562 # The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
563 # time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
564 # (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
565 #
566 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
567 #
568 # The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
569 #
570 # The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
571 #
572 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
573 #
574 # where YYYY is the relevant year.
576 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
577 Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
578 Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
579 Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
580 Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
581 Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
582 Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
583 Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
584 Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
586 # Due to imminent elections in 1999, there are no dates for the year 2000
587 # and beyond. There was a move to legislate the DST rules in Israel, but
588 # due to the government's fall, it most likely won't be brought to the Knesset
589 # for first reading before the elections and will probably be altered by the
590 # newly elected government.
592 # From Paul Eggert (1999-01-30):
593 # Here are guesses for rules after 1999.
594 # They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all.
595 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
596 Rule Zion 2000 max - Apr Fri>=1 2:00 1:00 D
597 Rule Zion 2000 max - Sep Fri>=1 2:00 0 S
599 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
600 Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
601 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
602 2:00 Zion I%sT
605 ###############################################################################
607 # Japan
609 # `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
611 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06):
612 # Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
613 # daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
614 # because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
615 # Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows:
616 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
617 #Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
618 #Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
619 #Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
620 #Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
621 # but the only locations using it were US military bases.
622 # We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo.
624 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
625 # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
626 # Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
627 # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
628 # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
629 # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
630 # The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
632 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
633 # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
634 # which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
635 # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
636 # standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
637 # time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
638 # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
639 # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
640 # standard....
641 #
642 # I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
643 # In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
645 # Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki)
646 # use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
648 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
649 Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
650 9:00 - JST 1896
651 9:00 - CJT 1938
652 9:00 - JST
653 # Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
655 # Jordan
656 #
657 # From
658 # <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
659 # Jordan Week (1999-07-01)
660 # </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
661 # Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
662 # in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
663 # all year round.
664 #
665 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
666 Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
667 Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
668 Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
669 Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
670 Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
671 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
672 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
673 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
674 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
675 Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
676 Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
677 Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
678 Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
679 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
680 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
681 Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
682 Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
683 Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
684 Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
685 Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
686 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
687 Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
688 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 Jul
689 2:00 1:00 EEST
691 # Kazakhstan
692 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
693 # Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
694 # stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
695 # and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
696 # Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
697 # IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
698 #
699 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
700 Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
701 5:00 - ALMT 1957 Mar # Alma-Ata Time
702 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
703 5:00 1:00 ALMST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
704 5:00 - ALMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
705 6:00 E-EurAsia ALM%sT
706 Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
707 4:00 - AKT 1957 Mar # Aktyubinsk Time
708 5:00 RussiaAsia AK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
709 4:00 1:00 AKTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
710 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtobe Time
711 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
712 Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aktau
713 4:00 - SHET 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko Time
714 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
715 4:00 1:00 AQTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
716 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtau Time
717 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun
718 4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
720 # Kirgizstan
721 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
722 Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S
723 Rule Kirgiz 1991 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
724 Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
725 Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
726 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
727 Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
728 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
729 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
730 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 # independence
731 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time
733 ###############################################################################
735 # Korea (North and South)
737 # From Guy Harris:
738 # According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco,
739 # Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know
740 # at what time of day DST starts or ends.
742 # From Shanks (1995):
743 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
744 Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
745 Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
746 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D
747 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S
749 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
750 Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
751 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
752 9:00 - KST 1928
753 8:30 - KST 1932
754 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
755 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
756 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
757 9:00 ROK K%sT
758 Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
759 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
760 9:00 - KST 1928
761 8:30 - KST 1932
762 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
763 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
764 9:00 - KST
766 ###############################################################################
768 # Kuwait
769 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
770 Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
771 3:00 - AST
773 # Laos
774 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
775 Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
776 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
777 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
778 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
779 7:00 - ICT
781 # Lebanon
782 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
783 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
784 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
785 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
786 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
787 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
788 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
789 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
790 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
791 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
792 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
793 Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
794 Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
795 Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
796 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
797 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
798 Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
799 Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
800 Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
801 Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
802 Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
803 Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
804 Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
805 Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
806 Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
807 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
808 Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
809 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
811 # Malaysia
812 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
813 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS
814 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
815 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
816 Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880
817 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
818 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
819 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
820 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
821 7:20 - MALT 1950
822 7:30 - MALT 1982 May
823 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
824 Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
825 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
826 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942
827 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
828 8:00 - BORT 1982 May
829 8:00 - MYT
831 # Maldives
832 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
833 Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
834 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
835 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
837 # Mongolia
838 # Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map
839 # Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01)
840 # </a>
841 # both say that it has just one.
842 # Let's comment out the western and eastern Mongolian time zones
843 # till we know what their principal towns are.
