1 GNU C Library NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
2 Copyright (C) 1992-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 See the end for copying conditions.
5 Please send GNU C library bug reports via <http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/>
6 using `glibc' in the "product" field.
12 [Add new features here]
14 Deprecated and removed features, and other changes affecting compatibility:
16 * On GNU/Linux, the obsolete Linux constant PTRACE_SEIZE_DEVEL is no longer
17 defined by <sys/ptrace.h>.
19 Changes to build and runtime requirements:
21 [Add changes to build and runtime requirements here]
23 Security related changes:
25 [Add security related changes here]
27 The following bugs are resolved with this release:
29 [The release manager will add the list generated by
30 scripts/list-fixed-bugs.py just before the release.]
37 * A per-thread cache has been added to malloc. Access to the cache requires
38 no locks and therefore significantly accelerates the fast path to allocate
39 and free small amounts of memory. Refilling an empty cache requires locking
40 the underlying arena. Performance measurements show significant gains in a
41 wide variety of user workloads. Workloads were captured using a special
42 instrumented malloc and analyzed with a malloc simulator. Contributed by
43 DJ Delorie with the help of Florian Weimer, and Carlos O'Donell.
45 * Unicode 10.0.0 Support: Character encoding, character type info, and
46 transliteration tables are all updated to Unicode 10.0.0, using
47 generator scripts contributed by Mike FABIAN (Red Hat).
48 These updates cause user visible changes, especially the changes in
49 wcwidth for many emoji characters cause problems when emoji sequences
50 are rendered with pango, see for example:
51 https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=780669#c5
53 * Collation of Hungarian has been overhauled and is now consistent with "The
54 Rules of Hungarian Orthography, 12th edition" (Bug 18934). Contributed by
57 * Improvements to the DNS stub resolver, contributed by Florian Weimer:
59 - The GNU C Library will now detect when /etc/resolv.conf has been
60 modified and reload the changed configuration. The new resolver option
61 “no-reload” (RES_NORELOAD) disables this behavior.
63 - The GNU C Library now supports an arbitrary number of search domains
64 (configured using the “search” directive in /etc/resolv.conf);
65 previously, there was a hard limit of six domains. For backward
66 compatibility, applications that directly modify the ‘_res’ global
67 object are still limited to six search domains.
69 - When the “rotate” (RES_ROTATE) resolver option is active, the GNU C
70 Library will now randomly pick a name server from the configuration as a
71 starting point. (Previously, the second name server was always used.)
73 * The tunables feature is now enabled by default. This allows users to tweak
74 behavior of the GNU C Library using the GLIBC_TUNABLES environment variable.
76 * New function reallocarray, which resizes an allocated block (like realloc)
77 to the product of two sizes, with a guaranteed clean failure upon integer
78 overflow in the multiplication. Originally from OpenBSD, contributed by
79 Dennis Wölfing and Rüdiger Sonderfeld.
81 * New wrappers for the Linux-specific system calls preadv2 and pwritev2.
82 These are extended versions of preadv and pwritev, respectively, taking an
83 additional flags argument. The set of supported flags depends on the
84 running kernel; full support currently requires kernel 4.7 or later.
86 * posix_spawnattr_setflags now supports the flag POSIX_SPAWN_SETSID, to
87 create a new session ID for the spawned process. This feature is
88 scheduled to be added to the next major revision of POSIX; for the time
89 being, it is available under _GNU_SOURCE.
91 * errno.h is now safe to use from C-preprocessed assembly language on all
92 supported operating systems. In this context, it will only define the
93 Exxxx constants, as preprocessor macros expanding to integer literals.
95 * On ia64, powerpc64le, x86-32, and x86-64, the math library now implements
96 128-bit floating point as defined by ISO/IEC/IEEE 60559:2011 (IEEE
97 754-2008) and ISO/IEC TS 18661-3:2015. Contributed by Paul E. Murphy,
98 Gabriel F. T. Gomes, Tulio Magno Quites Machado Filho, and Joseph Myers.
100 To compile programs that use this feature, the compiler must support
101 128-bit floating point with the type name _Float128 (as defined by TS
102 18661-3) or __float128 (the nonstandard name used by GCC for C++, and for
103 C prior to version 7). _GNU_SOURCE or __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT__
104 must be defined to make the new interfaces visible.
106 The new functions and macros correspond to those present for other
107 floating-point types (except for a few obsolescent interfaces not
108 supported for the new type), with F128 or f128 suffixes; for example,
109 strtof128, HUGE_VAL_F128 and cosf128. Following TS 18661-3, there are no
110 printf or scanf formats for the new type; the strfromf128 and strtof128
111 interfaces should be used instead.
113 Deprecated and removed features, and other changes affecting compatibility:
115 * The synchronization that pthread_spin_unlock performs has been changed to
116 now be equivalent to a C11 atomic store with release memory order to the
117 spin lock's memory location. Previously, several (but not all)
118 architectures used stronger synchronization (e.g., containing what is
119 often called a full barrier). This change can improve performance, but
120 may affect odd fringe uses of spin locks that depend on the previous
121 behavior (e.g., using spin locks as atomic variables to try to implement
122 Dekker's mutual exclusion algorithm).
124 * The port to Native Client running on ARMv7-A (--host=arm-nacl) has been
127 * Sun RPC is deprecated. The rpcgen program, librpcsvc, and Sun RPC headers
128 will only be built and installed when the GNU C Library is configured with
129 --enable-obsolete-rpc. This allows alternative RPC implementations, such
130 as TIRPC or rpcsvc-proto, to be used.
132 * The NIS(+) name service modules, libnss_nis, libnss_nisplus, and
133 libnss_compat, are deprecated, and will not be built or installed by
136 The NIS(+) support library, libnsl, is also deprecated. By default, a
137 compatibility shared library will be built and installed, but not headers
138 or development libraries. Only a few NIS-related programs require this
139 library. (In particular, the GNU C Library has never required programs
140 that use 'gethostbyname' to be linked with libnsl.)
142 Replacement implementations based on TIRPC, which additionally support
143 IPv6, are available from <https://github.com/thkukuk/>. The configure
144 option --enable-obsolete-nsl will cause libnsl's headers, and the NIS(+)
145 name service modules, to be built and installed.
147 * The DNS stub resolver no longer performs EDNS fallback. If EDNS or DNSSEC
148 support is enabled, the configured recursive resolver must support EDNS.
149 (Responding to EDNS-enabled queries with responses which are not
150 EDNS-enabled is fine, but FORMERR responses are not.)
152 * res_mkquery and res_nmkquery no longer support the IQUERY opcode. DNS
153 servers have not supported this opcode for a long time.
155 * The _res_opcodes variable has been removed from libresolv. It had been
156 exported by accident.
158 * <string.h> no longer includes inline versions of any string functions,
159 as this kind of optimization is better done by the compiler. The macros
160 __USE_STRING_INLINES and __NO_STRING_INLINES no longer have any effect.
162 * The nonstandard header <xlocale.h> has been removed. Most programs should
163 use <locale.h> instead. If you have a specific need for the definition of
164 locale_t with no other declarations, please contact
165 libc-alpha@sourceware.org and explain.
167 * The obsolete header <sys/ultrasound.h> has been removed.
169 * The obsolete signal constant SIGUNUSED is no longer defined by <signal.h>.
171 * The obsolete function cfree has been removed. Applications should use
174 * The stack_t type no longer has the name struct sigaltstack. This changes
175 the C++ name mangling for interfaces involving this type.
177 * The ucontext_t type no longer has the name struct ucontext. This changes
178 the C++ name mangling for interfaces involving this type.
180 * On M68k GNU/Linux and MIPS GNU/Linux, the fpregset_t type no longer has
181 the name struct fpregset. On Nios II GNU/Linux, the mcontext_t type no
182 longer has the name struct mcontext. On SPARC GNU/Linux, the struct
183 mc_fq, struct rwindow, struct fpq and struct fq types are no longer
184 defined in sys/ucontext.h, the mc_fpu_t type no longer has the name struct
185 mc_fpu, the gwindows_t type no longer has the name struct gwindows and the
186 fpregset_t type no longer has the name struct fpu. This changes the C++
187 name mangling for interfaces involving those types.
189 * On S/390 GNU/Linux, the constants defined by <sys/ptrace.h> have been
190 synced with the kernel:
192 - PTRACE_GETREGS, PTRACE_SETREGS, PTRACE_GETFPREGS and PTRACE_SETFPREGS
193 are not supported on this architecture and have been removed.
195 - PTRACE_SINGLEBLOCK, PTRACE_SECCOMP_GET_FILTER, PTRACE_PEEKUSR_AREA,
196 PTRACE_POKEUSR_AREA, PTRACE_GET_LAST_BREAK, PTRACE_ENABLE_TE,
197 PTRACE_DISABLE_TE and PTRACE_TE_ABORT_RAND have been added.
199 Programs that assume the GET/SETREGS ptrace requests are universally
200 available will now fail to build, instead of malfunctioning at runtime.
202 Changes to build and runtime requirements:
204 * Linux kernel 3.2 or later is required at runtime, on all architectures
205 supported by that kernel. (This is a change from version 2.25 only for
208 * GNU Binutils 2.25 or later is now required to build the GNU C Library.
210 * On most architectures, GCC 4.9 or later is required to build the GNU C
211 Library. On powerpc64le, GCC 6.2 or later is required.
213 Older GCC versions and non-GNU compilers are still supported when
214 compiling programs that use the GNU C Library. (We do not know exactly
215 how old, and some GNU extensions to C may be _de facto_ required. If you
216 are interested in helping us make this statement less vague, please
217 contact libc-alpha@sourceware.org.)
219 Security related changes:
221 * The DNS stub resolver limits the advertised UDP buffer size to 1200 bytes,
222 to avoid fragmentation-based spoofing attacks (CVE-2017-12132).
224 * LD_LIBRARY_PATH is now ignored in binaries running in privileged AT_SECURE
225 mode to guard against local privilege escalation attacks (CVE-2017-1000366).
227 * Avoid printing a backtrace from the __stack_chk_fail function since it is
228 called on a corrupt stack and a backtrace is unreliable on a corrupt stack
231 * A use-after-free vulnerability in clntudp_call in the Sun RPC system has been
232 fixed (CVE-2017-12133).
234 The following bugs are resolved with this release:
236 [984] network: Respond to changed resolv.conf in gethostbyname
237 [5010] network: sunrpc service cleanup causes unwanted port mapper traffic
238 [12068] localedata: sc_IT: misspelled yesexpr/day/abday/mon/abmon/date_fmt
240 [12189] libc: __stack_chk_fail should not attempt a backtrace
242 [14096] time: Race condition on timezone/tst-timezone.out
243 [14172] localedata: az_IR: new locale
244 [14995] build: glibc fails to build if gold is the default linker, even if
246 [15998] build: [powerpc] Set arch_minimum_kernel for powerpc LE
247 [16637] network: inet_pton function is accepting IPv6 with bad format
248 [16640] string: string/strtok.c: undefined behaviour inconsistent between
249 x86 and other generic code
250 [16875] localedata: ko_KR: fix lang_name
251 [17225] localedata: ar_SY: localized month names for May and June are
253 [17297] localedata: da_DK: wrong date_fmt string
254 [18907] stdio: Incorrect order of __wur __THROW in <printf.h>
255 [18934] localedata: hu_HU: collate: fix multiple bugs and add tests
256 [18988] nptl: pthread wastes memory with mlockall(MCL_FUTURE)
257 [19066] localedata: ar_SA abbreviated day and month names are in English
258 [19569] network: resolv: Support an arbitrary number of search domains
259 [19570] network: Implement random DNS server selection in the stub
261 [19838] locale: localedef fails on PA-RISC
262 [19919] localedata: iso14651_t1_common: Correct the Malayalam sorting
263 order of 0D36 and 0D37
264 [19922] localedata: iso14651_t1_common: Define collation for Malayalam
266 [20098] libc: FAIL: debug/backtrace-tst on hppa
267 [20257] network: sunrpc: clntudp_call does not enforce timeout when
269 [20275] localedata: locale day/abday/mon/abmon should not have trailing
271 [20313] localedata: Update locale data to Unicode 9.0
272 [20424] manual: Document how to provide a malloc replacement
273 [20496] localedata: agr_PE: new language locale Awajún / Aguaruna (agr)
275 [20686] locale: Add el_GR@euro to SUPPORTED.
276 [20831] dynamic-link: _dl_map_segments does not test for __mprotect
277 failures consistently
278 [21015] dynamic-link: Document and fix --enable-bind-now
279 [21016] nptl: pthread_cond support is broken on hppa
280 [21029] libc: glibc-2.23 (and later) fails to compile with -fno-omit-
281 frame-pointer on i386
282 [21049] libc: segfault in longjmp_chk() due to clobbered processor
284 [21075] libc: unused assigment to %g4 in sparc/sparc{64,32}/clone.S
285 [21088] libc: Build fails with --enable-static-nss
286 [21094] math: cosf(1.57079697) has 3 ulp error on targets where the
287 generic c code is used
288 [21109] libc: Tunables broken on big-endian
289 [21112] math: powf has large ulp errors with base close to 1 and exponent
291 [21115] network: sunrpc: Use-after-free in error path in clntudp_call
293 [21120] malloc: glibc malloc is incompatible with GCC 7
294 [21130] math: Incorrect return from y0l (-inf) and y1l (-inf) when linking
296 [21134] math: Exception (divide by zero) not set for y0/y1 (0.0) and y0/y1
297 (-0.0) when linking with -lieee
298 [21171] math: log10, log2 and lgamma return incorrect results
299 [21179] libc: handle R_SPARC_DISP64 and R_SPARC_REGISTER relocs
300 [21182] libc: __memchr_sse2: regression in glibc-2.25 on i686
301 [21207] localedata: ce_RU: update weekdays from CLDR
302 [21209] dynamic-link: LD_HWCAP_MASK read in setuid binaries
303 [21217] localedata: Update months from CLDR-31
304 [21232] libc: miss posix_fadvise64 on MIPS64 when static linking
305 [21243] libc: support_delete_temp_file should issue warning for failed
307 [21244] libc: support resolv_test_start() socket fd close should be
309 [21253] libc: localedef randomly segfaults when using -fstack-check due to
310 new posix_spawn implementation
311 [21258] dynamic-link: Branch predication in _dl_runtime_resolve_avx512_opt
312 leads to lower CPU frequency
313 [21259] libc: [alpha] termios.h missing IXANY for POSIX
314 [21261] libc: [sparc64] bits/setjmp.h namespace
315 [21267] network: [mips] bits/socket.h IOC* namespace
316 [21268] libc: [alpha] termios.h NL2, NL3 namespace
317 [21270] libc: mmap64 silently truncates large offset values
318 [21275] libc: posix_spawn always crashes on ia64 now
319 [21277] libc: [alpha] termios.h missing IUCLC for UNIX98 and older
320 [21280] math: [powerpc] logbl for POWER7 return incorrect results
321 [21289] libc: Incorrect declaration for 32-bit platforms with
322 _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 causes build error
323 [21295] network: GETAI(AF_UNSPEC) drops IPv6 addresses if nss module does
324 not support gethostbyname4_r
325 [21298] nptl: rwlock can deadlock on frequent reader/writer phase
327 [21338] malloc: mallopt M_ARENA_MAX doesn't set the maximum number of
329 [21340] libc: Support POSIX_SPAWN_SETSID
330 [21357] libc: unwind-dw2-fde deadlock when using AddressSanitizer
331 [21359] network: ns_name_pack needs additional byte in destination buffer
332 [21361] network: resolv: Reduce advertised EDNS0 buffer size to guard
333 against fragmentation attacks (CVE-2017-12132)
334 [21369] network: resolv: Remove EDNS fallback
335 [21371] libc: Missing timespec definition when compiled with _XOPEN_SOURCE
337 [21386] nptl: Assertion in fork for distinct parent PID is incorrect
338 [21391] dynamic-link: x86: Set dl_platform and dl_hwcap from CPU features
339 [21393] stdio: Missing dup3 error check in freopen, freopen64
340 [21396] libc: Use AVX2 memcpy/memset on Skylake server
341 [21399] localedata: Bad description for U00EC in
342 localedata/charmaps/CP1254
343 [21411] malloc: realloc documentation error
344 [21426] network: sys/socket.h uio.h namespace
345 [21428] libc: [aarch64] tst-backtrace5 testsuite failure
346 [21445] libc: signal.h bsd_signal namespace
347 [21455] network: Network headers stdint.h namespace
348 [21474] network: resolv: res_init does not use RES_DFLRETRY (2) but 4 for
350 [21475] network: resolv: Overlong search path is truncated mid-label
351 [21511] libc: sigstack namespace
352 [21512] libc: clone() ends up calling exit_group() through _exit() wrapper
353 [21514] libc: sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sys/syscall.h:31:27: fatal error:
354 bits/syscall.h: No such file or directory
355 [21517] libc: struct sigaltstack namespace
356 [21528] dynamic-link: Duplicated minimal strtoul implementations in ld.so
357 [21533] localedata: Update locale data to Unicode 10.0
359 ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/s390/s390-32/__makecontext_ret.S:44: Error:
360 junk at end of line, first unrecognized character is `@'
361 [21538] libc: SIG_HOLD missing for XPG4
362 [21539] libc: S390: Mismatch between kernel and glibc ptrace.h with
363 request 12: PTRACE_SINGLEBLOCK vs PTRACE_GETREGS.
364 [21542] libc: Use conservative default for sysconf (_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
365 [21543] libc: sigevent namespace
366 [21548] libc: [mips] get/set/make/swap context for MIPS O32 assume wrong
367 size for general purpose registers in mcontext_t structure
368 [21550] libc: sigwait namespace
369 [21552] libc: XPG4 bsd_signal namespace
370 [21554] libc: sigpause namespace
371 [21560] libc: sys/wait.h signal.h namespace
372 [21561] libc: waitid namespace
373 [21573] nptl: GCC 7: /usr/bin/install: cannot remove
374 '/usr/include/stdlib.h': Permission denied
375 [21575] libc: sys/wait.h missing struct rusage definition
376 [21584] libc: sigaltstack etc namespace
377 [21597] libc: siginterrupt namespace
378 [21607] math: hppa: FAIL: math/test-tgmath
379 [21609] dynamic-link: Incomplete workaround for GCC __tls_get_addr ABI
381 [21622] libc: [tile] missing SA_* for POSIX.1:2008
382 [21624] dynamic-link: ld.so: Unsafe alloca allows local attackers to alias
383 stack and heap (CVE-2017-1000366)
384 [21625] libc: wait3 namespace
385 [21654] nss: Incorrect pointer alignment in NSS group merge result
387 [21657] network: Parse interface zone id for node-local multicast
388 [21662] string: memcmp-avx2-movbe.S lacks saturating subtraction for
390 [21666] libc: .symver is used on common symbol
391 [21668] network: resolv: res_init cross-thread broadcast introduces race
393 [21687] math: tgmath.h totalorder, totalordermag return type
394 [21694] locale: Current Glibc Locale Does Not Support Tok-Pisin and Fiji
396 [21696] libc: Incorrect assumption of of __cpu_mask in
397 posix/sched_cpucount.c
398 [21697] libc: sysdeps/posix/spawni.c: 2 * suspicious condition ?
399 [21706] localedata: yesstr and nostr are missing for Breton [LC_MESSAGES]
401 [21707] math: ppc64le: Invalid IFUNC resolver from libgcc calls getauxval,
402 leading to relocation crash
403 [21709] libc: resolv_conf.c:552: update_from_conf: Assertion
404 `resolv_conf_matches (resp, conf)' failed.
405 [21710] localedata: Added Samoan language locale for Samoa
406 [21711] localedata: Pashto yesstr/nostr locale are missing
407 [21715] nptl: sysdeps/nptl/bits/pthreadtypes.h: typedef guard
408 __have_pthread_attr_t can cause redefinition of typedef ‘pthread_attr_t’
409 [21721] localedata: Incorrect Full Weekday names for ks_IN@devanagari
410 [21723] localedata: yesstr/nostr missing for Chinese language locale
411 [21724] localedata: yesstr and nostr are missing for Xhosa [LC_MESSAGES]
413 [21727] localedata: yesstr and nostr are missing for Tsonga [LC_MESSAGES]
415 [21728] localedata: New Locale for Tongan language
416 [21729] localedata: incorrect LC_NAME fields for hi_IN
417 [21733] localedata: yesstr and nostr are missing for zh_HK
418 [21734] localedata: Missing yesstr and nostr are for kw_GB
419 [21738] libc: misc/tst-preadvwritev2 and misc/tst-preadvwritev64v2 fail
420 [21741] libc: Undefined __memmove_chk_XXX and __memset_chk_XXX in libc.a
421 [21742] libc: _dl_num_cache_relocations is undefined in libc.a
422 [21743] localedata: ks_IN@devanagari: abday strings mismatch the day
424 [21744] libc: Tests failing on --enable-tunables --enable-stack-
426 [21749] localedata: Wrong abbreviated day name (“abday”) for
428 [21756] localedata: missing yesstr, nostr for nds_DE and nds_NL
429 [21757] localedata: missing yesstr, nostr for pap_AW and pap_CW
430 [21759] localedata: missing yesstr and nostr for Tigrinya
431 [21760] localedata: Fix LC_MESSAGES and LC_ADDRESS for anp_IN
432 [21766] localedata: Wrong LC_MESSAGES for om_ET Locale
433 [21767] localedata: Missing Bislama locales
434 [21768] localedata: Missing yesstr and nostr for aa_ET
435 [21770] localedata: Missing Field in li_NL
436 [21778] nptl: Robust mutex may deadlock
437 [21779] libc: MicroBlaze segfaults when loading libpthread
438 [21783] localedata: Fix int_select international_call_prefixes
439 [21784] localedata: Inconsistency in country_isbn
440 [21788] localedata: Missing Country Postal Abbreviations
441 [21794] localedata: Added-country_isbn-for-Italy
442 [21795] localedata: Add/Fix country_isbn for France
443 [21796] localedata: Added country_isbn for Republic of Korea
444 [21797] localedata: Fix inconsistency in country_isbn and missing prefixes
445 [21799] localedata: Added int_select international_call_prefixes
446 [21801] localedata: Added int_select international_call_prefixes
447 [21804] nptl: Double semicolon in thread-shared-types.h
448 [21807] localedata: LC_ADDRESS fix for pap_CW
449 [21808] localedata: Fix LC_ADDRESS for pap_AW
450 [21821] localedata: Added country_name in mai_IN
451 [21822] localedata: Fix LC_TIME for mai_IN
452 [21823] localedata: missing yesstr, nostr for sa_IN
453 [21825] localedata: Fix name_mrs for mag_IN
454 [21828] localedata: 2.26 changelog should mention user visible changes
456 [21835] localedata: Added Maithili language locale for Nepal
457 [21838] localedata: Removed redundant data for the_NP
458 [21839] localedata: Fix LC_MONETARY for ta_LK
459 [21844] localedata: Fix Latin characters and Months Sequence.
460 [21848] localedata: Fix mai_NP Title Name
465 * The feature test macro __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT2__, from ISO/IEC TR
466 24731-2:2010, is supported to enable declarations of functions from that
467 TR. Note that not all functions from that TR are supported by the GNU C
470 * The feature test macro __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_BFP_EXT__, from ISO/IEC TS
471 18661-1:2014, is supported to enable declarations of functions and macros
472 from that TS. Note that not all features from that TS are supported by
475 * The feature test macro __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_FUNCS_EXT__, from ISO/IEC TS
476 18661-4:2015, is supported to enable declarations of functions and macros
477 from that TS. Note that most features from that TS are not supported by
480 * The nonstandard feature selection macros _REENTRANT and _THREAD_SAFE are
481 now treated as compatibility synonyms for _POSIX_C_SOURCE=199506L.
482 Since the GNU C Library defaults to a much newer revision of POSIX, this
483 will only affect programs that specifically request an old conformance
484 mode. For instance, a program compiled with -std=c89 -D_REENTRANT will
485 see a change in the visible declarations, but a program compiled with
486 just -D_REENTRANT, or -std=c99 -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -D_REENTRANT,
489 Some C libraries once required _REENTRANT and/or _THREAD_SAFE to be
490 defined by all multithreaded code, but glibc has not required this for
493 * The inclusion of <sys/sysmacros.h> by <sys/types.h> is deprecated. This
494 means that in a future release, the macros “major”, “minor”, and “makedev”
495 will only be available from <sys/sysmacros.h>.
497 These macros are not part of POSIX nor XSI, and their names frequently
498 collide with user code; see for instance glibc bug 19239 and Red Hat bug
499 130601. <stdlib.h> includes <sys/types.h> under _GNU_SOURCE, and C++ code
500 presently cannot avoid being compiled under _GNU_SOURCE, exacerbating the
503 * New <fenv.h> features from TS 18661-1:2014 are added to libm: the
504 fesetexcept, fetestexceptflag, fegetmode and fesetmode functions, the
505 femode_t type and the FE_DFL_MODE and FE_SNANS_ALWAYS_SIGNAL macros.
507 * Integer width macros from TS 18661-1:2014 are added to <limits.h>:
508 CHAR_WIDTH, SCHAR_WIDTH, UCHAR_WIDTH, SHRT_WIDTH, USHRT_WIDTH, INT_WIDTH,
509 UINT_WIDTH, LONG_WIDTH, ULONG_WIDTH, LLONG_WIDTH, ULLONG_WIDTH; and to
510 <stdint.h>: INT8_WIDTH, UINT8_WIDTH, INT16_WIDTH, UINT16_WIDTH,
511 INT32_WIDTH, UINT32_WIDTH, INT64_WIDTH, UINT64_WIDTH, INT_LEAST8_WIDTH,
512 UINT_LEAST8_WIDTH, INT_LEAST16_WIDTH, UINT_LEAST16_WIDTH,
513 INT_LEAST32_WIDTH, UINT_LEAST32_WIDTH, INT_LEAST64_WIDTH,
514 UINT_LEAST64_WIDTH, INT_FAST8_WIDTH, UINT_FAST8_WIDTH, INT_FAST16_WIDTH,
515 UINT_FAST16_WIDTH, INT_FAST32_WIDTH, UINT_FAST32_WIDTH, INT_FAST64_WIDTH,
516 UINT_FAST64_WIDTH, INTPTR_WIDTH, UINTPTR_WIDTH, INTMAX_WIDTH,
517 UINTMAX_WIDTH, PTRDIFF_WIDTH, SIG_ATOMIC_WIDTH, SIZE_WIDTH, WCHAR_WIDTH,
520 * New <math.h> features are added from TS 18661-1:2014:
522 - Signaling NaN macros: SNANF, SNAN, SNANL.
524 - Nearest integer functions: roundeven, roundevenf, roundevenl, fromfp,
525 fromfpf, fromfpl, ufromfp, ufromfpf, ufromfpl, fromfpx, fromfpxf,
526 fromfpxl, ufromfpx, ufromfpxf, ufromfpxl.
528 - llogb functions: the llogb, llogbf and llogbl functions, and the
529 FP_LLOGB0 and FP_LLOGBNAN macros.
531 - Max-min magnitude functions: fmaxmag, fmaxmagf, fmaxmagl, fminmag,
534 - Comparison macros: iseqsig.
536 - Classification macros: iscanonical, issubnormal, iszero.
538 - Total order functions: totalorder, totalorderf, totalorderl,
539 totalordermag, totalordermagf, totalordermagl.
541 - Canonicalize functions: canonicalize, canonicalizef, canonicalizel.
543 - NaN functions: getpayload, getpayloadf, getpayloadl, setpayload,
544 setpayloadf, setpayloadl, setpayloadsig, setpayloadsigf, setpayloadsigl.
546 * The functions strfromd, strfromf, and strfroml, from ISO/IEC TS 18661-1:2014,
547 are added to libc. They convert a floating-point number into string.
549 * Most of glibc can now be built with the stack smashing protector enabled.
550 It is recommended to build glibc with --enable-stack-protector=strong.
551 Implemented by Nick Alcock (Oracle).
553 * The function explicit_bzero, from OpenBSD, has been added to libc. It is
554 intended to be used instead of memset() to erase sensitive data after use;
555 the compiler will not optimize out calls to explicit_bzero even if they
556 are "unnecessary" (in the sense that no _correct_ program can observe the
557 effects of the memory clear).
559 * On ColdFire, MicroBlaze, Nios II and SH3, the float_t type is now defined
560 to float instead of double. This does not affect the ABI of any libraries
561 that are part of the GNU C Library, but may affect the ABI of other
562 libraries that use this type in their interfaces.
564 * On x86_64, when compiling with -mfpmath=387 or -mfpmath=sse+387, the
565 float_t and double_t types are now defined to long double instead of float
566 and double. These options are not the default, and this does not affect
567 the ABI of any libraries that are part of the GNU C Library, but it may
568 affect the ABI of other libraries that use this type in their interfaces,
569 if they are compiled or used with those options.
571 * The getentropy and getrandom functions, and the <sys/random.h> header file
574 * The buffer size for byte-oriented stdio streams is now limited to 8192
575 bytes by default. Previously, on Linux, the default buffer size on most
576 file systems was 4096 bytes (and thus remains unchanged), except on
577 network file systems, where the buffer size was unpredictable and could be
578 as large as several megabytes.
580 * The <sys/quota.h> header now includes the <linux/quota.h> header. Support
581 for the Linux quota interface which predates kernel version 2.4.22 has
584 * The malloc_get_state and malloc_set_state functions have been removed.
585 Already-existing binaries that dynamically link to these functions will
586 get a hidden implementation in which malloc_get_state is a stub. As far
587 as we know, these functions are used only by GNU Emacs and this change
588 will not adversely affect already-built Emacs executables. Any undumped
589 Emacs executables, which normally exist only during an Emacs build, should
590 be rebuilt by re-running “./configure; make” in the Emacs build tree.
592 * The “ip6-dotint” and “no-ip6-dotint” resolver options, and the
593 corresponding RES_NOIP6DOTINT flag from <resolv.h> have been removed.
594 “no-ip6-dotint” had already been the default, and support for the
595 “ip6-dotint” option was removed from the Internet in 2006.
597 * The "ip6-bytestring" resolver option and the corresponding RES_USEBSTRING
598 flag from <resolv.h> have been removed. The option relied on a
599 backwards-incompatible DNS extension which was never deployed on the
602 * The flags RES_AAONLY, RES_PRIMARY, RES_NOCHECKNAME, RES_KEEPTSIG,
603 RES_BLAST defined in the <resolv.h> header file have been deprecated.
604 They were already unimplemented.
606 * The "inet6" option in /etc/resolv.conf and the RES_USE_INET6 flag for
607 _res.flags are deprecated. The flag was standardized in RFC 2133, but
608 removed again from the IETF name lookup interface specification in RFC
609 2553. Applications should use getaddrinfo instead.
611 * DNSSEC-related declarations and definitions have been removed from the
612 <arpa/nameser.h> header file, and libresolv will no longer attempt to
613 decode the data part of DNSSEC record types. Previous versions of glibc
614 only implemented minimal support for the previous version of DNSSEC, which
615 is incompatible with the currently deployed version.
617 * The resource record type classification macros ns_t_qt_p, ns_t_mrr_p,
618 ns_t_rr_p, ns_t_udp_p, ns_t_xfr_p have been removed from the
619 <arpa/nameser.h> header file because the distinction between RR types and
620 meta-RR types is not officially standardized, subject to revision, and
621 thus not suitable for encoding in a macro.
623 * The types res_sendhookact, res_send_qhook, re_send_rhook, and the qhook
624 and rhook members of the res_state type in <resolv.h> have been removed.
625 The glibc stub resolver did not support these hooks, but the header file
626 did not reflect that.
628 * For multi-arch support it is recommended to use a GCC which has
629 been built with support for GNU indirect functions. This ensures
630 that correct debugging information is generated for functions
631 selected by IFUNC resolvers. This support can either be enabled by
632 configuring GCC with '--enable-gnu-indirect-function', or by
633 enabling it by default by setting 'default_gnu_indirect_function'
634 variable for a particular architecture in the GCC source file
637 * GDB pretty printers have been added for mutex and condition variable
638 structures in POSIX Threads. When installed and loaded in gdb these pretty
639 printers show various pthread variables in human-readable form when read
640 using the 'print' or 'display' commands in gdb.
642 * Tunables feature added to allow tweaking of the runtime for an application
643 program. This feature can be enabled with the '--enable-tunables' configure
644 flag. The GNU C Library manual has details on usage and README.tunables has
645 instructions on adding new tunables to the library.
647 * A new version of condition variables functions have been implemented in
648 the NPTL implementation of POSIX Threads to provide stronger ordering
651 * A new version of pthread_rwlock functions have been implemented to use a more
652 scalable algorithm primarily through not using a critical section anymore to
655 Security related changes:
657 * On ARM EABI (32-bit), generating a backtrace for execution contexts which
658 have been created with makecontext could fail to terminate due to a
659 missing .cantunwind annotation. This has been observed to lead to a hang
660 (denial of service) in some Go applications compiled with gccgo. Reported
661 by Andreas Schwab. (CVE-2016-6323)
663 * The DNS stub resolver functions would crash due to a NULL pointer
664 dereference when processing a query with a valid DNS question type which
665 was used internally in the implementation. The stub resolver now uses a
666 question type which is outside the range of valid question type values.
669 The following bugs are resolved with this release:
671 [4099] stdio: Overly agressive caching by stream i/o functions.
672 [7065] build: Support building glibc with -fstack-protector or -fstack-
674 [9842] localedata: en_CA: incorrect date format
675 [13165] nptl: pthread_cond_wait() can consume a signal that was sent
676 before it started waiting
677 [14139] manual: Do not hardcode platform names in manual/libm-err-tab.pl
678 [15765] nptl: sem_open is wrongly a cancellation point
679 [16421] network: IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED can use undefined s6_addr32
680 [16458] libc: endian.h and netinet/in.h byte order macros return values of
682 [16628] dynamic-link: Segfault after a binary without pthread dlopen()s a
683 library linked with pthread
684 [16630] nptl: Use SYSENTER for pthread_cond_broadcast/signal() (i.e. fix
686 [16907] libc: <argp.h> compiled with --std=cXX disables __attribute__
687 [17252] libc: getrandom and getentropy syscall
688 [17730] malloc: thread-local storage is sometimes improperly free()'d
689 after being __libc_memalign()'d
690 [18241] stdio: failed fseek on memstream does not set errno and can fail
692 [18243] nptl: sem_wait, sem_timedwait are cancellation points shm_open is
694 [18463] nptl: pthread_cond_broadcast issue when surrounded by
695 PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT mutex on ARM
696 [18784] network: res_query and related function crash for special record
697 type queries (CVE-2015-5180)
698 [19380] math: strtod does not raise "inexact"
699 [19387] string: Integer overflow in memchr
700 [19390] string: Integer overflow in strncat
701 [19398] build: linknamespace tests fail with massively parallel build
702 [19402] nptl: Deadlock with robust shared mutex and asynchronous
704 [19469] malloc: M_PERTURB in test-skeleton.c invalidates malloc tests
705 [19473] malloc: Turn malloc_get_state etc. in compatibility symbols
706 [19514] libc: [PATCH] Fix spelling errors in spelling
707 "implement"/"implementation" in several places
708 [19582] network: Deprecate RES_USE_INET6
709 [19673] manual: clog10 docs appear to be erroneous
710 [19810] dynamic-link: dlopen with both RTLD_NOLOAD and RTLD_NODELETE
711 causes a segmentation fault
712 [19826] libc: invalid pointer returned from __tls_get_addr with static
714 [20016] network: resolv: Remove hooks support from the API
715 [20019] dynamic-link: NULL pointer dereference in libc.so.6 IFUNC due to
717 [20033] math: [x86_64] vectorized math function don't call the __finite
719 [20116] nptl: use after free in pthread_create
720 [20181] stdio: open_memstream(): writes not at end of stream corrupt data
721 [20292] dynamic-link: Comparison in elf/dl-open.c _dl_addr_inside_object
723 [20311] nptl: please install proc_service.h
724 [20366] libc: Compilation errors in installed headers in strict-compliance
726 [20370] malloc: malloc: Arena free list management is still racy
727 (incorrect fix in bug 19243)
728 [20386] libc: assert (X = 0) does not result in GCC warning
729 [20432] malloc: malloc: Minimize interface required for interposition
730 [20435] libc: Missing unwind info in __startcontext causes infinite loop
731 in _Unwind_Backtrace (CVE-2016-6323)
732 [20444] hurd: recvmsg: PF_LOCAL sockets and msg_name lead to SIGLOST
733 [20452] nptl: Addition of sysdep.o to libpthread.a breaks relinking
735 [20455] math: [powerpc] fesetexceptflag fails to clear FE_INVALID
736 [20459] localedata: et_EE: locale has wrong {p,n}_cs_precedes value
737 [20477] network: resolv: incorrect double-checked locking related to
739 [20478] libc: libc_ifunc macro and similar usages leads to false debug-
741 [20495] math: x86_64 performance degradation due to AVX/SSE transition
743 [20497] localedata: lt_LT: LC_TIME d_fmt used is obsolete
744 [20508] dynamic-link: _dl_runtime_resolve_avx/_dl_runtime_profile_avx512
745 cause transition penalty
746 [20517] math: sparcv9 missing fdiml compat symbol
747 [20524] manual: strverscmp is inconsistent
748 [20525] libc: <sys/quota.h> should be based on kernel headers
749 [20539] math: GCC 7 -static -lm fails to link at -O3
750 [20554] libc: ld: bss-plt forced due to /usr/lib/libc_nonshared.a(ppc-
752 [20558] string: POSIX bcopy/bzero decls do not implement Object Size
754 [20591] network: Remove obsolete DNSSEC support
755 [20592] network: DNS resource record type classification macros in
756 <arpa/nameser.h> are incorrect
757 [20593] network: Update DNS RR type definitions
758 [20611] network: getaddrinfo accepts invalid numeric scope IDs
759 [20615] build: glibc build fails when using --with-cpu=power9 --enable-
761 [20629] network: libresolv: Remove support for bitstring labels
763 [20647] libc: GLIBC quitting every program - glibc on Pentium-S leads to
764 assertion: "maxidx >= 2"
765 [20660] math: [arm] Use VSQRT
766 [20662] libc: checking whether x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-gcc implicitly enables
767 -fstack-protector no (32bit gcc 6.2.0 pie and ssp enable)
768 [20689] libc: Test for FMA should also check for AVX.
769 [20707] glob: gl_pathv entries not set to NULL with GLOB_DOOFFS
770 [20715] math: iszero macro breaks existing code
771 [20718] math: [powerpc] copysignl raises "invalid" for sNaN
772 [20728] libc: powerpc: Missing TOC stub in clone
773 [20729] build: glibc-2.24 fails to build for i486 with -Os
774 [20750] build: Build fails with default PIE enabled gcc-6.x
775 [20768] math: [alpha] sqrt fegetenv namespace
776 [20785] libc: binutils 2.28 fails to assemble power6/memset.S file in
778 [20787] math: float_t is defined as float incorrectly on x86_64 even if
779 __FLT_EVAL_METHOD__ is 2
780 [20790] network: rpcgen buffer overrun in get_prog_declaration
781 [20822] nptl: race condition in __lll_unlock_elision on powerpc
782 [20829] libc: crypt snprintf namespace
783 [20847] libc: tst-vfork3 failure
784 [20855] math: Default bits/mathdef.h has inappropriate float_t
785 [20859] math: [sh4] FP_ILOGB0 invalid
786 [20864] localedata: iconv: cp936 missing single-byte euro sign (0x80,
787 U+20AC), not same as GBK
788 [20915] dynamic-link: global-dynamic TLS broken on aarch64
789 [20916] math: pow handling of sNaN arguments
790 [20918] build: Building with --enable-nss-crypt fails tst-linkall-static.
791 [20919] math: Bad pow (qNaN, 0) result with -lieee
792 [20940] math: hypot sNaN handling
793 [20947] math: fmax, fmin sNaN handling
794 [20956] libc: debug/tst-backtrace3-6 don't work with -O3 anymore
795 [20964] network: sunrpc: Stack-based buffer overflow in getrpcport with
797 [20971] string: powerpc64/power7 memchr overflows internal pointer check
798 [20973] nptl: robust mutexes: Lost wake-ups
799 [20974] locale: bs_BA: yesexpr/noexpr regexes accept any character
800 [20978] nis: strlen on null pointer in nss_nisplus
801 [20985] nptl: robust mutexes: lowlevelrobustlock assembly on x86 blocks on
803 [21014] string: i686 memchr overflows internal pointer check
804 [21019] libc: [mips] n32 lseek incorrect on overflow
805 [21022] libc: [microblaze] __backtrace get_frame_size namespace
806 [21026] libc: [MIPS] readahead syscall is broken on n64
807 [21028] math: Fallback fesetexceptflag should always succeed
808 [21045] libc: [powerpc-nofpu] swapcontext does not restore signal mask
809 [21047] math: arm: fpu_control.h: _FPU_GETCW/_FPU_SETCW is rejected by
811 [21053] libc: [SH] Namespace pollution from sys/ucontext.h
812 [21061] librt: [microblaze] librt lost clock_* exports
813 [21073] libc: tunables: insecure environment variables passed to
814 subprocesses with AT_SECURE
815 [21081] string: Missing vzeroupper in memset-vec-unaligned-erms.S
819 * The minimum Linux kernel version that this version of the GNU C Library
820 can be used with is 3.2, except on i[4567]86 and x86_64, where Linux
821 kernel version 2.6.32 or later suffices (on architectures that already
822 required kernel versions more recent than 3.2, those requirements remain
823 unchanged). Linux 3.2 or later kernel headers are required on all
826 * The pap_AN locale has been deleted. This has been deprecated for a long
827 time. It has been replaced by pap_AW & pap_CW, both of which have long
828 been included in previous releases.
830 * The readdir_r and readdir64_r functions have been deprecated. It is
831 recommended to use readdir and readdir64 instead.
833 * The type “union wait” has been removed. It was deprecated in the early
834 1990s and never part of POSIX. Application code should use the int type
835 instead of “union wait”.
837 * A new NSS action is added to facilitate large distributed system
838 administration. The action, MERGE, allows remote user stores like LDAP
839 to be merged into local user stores like /etc/groups in order to provide
840 easy to use, updated, and managed sets of merged credentials. The new
841 action can be used by configuring it in /etc/nsswitch.conf:
842 group: files [SUCCESS=merge] nis
843 Implemented by Stephen Gallagher (Red Hat).
845 * The deprecated __malloc_initialize_hook variable has been removed from the
848 * The long unused localedef --old-style option has been removed. It hasn't
849 done anything in over 16 years. Scripts using this option can safely
852 * nextupl, nextup, nextupf, nextdownl, nextdown and nextdownf are added to
853 libm. They are defined by TS 18661 and IEEE754-2008. The nextup functions
854 return the next representable value in the direction of positive infinity
855 and the nextdown functions return the next representable value in the
856 direction of negative infinity. These are currently enabled as GNU
859 Security related changes:
861 * An unnecessary stack copy in _nss_dns_getnetbyname_r was removed. It
862 could result in a stack overflow when getnetbyname was called with an
863 overly long name. (CVE-2016-3075)
865 * Previously, getaddrinfo copied large amounts of address data to the stack,
866 even after the fix for CVE-2013-4458 has been applied, potentially
867 resulting in a stack overflow. getaddrinfo now uses a heap allocation
868 instead. Reported by Michael Petlan. (CVE-2016-3706)
870 * The glob function suffered from a stack-based buffer overflow when it was
871 called with the GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC flag and encountered a long file name.