844 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
845 Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
846 Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
847 Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
848 Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 -
849 Rule Mongol 1991 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
850 Rule Mongol 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
851 Rule Mongol 1996 only - Oct Fri>=22 0:00 0 -
852 Rule Mongol 1997 max - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
853 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
854 #Zone Asia/Dariv 6:14:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
855 # 6:00 - DART 1978 # Dariv Time
856 # 7:00 Mongol DAR%sT
857 Zone Asia/Ulan_Bator 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
858 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulan Bator Time
859 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
860 #Zone Asia/Baruun-Urt 7:33:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
861 # 8:00 - BART 1978 # Baruun-Urt Time
862 # 9:00 Mongol BAR%sT
864 # Nepal
865 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
866 Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
867 5:30 - IST 1986
868 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
870 # Oman
871 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
872 Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920
873 4:00 - GST
875 # Pakistan
876 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
877 Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
878 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
879 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
880 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
881 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
882 5:00 - PKT # Pakistan Time
884 # Palestine
886 # From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15):
887 #
888 # From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
889 # known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
890 # Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
891 #
892 # The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
893 # (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
894 # time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
895 # though.
896 #
897 # The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
898 # annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
899 # the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
900 # Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
901 # towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
902 # East Jerusalem.
903 #
904 # Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
905 # for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
906 # have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
907 # of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
908 # time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
909 #
910 # The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
911 # towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
912 # demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
913 # summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
914 # know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
915 # Jordanian one).
916 #
917 # To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
918 #
919 # Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
920 # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
921 # Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
922 # West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
923 # Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
924 #
925 # I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
926 # have one).
928 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
929 # Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go
930 # with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
931 # and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
932 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
933 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
934 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
935 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
936 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
937 # to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please
938 # send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions.
940 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
941 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
942 #
943 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
944 # last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
945 # one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
946 # the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
948 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
949 # Daoud Kuttab writes in
950 # <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
951 # Holiday havoc
952 # </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
953 # the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
954 # I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
955 # For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
956 # and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
958 # The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
959 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
960 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
961 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
962 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
963 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
964 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
965 Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
967 Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
968 Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
970 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
971 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
972 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
973 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
974 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
975 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
976 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
978 # Paracel Is
979 # no information
981 # Philippines
982 # Howse writes (p 153) that until 1844 the Philippines kept American date.
983 # The rest of this data is from Shanks.
984 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
985 Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
986 Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
987 Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
988 Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
989 Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
990 Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
991 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
992 Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844
993 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
994 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
995 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
996 8:00 Phil PH%sT
998 # Qatar
999 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1000 Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah
1001 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
1002 3:00 - AST
1004 # Saudi Arabia
1005 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1006 Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
1007 3:00 - AST
1009 # Singapore
1010 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1011 Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880
1012 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
1013 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
1014 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
1015 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
1016 7:20 - MALT 1950
1017 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
1018 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time
1019 8:00 - SGT
1021 # Spratly Is
1022 # no information
1024 # Sri Lanka
1025 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
1026 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
1027 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
1028 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
1029 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
1030 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
1031 # Transitions before 1996 are from Shanks (1995).
1032 #
1033 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
1034 # by Shamindra in
1035 # <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
1036 # Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
1037 # </a>:
1038 # With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
1039 # Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
1041 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1042 Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
1043 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
1044 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
1045 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
1046 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
1047 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
1048 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
1049 6:00 - LKT
1051 # Syria
1052 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1053 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1054 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
1055 Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
1056 Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1057 Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1058 Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1059 Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1060 Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1061 Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
1062 Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1063 Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1064 Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
1065 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
1066 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1067 Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
1068 Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
1069 Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
1070 Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
1071 Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
1072 Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1073 Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1074 Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
1075 Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1076 Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1077 Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1078 Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
1079 Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1080 Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
1081 # IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1997-03-31; (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
1082 # (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
1083 # 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; ignore all these claims for now.
1084 Rule Syria 1994 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1085 Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1086 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1087 Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920
1088 2:00 Syria EE%sT
1090 # Tajikistan
1091 # From Shanks (1995), who writes ``date of change uncertain'' for 1991.
1092 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1093 Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1094 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
1095 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1096 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 # independence
1097 5:00 RussiaAsia TJ%sT 1992
1098 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
1100 # Thailand
1101 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1102 Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
1103 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
1104 7:00 - ICT
1106 # Turkmenistan
1107 # From Shanks (1995):
1108 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1109 Zone Asia/Ashkhabad 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashgabat
1110 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
1111 5:00 - ASHT 1981 Apr 1
1112 5:00 1:00 ASHST 1981 Oct 1
1113 6:00 - ASHT 1982 Apr 1
1114 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991
1115 5:00 - ASHT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
1116 5:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1993 # Turkmenistan Time
1117 5:00 - TMT
1119 # United Arab Emirates
1120 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1121 Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
1122 4:00 - GST
1124 # Uzbekistan
1125 # From Shanks (1995):
1126 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1127 Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1128 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
1129 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
1130 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
1131 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time
1132 5:00 - TAST 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1133 5:00 - UZT 1992
1134 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1135 5:00 - UZT
1136 Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1137 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
1138 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1139 5:00 - TAST 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1140 5:00 - UZT 1992
1141 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1142 5:00 - UZT
1144 # Vietnam
1145 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
1146 # Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
1147 # We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
1148 # From Shanks (1991):
1149 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1150 Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
1151 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1152 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1153 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1154 7:00 - ICT
1156 # Yemen
1157 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1158 Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950
1159 3:00 - AST