872 Reported by Alexander Cherepanov. (CVE-2016-1234)
874 * The Sun RPC UDP client could exhaust all available stack space when
875 flooded with crafted ICMP and UDP messages. Reported by Aldy Hernandez'
876 alloca plugin for GCC. (CVE-2016-4429)
878 * The IPv6 name server management code in libresolv could result in a memory
879 leak for each thread which is created, performs a failing naming lookup,
880 and exits. Over time, this could result in a denial of service due to
881 memory exhaustion. Reported by Matthias Schiffer. (CVE-2016-5417)
883 The following bugs are resolved with this release:
885 [1170] localedata: ne_NP: update Nepali locale definition file
886 [3629] manual: stpcpy description in string.texi refers to MS-DOG instead
888 [6527] malloc: [powerpc] Malloc alignment insufficient for PowerPC
889 [6796] math: fdim() does not set errno on overflow
890 [10354] libc: posix_spawn should use vfork() in more cases than presently
891 [11213] localedata: localedata: add copyright disclaimer to locale files
892 [12143] localedata: chr_US: new Cherokee locale
893 [12450] localedata: sgs_LT: new locale
894 [12676] localedata: ln_CD: new locale
895 [13237] localedata: LC_ADDRESS.country_name: update all locales w/latest
897 [13304] math: fma, fmaf, fmal produce wrong results
898 [14259] build: --localedir arg to configure is ignored
899 [14499] nptl: Does posix_spawn invoke atfork handlers / use vfork?
900 [14750] libc: Race condition in posix_spawn vfork usage vs signal handlers
901 [14934] localedata: es_CL: wrong first weekday chilean locale
902 [15262] localedata: LC_MESSAGES.yesexpr/noexpr: inconsistent use of
904 [15263] localedata: LC_MESSAGES.yesexpr/noexpr: inconsistent use of 1/0
906 [15264] localedata: LC_MESSAGES.yesstr/nostr: lacking in many locales
907 [15368] nptl: raise() is not async-signal-safe
908 [15479] math: ceil, floor, round and trunc raise inexact exception
909 [15578] localedata: kk_KZ: various updates
910 [16003] localedata: pap_AN: punt old locale
911 [16137] localedata: iw_IL: punt old locale
912 [16190] localedata: eo: new esperanto locale
913 [16374] localedata: lv_LV: change currency symbol in LC_MONETARY to euro
914 [16742] malloc: race condition: pthread_atfork() called before first
915 malloc() results in unexpected locking behaviour/deadlocks
916 [16975] localedata: LC_MESSAGES.yesexpr/noexpr: revisit capitalization in
918 [16983] localedata: postal_fmt does not allow %l and %n modifiers
919 [17565] localedata: pt_PT: wrong (work-)week start
920 [17899] math: [powerpc] floorl returns negative zero with FE_DOWNWARD
921 [17950] build: Build fails with -msse
922 [18205] localedata: be_BY*: wrong first_weekday and first_workday
923 [18433] libc: posix_spawn does not return correctly upon failure to
925 [18453] localedata: charmaps/IBM875: incorrect codes
926 [18712] string: bits/string2.h incompatible with -O2 -Werror=packed
928 [18896] localedata: he_IL: improvements for currency
929 [18911] localedata: ro_RO: Correcting week day name for "Tuesday" in
931 [18960] locale: s390: _nl_locale_subfreeres uses larl opcode on misaligned
933 [19056] libc: Deprecate readdir_r
934 [19133] localedata: pt_*: days & months should be lowercase in Portuguese
936 [19198] localedata: nl_NL: small improvements for Dutch locales
937 [19257] network: Per-thread memory leak in __res_vinit with IPv6
938 nameservers (CVE-2016-5417)
939 [19269] build: tst-audit4 and tst-audit10 failures with gcc-6 on non avx
941 [19400] locale: Language missing in "iso-639.def", trivial fix in
943 [19431] malloc: Deadlock between fflush, getdelim, and fork
944 [19505] libc: Incorrect file descriptor validity checks in
945 posix_spawn_file_actions_add{open,close,dup2}
946 [19509] dynamic-link: dlsym, dlvsym do not report errors through dlerror
948 [19512] locale: Stale `#ifndef HAVE_BUILTIN_EXPECT' in
949 `intl/{gettextP,loadinfo}.h'
950 [19534] libc: execle, execlp may use malloc
951 [19568] localedata: *_CH: Swiss locales have inconsistent start of week
952 [19573] network: res_nclose and __res_maybe_init disagree about name
953 server initialization, breaking Hesiod
954 [19575] localedata: Status of GB18030 tables
955 [19581] localedata: sr_* date_fmt string contains additional newline
956 [19583] string: SSSE3_Fast_Copy_Backward flag needs to be enabled for AMD
958 [19592] math: [ldbl-128ibm] ceill incorrect in non-default rounding modes
959 [19593] math: [ldbl-128ibm] truncl incorrect in non-default rounding modes
960 [19594] math: [ldbl-128ibm] roundl incorrect in non-default rounding modes
961 [19595] math: [ldbl-128ibm] fmodl incorrect for results in subnormal
963 [19602] math: [ldbl-128ibm] fmodl handling of equal arguments with low
965 [19603] math: [ldbl-128ibm] remainderl, remquol incorrect sign handling in
967 [19610] dynamic-link: ldconfig -X removes stale symbolic links
968 [19613] libc: s390x (64 bit) macro expansion WCOREDUMP and others
969 [19633] locale: strfmon_l applies global locale to number formatting
970 [19642] network: Memory leak in getnameinfo
971 [19648] libc: test-skeleton.c: Do not set RLIMIT_DATA
972 [19653] libc: Potential for NULL pointer dereference (CWE-476) in
974 [19654] math: [x86_64] Need testcase for BZ #19590 fix
975 [19671] localedata: Missing Sanity Check for malloc() in 'tst-fmon.c' &
977 [19674] math: [ldbl-128ibm] powl incorrect overflow handling
978 [19677] math: [ldbl-128ibm] remainderl equality test incorrect for zero
980 [19678] math: [ldbl-128ibm] nextafterl, nexttowardl incorrect sign of zero
982 [19679] dynamic-link: gcc-4.9.3 C++ exception handling broken due to
984 [19726] locale: Converting UCS4LE to INTERNAL with iconv() does not update
985 pointers and lengths in error-case.
986 [19727] locale: Converting from/to UTF-xx with iconv() does not always
987 report errors on UTF-16 surrogates values.
988 [19755] nscd: nscd assertion failure in gc
989 [19758] dynamic-link: Typo in EXTRA_LD_ENVVARS for x86-64
990 [19759] libc: mempcpy shouldn't be inlined
991 [19762] dynamic-link: HAS_CPU_FEATURE/HAS_ARCH_FEATURE are easy to misuse
992 [19765] libc: s390 needs an optimized mempcpy
993 [19779] glob: glob: buffer overflow with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC due to incorrect
994 NAME_MAX limit assumption (CVE-2016-1234)
995 [19783] build: benchtests don't support --enable-hardcoded-path-in-tests
996 [19787] network: Missing and incorrect truncation checks in getnameinfo
997 [19790] math: [ldbl-128ibm] nearbyintl incorrect in non-default rounding
999 [19791] network: Assertion failure in res_query.c with un-connectable name
1001 [19792] libc: MIPS: backtrace yields infinite backtrace with makecontext
1002 [19822] math: libm.so install clobbers old version
1003 [19825] network: resolv: send_vc can return uninitialized data in second
1004 response to getaddrinfo
1005 [19830] network: nss_dns: should check RDATA length against buffer length
1006 [19831] network: nss_dns: getaddrinfo returns uninitialized data when
1007 confronted with A/AAAA records of invalid size
1008 [19837] nss: nss_db: No retries for some long lines with a larger buffer
1009 [19848] math: powl(10,n) for n=-4,-5,-6,-7 is off by more than 1 ULP
1010 [19853] stdio: Printing IBM long double in decimal with high precision is
1012 [19860] build: x86_64: compile errors for tst-audit10 and tst-auditmod10b
1013 [19861] nptl: libpthread IFUNC resolver for fork can lead to crash
1014 [19862] network: resolv, nss_dns: Remove remaining logging of unexpected
1016 [19865] network: Assertion failure or memory leak in
1017 _nss_dns_getcanonname_r
1018 [19868] network: nss_dns: netent code does not skip over non-PTR records
1019 [19879] network: nss_dns: Stack overflow in getnetbyname implementation
1021 [19881] string: Improve x86-64 memset
1022 [19907] string: Incorrect memcpy tests
1023 [19916] dynamic-link: S390: fprs/vrs are not saved/restored while
1025 [19925] libc: termios.h XCASE namespace
1026 [19928] string: memmove-vec-unaligned-erms.S is slow with large data size
1027 [19929] libc: limits.h NL_NMAX namespace
1028 [19931] stdio: Memory leak in vfprintf
1029 [19957] libc: clone(CLONE_VM) access invalid parent memory
1030 [19963] localedata: en_IL: New locale
1031 [19989] stdio: stdio.h cuserid namespace
1032 [19994] network: getaddrinfo does not restore RES_USE_INET6 flag in
1034 [19996] locale: langinfo.h nl_langinfo_l namespace
1035 [20005] stdio: fflush on a file opened with fmemopen resets position to 0
1036 [20010] network: getaddrinfo: Stack overflow in hostent translation
1038 [20012] stdio: libio: fmemopen append mode failure
1039 [20014] stdio: stdio.h namespace for pre-threads POSIX
1040 [20017] network: resolv: Use gmtime_r instead of gmtime in p_secstodate
1041 [20023] libc: fcntl.h timespec namespace
1042 [20024] math: [x86_64] vectorized sincos trashes the stack
1043 [20031] network: nss_hesiod: Heap overflow in get_txt_records
1044 [20041] time: sys/time.h timespec namespace
1045 [20043] libc: unistd.h missing cuserid for UNIX98 and before
1046 [20044] libc: unistd.h missing pthread_atfork for UNIX98
1047 [20051] libc: ttyslot in wrong header under wrong conditions
1048 [20054] libc: gethostname not declared for XPG4
1049 [20055] libc: termios.h missing tcgetsid for XPG4
1050 [20072] dynamic-link: x86 init_cpu_features is called twice in static
1052 [20073] libc: sys/stat.h fchmod namespace
1053 [20074] libc: stdlib.h rand_r namespace
1054 [20076] libc: sys/stat.h missing S_IFSOCK, S_ISSOCK for XPG4
1055 [20094] libc: stdlib.h should not declare grantpt, ptsname, unlockpt for
1057 [20111] libc: struct sockaddr_storage cannot be aggregate-copied
1058 [20112] network: sunrpc: stack (frame) overflow in Sun RPC clntudp_call
1060 [20115] string: Extra alignment in memset-vec-unaligned-erms.S
1061 [20119] libc: Wrong mask for processors level type from CPUID
1062 [20139] dynamic-link: Upper part of zmm is zeroed if Glibc is built with
1063 AS not supporting AVX512
1064 [20151] math: [ldbl-128/ldbl-128ibm] j0l, j1l, y0l, y1l return sNaN for
1066 [20153] math: [ldbl-128ibm] sqrtl (sNaN) returns sNaN
1067 [20156] math: [ldbl-128ibm] ceill, rintl etc. return sNaN for sNaN
1069 [20157] math: [powerpc] fabsl (sNaN) wrongly raises "invalid"
1070 [20160] math: [powerpc] ceil, rint etc. return sNaN for sNaN input
1071 [20178] libc: posix_spawn{p} should not call exit
1072 [20191] stdio: libio: vtables hardening
1073 [20195] string: FMA4 detection requires CPUID execution with register
1075 [20198] libc: quick_exit incorrectly destroys C++11 thread objects.
1076 [20205] math: [i386/x86_64] nextafterl incorrect incrementing negative
1078 [20212] math: acos (sNaN) returns sNaN
1079 [20213] math: asin (sNaN) returns sNaN
1080 [20214] network: Linux header sync with linux/in6.h and ipv6.h again.
1081 [20218] math: [i386] asinhl (sNaN) returns sNaN
1082 [20219] math: [i386] atanhl (sNaN) returns sNaN
1083 [20222] stdio: fopencookie: Mangle function pointers
1084 [20224] math: [i386] cbrtl (sNaN) returns sNaN
1085 [20225] math: ldexp, scalbn, scalbln return sNaN for sNaN input
1086 [20226] math: [i386/x86_64] expl, exp10l, expm1l return sNaN for sNaN
1088 [20227] math: [i386/x86_64] logl (sNaN) returns sNaN
1089 [20228] math: [i386/x86_64] log10l (sNaN) returns sNaN
1090 [20229] math: [i386/x86_64] log1pl (sNaN) returns sNaN
1091 [20232] math: [ldbl-128] expm1l (sNaN) returns sNaN
1092 [20233] math: [ldbl-128ibm] expm1l (sNaN) returns sNaN
1093 [20234] math: [ldbl-128ibm] log1pl (sNaN) returns sNaN
1094 [20235] math: [i386/x86_64] log2l (sNaN) returns sNaN
1095 [20237] nss: nss_db: get*ent segfaults without preceding set*ent
1096 [20240] math: modf (sNaN) returns sNaN
1097 [20248] libc: debug/tst-longjump_chk2 calls printf from a signal handler
1098 [20250] math: frexp (sNaN) returns sNaN
1099 [20252] math: atan2 (sNaN, qNaN) fails to raise "invalid"
1100 [20255] math: [i386] fdim, fdimf return with excess range and precision /
1102 [20256] math: [i386/x86_64] fdiml returns sNaN for sNaN input
1103 [20260] string: ../sysdeps/x86/bits/string.h:1092:3: error: array
1104 subscript is below array bounds [-Werror=array-bounds]
1105 [20262] nis: _nss_nis_initgroups_dyn always returns NSS_STATUS_NOTFOUND
1106 [20263] nptl: robust mutex deadlocks if other thread requests timedlock
1108 [20277] libc: $dp is not initialized correctly in sysdeps/hppa/start.S
1109 [20284] malloc: malloc: Corrupt arena avoidance causes unnecessary mmap
1111 [20296] math: [i386/x86_64] scalbl returns sNaN for sNaN input, missing
1112 "invalid" exceptions
1113 [20314] nptl: make[4]: *** [/usr/include/stdlib.h] Error 1
1114 [20316] localedata: id_ID: Februari instead of Pebruari
1115 [20327] string: POWER8 strcasecmp returns incorrect result
1116 [20347] math: Failure: Test: j0_downward (0xap+0)
1117 [20348] libc: FAIL: misc/tst-preadvwritev64
1118 [20349] libc: 64-bit value is passed differently in p{readv,writev}{64}
1119 [20350] libc: There is no test for p{read,write}64
1120 [20357] math: Incorrect cos result for 1.5174239687223976
1121 [20384] build: Don't run libmvec-sincos-avx* tests on non avx machines
1125 * Unicode 8.0.0 Support: Character encoding, character type info, and
1126 transliteration tables are all updated to Unicode 8.0.0, using new
1127 and/or improved generator scripts contributed by Mike FABIAN (Red Hat).
1128 These updates cause user visible changes, such as the fixes for bugs
1129 89, 16061, and 18568.
1131 * sched_setaffinity, pthread_setaffinity_np no longer attempt to guess the
1132 kernel-internal CPU set size. This means that requests that change the
1133 CPU affinity which failed before (for example, an all-ones CPU mask) will
1134 now succeed. Applications that need to determine the effective CPU
1135 affinities need to call sched_getaffinity or pthread_getaffinity_np after
1136 setting it because the kernel can adjust it (and the previous size check
1137 would not detect this in the majority of cases).
1139 * The fts.h header can now be used with -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64. With LFS
1140 the following new symbols are used: fts64_children, fts64_close,
1141 fts64_open, fts64_read and fts64_set.
1143 * getaddrinfo now detects certain invalid responses on an internal netlink
1144 socket. If such responses are received, an affected process will
1145 terminate with an error message of "Unexpected error <number> on netlink
1146 descriptor <number>" or "Unexpected netlink response of size <number> on
1147 descriptor <number>". The most likely cause for these errors is a
1148 multi-threaded application which erroneously closes and reuses the netlink
1149 file descriptor while it is used by getaddrinfo.
1151 * A defect in the malloc implementation, present since glibc 2.15 (2012) or
1152 glibc 2.10 via --enable-experimental-malloc (2009), could result in the
1153 unnecessary serialization of memory allocation requests across threads.
1154 The defect is now corrected. Users should see a substantial increase in
1155 the concurent throughput of allocation requests for applications which
1156 trigger this bug. Affected applications typically create and
1157 destroy threads frequently. (Bug 19048 was reported and analyzed by
1160 * There is now a --disable-timezone-tools configure option for disabling the
1161 building and installing of the timezone related utilities (zic, zdump, and
1162 tzselect). This is useful for people who build the timezone data and code
1163 independent of the GNU C Library.
1165 * The obsolete header <regexp.h> has been removed. Programs that require
1166 this header must be updated to use <regex.h> instead.
1168 * The obsolete functions bdflush, create_module, get_kernel_syms,
1169 query_module and uselib are no longer available to newly linked binaries;
1170 the header <sys/kdaemon.h> has been removed. These functions and header
1171 were specific to systems using the Linux kernel and could not usefully be
1172 used with the GNU C Library on systems with version 2.6 or later of the
1175 * Optimized string, wcsmbs and memory functions for IBM z13.
1176 Implemented by Stefan Liebler.
1178 * Newly linked programs that define a variable called signgam will no longer
1179 have it set by the lgamma, lgammaf and lgammal functions. Programs that
1180 require signgam to be set by those functions must ensure that they use the
1181 variable provided by the GNU C Library and declared in <math.h>, without
1182 defining their own copy.
1184 * The minimum GCC version that can be used to build this version of the GNU
1185 C Library is GCC 4.7. Older GCC versions, and non-GNU compilers, can
1186 still be used to compile programs using the GNU C Library.
1188 Security related changes:
1190 * An out-of-bounds value in a broken-out struct tm argument to strftime no
1191 longer causes a crash. Reported by Adam Nielsen. (CVE-2015-8776)
1193 * The LD_POINTER_GUARD environment variable can no longer be used to disable
1194 the pointer guard feature. It is always enabled. Previously,
1195 LD_POINTER_GUARD could be used to disable security hardening in binaries
1196 running in privileged AT_SECURE mode. Reported by Hector Marco-Gisbert.
1199 * An integer overflow in hcreate and hcreate_r could lead to an
1200 out-of-bounds memory access. Reported by Szabolcs Nagy. (CVE-2015-8778)
1202 * The catopen function no longer has unbounded stack usage. Reported by
1203 Max. (CVE-2015-8779)
1205 * The nan, nanf and nanl functions no longer have unbounded stack usage
1206 depending on the length of the string passed as an argument to the
1207 functions. Reported by Joseph Myers. (CVE-2014-9761)
1209 * A stack-based buffer overflow was found in libresolv when invoked from
1210 libnss_dns, allowing specially crafted DNS responses to seize control
1211 of execution flow in the DNS client. The buffer overflow occurs in
1212 the functions send_dg (send datagram) and send_vc (send TCP) for the
1213 NSS module libnss_dns.so.2 when calling getaddrinfo with AF_UNSPEC
1214 family. The use of AF_UNSPEC triggers the low-level resolver code to
1215 send out two parallel queries for A and AAAA. A mismanagement of the
1216 buffers used for those queries could result in the response of a query
1217 writing beyond the alloca allocated buffer created by
1218 _nss_dns_gethostbyname4_r. Buffer management is simplified to remove
1219 the overflow. Thanks to the Google Security Team and Red Hat for
1220 reporting the security impact of this issue, and Robert Holiday of
1221 Ciena for reporting the related bug 18665. (CVE-2015-7547)
1223 The following bugs are resolved with this release:
1225 [89] localedata: Locales nb_NO and nn_NO should transliterate æøå
1226 [887] math: Math library function "logb" and "nextafter" inconsistent
1227 [2542] math: Incorrect return from float gamma (-0X1.FA471547C2FE5P+1)
1228 [2543] math: Incorrect return from float gamma (-0X1.9260DCP+1)
1229 [2558] math: Incorrect return from double gamma (-0X1.FA471547C2FE5P+1)
1230 [2898] libc: [improve] warning: the use of `mktemp' is dangerous, better
1232 [4404] localedata: German translation of "Alarm clock" is misleading
1233 [6799] math: nextafter() and nexttoward() doen't set errno on
1234 overflow/underflow errors
1235 [6803] math: scalb(), scalbln(), scalbn() do not set errno on
1237 [10432] nis: _nss_nis_setnetgrent assertion failure
1238 [11460] libc: fts has no LFS support
1239 [12926] network: getaddrinfo()/make_request() may spin forever
1240 [13065] nptl: Race condition in pthread barriers
1241 [13690] nptl: pthread_mutex_unlock potentially cause invalid access
1242 [14341] dynamic-link: Dynamic linker crash when DT_JMPREL and DT_REL{,A}
1244 [14551] math: [ldbl-128ibm] strtold overflow handling for IBM long double
1245 [14912] libc: Rename non-installed bits/*.h headers
1246 [15002] libc: Avoid undefined behavior in posix_fallocate overflow check
1247 [15367] math: Let gcc use __builtin_isinf
1248 [15384] math: One constant fewer in ieee754/dbl-64/wordsize-64/s_finite.c
1249 [15421] math: lgamma wrongly sets signgam for ISO C
1250 [15470] math: [arm] On ARM llrintl() and llroundl() do not raise
1251 FE_INVALID with argument out of range
1252 [15491] math: [i386/x86_64] x86 nearbyint implementations wrongly clear
1254 [15786] dynamic-link: ifunc resolver functions can smash function
1256 [15918] math: Unnecessary check for equality in hypotf()
1257 [16061] localedata: Review / update transliteration data
1258 [16068] math: [i386/x86_64] x86 and x86_64 fesetenv exclude state they
1260 [16141] time: strptime %z offset restriction
1261 [16171] math: drem should be alias of remainder
1262 [16296] math: fegetround is pure?
1263 [16347] math: [ldbl-128ibm] ldbl-128/e_lgammal_r.c may not be suitable.
1264 [16364] libc: sleep may leave SIGCHLD blocked on sync cancellation on
1266 [16399] math: [mips] lrint / llrint / lround / llround missing exceptions
1267 [16415] math: Clean up ldbl-128 / ldbl-128ibm expm1l for large positive
1269 [16422] math: [powerpc] math-float, math-double failing llrint tests with
1270 "Exception "Inexact" set" on ppc32
1271 [16495] localedata: nl_NL: date_fmt: shuffle year/month around
1272 [16517] math: Missing underflow exception from tanf/tan/tanl
1273 [16519] math: Missing underflow exception from sinhf
1274 [16520] math: Missing underflow exception from tanhf
1275 [16521] math: Missing underflow exception from exp2
1276 [16620] math: [ldbl-128ibm] exp10l spurious overflows / bad directed
1278 [16734] stdio: fopen calls mmap to allocate its buffer
1279 [16961] math: nan function incorrect handling of bad sequences
1280 [16962] math: nan function unbounded stack allocation (CVE-2014-9761)
1281 [16973] localedata: Fix lang_lib/lang_term as per ISO 639-2
1282 [16985] locale: localedef: confusing error message when opening output
1284 [17118] math: ctanh(INFINITY + 2 * I) returns incorrect value
1285 [17197] locale: Redundant shift character in iconv conversion output at
1287 [17243] libc: trunk/posix/execl.c:53: va_args problem ?
1288 [17244] libc: trunk/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/semctl.c:116: va_args muxup ?
1289 [17250] dynamic-link: static linking breaks nss loading
1290 (getaddrinfo/getpwnam/etc...)
1291 [17404] libc: atomic_exchange_rel lacking a barrier on MIPS16, GCC before
1293 [17441] math: isnan() should use __builtin_isnan() in GCC
1294 [17514] nptl: Assert failure unlocking ERRORCHECK mutex after timedlock
1295 (related to lock elision)
1296 [17787] manual: Exponent on page 324 of the PDF ends prematurely
1297 [17886] time: strptime should be able to parse "Z" as a timezone with %z
1298 [17887] time: strptime should be able to parse "+01:00" style timezones
1299 [17905] libc: catopen() Multiple unbounded stack allocations
1301 [18084] libc: backtrace (..., 0) dumps core on x86
1302 [18086] libc: nice() sets errno to 0 on success
1303 [18240] libc: hcreate, hcreate_r should fail with ENOMEM if element count
1304 is too large (CVE-2015-8778)
1305 [18251] dynamic-link: SONAME missing when audit modules provides path
1306 [18265] libc: add attributes for wchar string and memory functions
1307 [18370] math: csqrt missing underflows
1308 [18421] libc: [hppa] read-only segment has dynamic relocations
1309 [18472] libc: Obsolete syscall wrappers should be compat symbols
1310 [18480] libc: hppa glibc miscompilation in sched_setaffinity()
1311 [18491] localedata: Update tr_TR LC_CTYPE as part of Unicode updates
1312 [18525] localedata: Remove locale timezone information
1313 [18560] libc: [powerpc] spurious bits/ipc.h definitions
1314 [18568] localedata: Update locale data to Unicode 8.0
1315 [18589] locale: sort-test.sh fails at random
1316 [18595] math: ctan, ctanh missing underflows
1317 [18604] libc: assert macro-expands its argument
1318 [18610] math: S390: fetestexcept() reports any exception if DXC-code
1319 contains a vector instruction exception.
1320 [18611] math: j1, jn missing errno setting on underflow
1321 [18618] localedata: sync Chechen locale definitions with other *_RU
1323 [18647] math: powf(-0x1.000002p0, 0x1p30) returns 0 instead of +inf
1324 [18661] libc: Some x86-64 assembly codes don't align stack to 16 bytes
1325 [18665] network: In send_dg, the recvfrom function is NOT always using the
1326 buffer size of a newly created buffer (CVE-2015-7547)
1327 [18674] libc: [i386] trunk/sysdeps/i386/tst-auditmod3b.c:84: possible
1329 [18675] libc: fpathconf(_PC_NAME_MAX) fails against large filesystems for
1331 [18681] libc: regexp.h is obsolete and buggy, and should be desupported
1332 [18699] math: tilegx cproj() for various complex infinities does not yield
1334 [18724] libc: Harden put*ent functions against data injection
1335 [18743] nptl: PowerPC: findutils testcase fails with --enable-lock-elision
1336 [18755] build: build errors with -DNDEBUG
1337 [18757] stdio: fmemopen fails to set errno on failure
1338 [18778] dynamic-link: ld.so crashes if failed dlopen causes libpthread to
1340 [18781] libc: openat64 lacks O_LARGEFILE
1341 [18787] libc: [hppa] sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/hppa/bits/atomic.h:71:6:
1342 error: can’t find a register in class ‘R1_REGS’ while reloading ‘asm’
1343 [18789] math: [ldbl-128ibm] sinhl inaccurate near 0
1344 [18790] math: [ldbl-128ibm] tanhl inaccurate
1345 [18795] libc: stpncpy fortification misses buffer lengths that are
1346 statically too large
1347 [18796] build: build fails for --disable-mathvec
1348 [18803] math: hypot missing underflows
1349 [18820] stdio: fmemopen may leak memory on failure
1350 [18823] math: csqrt spurious underflows
1351 [18824] math: fma spurious underflows
1352 [18825] math: pow missing underflows
1353 [18857] math: [ldbl-128ibm] nearbyintl wrongly uses signaling comparisons
1354 [18868] nptl: pthread_barrier_init typo has in-theory-undefined behavior
1355 [18870] build: sem_open.c fails to compile with missing symbol
1357 [18872] stdio: Fix memory leak in printf_positional
1358 [18873] libc: posix_fallocate overflow check ineffective
1359 [18875] math: Excess precision leads incorrect libm
1360 [18877] libc: arm: mmap offset regression
1361 [18887] libc: memory corruption when using getmntent on blank lines
1362 [18918] localedata: hu_HU: change time to HH:MM:SS format
1363 [18921] libc: Regression: extraneous stat() and fstat() performed by
1365 [18928] dynamic-link: LD_POINTER_GUARD is not ignored for privileged
1366 binaries (CVE-2015-8777)
1367 [18951] math: tgamma missing underflows
1368 [18952] math: [ldbl-128/ldbl-128ibm] lgammal spurious "invalid", incorrect
1370 [18953] localedata: lt_LT: change currency symbol to the euro
1371 [18956] math: powf inaccuracy
1372 [18961] math: [i386] exp missing underflows
1373 [18966] math: [i386] exp10 missing underflows
1374 [18967] math: math.h XSI POSIX namespace (gamma, isnan, scalb)
1375 [18969] build: multiple string test failures due to missing locale
1377 [18970] libc: Reference of pthread_setcancelstate in libc.a
1378 [18977] math: float / long double Bessel functions not in XSI POSIX
1379 [18980] math: i386 libm functions return with excess range and precision
1380 [18981] math: i386 scalb*, ldexp return with excess range and precision
1381 [18982] stdio: va_list and vprintf
1382 [18985] time: Passing out of range data to strftime() causes a segfault
1384 [19003] math: [x86_64] fma4 version of pow inappropriate contraction
1385 [19007] libc: FAIL: elf/check-localplt with -z now and binutils 2.26
1386 [19012] locale: iconv_open leaks memory on error path
1387 [19016] math: clog, clog10 inaccuracy
1388 [19018] nptl: Mangle function pointers in tls_dtor_list
1389 [19032] math: [i386] acosh (-qNaN) spurious "invalid" exception
1390 [19046] math: ldbl-128 / ldbl-128ibm lgamma bad overflow handling
1391 [19048] malloc: malloc: arena free list can become cyclic, increasing
1393 [19049] math: [powerpc] erfc incorrect zero sign
1394 [19050] math: [powerpc] log* incorrect zero sign
1395 [19058] math: [x86_64] Link fail with -fopenmp and -flto
1396 [19059] math: nexttoward overflow incorrect in non-default rounding modes
1397 [19071] math: ldbl-96 lroundl incorrect just below powers of 2
1398 [19074] network: Data race in _res_hconf_reorder_addrs
1399 [19076] math: [ldbl-128ibm] log1pl (-1) wrong sign of infinity
1400 [19077] math: [ldbl-128ibm] logl (1) incorrect sign of zero result
1401 [19078] math: [ldbl-128ibm] expl overflow incorrect in non-default
1403 [19079] math: dbl-64/wordsize-64 lround based on llround incorrect for
1405 [19085] math: ldbl-128 lrintl, lroundl missing exceptions for 32-bit long
1406 [19086] manual: posix_fallocate64 documented argument order is wrong.
1407 [19088] math: lround, llround missing exceptions close to overflow
1409 [19094] math: lrint, llrint missing exceptions close to overflow threshold
1410 [19095] math: dbl-64 lrint incorrect for 64-bit long
1411 [19122] dynamic-link: Unnecessary PLT relocations in librtld.os
1412 [19124] dynamic-link: ld.so failed to build with older assmebler
1413 [19125] math: [powerpc32] llroundf, llround incorrect exceptions
1414 [19129] dynamic-link: [arm] Concurrent lazy TLSDESC resolution can crash
1415 [19134] math: [powerpc32] lround, lroundf spurious exceptions
1416 [19137] libc: i386/epoll_pwait.S doesn't support cancellation
1417 [19143] nptl: Remove CPU set size checking from sched_setaffinity,
1418 pthread_setaffinity_np
1419 [19156] math: [ldbl-128] j0l spurious underflows
1420 [19164] nptl: tst-getcpu fails with many possible CPUs
1421 [19168] math: math/test-ildoubl and math/test-ldouble failure
1422 [19174] nptl: PowerPC: TLE enabled pthread mutex performs poorly.
1423 [19178] dynamic-link: ELF_RTYPE_CLASS_EXTERN_PROTECTED_DATA confuses
1425 [19181] math: [i386/x86_64] fesetenv (FE_DFL_ENV), fesetenv
1426 (FE_NOMASK_ENV) do not clear SSE exceptions
1427 [19182] malloc: malloc deadlock between ptmalloc_lock_all and
1428 _int_new_arena/reused_arena
1429 [19189] math: [ldbl-128] log1pl (-qNaN) spurious "invalid" exception
1430 [19201] math: dbl-64 remainder incorrect sign of zero result
1431 [19205] math: bits/math-finite.h conditions do not match math.h and
1433 [19209] math: bits/math-finite.h wrongly maps ldexp to scalbn
1434 [19211] math: lgamma functions do not set signgam for -ffinite-math-only
1435 for C99-based standards
1436 [19212] libc: features.h not -Wundef clean
1437 [19213] math: [i386/x86_64] log* (1) incorrect zero sign for -ffinite-
1439 [19214] libc: Family and model identification for AMD CPU's are incorrect.
1440 [19219] libc: GLIBC build fails for ia64 with missing __nearbyintl
1441 [19228] math: [powerpc] nearbyint wrongly clears "inexact", leaves traps
1443 [19235] math: [powerpc64] lround, lroundf, llround, llroundf spurious
1444 "inexact" exceptions
1445 [19238] math: [powerpc] round, roundf spurious "inexact" for integer
1447 [19242] libc: strtol incorrect in Turkish locales
1448 [19243] malloc: reused_arena can pick an arena on the free list, leading
1449 to an assertion failure and reference count corruption
1450 [19253] time: tzset() ineffective when temporary TZ did not include DST
1452 [19266] math: strtod ("NAN(I)") incorrect in Turkish locales
1453 [19270] math: [hppa] Shared libm missing __isnanl
1454 [19285] libc: [hppa] sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/hppa/bits/mman.h: missing
1455 MAP_HUGETLB and MAP_STACK defines
1456 [19313] nptl: Wrong __cpu_mask for x32
1457 [19347] libc: grantpt: try to force a specific gid even without pt_chown
1458 [19349] math: [ldbl-128ibm] tanhl inaccurate for small arguments
1459 [19350] math: [ldbl-128ibm] sinhl spurious overflows
1460 [19351] math: [ldbl-128ibm] logl inaccurate near 1
1461 [19363] time: x32: times() return value wrongly truncates/sign extends
1463 [19367] dynamic-link: Improve branch prediction on Silvermont
1464 [19369] network: Default domain name not reset by res_ninit when "search"
1465 / "domain" entry is removed from resolv.conf
1466 [19375] math: powerpc: incorrect results for POWER7 logb with negative
1468 [19385] localedata: bg_BG: time separator should be colon, not comma
1469 [19408] libc: linux personality syscall wrapper may erroneously return an
1470 error on 32-bit architectures
1471 [19415] libc: dladdr returns wrong names on hppa
1472 [19432] libc: iconv rejects redundant escape sequences in IBM900, IBM903,
1473 IBM905, IBM907, and IBM909
1474 [19439] math: Unix98 isinf and isnan functions conflict with C++11
1475 [19443] build: build failures with -DDEBUG
1476 [19451] build: Make check fails on test-double-vlen2
1477 [19462] libc: Glibc failed to build with -Os
1478 [19465] math: Wrong code with -Os
1479 [19466] time: time/tst-mktime2.c is compiled into an infinite loop with
1481 [19467] string: Fast_Unaligned_Load needs to be enabled for Excavator core
1483 [19475] libc: Glibc 2.22 doesn't build on sparc [PATCH]
1484 [19486] math: S390: Math tests fail with "Exception Inexact set".
1485 [19529] libc: [ARM]: FAIL: stdlib/tst-makecontext
1486 [19550] libc: [mips] mmap negative offset handling inconsistent with other
1488 [19590] math: Fail to build shared objects that use libmvec.so functions.
1492 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
1494 438, 2981, 4719, 6544, 6792, 11216, 12836, 13028, 13064, 13151, 13152,
1495 14094, 14113, 14292, 14841, 14906, 14958, 15319, 15467, 15790, 15969,
1496 16159, 16339, 16350, 16351, 16352, 16353, 16361, 16512, 16526, 16538,
1497 16559, 16560, 16704, 16783, 16850, 17053, 17090, 17195, 17269, 17293,
1498 17322, 17403, 17475, 17523, 17542, 17569, 17581, 17588, 17596, 17620,
1499 17621, 17628, 17631, 17692, 17711, 17715, 17776, 17779, 17792, 17833,
1500 17836, 17841, 17912, 17916, 17930, 17932, 17944, 17949, 17964, 17965,
1501 17967, 17969, 17977, 17978, 17987, 17991, 17996, 17998, 17999, 18007,
1502 18019, 18020, 18029, 18030, 18032, 18034, 18036, 18038, 18039, 18042,
1503 18043, 18046, 18047, 18049, 18068, 18078, 18080, 18093, 18100, 18104,
1504 18110, 18111, 18116, 18125, 18128, 18134, 18138, 18185, 18196, 18197,
1505 18206, 18210, 18211, 18217, 18219, 18220, 18221, 18234, 18244, 18245,
1506 18247, 18287, 18319, 18324, 18333, 18346, 18371, 18383, 18397, 18400,
1507 18409, 18410, 18412, 18418, 18422, 18434, 18444, 18457, 18468, 18469,
1508 18470, 18479, 18483, 18495, 18496, 18497, 18498, 18502, 18507, 18508,
1509 18512, 18513, 18519, 18520, 18522, 18527, 18528, 18529, 18530, 18532,
1510 18533, 18534, 18536, 18539, 18540, 18542, 18544, 18545, 18546, 18547,
1511 18549, 18553, 18557, 18558, 18569, 18583, 18585, 18586, 18592, 18593,
1512 18594, 18602, 18612, 18613, 18619, 18633, 18635, 18641, 18643, 18648,
1513 18657, 18676, 18694, 18696, 18887.
1515 * Cache information can be queried via sysconf() function on s390 e.g. with
1516 _SC_LEVEL1_ICACHE_SIZE as argument.
1518 * A buffer overflow in gethostbyname_r and related functions performing DNS
1519 requests has been fixed. If the NSS functions were called with a
1520 misaligned buffer, the buffer length change due to pointer alignment was
1521 not taken into account. This could result in application crashes or,
1522 potentially arbitrary code execution, using crafted, but syntactically
1523 valid DNS responses. (CVE-2015-1781)
1525 * The time zone file parser has been made more robust against crafted time
1526 zone files, avoiding heap buffer overflows related to the processing of
1527 the tzh_ttisstdcnt and tzh_ttisgmtcnt fields, and a stack overflow due to
1528 large time zone data files. Overly long time zone specifiers in the TZ
1529 variable no longer result in stack overflows and crashes.
1531 * A powerpc and powerpc64 optimization for TLS, similar to TLS descriptors
1532 for LD and GD on x86 and x86-64, has been implemented. You will need
1533 binutils-2.24 or later to enable this optimization.
1535 * Character encoding and ctype tables were updated to Unicode 7.0.0, using
1536 new generator scripts contributed by Pravin Satpute and Mike FABIAN (Red
1537 Hat). These updates cause user visible changes, such as the fix for bug
1540 * CVE-2014-8121 The NSS backends shared internal state between the getXXent
1541 and getXXbyYY NSS calls for the same database, causing a denial-of-service
1542 condition in some applications.
1544 * Added vector math library named libmvec with the following vectorized x86_64
1545 implementations: cos, cosf, sin, sinf, sincos, sincosf, log, logf, exp, expf,
1547 The library can be disabled with --disable-mathvec. Use of the functions is
1548 enabled with -fopenmp -ffast-math starting from -O1 for GCC version >= 4.9.0.
1549 Shared library libmvec.so is linked in as needed when using -lm (no need to
1550 specify -lmvec explicitly for not static builds).
1551 Visit <https://sourceware.org/glibc/wiki/libmvec> for detailed information.
1553 * A new fmemopen implementation has been added with the goal of POSIX
1554 compliance. The new implementation fixes the following long-standing
1555 issues: BZ#6544, BZ#11216, BZ#12836, BZ#13151, BZ#13152, and BZ#14292. The
1556 old implementation is still present for use be by existing binaries.
1558 * The 32-bit sparc sigaction ABI was inadvertently broken in the 2.20 and 2.21
1559 releases. It has been fixed to match 2.19 and older, but binaries built
1560 against 2.20 and 2.21 might need to be recompiled. See BZ#18694.
1562 * Port to Native Client running on ARMv7-A (--host=arm-nacl).
1563 Contributed by Roland McGrath (Google).
1565 * The header <regexp.h> is deprecated, and will be removed in a future
1566 release. Use of this header will trigger a deprecation warning.
1567 Application developers should update their code to use <regex.h> instead.
1569 This header was formerly part of SUS, but was deprecated in 1994 and
1570 removed from the standard in 2001. Also, the glibc implementation
1571 leaks memory. See BZ#18681 for more details.
1575 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
1577 6652, 10672, 12674, 12847, 12926, 13862, 14132, 14138, 14171, 14498,
1578 15215, 15378, 15884, 16009, 16418, 16191, 16469, 16576, 16617, 16618,
1579 16619, 16657, 16740, 16857, 17192, 17266, 17273, 17344, 17363, 17370,
1580 17371, 17411, 17460, 17475, 17485, 17501, 17506, 17508, 17522, 17555,
1581 17570, 17571, 17572, 17573, 17574, 17582, 17583, 17584, 17585, 17589,
1582 17594, 17601, 17608, 17616, 17625, 17630, 17633, 17634, 17635, 17647,
1583 17653, 17657, 17658, 17664, 17665, 17668, 17682, 17702, 17717, 17719,
1584 17722, 17723, 17724, 17725, 17732, 17733, 17744, 17745, 17746, 17747,
1585 17748, 17775, 17777, 17780, 17781, 17782, 17791, 17793, 17796, 17797,
1586 17801, 17803, 17806, 17834, 17844, 17848, 17868, 17869, 17870, 17885,
1589 * CVE-2015-1472 CVE-2015-1473 Under certain conditions wscanf can allocate
1590 too little memory for the to-be-scanned arguments and overflow the
1591 allocated buffer. The implementation now correctly computes the required
1592 buffer size when using malloc, and switches to malloc from alloca as
1595 * A new semaphore algorithm has been implemented in generic C code for all
1596 machines. Previous custom assembly implementations of semaphore were
1597 difficult to reason about or ensure that they were safe. The new version
1598 of semaphore supports machines with 64-bit or 32-bit atomic operations.
1599 The new semaphore algorithm is used by sem_init, sem_open, sem_post,
1600 sem_wait, sem_timedwait, sem_trywait, and sem_getvalue.
1602 * Port to Altera Nios II has been contributed by Mentor Graphics.
1604 * Optimized strcpy, stpcpy, strncpy, stpncpy, strcmp, and strncmp
1605 implementations for powerpc64/powerpc64le.
1606 Implemented by Adhemerval Zanella (IBM).
1608 * Added support for TSX lock elision of pthread mutexes on powerpc32, powerpc64
1609 and powerpc64le. This may improve lock scaling of existing programs on
1610 HTM capable systems. The lock elision code is only enabled with
1611 --enable-lock-elision=yes. Also, the TSX lock elision implementation for
1612 powerpc will issue a transaction abort on every syscall to avoid side
1613 effects being visible outside transactions.
1615 * Optimized strcpy, stpcpy, strchrnul and strrchr implementations for
1616 AArch64. Contributed by ARM Ltd.
1618 * i386 memcpy functions optimized with SSE2 unaligned load/store.
1620 * CVE-2104-7817 The wordexp function could ignore the WRDE_NOCMD flag
1621 under certain input conditions resulting in the execution of a shell for
1622 command substitution when the application did not request it. The
1623 implementation now checks WRDE_NOCMD immediately before executing the
1624 shell and returns the error WRDE_CMDSUB as expected.
1626 * CVE-2012-3406 printf-style functions could run into a stack overflow when
1627 processing format strings with a large number of format specifiers.
1629 * CVE-2014-9402 The nss_dns implementation of getnetbyname could run into an
1630 infinite loop if the DNS response contained a PTR record of an unexpected
1633 * The minimum GCC version that can be used to build this version of the GNU
1634 C Library is GCC 4.6. Older GCC versions, and non-GNU compilers, can
1635 still be used to compile programs using the GNU C Library.
1637 * The GNU C Library is now built with -Werror by default. This can be
1638 disabled by configuring with --disable-werror.
1640 * New locales: tu_IN, bh_IN, raj_IN, ce_RU.
1642 * The obsolete sigvec function has been removed. This was the original
1643 4.2BSD interface that inspired the POSIX.1 sigaction interface, which
1644 programs have been using instead for about 25 years. Of course, ABI
1645 compatibility for old binaries using sigvec remains intact.
1647 * Merged gettext 0.19.3 into the intl subdirectory. This fixes building
1648 with newer versions of bison.
1650 * Support for MIPS o32 FPXX, FP64A and FP64 ABI Extensions.
1651 The original MIPS o32 hard-float ABI requires an FPU where double-precision
1652 registers overlay two consecutive single-precision registers. MIPS32R2
1653 introduced a new FPU mode (FR=1) where double-precision registers extend the
1654 corresponding single-precision registers which is incompatible with the
1655 o32 hard-float ABI. The MIPS SIMD ASE and the MIPSR6 architecture both
1656 require the use of FR=1 making a transition necessary. New o32 ABI
1657 extensions enable users to migrate over time from the original o32 ABI
1658 through to the updated o32 FP64 ABI. To achieve this the dynamic linker now
1659 tracks the ABI of any loaded object and verifies that new objects are
1660 compatible. Mode transitions will also be requested as required and
1661 unsupportable objects will be rejected. The ABI checks include both soft and
1662 hard float ABIs for o32, n32 and n64.
1664 GCC 5 with GNU binutils 2.25 onwards:
1665 It is strongly recommended that all o32 system libraries are built using the
1666 new o32 FPXX ABI (-mfpxx) to facilitate the transition as this is compatible
1667 with the original and all new o32 ABI extensions. Configure a MIPS GCC
1668 compiler using --with-fp-32=xx to set this by default.
1672 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
1674 6804, 9894, 11505, 12994, 13347, 13651, 14308, 14770, 15119, 15132, 15347,
1675 15514, 15698, 15804, 15894, 15946, 16002, 16064, 16095, 16194, 16198,
1676 16275, 16284, 16287, 16315, 16348, 16349, 16354, 16357, 16362, 16447,
1677 16516, 16532, 16539, 16545, 16561, 16562, 16564, 16574, 16599, 16600,
1678 16609, 16610, 16611, 16613, 16619, 16623, 16629, 16632, 16634, 16639,
1679 16642, 16648, 16649, 16670, 16674, 16677, 16680, 16681, 16683, 16689,
1680 16695, 16701, 16706, 16707, 16712, 16713, 16714, 16724, 16731, 16739,
1681 16740, 16743, 16754, 16758, 16759, 16760, 16770, 16786, 16789, 16791,
1682 16796, 16799, 16800, 16815, 16823, 16824, 16831, 16838, 16839, 16849,
1683 16854, 16876, 16877, 16878, 16882, 16885, 16888, 16890, 16892, 16912,
1684 16915, 16916, 16917, 16918, 16922, 16927, 16928, 16932, 16943, 16958,
1685 16965, 16966, 16967, 16977, 16978, 16984, 16990, 16996, 17009, 17022,
1686 17031, 17042, 17048, 17050, 17058, 17061, 17062, 17069, 17075, 17078,
1687 17079, 17084, 17086, 17088, 17092, 17097, 17125, 17135, 17137, 17150,
1688 17153, 17187, 17213, 17259, 17261, 17262, 17263, 17319, 17325, 17354.
1690 * Reverted change of ABI data structures for s390 and s390x:
1691 On s390 and s390x the size of struct ucontext and jmp_buf was increased in
1692 2.19. This change is reverted in 2.20. The introduced 2.19 symbol versions
1693 of getcontext, setjmp, _setjmp, __sigsetjmp, longjmp, _longjmp, siglongjmp
1694 are preserved pointing straight to the same implementation as the old ones.
1695 Given that, new callers will simply provide a too-big buffer to these
1696 functions. Any applications/libraries out there that embed jmp_buf or
1697 ucontext_t in an ABI-relevant data structure that have already been rebuilt
1698 against 2.19 headers will have to rebuilt again. This is necessary in any
1699 case to revert the breakage in their ABI caused by the glibc change.
1701 * Support for file description locks is added to systems running the
1702 Linux kernel. The standard file locking interfaces are extended to
1703 operate on file descriptions, not file descriptors, via the use of
1704 F_OFD_GETLK, F_OFD_SETLK, and F_OFD_SETLKW. File description locks
1705 are associated with an open file instead of a process.
1707 * Optimized strchr implementation for AArch64. Contributed by ARM Ltd.
1709 * The minimum Linux kernel version that this version of the GNU C Library
1710 can be used with is 2.6.32.
1712 * Running the testsuite no longer terminates as soon as a test fails.
1713 Instead, a file tests.sum (xtests.sum from "make xcheck") is generated,
1714 with PASS or FAIL lines for individual tests. A summary of the results is
1715 printed, including a list of failing lists, and "make check" exits with
1716 error status if there were any unexpected failures. "make check
1717 stop-on-test-failure=y" may be used to keep the old behavior.
1719 * The am33 port, which had not worked for several years, has been removed
1722 * The _BSD_SOURCE and _SVID_SOURCE feature test macros are no longer
1723 supported; they now act the same as _DEFAULT_SOURCE (but generate a
1724 warning). Except for cases where _BSD_SOURCE enabled BSD interfaces that
1725 conflicted with POSIX (support for which was removed in 2.19), the
1726 interfaces those macros enabled remain available when compiling with
1727 _GNU_SOURCE defined, with _DEFAULT_SOURCE defined, or without any feature
1728 test macros defined.
1730 * Optimized strcmp implementation for ARMv7. Contributed by ARM Ltd.
1732 * Added support for TX lock elision of pthread mutexes on s390 and s390x.
1733 This may improve lock scaling of existing programs on TX capable systems.
1734 The lock elision code is only built with --enable-lock-elision=yes and
1735 then requires a GCC version supporting the TX builtins. With lock elision
1736 default mutexes are elided via __builtin_tbegin, if the cpu supports
1737 transactions. By default lock elision is not enabled and the elision code
1740 * CVE-2014-4043 The posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen implementation did not
1741 copy the path argument. This allowed programs to cause posix_spawn to
1742 deference a dangling pointer, or use an unexpected pathname argument if
1743 the string was modified after the posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen
1746 * All supported architectures now use the main glibc sysdeps directory
1747 instead of some being in a separate "ports" directory (which was
1748 distributed separately before glibc 2.17).
1750 * The NPTL implementation of POSIX pthreads is no longer an "add-on".
1751 On configurations that support it (all Linux configurations), it's now
1752 used regardless of the --enable-add-ons switch to configure. It is no
1753 longer possible to build such configurations without pthreads support.
1755 * Locale names, including those obtained from environment variables (LANG
1756 and the LC_* variables), are more tightly checked for proper syntax.
1757 setlocale will now fail (with EINVAL) for locale names that are overly
1758 long, contain slashes without starting with a slash, or contain ".." path
1759 components. (CVE-2014-0475) Previously, some valid locale names were
1760 silently replaced with the "C" locale when running in AT_SECURE mode
1761 (e.g., in a SUID program). This is no longer necessary because of the
1764 * On x86-64, the dynamic linker's lazy-binding support is now compatible
1765 with application code using Intel MPX instructions. (With all previous
1766 versions, the MPX register state could be clobbered when making calls
1767 into or out of a shared library.) Note that while the new dynamic
1768 linker is compatible with all known x86 hardware whether or not it
1769 supports Intel MPX, some x86 instruction-set emulators might fail to
1770 handle the new instruction encodings. This is known to affect Valgrind
1771 versions up through 3.9 (but will be fixed in the forthcoming 3.10
1772 release), and might affect other tools that do instruction emulation.
1774 * Support for loadable gconv transliteration modules has been removed.
1775 The support for transliteration modules has been non-functional for
1776 over a decade, and the removal is prompted by security defects. The
1777 normal gconv conversion modules are still supported. Transliteration
1778 with //TRANSLIT is still possible, and the //IGNORE specifier
1779 continues to be supported. (CVE-2014-5119)
1781 * Decoding a crafted input sequence in the character sets IBM933, IBM935,
1782 IBM937, IBM939, IBM1364 could result in an out-of-bounds array read,
1783 resulting a denial-of-service security vulnerability in applications which
1784 use functions related to iconv. (CVE-2014-6040)
1788 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
1790 156, 387, 431, 762, 832, 926, 2801, 4772, 6786, 6787, 6807, 6810, 6981,
1791 7003, 9721, 9954, 10253, 10278, 11087, 11157, 11214, 12100, 12486, 12751,
1792 12986, 13028, 13982, 13985, 14029, 14032, 14120, 14143, 14155, 14286,
1793 14547, 14699, 14752, 14782, 14876, 14910, 15004, 15048, 15073, 15089,
1794 15128, 15218, 15268, 15277, 15308, 15362, 15374, 15400, 15425, 15427,
1795 15483, 15522, 15531, 15532, 15593, 15601, 15608, 15609, 15610, 15632,
1796 15640, 15670, 15672, 15680, 15681, 15723, 15734, 15735, 15736, 15748,
1797 15749, 15754, 15760, 15763, 15764, 15797, 15799, 15825, 15843, 15844,
1798 15846, 15847, 15849, 15850, 15855, 15856, 15857, 15859, 15867, 15886,
1799 15887, 15890, 15892, 15893, 15895, 15897, 15901, 15905, 15909, 15915,
1800 15917, 15919, 15921, 15923, 15939, 15941, 15948, 15963, 15966, 15968,
1801 15985, 15988, 15997, 16032, 16034, 16036, 16037, 16038, 16041, 16046,
1802 16055, 16071, 16072, 16074, 16077, 16078, 16103, 16112, 16143, 16144,
1803 16146, 16150, 16151, 16153, 16167, 16169, 16172, 16195, 16214, 16245,
1804 16271, 16274, 16283, 16289, 16293, 16314, 16316, 16330, 16337, 16338,
1805 16356, 16365, 16366, 16369, 16372, 16375, 16379, 16381, 16384, 16385,
1806 16386, 16387, 16390, 16394, 16398, 16400, 16407, 16408, 16414, 16430,
1807 16431, 16453, 16474, 16506, 16510, 16529
1809 * Slovenian translations for glibc messages have been contributed by the
1810 Translation Project's Slovenian team of translators.
1812 * The public headers no longer use __unused nor __block. This change is to
1813 support compiling programs that are derived from BSD sources and use
1814 __unused internally, and to support compiling with Clang's -fblock
1815 extension which uses __block.
1817 * CVE-2012-4412 The strcoll implementation caches indices and rules for
1818 large collation sequences to optimize multiple passes. This cache
1819 computation may overflow for large collation sequences and may cause a
1820 stack or buffer overflow. This is now fixed to use a slower algorithm
1821 which does not use a cache if there is an integer overflow.
1823 * CVE-2012-4424 The strcoll implementation uses malloc to cache indices and
1824 rules for large collation sequences to optimize multiple passes and falls
1825 back to alloca if malloc fails, resulting in a possible stack overflow.
1826 The implementation now falls back to an uncached collation sequence lookup
1829 * CVE-2013-4788 The pointer guard used for pointer mangling was not
1830 initialized for static applications resulting in the security feature
1831 being disabled. The pointer guard is now correctly initialized to a
1832 random value for static applications. Existing static applications need
1833 to be recompiled to take advantage of the fix (bug 15754).
1835 * CVE-2013-4237 The readdir_r function could write more than NAME_MAX bytes
1836 to the d_name member of struct dirent, or omit the terminating NUL
1837 character. (Bugzilla #14699).
1839 * CVE-2013-4332 The pvalloc, valloc, memalign, posix_memalign and
1840 aligned_alloc functions could allocate too few bytes or corrupt the
1841 heap when passed very large allocation size values (Bugzilla #15855,
1844 * CVE-2013-4458 Stack overflow in getaddrinfo with large number of results
1845 for AF_INET6 has been fixed (Bugzilla #16072).
1847 * New locales: ak_GH, anp_IN, ar_SS, cmn_TW, hak_TW, lzh_TW, nan_TW, pap_AW,
1848 pap_CW, quz_PE, the_NP.
1850 * Substantially revised locales: gd_GB, ht_HT
1852 * The LC_ADDRESS field was updated to support country_car for almost all
1855 * ISO 1427 definitions were updated.
1857 * ISO 3166 definitions were updated.
1859 * The localedef utility now supports --big-endian and --little-endian
1860 command-line options to generate locales for a different system from that
1861 for which the C library was built.
1863 * Binary locale files now only depend on the endianness of the system for
1864 which they are generated and not on other properties of that system. As a
1865 consequence, binary files generated with new localedef may be incompatible
1866 with old versions of the GNU C Library, and binary files generated with
1867 old localedef may be incompatible with this version of the GNU C Library,
1868 in the following circumstances:
1870 + Locale files may be incompatible on m68k systems.
1872 + Locale archive files (but not separate files for individual locales) may
1873 be incompatible on systems where plain "char" is signed.
1875 * The configure option --disable-versioning has been removed. Builds with
1876 --disable-versioning had not worked for several years.
1878 * ISO 639 definitions were updated for Chiga (cgg) and Chinese (gan, hak, czh,
1879 cjy, lzh, cmn, mnp, cdo, czo, cpx, wuu, hsn, yue).
1881 * SystemTap probes for malloc have been introduced.
1883 * SystemTap probes for slow multiple precision fallback paths of
1884 transcendental functions have been introduced.
1886 * Support for powerpc64le has been added.
1888 * The soft-float powerpc port now supports e500 processors.
1890 * Support for STT_GNU_IFUNC symbols added for ppc32/power4+ and ppc64.
1892 * A new feature test macro _DEFAULT_SOURCE is available to enable the same
1893 set of header declarations that are enabled by default, even when other
1894 feature test macros or compiler options such as -std=c99 would otherwise
1895 disable some of those declarations.
1897 * The _BSD_SOURCE feature test macro no longer enables BSD interfaces that
1898 conflict with POSIX. The libbsd-compat library (which was a dummy library
1899 that did nothing) has also been removed.
1901 * Preliminary documentation about Multi-Thread, Async-Signal and
1902 Async-Cancel Safety has been added.
1904 * Change of ABI data structures for s390 and s390x:
1905 On s390 and s390x the size of struct ucontext and jmp_buf was increased to
1906 allow for future hardware extensions. All library functions that accept or
1907 return these structures were versioned in order to provide backwards
1908 compatibility with existing code. However, not all cases can be handled
1909 with interface versioning. If an application embeds either structure into
1910 another structure and that structure is passed to another compilation unit
1911 which expects the newer larger-sized object then any access to the new
1912 fields will result in undefined behaviour. Similarly any access to fields
1913 that were moved by the enlarging of the structures will cause undefined
1914 behaviour. To fix the undefined behaviour all objects that are part of the
1915 final in-memory image must agree on the size of structures, and this may
1916 require recompilation.
1920 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
1922 2546, 2560, 5159, 6809, 7006, 10060, 10062, 10283, 10357, 10686, 11120,
1923 11561, 12310, 12387, 12492, 12515, 12723, 13550, 13889, 13951, 13988,
1924 14142, 14176, 14200, 14256, 14280, 14293, 14317, 14327, 14478, 14496,
1925 14582, 14686, 14812, 14888, 14894, 14907, 14908, 14909, 14920, 14941,
1926 14952, 14964, 14981, 14982, 14985, 14991, 14994, 14996, 15000, 15003,
1927 15006, 15007, 15014, 15020, 15022, 15023, 15036, 15054, 15055, 15062,
1928 15078, 15084, 15085, 15086, 15100, 15160, 15214, 15221, 15232, 15234,
1929 15283, 15285, 15287, 15304, 15305, 15307, 15309, 15327, 15330, 15335,
1930 15336, 15337, 15339, 15342, 15346, 15359, 15361, 15366, 15380, 15381,
1931 15394, 15395, 15405, 15406, 15409, 15416, 15418, 15419, 15423, 15424,
1932 15426, 15429, 15431, 15432, 15441, 15442, 15448, 15465, 15480, 15485,
1933 15488, 15490, 15492, 15493, 15497, 15506, 15529, 15536, 15553, 15577,
1934 15583, 15618, 15627, 15631, 15654, 15655, 15666, 15667, 15674, 15711,
1937 * CVE-2013-2207 Incorrectly granting access to another user's pseudo-terminal
1938 has been fixed by disabling the use of pt_chown (Bugzilla #15755).
1939 Distributions can re-enable building and using pt_chown via the new configure
1940 option `--enable-pt_chown'. Enabling the use of pt_chown carries with it
1941 considerable security risks and should only be used if the distribution
1942 understands and accepts the risks.
1944 * CVE-2013-0242 Buffer overrun in regexp matcher has been fixed (Bugzilla
1947 * CVE-2013-1914 Stack overflow in getaddrinfo with many results has been
1948 fixed (Bugzilla #15330).
1950 * Add support for calling C++11 thread_local object destructors on thread
1951 and program exit. This needs compiler support for offloading C++11
1952 destructor calls to glibc.
1954 * Improved worst case performance of libm functions with double inputs and
1957 * Support for priority inherited mutexes in pthread condition variables on
1958 non-x86 architectures.
1960 * Port to Xilinx MicroBlaze contributed by David Holsgrove.
1962 * Optimized string functions for AArch64. Implemented by Marcus Shawcroft.
1964 * Optimized string functions for ARM. Implemented by Will Newton and
1967 * Optimized libm functions for SPARC. Implemented by David S. Miller.
1969 * Support for building more of ARM glibc as Thumb-2 code. Implemented by
1972 * Support for building most of MIPS glibc as MIPS16 code. Implemented by
1973 Chung-Lin Tang, Maciej W. Rozycki and Maxim Kuvyrkov.
1975 * Added a benchmark framework to track performance of functions in glibc.
1977 * New <math.h> macro named issignaling to check for a signaling NaN (sNaN).
1978 It is based on draft TS 18661 and currently enabled as a GNU extension.
1980 * On Linux, the clock function now uses the clock_gettime system call
1981 for improved precision, rather than old times system call.
1983 * Added support for version-3 tz format files. This is needed when using
1984 the tz database release 2013e or later, and affects a few unusual cases --
1985 currently only TZ='America/Godthab' for time stamps after 2037.
1987 * Added new API functions pthread_getattr_default_np and
1988 pthread_setattr_default_np to get and set the default pthread
1989 attributes of a process.
1991 * Added support for TSX lock elision for pthread mutexes on i386 and x86-64.
1992 This may improve lock scaling of existing programs on TSX capable systems.
1993 When the --enable-lock-elision=yes parameter is specified at configure
1994 time lock elision will be enabled by default for all PTHREAD_MUTEX_DEFAULT
1997 * Support added for AT_HWCAP2 (to coincide with Linux kernel 3.10
1998 availability). Implemented by Ryan S. Arnold.
2000 * Support added for POWER8 platform. Implemented by Ryan S. Arnold.
2004 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2006 1349, 3439, 3479, 3665, 5044, 5246, 5298, 5400, 6530, 6677, 6778, 6808,
2007 9685, 9914, 10014, 10038, 10114, 10191, 10631, 10873, 11438, 11607, 11638,
2008 11741, 12140, 13013, 13412, 13542, 13601, 13603, 13604, 13629, 13679,
2009 13696, 13698, 13717, 13741, 13759, 13761, 13763, 13881, 13939, 13950,
2010 13952, 13966, 14042, 14047, 14090, 14150, 14151, 14152, 14154, 14157,
2011 14166, 14173, 14195, 14197, 14237, 14246, 14251, 14252, 14283, 14298,
2012 14303, 14307, 14328, 14331, 14336, 14337, 14347, 14349, 14368, 14376,
2013 14417, 14447, 14459, 14476, 14477, 14501, 14505, 14510, 14516, 14518,
2014 14519, 14530, 14532, 14538, 14543, 14544, 14545, 14557, 14562, 14568,
2015 14576, 14579, 14583, 14587, 14595, 14602, 14610, 14621, 14638, 14645,
2016 14648, 14652, 14660, 14661, 14669, 14672, 14683, 14694, 14716, 14719,
2017 14743, 14767, 14783, 14784, 14785, 14793, 14796, 14797, 14801, 14803,
2018 14805, 14807, 14811, 14815, 14821, 14822, 14824, 14828, 14831, 14833,
2019 14835, 14838, 14856, 14863, 14865, 14866, 14868, 14869, 14871, 14872,
2020 14879, 14889, 14893, 14898, 14914.
2022 * Optimization of memcpy for MIPS.
2024 * CVE-2011-4609 svc_run() produces high cpu usage when accept fails with
2025 EMFILE has been fixed (Bugzilla #14889).
2027 * The add-on ports collection is now distributed in the "ports" subdirectory
2028 of the main GNU C Library distribution, rather than separately.
2030 * Port to ARM AArch64 contributed by Linaro.
2032 * Support for STT_GNU_IFUNC symbols added for s390 and s390x.
2033 Optimized versions of memcpy, memset, and memcmp added for System z10 and
2035 Implemented by Andreas Krebbel.
2037 * The new function secure_getenv allows secure access to the environment,
2038 returning NULL if running in a SUID/SGID process. This function replaces
2039 the internal function __secure_getenv.
2041 * SystemTap static probes have been added into the dynamic linker.
2042 Implemented by Gary Benson.
2044 * Optimizations of string functions strstr, strcasestr and memmem.
2045 Implemented by Maxim Kuvyrkov.
2047 * The minimum Linux kernel version that this version of the GNU C Library
2048 can be used with is 2.6.16.
2050 * Optimizations of string functions memchr, wcschr, wcscpy, and wcsrchr for
2051 powerpc POWER7. Implemented by Will Schmidt.
2053 * New configure option --disable-nscd builds the C library such that it
2054 never attempts to contact the Name Service Caching Daemon (nscd).
2055 New configure option --disable-build-nscd avoids building nscd itself;
2056 this is the default if --disable-nscd is used.
2058 * Improved support for cross-compilation, including cross-testing and
2059 bootstrap builds without a previously built glibc.
2061 * Several testsuite tests are now able to test multiple IFUNC variants of an
2062 interface, rather than just testing the one that would be chooen by
2065 * New configure options --with-bugurl and --with-pkgversion, for
2066 distributors to use to embed their bug-reporting and package version
2067 information in --help and --version output.
2069 * The ttyname and ttyname_r functions on Linux now fall back to searching for
2070 the tty file descriptor in /dev/pts or /dev if /proc is not available. This
2071 allows creation of chroots without the procfs mounted on /proc.
2073 * The `crypt' function now fails if passed salt bytes that violate the
2074 specification for those values. On Linux, the `crypt' function will
2075 consult /proc/sys/crypto/fips_enabled to determine if "FIPS mode" is
2076 enabled, and fail on encrypted strings using the MD5 or DES algorithm
2077 when the mode is enabled.
2079 * The `clock_*' suite of functions (declared in <time.h>) is now available
2080 directly in the main C library. Previously it was necessary to link with
2081 -lrt to use these functions. This change has the effect that a
2082 single-threaded program that uses a function such as `clock_gettime' (and
2083 is not linked with -lrt) will no longer implicitly load the pthreads
2084 library at runtime and so will not suffer the overheads associated with
2085 multi-thread support in other code such as the C++ runtime library.
2087 * New locales: ayc_PE, doi_IN, ia_FR, mni_IN, nhn_MX, niu_NU, niu_NZ,
2092 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2094 174, 208, 350, 369, 411, 706, 766, 2074, 2541, 2547, 2548, 2550, 2551,
2095 2552, 2553, 2554, 2562, 2563, 2565, 2566, 2570, 2576, 2636, 2678, 3335,
2096 3440, 3748, 3768, 3866, 3868, 3906, 3976, 3992, 4026, 4108, 4596, 4822,
2097 5077, 5461, 5805, 5993, 6471, 6486, 6578, 6649, 6730, 6770, 6794, 6884,
2098 6890, 6894, 6895, 6907, 6911, 6959, 7064, 9739, 9902, 10110, 10135, 10140,
2099 10153, 10210, 10254, 10346, 10375, 10545, 10716, 10846, 10882, 11174,
2100 11261, 11322, 11365, 11451, 11494, 11521, 11677, 11837, 11959, 12047,
2101 12097, 12193, 12194, 12297, 12298, 12301, 12340, 12354, 12416, 12495,
2102 13058, 13223, 13361, 13525, 13526, 13527, 13528, 13529, 13530, 13531,
2103 13532, 13533, 13547, 13551, 13552, 13553, 13555, 13556, 13559, 13563,
2104 13566, 13576, 13579, 13583, 13592, 13594, 13613, 13618, 13637, 13656,
2105 13658, 13673, 13691, 13695, 13704, 13705, 13706, 13718, 13726, 13738,
2106 13739, 13743, 13750, 13758, 13760, 13761, 13775, 13786, 13787, 13792,
2107 13806, 13824, 13840, 13841, 13844, 13846, 13848, 13851, 13852, 13854,
2108 13871, 13872, 13873, 13879, 13882, 13883, 13884, 13885, 13886, 13892,
2109 13895, 13908, 13910, 13911, 13912, 13913, 13914, 13915, 13916, 13917,
2110 13918, 13919, 13920, 13921, 13922, 13923, 13924, 13926, 13927, 13928,
2111 13938, 13941, 13942, 13954, 13955, 13956, 13963, 13967, 13968, 13970,
2112 13973, 13979, 13983, 13986, 13996, 14012, 14027, 14033, 14034, 14036,
2113 14040, 14043, 14044, 14048, 14049, 14050, 14053, 14055, 14059, 14064,
2114 14075, 14080, 14083, 14103, 14104, 14109, 14112, 14117, 14122, 14123,
2115 14134, 14153, 14183, 14188, 14199, 14210, 14218, 14229, 14241, 14273,
2118 * Support for the x32 ABI on x86-64 added. The x32 target is selected by
2119 configuring glibc with:
2120 BUILD_CC='gcc' CC='gcc -mx32' CXX='g++ -mx32'
2121 Visit <http://sites.google.com/site/x32abi/> for more x32 ABI info.
2122 Implemented by H.J. Lu.
2126 + define static_assert
2128 + do not declare gets
2130 + declare at_quick_exit and quick_exit also for ISO C11
2132 + aligned_alloc. NB: The code is deliberately allows the size parameter
2133 to not be a multiple of the alignment. This is a moronic requirement
2134 in the standard but it is only a requirement on the caller, not the
2137 + timespec_get added
2139 + uchar.h support added
2141 + CMPLX, CMPLXF, CMPLXL added
2143 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2145 * Support for the IA-64 has been moved to ports.
2147 * Remove support for anything but ELF binary format
2149 * Checking versions of poll, ppoll added.
2150 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2152 * More generic and 64-bit performance optimizations to math functions.
2153 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2155 * New configure option --enable-obsolete-rpc makes the deprecated RPC
2156 headers and functions available at compile time as they were before
2157 version 2.14. This option will be removed at some time in the future
2158 after the TI-RPC library becomes fully sufficient for the needs of
2159 existing applications.
2161 * Compatibility code for Linux kernel versions before 2.4 has been removed.
2162 Note that glibc is not expected to work with any Linux kernel version
2165 * New header <sys/auxv.h> and function getauxval allowing easy access to
2166 the AT_* key-value pairs passed from the Linux kernel. The header also
2167 defines the HWCAP_* bits associated with the AT_HWCAP key.
2169 * New locales: mag_IN
2171 * New configure option --enable-systemtap builds SystemTap static probes
2172 into libc for setjmp and longjmp and into libpthread for various operations.
2173 So far the setjmp/longjmp probes and some of the libpthread probes are
2174 provided only for i*86 and x86_64.
2175 Implemented by Roland McGrath and Rayson Ho.
2177 * Optimized expf for x86-32 and x86-64. Implemented by Liubov Dmitrieva.
2179 * More optimized functions for PowerPC. Implemented by Adhemerval Zanella
2182 * More optimized functions for SPARC. Implemented by David S. Miller.
2184 * Improved support for cross-compilation, especially bootstrap builds
2185 without a previously built glibc.
2187 * Ports for the TILE-Gx and TILEPro families of processors. Contributed by
2188 Chris Metcalf from Tilera.
2190 * Support for the old ARM ABI has been removed from ports. Only the EABI is
2191 now supported for ARM processors.
2193 * The hard-float variant of the ARM EABI now uses /lib/ld-linux-armhf.so.3
2194 as the name of the dynamic linker, to distinguish it from the
2195 /lib/ld-linux.so.3 dynamic linker used for the base EABI.
2197 * Support for CRIS has been removed from ports.
2199 * A new class of installed header has been documented for low-level
2200 platform-specific functionality. PowerPC added the first instance with a
2201 function to provide time base register access. Contributed by Tulio
2202 Magno Quites Machado Filho.
2204 * ix86 configurations now install header files that are consistent with
2205 what x86-64 configurations install. These same header files can be used
2206 for -m32, -m64, or -mx32 builds.
2207 Contributed by H.J. Lu.
2209 * Math library bug fixes. A thorough audit of all open math library bugs was
2210 conducted by Joseph Myers. Significant progress was made on many math
2211 library bugs resulting in more accurate exceptions and function results.
2212 Many thanks to all those that contributed including Andreas Jaeger for his
2213 patch review and work on the x87 trigonometric instruction issues.
2215 * Timezone data is no longer installed. Timezone-related binaries and scripts
2216 will continue to be installed. Users should obtain their timezone data from
2217 their distribution provider or from the tzdata package at
2218 <ftp://munnari.oz.au/pub/>.
2222 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2224 6779, 6783, 9696, 10103, 10709, 11589, 11929, 12403, 12786, 12840, 12847,
2225 12868, 12852, 12874, 12885, 12892, 12906, 12907, 12922, 12935, 12962,
2226 13007, 13021, 13061, 13062, 13067, 13068, 13085, 13088, 13090, 13092,
2227 13096, 13114, 13118, 13123, 13134, 13138, 13147, 13150, 13166, 13179,
2228 13185, 13189, 13192, 13268, 13276, 13282, 13291, 13305, 13328, 13335,
2229 13337, 13344, 13358, 13367, 13413, 13416, 13423, 13439, 13446, 13472,
2230 13484, 13506, 13515, 13523, 13524, 13538, 13540
2232 * New program pldd to list loaded object of a process
2233 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2235 * Add nss_db support back to glibc. No more dependency on Berkeley db
2236 and support for initgroups lookups.
2237 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2239 * Optimized strcpy, strncpy, stpcpy, stpncpy for SSE2 and SSSE3 on x86-32.
2240 Contributed by HJ Lu.
2242 * Improved strcpy, strncpy, stpcpy, stpncpy for SSE2 and SSSE3 on x86-64.
2243 Contributed by HJ Lu.
2245 * Optimized strcat, strncat on x86-64 and optimized wcscmp, wcslen, strnlen
2246 on x86-32 and x86-64.
2247 Contributed by Liubov Dmitrieva.
2249 * Optimized strchr and strrchr for SSE on x86-32.
2250 Contributed by Liubov Dmitrieva.
2252 * Optimized memchr, memrchr, rawmemchr, memcmp, wmemcmp, wcschr, wcscpy
2253 for x86-64 and x86-32.
2254 Contributed by Liubov Dmitrieva.
2256 * New interfaces: scandirat, scandirat64
2257 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2259 * Checking versions of FD_SET, FD_CLR, and FD_ISSET added.
2260 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2262 * nscd now also caches the netgroup database.
2263 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2265 * Integrate libm with gcc's -ffinite-math-only option.
2266 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2268 * Lots of generic, 64-bit, and x86-64-specific performance optimizations
2269 to math functions. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2271 * Optimized strcasecmp and strncasecmp for AVX on x86-64.
2272 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2274 * New Linux interfaces: process_vm_readv, process_vm_writev
2276 * Optimized strcasecmp and strncasecmp for SSSE3 and SSE4.2 on x86-32.
2277 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2279 * Optimized nearbyint and strcasecmp for PPC.
2280 Implemented by Adhemerval Zanella.
2282 * New locales: bho_IN, unm_US, es_CU, ta_LK
2286 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2288 386, 6420, 7101, 9730, 9732, 9809, 10138, 10149, 10157, 11099, 11257,
2289 11258, 11487, 11532, 11558, 11578, 11634, 11653, 11668, 11697, 11724,
2290 11781, 11799, 11820, 11837, 11857, 11884, 11892, 11895, 11901, 11945,
2291 11947, 11952, 11987, 12052, 12083, 12158, 12178, 12200, 12346, 12350,
2292 12393, 12420, 12432, 12445, 12449, 12453, 12454, 12460, 12469, 12489,
2293 12509, 12510, 12511, 12518, 12527, 12541, 12545, 12551, 12582, 12583,
2294 12587, 12597, 12601, 12611, 12625, 12626, 12631, 12650, 12653, 12655,
2295 12660, 12671, 12681, 12684, 12685, 12711, 12713, 12714, 12717, 12723,
2296 12724, 12734, 12738, 12746, 12766, 12775, 12777, 12782, 12788, 12792,
2297 12795, 12811, 12813, 12814, 12841
2299 * The RPC implementation in libc is obsoleted. Old programs keep working
2300 but new programs cannot be linked with the routines in libc anymore.
2301 Programs in need of RPC functionality must be linked against TI-RPC.
2302 The TI-RPC implementation is IPv6 enabled and there are other benefits.
2304 Visible changes of this change include (obviously) the inability to link
2305 programs using RPC functions without referencing the TI-RPC library and the
2306 removal of the RPC headers from the glibc headers.
2307 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2309 * New Linux interfaces: clock_adjtime, name_to_handle_at, open_by_handle_at,
2310 syncfs, setns, sendmmsg
2312 * New locales: os_RU, bem_ZA, en_ZA, ff_SN, sw_KE, sw_TZ, lb_LU, wae_CH,
2313 yue_HK, lij_IT, mhr_RU
2315 * New encodings: CP770, CP771, CP772, CP773, CP774
2317 * New program sotruss to trace calls through PLTs
2318 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2320 * The malloc hook implementation is marked deprecated and will be removed
2321 from the default implementation in the next version. The design never
2322 worked ever since the introduction of threads. Even programs which do
2323 not create threads themselves can use multiple threads created internally.
2327 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2329 3268, 6812, 7066, 10085, 10484, 10563, 10851, 11149, 11155, 11577, 11611,
2330 11640, 11655, 11701, 11840, 11856, 11883, 11903, 11904, 11968, 11979,
2331 12005, 12037, 12067, 12077, 12078, 12092, 12093, 12107, 12108, 12113,
2332 12140, 12159, 12167, 12191, 12194, 12201, 12204, 12205, 12207, 12348,
2335 * New Linux interfaces: prlimit, prlimit64, fanotify_init, fanotify_mark
2337 * POWER7 optimizations: memset, memcmp, strncmp
2339 * New optimized string functions for x86-64: strnlen (SSE2),
2340 strcasecmp (SSE2, SSSE3, SSE4.2), strncasecmp (SSE2, SSSE3, SSE4.2)
2341 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2345 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2347 3662, 4457, 5553, 10162, 10401, 10414, 10554, 10824, 10864, 10915,
2348 10918, 10936, 10939, 10958, 10968, 10969, 10972, 10992, 11000, 11001,
2349 11007, 11010, 11027, 11039, 11040, 11041, 11043, 11046, 11056, 11070,
2350 11093, 11115, 11125, 11126, 11127, 11134, 11141, 11149, 11183, 11184,
2351 11185, 11186, 11187, 11188, 11189, 11190, 11191, 11192, 11193, 11194,
2352 11200, 11230, 11235, 11242, 11254, 11258, 11271, 11272, 11276, 11279,
2353 11287, 11292, 11319, 11332, 11333, 11387, 11389, 11390, 11394, 11397,
2354 11410, 11438, 11449, 11470, 11471, 11520, 11537, 11538, 11571
2356 * New interfaces: pthread_getname_np, pthread_setname_np
2358 * New Linux interface: recvmmsg
2360 * STT_GNU_IFUNC implemented for Sparc by David Miller.
2362 * The dynamic linker now recognizes supported ABI versions from the
2363 EI_ABIVERSION field in the ELF header.
2364 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2366 * New NIS mode selector ADJUNCT_AS_SHADOW. The passwd.adjunct.byname table
2367 will not be used to fill in password fields in the passwd.byname replies.
2368 Instead it is used to synthesize the shadow.byname table, should it be
2369 missing. This is a useful mode in some installations involving Solaris.
2370 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2372 * New locales: kok_IN, sq_MK, cv_RU
2376 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2378 3270, 7094, 9924, 9986, 10011, 10085, 10107, 10159, 10162, 10166, 10183,
2379 10195, 10196, 10200, 10203, 10207, 10211, 10213, 10217, 10221, 10229,
2380 10262, 10286, 10312, 10315, 10319, 10349, 10360, 10391, 10402, 10416,
2381 10418, 10422, 10425, 10446, 10448, 10452, 10540, 10553, 10560, 10564,
2382 10609, 10643, 10692, 10713, 10717, 10730, 10731, 10742, 10780, 10784,
2383 10789, 10817, 10823, 10840, 10847
2385 * New interfaces: execvpe, pthread_sigqueue, mkstemps, mkstemps64, mkostemps,
2387 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2389 * Checking version of longjmp added that fails if an uninitialized stack
2390 frame would be created. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2392 * STT_GNU_IFUNC is now supported in static executables.
2393 Implemented by H.J. Lu.
2395 * STT_GNU_IFUNC implemented for PPC by Alan Modra.
2397 * New optimized string functions for x86-64: strstr, strcasestr, memcmp,
2398 strcspn, strpbrk, strspn, strcpy, stpcpy, strncpy, strcmp (SSE2, SSE4.2),
2399 strncmp (SSE2, SSE4.2), strchr (SSE4.2), strrchr (SSE4.2).
2400 Contributed by H.J. Lu.
2402 strlen, rawmemchr, strcmp (SSSE3), strncmp (SSSE3).
2403 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2405 * New optimized string functions for x86: strlen, strcspn, strspn, strpbrk,
2407 Contributed by H.J. Lu.
2409 * Support for fma instruction in AVX on x86-64.
2410 Implemented by H.J. Lu and Ulrich Drepper.
2412 * AVX support in x86-64 auditing support in ld.so.
2413 Implemented by H.J. Lu.
2415 * STB_GNU_UNIQUE support added.
2416 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2418 * Implement second fallback mode for optimized DNS lookup for even more
2419 broken environments. If two requests from the same port are not
2420 handled correctly close the socket and open a new one before sending
2421 the second request. The 'single-request-reopen' option in /etc/resolv.conf
2422 can be used to select this mode right away, instead of rediscovering the
2423 necessity is every process again.
2424 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2426 * New resolver flag RES_USE_DNSSEC to enable use of verified lookup.
2427 Implemented by Adam Tkac.
2429 * Optimized iconv conversions for S390x.
2430 Implemented by Andreas Krebbel.
2432 * Using condvars with PI mutexes is now more efficient due to kernel
2433 support for requeueing to PI futexes. NPTL support added for x86-64.
2434 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2436 * New locales: ps_AF, my_MM
2440 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2442 697, 5381, 5807, 6411, 6545, 7040, 7058, 7067, 7080, 7083, 7095, 7098,
2443 9677, 9694, 9697, 9701, 9704, 9705, 9706, 9720, 9726, 9730, 9733, 9736,
2444 9741, 9750, 9753, 9759, 9781, 9791, 9793, 9823, 9833, 9844, 9880, 9881,
2445 9891, 9893, 9895, 9913, 9916, 9920, 9948, 9955, 9957, 9963, 9985, 10052,
2446 10069, 10086, 10087, 10090, 10092, 10093, 10100, 10118, 10128
2448 * New interfaces: preadv, preadv64, pwritev, pwritev64, malloc_info
2449 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2451 * New Linux interfaces: accept4, fallocate, fallocate64.
2452 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2454 * Correct declarations of string function when used in C++ code. This
2455 could lead to compile errors for invalid C++ code.
2457 * XPG7/POSIX 2008 compilation environment. Many GNU-specific functions are
2460 * New POSIX 2008 interface: psiginfo
2461 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2463 * New ISO C++1x interfaces: quick_exit, at_quick_exit
2464 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2466 * Support for selecting between multiple function definitions at runtime
2467 using STT_GNU_IFUNC symbols. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2469 * The libcrypt library can now use the hash function implementations in
2470 NSS. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2472 * The malloc implementation can be compiled to be less memory efficient
2473 but higher performing in multi-threaded programs.
2474 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2476 * New locales: nan_TW@latin, ks_IN
2478 * Faster strlen, strchr, strchrnul, strrchr, memchr, and rawmemchr for x86-64.
2479 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2481 * Extended printf hook support. It is possible to use user-defined types
2482 and extend existing format specifiers.
2483 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2485 * Handling for group shadow files has been added.
2486 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2488 * DNS IPv4-IPv6 parallel lookup now deals better with broken DNS
2489 servers (the case, e.g., for some people using the built-in DNS
2490 server in ADSL modems/routers). There is a once-per-process timeout
2491 in case of a broken server. To avoid it, users can run nscd or put
2492 'options single-request' in /etc/resolv.conf.
2493 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2497 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2499 3406, 5209, 5210, 5381, 5794, 5814, 5911, 6428, 6438, 6442, 6447, 6461,
2500 6472, 6505, 6544, 6589, 6612, 6634, 6653, 6654, 6657, 6698, 6712, 6713,
2501 6719, 6723, 6724, 6740, 6763, 6771, 6790, 6791, 6817, 6824, 6839, 6843,
2502 6845, 6856, 6857, 6860, 6867, 6875, 6919, 6920, 6942, 6947, 6955, 6966,
2503 6968, 6974, 6980, 6995, 7008, 7009, 7029
2505 * Unified lookup for getaddrinfo: IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are now looked
2506 up at the same time. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2508 * TLS descriptors for LD and GD on x86 and x86-64.
2509 Implemented by Alexandre Oliva.
2511 * getaddrinfo now handles DCCP and UDPlite.
2512 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2514 * New fixed-size conversion macros: htobe16, htole16, be16toh, le16toh,
2515 htobe32, htole32, be32toh, le32toh, htobe64, htole64, be64toh, le64toh.
2516 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2518 * New implementation of memmem, strstr, and strcasestr which is O(n).
2519 Implemented by Eric Blake.
2521 * New Linux interfaces: inotify_init1, dup3, epoll_create1, pipe2
2523 * Implement "e" option for popen to open file descriptor with the
2524 close-on-exec flag set. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2526 * Implement "b" mode for fmemopen. In this mode writes writes don't
2527 implicitly add a NUL byte and seeks from the end of the buffer really
2528 use the buffer end, not the string length as the basis.
2529 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2531 * Many functions, exported and internal, now atomically set the close-on-exec
2532 flag when run on a sufficiently new kernel. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2534 * Sorting rules for some Indian languages (Kannada, Gurumukhi, Telugu,
2536 Implemented by Pravin Satpute.
2538 * New locales: sd_IN, sd_IN@devanagari, ks_IN@devanagari, ht_HT, en_AG, nl_AW.
2542 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2544 2549, 3112, 4314, 4407, 4997, 5012, 5040, 5112, 5204, 5208, 5209, 5220,
2545 5222, 5224, 5225, 5237, 5238, 5240, 5245, 5277, 5346, 5375, 5378, 5382,
2546 5424, 5427, 5428, 5435, 5436, 5439, 5441, 5442, 5443, 5451, 5452, 5454,
2547 5455, 5463, 5464, 5465, 5475, 5477, 5478, 5520, 5541, 5545, 5553, 5600,
2548 5602, 5607, 5614, 5627, 5628, 5736, 5737, 5741, 5753, 5760, 5762, 5768,
2549 5774, 5777, 5778, 5779, 5786, 5790, 5818, 5854, 5857, 5903, 5939, 5979,
2550 5983, 5995, 5998, 6004, 6007, 6020, 6021, 6024, 6040, 6042
2552 * New locales: bo_CN, bo_IN, shs_CA.
2554 * New encoding: HP-ROMAN9, HP-GREEK8, HP-THAI8, HP-TURKISH8.
2556 * Sorting rules for some Indian languages (Devanagari and Gujarati).
2557 Implemented by Pravin Satpute.
2559 * IPV6 addresses in /etc/resolv.conf can now have a scope ID
2561 * nscd caches now all timeouts for DNS entries
2562 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2564 * nscd is more efficient and wakes up less often.
2565 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2567 * More checking functions: asprintf, dprintf, obstack_printf, vasprintf,
2568 vdprintf, and obstack_vprintf.
2569 Implemented by Jakub Jelinek.
2571 * Faster memset for x86-64.
2572 Implemented by Harsha Jagasia and H.J. Lu.
2574 * Faster memcpy on x86.
2575 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2577 * ARG_MAX is not anymore constant on Linux. Use sysconf(_SC_ARG_MAX).
2578 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2580 * Faster sqrt and sqrtf implemention for some PPC variants.
2581 Implemented by Steven Munroe.
2585 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2587 4125, 4126, 4178, 4359, 4407, 4512, 4514, 4525, 4554, 4556, 4557, 4566,
2588 4582, 4586, 4588, 4599, 4610, 4647, 4702, 4705, 4726, 4745, 4772, 4773,
2589 4775, 4776, 4792, 4813, 4814, 4816, 4833, 4858, 4860, 4896, 4905, 4925,
2590 4936, 4937, 4938, 4941, 4946, 4963, 4972, 5010, 5028, 5043, 5058, 5063,
2591 5071, 5103, 5104, 5112, 5113, 5184, 5186
2593 * More checking functions: fread, fread_unlocked, open*, mq_open.
2594 Implemented by Jakub Jelinek and Ulrich Drepper.
2596 * Extend fortification to C++. Implemented by Jakub Jelinek.
2598 * Implement 'm' modifier for scanf. Add stricter C99/SUS compliance
2599 by not recognizing 'a' as a modifier when those specs are requested.
2600 Implemented by Jakub Jelinek.
2602 * PPC optimizations to math and string functions.
2603 Implemented by Steven Munroe.
2605 * New interfaces: mkostemp, mkostemp64. Like mkstemp* but allow additional
2606 options to be passed. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2608 * More CPU set manipulation functions. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2610 * New Linux interfaces: signalfd, eventfd, eventfd_read, and eventfd_write.
2611 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2613 * Handle private futexes in the NPTL implementation.
2614 Implemented by Jakub Jelinek and Ulrich Drepper.
2616 * Add support for O_CLOEXEC. Implement in Hurd. Use throughout libc.
2617 Implemented by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
2619 * Linux/x86-64 vDSO support. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2621 * SHA-256 and SHA-512 based password encryption.
2622 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2624 * New locales: ber_DZ, ber_MA, en_NG, fil_PH, fur_IT, fy_DE, ha_NG, ig_NG,
2625 ik_CA, iu_CA, li_BE, li_NL, nds_DE, nds_NL, pap_AN, sc_IT, tk_TM, ug_CN,
2628 + New iconv modules: MAC-CENTRALEUROPE, ISO-8859-9E, KOI8-RU.
2629 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2633 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2635 3156, 3213, 3285, 3291, 3306, 3313, 3320, 3322, 3325, 3326, 3334, 3348,
2636 3352, 3363, 3369, 3426, 3427, 3429, 3451, 3458, 3465, 3480, 3483, 3493,
2637 3514, 3515, 3559, 3632, 3664, 3673, 3674, 3745, 3747, 3818, 3840, 3842,
2638 3851, 3855, 3884, 3885, 3902, 3905, 3919, 3944, 3954, 3955, 3957, 3991,
2639 3995, 3996, 4024, 4040, 4069, 4070, 4074, 4076, 4096, 4101, 4102, 4114,
2640 4130, 4131, 4181, 4276, 4306, 4342, 4344, 4349, 4364, 4368, 4381, 4392,
2641 4403, 4405, 4406, 4411, 4438, 4439, 4455, 4456, 4465, 4512, 4514, 4586,
2644 * New Linux interfaces: epoll_pwait, sched_getcpu.
2646 * New generic interfaces: strerror_l.
2648 * nscd can now cache the services database. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2652 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2654 39, 68, 192, 352, 388, 531, 935, 1006, 1201, 1203, 1386, 1782, 1783, 1784,
2655 1785, 1786, 1787, 1951, 1974, 1996, 2072, 2098, 2125, 2134, 2158, 2182,
2656 2349, 2376, 2386, 2389, 2415, 2418, 2420, 2423, 2450, 2451, 2466, 2472,
2657 2473, 2477, 2498, 2499, 2501, 2502, 2505, 2507, 2508, 2509, 2517, 2526,
2658 2569, 2571, 2592, 2611, 2625, 2632, 2644, 2662, 2680, 2683, 2684, 2693,
2659 2695, 2703, 2734, 2751, 2764, 2766, 2775, 2792, 2821, 2823, 2832, 2841,
2660 2843, 2883, 2892, 2908, 2914, 2926, 2961, 2978, 2980, 2987, 2997, 2998,
2661 3013, 3018, 3034, 3040, 3044, 3123, 3124, 3137, 3138, 3143, 3155, 3189,
2662 3225, 3251, 3252, 3253, 3273
2664 * For Linux, the sorting of addresses returned by getaddrinfo now also
2665 handles rules 3, 4, and 7 from RFC 3484. I.e., all rules are handled.
2666 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2668 * Allow system admin to configure getaddrinfo with the /etc/gai.conf file.
2669 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2671 * New Linux interfaces: splice, tee, sync_file_range, vmsplice.
2673 * New iconv module for MIK. Contributed by Alexander Shopov.
2675 * For sites with broken group and/or passwd database, the auto-propagate
2676 option of nscd can prevent creating ID lookup entries from the results
2677 of a name lookup and vice versa. This usually is no problem but some
2678 site might have problems with the default behavior.
2679 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2681 * Iterating over entire database in NIS can be slow. With the
2682 SETENT_BATCH_READ option in /etc/default/nss a system admin can decide
2683 to trade time for memory. The entire database will be read at once.
2684 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2686 * The interfaces introduced in RFC 3542 have been implemented by
2689 * Support for the new ELF hash table format was added by Ulrich Drepper.
2691 * Support for priority inheritance mutexes added by Jakub Jelinek and
2694 * Support for priority protected mutexes added by Jakub Jelinek.
2696 * New locales: nr_ZA, pa_PK, ca_AD, ca_FR, ca_IT, el_CY, tr_CY, as_IN,
2697 or_IN, csb_PL, fy_NL, sr_ME.
2701 * More overflow detection functions.
2703 * New iconv converters for IBM1025, IBM1122, IBM1137, IBM1153,
2704 IBM1154, IBM1155, IBM1156, IBM1157, and IBM1158 contributed by Jiro Sekiba.
2706 More converters for IBM803, IBM901, IBM902, IBM921, IBM1008, IBM1097,
2707 IBM1112, IBM1123, IBM1130, IBM1140, IBM1141, IBM1142, IBM1143, IBM1144,
2708 IBM1145, IBM1146, IBM1147, IBM1148, IBM1149, IBM1166, IBM1167, IBM4517,
2709 IBM4899, IBM4909, IBM4971, IBM5347, IBM9030, IBM9066, IBM9448, IBM12712,
2710 IBM16804, IBM1364, IBM1371, IBM1388, IBM1390, and IBM1399 contributed
2711 by Masahide Washizawa.
2713 * It is now possible to install audit libraries for the dynamic linker using
2714 LD_AUDIT. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2716 * The LinuxThreads add-on, providing pthreads on Linux 2.4 kernels, is no
2717 longer supported. The new NPTL implementation requires Linux 2.6 kernels.
2718 For a libc and libpthread that works well on Linux 2.4 kernels, we
2719 recommend using the stable 2.3 branch.
2721 * The new function open_wmemstream acts like open_memstream,
2722 but uses a wchar_t wide character buffer.
2724 * The new function ppoll is an improved version of poll, similar to pselect.
2726 * New interfaces: fdopendir, openat, fstatat, fchmodat, fchownat,
2727 futimesat, faccessat, mkdirat, mkfifoat, mknodat,
2728 renameat, unlinkat, linkat, symlinkat, readlinkat.
2730 * New Linux kernel system calls: unshare,
2731 inotify_init, inotify_add_watch, inotify_rm_watch.
2733 * The euidaccess function is now also known by the alias eaccess,
2734 for compatibility with some other systems.
2736 * Timezone data updated to 2006b version.
2740 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2742 38, 253, 549, 622, 653, 721, 758, 851, 877, 915, 934, 955, 961,
2743 1016, 1037, 1076, 1079, 1080, 1081, 1082, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1086,
2744 1087, 1088, 1090, 1091, 1092, 1093, 1094, 1095, 1096, 1097, 1098,
2745 1099, 1100, 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, 1105, 1106, 1107, 1108, 1109,
2746 1110, 1111, 1112, 1113, 1125, 1137, 1138, 1249, 1250, 1251, 1252,
2747 1253, 1254, 1350, 1358, 1394, 1438, 1498, 1534
2749 Visit <http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/> for the details of each bug.
2751 * As of this release, GCC 4 can be used to compile the C Library.
2753 * Timezone data updated to 2005m version.
2757 * The following bugs are resolved with this release:
2759 284, 592, 602, 626, 633, 640, 650, 661, 671, 681, 693, 700, 710, 719,
2760 722, 723, 725, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 736,
2761 737, 738, 739, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 765, 767, 768, 769, 776,
2762 777, 787, 821, 822, 823, 825
2764 Visit <http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/> for the details of each bug.
2768 * Support for RFC 3678. Real implementations exist only for Linux so far.
2769 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2771 * nscd can now cache entries persistently. Expiring entries are reloaded.
2772 For speedups the cache can be shared in memory with client processes.
2773 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2775 * nscd can now perform SELinux checks.
2776 Implemented by Matthew Rickard <mjricka@epoch.ncsc.mil>.
2778 * getaddrinfo queries are now cached. Canonical name lookup is performed
2780 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2782 * The nothrow function attribute is used when headers are used by gcc when
2783 compiling C code. This can avoid significant amounts of exception
2786 * The malloc functions perform more error checking and are stricter when
2787 it comes to reacting on errors. The default action is to terminate
2788 the process after showing an error message. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2790 * Reverse lookups of IPv6 addresses does not use bit string or .ip6.int
2791 lookups anymore unless explicitly requested. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2793 * Namespaces in ld.so are implemented. DSOs can be loaded in separate
2794 namespaces using the new function dlmopen(). This feature is of course,
2795 like most other dynamic loading functionality, not available in statically
2796 linked applications. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2798 * Low-overhead boundary checking variants of string and some stdio functions
2799 were added. These are to be used in conjunction with a gcc patch by
2800 Jakub Jelinek which adds calls to these functions if possible.
2801 Implemented by Jakub Jelinek and Ulrich Drepper.
2803 * Old code for several operating systems and machine architectures that
2804 have not been in working condition in a long time have been removed from
2805 the main source tree maintained by the GNU C Library's maintainers.
2806 These files are now reside in the separate `ports' source module
2807 that is usable as an add-on when building the library.
2811 * New functions `dladdr1' and `dlinfo' in <dlfcn.h> provide more ways to
2812 interrogate the dynamic linker, compatible with the Solaris interface.
2814 * ELF thread-local storage support (TLS) now works on PowerPC and PowerPC64;
2815 implemented by Paul Mackerras, Steven Munroe, and Roland McGrath.
2817 * getifaddrs now uses the netlink interface on Linux to get its information.
2818 Implemented by Thorsten Kukuk.
2820 * getaddrinfo now implements AI_V4MAPPED, AI_ALL, and AI_ADDRCONF.
2821 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2823 * support for non-executable stacks on x86 has been added. Changes mostly
2826 * regex is now much faster for multibyte locales. Changes by Jakub Jelinek
2829 * getaddrinfo now performs destination address selection according to
2834 * Thread-safe interfaces for many functions that access locale data
2835 were added in version 2.3, but these features were omitted from NEWS.
2836 Many functions have variants with an `_l' suffix that take a `locale_t'
2837 object as a parameter rather than consulting the current locale.
2838 The new functions `newlocale', `duplocale', and `freelocale' in <locale.h>
2839 create and maintain `locale_t' objects. Additionally, the new function
2840 `uselocale' sets "the current locale" (as used by functions not so
2841 parameterized) set for an individual thread. These features were added
2842 in version 2.3, implemented by Ulrich Drepper and Roland McGrath.
2844 * The functions getresuid, getresgid, setresuid, and setresgid, which
2845 have long been available on Linux, are now declared in <unistd.h>
2846 and are now also available on the Hurd.
2848 * ELF thread-local storage support (TLS) now works on x86-64.
2850 * The new dynamic string token $LIB is expanded in shared library names.
2851 This normally expands to lib, but on some 64-bit platforms to lib64 instead.
2853 * Aldy Hernandez contributed complete software floating point support for
2854 PowerPC machines with no FPU.
2856 * fexecve is implemented on Linux.
2858 * The `btowc' function should work at least twice as fast due to
2859 specialized callbacks in the iconv modules. Implemented by Bruno Haible.
2861 * With approriate thread add-ons cancelable functions are now implemented
2862 in libc.so as well. No need to call the function in libpthread. This
2863 change allowed to finally disable the incorrect and expensive handling
2864 of weak definition in ld.so.
2866 * Yet more PLT entries in libc.so have been removed. We finally arrived
2867 at the bare minimum. Startup times improved appropriately.
2869 * Support for the new Linux/x86 system call interface was added. The
2870 AT_SYSINFO auxiliary vector entry is recognized and handled.
2874 * Masahide Washizawa contributed iconv modules for IBM1163 and IBM1164
2877 * iconv (the program and the interface) now accepts empty names (excluding
2878 options like //TRANSLIT) to mean "use charset of current locale".
2880 * localedef can now transliterate characters in strings which are not in
2881 the provided charmap. The information from the input locale is used.
2883 * Prelinking support was added for ELF targets. This requires additional
2884 tools and recent versions of the GNU binutils. Contributed by Jakub Jelinek.
2886 * Read-only stdio streams now use mmap to speed up operation by eliminating
2887 copying and buffer underflows. To use add 'm' to the mode string of
2888 the fopen/fdopen/freopen call. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2890 * The malloc functions were completely rewritten by Wolfram Gloger based
2891 on Doug Lea's malloc-2.7.0.c.
2893 * Isamu Hasegawa contributed a completely new and POSIX-conformant
2894 implementation of regex.
2896 * Bruno Haible upgraded the iconv and locale implementation to support
2899 * Contents of the LC_* and LANG environment variables in the CEN style are
2900 not recognized anymore. It never was used. Change by Ulrich Drepper.
2902 * The runtime (ld.so, libc, libpthread for Linux) now can handle the ELF
2903 thread-local storage (TLS) ABI on some platforms.
2904 Changes by Ulrich Drepper. SH support by Kaz Kojima.
2906 * Bruno Haible contributed iconv converters for ISO-2022-JP-3, SHIFT JIS-X0213,
2907 EUC-JISX0213, and TSCII.
2909 * New header <ifaddrs.h> with functions `getifaddrs' and `freeifaddrs':
2910 BSD-compatible interface for getting all network interface addresses.
2911 Implementation for IPv4 by Roland McGrath.
2913 * Loading of locale data is faster due to the introduction of a locale
2914 archive. Implemented by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
2916 * Startup times are significantly reduced by not using exported functions
2917 inside the library itself. Changes by Jakub Jelinek, Roland McGrath,
2920 * Steven Munroe contributed a port to PowerPC64/Linux.
2924 * The Hurd now uses the GNU libio implementation of stdio rather than the
2925 old GNU stdio implementation, and uses a new ABI (libc.so.0.3).
2927 * The Hurd on x86 now has the `ioperm' function and <sys/io.h> header file
2928 with the same behavior as the Linux system call of the same name.
2932 * Stephen Moshier implemented log2, log10, powl and cbrtl for the
2933 128-bit long double format.
2935 * Masahide Washizawa contributed iconv modules for IBM1132, IBM1133, IBM1160,
2936 IBM1161, and IBM1162 charsets.
2938 * Andreas Jaeger contributed a port to x86-64/Linux.
2940 * Peter Bruin contributed a port to PowerPC/Hurd.
2942 * libc functions using I/O streams now can handle wide-oriented streams
2945 * optimizations in the dynamic linker. Binaries created by recent binutils
2946 versions start up quicker due to reduced time spent on relocations.
2948 * Support for use of gcc3 added by Jakub Jelinek and HJ Lu.
2952 * Stephen Moshier implemented cosh, expm1, log1p, acos, sinh, tanh,
2953 asinh, atanh, j0 for the 128-bit long double format.
2955 * Bruno Haible updated all the code handling Unicode in some form to
2956 support Unicode 3.1.
2958 * Speed of regex for single-byte locales is back to previous levels.
2959 Patch by Isamu Hasegawa.
2961 * Alpha, SPARC, and IA-64 now also using floating stacks.
2963 * Startup time of internationalized applications greatly improved through
2964 iconv cache. Use iconvconfig to generate the cache file.
2965 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
2967 * The IA-64 specific part of ld.so was rewritten to eliminate some pretty
2968 severe performance problems. Patch by David Mosberger.
2970 * The Hurd port got a lot more functionality like AIO, various stdio
2971 extensions, etc. Mainly done by Roland McGrath.
2973 * mtrace can now lookup symbols in shared libraries.
2977 * Intel's IA-64 math library is largely integrated. It provides fast and
2978 accurate implementatations for most basic and standard math functions
2979 in float, double, and long double format.
2981 * Stephen Moshier implemented j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn, lgamma, erf, erfc,
2982 and asin for the 96-bit long double format and asin, log, tan for the
2983 128-bit long double format.
2985 * The beginning of a last-bit accurate math library by IBM Haifa were added.
2986 The basic double functions exist today. Contributed by Abraham Ziv
2987 <ziv@il.ibm.com>, Moshe Olshansky <olshansk@il.ibm.com>, Ealan Henis
2988 <ealan@il.ibm.com>, and Anna Reitman <reitman@il.ibm.com>.
2990 * An asynchronous name lookup library was added. The interface is designed
2991 after POSIX AIO. The proposal was circulated beforehand to get comments.
2992 No negative ones came in. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
2994 * Port to S390/64bit contributed by Martin Schwidefsky
2995 <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>.
2997 * David Mosberger <davidm@hpl.hp.com> implemented the setcontext family
2998 of functions for Linux/IA-64.
3000 * The RPC code is now thread safe. Threads can now use the same service
3001 of different services at the same time. Patch by Eric Norum
3002 <eric.norum@usask.ca> with some help by Ulrich Drepper.
3004 * Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> implemented the setcontext
3005 family of functions for Linux/S390.
3007 * Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com> implemented the setcontext family
3008 of functions for Linux/x86.
3010 * Port to Linux/CRIS contributed by Axis Communications.
3014 * Lots of headers were cleaned up. Using the tool in the conform/ subdir
3015 we can now check for namespace violations and missing declarations. The
3016 result is that almost all headers are now Unix-compliant (as defined in
3017 the upcoming XPG6). The negative side is that some programs might need
3018 corrections, too, if they depend on the incorrect form of the headers in
3019 previous versions which defined too many symbols and included too many
3022 * regex now handles multibyte character sets correctly.
3023 Contributed by Isamu Hasegawa <isamu@yamato.ibm.com>.
3025 * iconv (the program) does now conform to the upcoming XPG6 and handles
3026 charmaps. Instead of the charset names the path of charmaps can be
3027 provided and the conversion happens based on this data.
3028 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
3030 * The locale program now provides detailed information about the installed
3035 only lists the names of the supported locales
3039 provides details such as country, language, and codeset name.
3040 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
3044 * The gencat program now parses the input file according to the charset
3045 selected by the LC_CTYPE category. This is important for stateful
3046 character sets. To make generating catalogs easier there is a way
3047 to overwrite the charset selected by the locale: before the first
3048 message or $ quote line the catalog can contain a line like
3050 $ codeset=ISO-8859-2
3052 to select the charset (ISO-8859-2 in this case).
3054 Implemented by Shinya Hanataka and Ulrich Drepper.
3056 * New codeset conversion modules: IBM-922 (Estonia PC codeset),
3057 IBM-1124 (Ukraine PC codeset), IBM-1129 (Vietnamese PC codeset).
3058 Contributed by Masahide Washizawa <washi@jp.ibm.com>.
3060 * Optimized string functions for Alpha ev6 and ev67 by Richard Henderson
3061 <rth@redhat.com> and Rick Gorton <rick.gorton@alpha-processor.com>.
3063 * The LANGUAGE environment variable is now ignored unless the locale is
3064 changed from the default "C" locale.
3066 * The usual bug fixes.
3070 * Greg McGary added runtime support for bounds checking using gcc's
3071 new -fbounded-pointers option. ix86 target is complete. PowerPC
3074 * Thorsten Kukuk added secure mode support to nscd.
3076 * The Berkeley db libraries have been removed.
3078 Related, the nss_db module is now in a separate package since it
3079 obviously requires a database library being available.
3081 * Wide character I/O streams implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
3083 * Functions from the extended socket API added by Ulrich Drepper.
3085 * Functions feenableexcept and fedisableexcept to control the
3086 behaviour of individual exceptions have been added by Andreas Jaeger.
3088 * ldconfig program added by Andreas Jaeger and Jakub Jelinek.
3090 * The resolver code has been updated from bind 8.2.3-T5B which supports
3091 threads. The integration was done by Andreas Jaeger, Adam D. Bradley,
3094 This change could in some situations effect backward compatibility. Since
3095 now `_res' is a thread-local instead of a global variable, modifying it
3096 in one thread does not have any effect in other threads.
3098 The resolver library was also extended to allow IPv6 as the transport
3099 protocol for the requests. This work was done by Stig Venaas.
3101 * Compatibility code for K&R C compilers has been removed from the
3102 header files. A ISO C compiler is needed to use the library
3103 (conforming to either C89 or C99 standard).
3105 * Complete rewrite of the localedef program to support multibyte character
3106 sets. Implement handling of ISO 14651 and ISO 14652. Rewrite strcoll,
3107 strxfrm, wcscoll, and wcsxfrm functions. Make isw*() functions work.
3108 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
3110 Bruno Haible significantly improved the generation and use of the data
3111 structures for the wide character tables.
3113 * Plural handling in gettext implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
3115 * The utmp daemon has been removed.
3117 * The port to MIPS-Linux has been finished by Andreas Jaeger.
3119 * A port to Hitachi SH3 and SH4 has been contributed by Kazumoto Kojima
3122 * POSIX clocks and timers implemented by Kaz Kylheku and Ulrich Drepper.
3124 * POSIX barriers implemented by Kaz Kylheku.
3126 * POSIX spawn function family implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
3128 * POSIX spinlocks are now available.
3130 * Timed wait functions for mutex, rwlock, and semaphores are implemented.
3132 * the configure option --enable-kernel=X.Y.Z allows to strip out
3133 compatibility for kernel versions before X.Y.Z. This is currently only
3134 implemented for Linux.
3136 * the sockaddr_in6 structure changed. The IPv6 working group added a new
3137 field sin6_scope_id. This means that all programs using IPv6 should be
3138 recompiled. Don't expect binary compatibility with previous glibc
3141 * various conversion modules for IBM character sets contributed by
3144 * IA-64 port by Jes Sorensen and HJ Lu.
3158 * New ISO C 9x function _Exit, imaxabs, and imaxdiv are added.
3160 * New xdr functions are added; some rpc functions are now 64bit clean.
3162 * Fixed a number of bugs and memory leaks (especially in NIS+ code).
3164 * Fixed known incompatibilities with glibc 2.0.
3166 * New functions lock64, strchrnul, rawmemchr, getutmp and getutmpx.
3168 * Optimized a number of functions (especially the ELF dynamic loader).
3170 * Update timezone data files.
3172 * lots of charmaps corrections
3174 * some new locale definitions and charmaps
3179 * Richard Henderson corrected size of struct timeval on Linux/Alpha to
3180 conform to POSIX member type requirements. Symbol versions have been
3181 adjusted as needed within the library, and for direct use by applications,
3182 but there is potential for problems if third-party libraries use
3183 struct timeval as part of their interface. This does not present
3184 a problem for X and other "essential" system libraries.
3186 * An additional locale model to support C++ Standard Library locale
3187 model and probably more was implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
3189 * Eric Youngdale and Ulrich Drepper implemented versioning of objects on
3192 * Miles Bader provided the `argp' function family to support hierachical
3193 command line argument parsing, layered on top of getopt.
3195 * strtod accepts new hexadecimal floating-point format from ISO C 9X.
3197 * printf has two new specifiers %a and %A to print hexadecimal flaoting-point
3200 * scanf recognizes the %a and %A format for scanning floating point numbers.
3202 * the new headers <stdint.h> and <inttypes.h> from ISO C 9X provides
3203 information and interfaces for the available integer types.
3205 * about 130 new math functions were added to implement the ISO C9x math
3208 * the new header <complex.h> contains definitions of the complex math
3209 functions from ISO C 9X.
3211 * the new header <tgmath.h> defines generic macros to use complex or
3212 real valued functions.
3214 * Thorsten Kukuk provided an implementation for NIS+, securelevel 0, 1 and 2.
3216 * Andreas Jaeger provided a test suite for the math library.
3218 * Mark Kettenis implemented the utmpx interface and an utmp daemon.
3220 * Ulrich Drepper added character set conversion functions (iconv).
3222 * Optimized string functions have been added.
3224 * The localedata addon is now part of glibc.
3226 * An implementation of profiling shared libraries was added by Ulrich Drepper.
3228 * Thorsten Kukuk and Ulrich Drepper provided an implementation for a caching
3229 daemon for NSS (nscd).
3231 Missing a better place here are some numbers on improvements. Under
3232 Linux 2.1.125 un-tar-ing the kernel sources takes
3236 using local files 12.19s 6.88s 22.91s
3238 using NIS 13.92s 8.91s 26.34s
3240 using NIS & nscd 10.37s 7.34s 25.30s
3242 using NIS+ 27.57s 30.37s 640.46s
3244 using NIS+ & nscd 10.25s 7.83s 26.51s
3246 using NIS & old nscd [1] 13.83s 8.32s 29.60s
3248 Keep in mind that non-namelookup related operations dominate above times.
3249 It was just a common complain that using NIS+ unpacking the kernel is
3252 [1] The old nscd implementation is not available anymore since it was
3253 distributed with glibc up to version 2.0.98 and thus is now replaced.
3255 * Tim Waugh provided an implementation of the POSIX.2 wordexp function family.
3257 * Mark Kettenis provided a Hesiod NSS module.
3259 * The ELF dynamic loader knows how to process dynamic string tokens ($ORIGIN
3260 and $PLATFORM) in RPATHs and similar strings (Ulrich Drepper).
3262 * rcmd can now handle netgroups (Dick Streefland).
3264 * A port to the ARM was contributed by Phil Blundell, Pat Beirne and Scott
3267 * Support for the IPv6 protocol has been added to the socket API, as per the
3268 latest draft standards.
3270 * Support for Linux 2.2 has been added.
3272 * Interface changes relative to the latest 2.0.x release:
3273 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3274 addseverity NEW: Unix98
3275 alphasort64 NEW: LFS
3276 argp_err_exit_status NEW: argp, GNU ext
3277 argp_error NEW: argp, GNU ext
3278 argp_failure NEW: argp, GNU ext
3279 argp_help NEW: argp, GNU ext
3280 argp_parse NEW: argp, GNU ext
3281 argp_program_bug_address NEW: argp, GNU ext
3282 argp_program_version NEW: argp, GNU ext
3283 argp_program_version_hook NEW: argp, GNU ext
3284 argp_state_help NEW: argp, GNU ext
3285 argp_usage NEW: argp, GNU ext
3286 authdes_create NEW: Secure RPC
3287 authdes_getucred NEW: Secure RPC
3288 authdes_pk_create NEW: Secure RPC
3289 backtrace NEW: GNU ext.
3290 backtrace_symbols NEW: GNU ext.
3291 backtrace_symbols_fd NEW: GNU ext.
3293 cacosf NEW: ISO C 9x
3294 cacosh NEW: ISO C 9x
3295 cacoshf NEW: ISO C 9x
3296 cacoshl NEW: ISO C 9x
3297 cacosl NEW: ISO C 9x
3304 casinf NEW: ISO C 9x
3305 casinh NEW: ISO C 9x
3306 casinhf NEW: ISO C 9x
3307 casinhl NEW: ISO C 9x
3308 casinl NEW: ISO C 9x
3310 catanf NEW: ISO C 9x
3311 catanh NEW: ISO C 9x
3312 catanhf NEW: ISO C 9x
3313 catanhl NEW: ISO C 9x
3314 catanl NEW: ISO C 9x
3315 cbc_crypt NEW: Secure RPC
3319 ccoshf NEW: ISO C 9x
3320 ccoshl NEW: ISO C 9x
3326 cimagf NEW: ISO C 9x
3327 cimagl NEW: ISO C 9x
3328 clearerr_locked REMOVED
3329 clntunix_create NEW: sunrpc ext
3331 clog10 NEW: ISO C 9x
3332 clog10f NEW: ISO C 9x
3333 clog10l NEW: ISO C 9x
3343 cprojf NEW: ISO C 9x
3344 cprojl NEW: ISO C 9x
3346 crealf NEW: ISO C 9x
3347 creall NEW: ISO C 9x
3352 csinhf NEW: ISO C 9x
3353 csinhl NEW: ISO C 9x
3356 csqrtf NEW: ISO C 9x
3357 csqrtl NEW: ISO C 9x
3361 ctanhf NEW: ISO C 9x
3362 ctanhl NEW: ISO C 9x
3364 des_setparity NEW: Secure RPC
3365 ecb_crypt NEW: Secure RPC
3366 endutxent NEW: Unix98
3368 exp10f NEW: ISO C 9x
3369 exp10l NEW: ISO C 9x
3373 fattach NEW: STREAMS
3374 fdetach NEW: STREAMS
3378 feclearexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
3379 fegetenv NEW: ISO C 9x
3380 fegetexceptflag NEW: ISO C 9x
3381 fegetround NEW: ISO C 9x
3382 feholdexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
3384 feraiseexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
3385 ferror_locked REMOVED
3386 fesetenv NEW: ISO C 9x
3387 fesetexceptflag NEW: ISO C 9x
3388 fesetround NEW: ISO C 9x
3389 fetestexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
3390 feupdateenv NEW: ISO C 9x
3391 fflush_locked REMOVED
3395 fgets_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
3396 fileno_locked REMOVED
3408 fputc_locked REMOVED
3409 fputs_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
3410 fread_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
3415 fstatvfs NEW: Unix98
3419 ftruncate64 NEW: LFS
3421 fwrite_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
3422 gai_strerror NEW: IPv6
3426 getchar_locked REMOVED
3428 getdate_err NEW: Unix98
3429 getdate_r NEW: GNU ext.
3431 getnameinfo NEW: IPv6
3432 getnetname NEW: Secure RPC
3433 getpmsg NEW: STREAMS
3434 getpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
3435 getrlimit64 NEW: LFS
3436 getutxent NEW: Unix98
3437 getutxid NEW: Unix98
3438 getutxline NEW: Unix98
3439 glob64 NEW: GNU ext.
3440 globfree64 NEW: GNU ext.
3441 gnu_get_libc_release NEW: GNU ext.
3442 gnu_get_libc_version NEW: GNU ext.
3443 grantpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
3444 host2netname NEW: Secure RPC
3446 iconv_close NEW: iconv
3447 iconv_open NEW: iconv
3448 if_freenameindex NEW: IPv6
3449 if_indextoname NEW: IPv6
3450 if_nameindex NEW: IPv6
3451 if_nametoindex NEW: IPv6
3452 in6addr_any NEW: IPv6
3453 in6addr_loopback NEW: IPv6
3454 inet6_isipv4mapped NEW: IPv6
3455 isastream NEW: STREAMS
3456 iswblank NEW: GNU ext.
3457 key_decryptsession NEW: Secure RPC
3458 key_decryptsession_pk NEW: Secure RPC
3459 key_encryptsession NEW: Secure RPC
3460 key_encryptsession_pk NEW: Secure RPC
3461 key_gendes NEW: Secure RPC
3462 key_get_conv NEW: Secure RPC
3463 key_secretkey_is_set NEW: Secure RPC
3464 key_setnet NEW: Secure RPC
3465 key_setsecret NEW: Secure RPC
3466 llrint NEW: ISO C 9x
3467 llrintf NEW: ISO C 9x
3468 llrintl NEW: ISO C 9x
3469 llround NEW: ISO C 9x
3470 llroundf NEW: ISO C 9x
3471 llroundl NEW: ISO C 9x
3476 lrintf NEW: ISO C 9x
3477 lrintl NEW: ISO C 9x
3478 lround NEW: ISO C 9x
3479 lroundf NEW: ISO C 9x
3480 lroundl NEW: ISO C 9x
3482 makecontext NEW: Unix98
3483 mempcpy NEW: GNU ext.
3486 modify_ldt NEW: kernel
3490 nearbyint NEW: ISO C 9x
3491 nearbyintf NEW: ISO C 9x
3492 nearbyintl NEW: ISO C 9x
3493 netname2host NEW: Secure RPC
3494 netname2user NEW: Secure RPC
3495 nexttoward NEW: ISO C 9x
3496 nexttowardf NEW: ISO C 9x
3497 nexttowardl NEW: ISO C 9x
3501 passwd2des NEW: Secure RPC
3503 pow10f NEW: GNU ext.
3504 pow10l NEW: GNU ext.
3507 printf_size NEW: GNU ext.
3508 printf_size_info NEW: GNU ext.
3509 profil_counter REMOVED
3510 pthread_mutexattr_getkind_np REPLACED
3511 pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np REPLACED
3512 ptsname NEW: Unix98 PTY
3513 ptsname_r NEW: Unix98 PTY
3515 putchar_locked REMOVED
3516 putgrent NEW: GNU ext.
3518 putpmsg NEW: STREAMS
3519 pututxline NEW: Unix98
3523 readdir64_r NEW: LFS
3524 remquo NEW: ISO C 9x
3525 remquof NEW: ISO C 9x
3526 remquol NEW: ISO C 9x
3528 roundf NEW: ISO C 9x
3529 roundl NEW: ISO C 9x
3531 scalbln NEW: ISO C 9x
3532 scalblnf NEW: ISO C 9x
3533 scalblnl NEW: ISO C 9x
3535 sendfile NEW: kernel
3536 setcontext NEW: Unix98
3537 setrlimit64 NEW: LFS
3538 setutxent NEW: Unix98
3540 sigignore NEW: Unix98
3541 sigqueue NEW: POSIX.1b
3542 sigrelse NEW: Unix98
3543 sigset NEW: POSIX.1b
3544 sigtimedwait NEW: POSIX.1b
3545 sigwaitinfo NEW: POSIX.1b
3546 sincos NEW: GNU ext.
3547 sincosf NEW: GNU ext.
3548 sincosl NEW: GNU ext.
3552 strcasestr NEW: GNU ext.
3553 strtoimax NEW: ISO C 9x
3554 strtoumax NEW: ISO C 9x
3555 strverscmp NEW: GNU ext.
3556 svcauthdes_stats NEW: Secure RPC
3557 svcunix_create NEW: sunrpc etx
3558 svcunixfd_create NEW: sunrpc ext
3559 swapcontext NEW: Unix98
3560 tcgetsid NEW: Unix98 PTY
3561 tdestroy NEW: GNU ext.
3562 tgamma NEW: ISO C 9x
3563 tgammaf NEW: ISO C 9x
3564 tgammal NEW: ISO C 9x
3568 truncf NEW: ISO C 9x
3569 truncl NEW: ISO C 9x
3571 unlockpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
3572 updwtmpx NEW: Unix98
3573 user2netname NEW: Secure RPC
3574 utmpxname NEW: Unix98
3575 versionsort NEW: GNU ext.
3576 versionsort64 NEW: GNU ext.
3578 wcscasecmp NEW: GNU ext.
3579 wcsncasecmp NEW: GNU ext.
3580 wcsnlen NEW: GNU ext.
3581 wcstoimax NEW: ISO C 9x
3582 wcstoll NEW: ISO C 9x
3583 wcstoull NEW: ISO C 9x
3584 wcstoumax NEW: ISO C 9x
3586 wordexp NEW: POSIX.2
3587 wordfree NEW: POSIX.2
3588 write_profiling REMOVED
3589 xdecrypt NEW: Secure RPC
3590 xdr_authdes_cred NEW: Secure RPC
3591 xdr_authdes_verf NEW: Secure RPC
3592 xdr_cryptkeyarg NEW: Secure RPC
3593 xdr_cryptkeyarg2 NEW: Secure RPC
3594 xdr_cryptkeyres NEW: Secure RPC
3595 xdr_getcredres NEW: Secure RPC
3596 xdr_key_netstarg NEW: Secure RPC
3597 xdr_key_netstres NEW: Secure RPC
3598 xdr_keybuf NEW: Secure RPC
3599 xdr_keystatus NEW: Secure RPC
3600 xdr_netnamestr NEW: Secure RPC
3601 xdr_sizeof NEW: Secure RPC
3602 xdr_unixcred NEW: sunrpc ext
3603 xencrypt NEW: Secure RPC
3604 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3615 * inet_ntoa is thread-safe
3617 * updwtmp is moved from libutil to libc
3619 * rewrite of cbrt function
3621 * update of timezone data
3635 * add atoll function
3637 * fix complex problems in Berkeley DB code
3639 * fix math functions
3643 * fixed lots of header problems (especially Linux/GNU specific)
3645 * dynamic loader preserves all registers
3647 * Roland McGrath provided support for handling of auxiliary objects in
3648 the ELF dynamic loader.
3650 * support for parallel builds is improved
3654 * GNU extensions are no longer declared by default. To enable them you
3655 must define the macro `_GNU_SOURCE' in your program or compile with
3658 * The library has changed from using GNU ld symbol aliases to using weak
3659 symbols where available. The ELF object file format supports weak
3660 symbols; GNU ld also supports weak symbols in the a.out format. (There
3661 is also now support for other GNU ld extensions in ELF. Use the
3662 `--with-elf' option to configure to indicate you have ELF, and
3663 `--with-gnu-ld' if using GNU ld.) This change resulted in the deletion
3664 of many files which contained only symbol aliases, reducing the size of
3665 the source and the compiled library; many other files were renamed to
3666 less cryptic names previously occupied by the symbol alias files.
3667 There is a new header file <elf.h> for programs which operate on
3668 files in the ELF format.
3670 * Converted to Autoconf version 2, so `configure' has more options.
3671 Run `configure --help' to see the details.
3673 * The library can now be configured to build profiling, highly-optimized
3674 (but undebuggable), and/or shared libraries (ELF with GNU ld only). The
3675 `--enable-profile', `--enable-omitfp', and `--enable-shared' options to
3676 `configure' enable building these extra libraries. The shared library is
3677 built by default when using both ELF and GNU ld. When shared libraries
3678 are enabled, the new library `-ldl' is available for arbitrary run-time
3679 loading of shared objects; its interface is defined in <dlfcn.h>. The
3680 new header file <link.h> gives access to the internals of the run-time
3681 dynamic linker, `ld.so'. The shell script `ldd' is similar to the
3682 application of same name on other systems and it provides information
3683 about dynamically linked binaries.
3685 * The C library now provides the run-time support code for profiling
3686 executables compiled with `-pg'. Programs can control the profiling code
3687 through the interface in <sys/gmon.h>. The `gmon.out' files written by
3688 the GNU C library can be read only by GNU `gprof' (from GNU binutils);
3689 the support for this file format was contributed by David Mosberger-Tang.
3691 * The math code has been replaced with a math library based on fdlibm from
3692 Sun, and modified by JT Conklin and Ulrich Drepper with i387 support, by
3693 Ian Taylor with `float' functions and by Ulrich Drepper with `long double'
3694 functions. The math functions now reside in a separate library, so
3695 programs using them will need to use `-lm' their linking commands.
3697 * John C. Bowman contributed optimized ix87 assembler inline functions.
3699 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed support for an `/etc/nsswitch.conf'
3700 mechanism similar to that found in Solaris 2. This is now used for the
3701 group, passwd, hosts, networks, services, protocols, rpc, ethers,
3702 shadow, netgroup, publickey, and alias databases. The `nsswitch.conf'
3703 file controls what services are used for each individual database. This
3704 works by loading shared libraries with names specified in `nsswitch.conf',
3705 so service modules can be changed or added at any time without even
3706 relinking any program. Currently there are the file, db, and NIS based
3707 NSS services available.
3709 * The new functions `strtoq' and `strtouq' parse integer values from
3710 strings, like `strtol' and `strtoul', but they return `long long int' and
3711 `unsigned long long int' values, respectively (64-bit quantities).
3713 * The new functions `strtof' and `strtold' parse floating-point values from
3714 strings, like `strtod', but they return `float' and `long double' values,
3715 respectively (on some machines `double' and `long double' are the same).
3717 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new implementations of the floating-point
3718 printing and reading code used in the `printf' family of functions and
3719 `strtod', `strtof', and `strtold'. These new functions are perfectly
3720 accurate, and much faster than the old ones.
3722 * The implementation of the POSIX locale model was completely rewritten by
3723 Ulrich Drepper. This includes the new programs `localedef' and `locale'
3724 to compile the POSIX locale definition.
3726 * The former dummy implementations of the strcoll and strxfrm function are
3727 now replaced by fully functional code contributed by Ulrich Drepper. The
3728 collation information comes from the POSIX locale definitions.
3730 * The new header <langinfo.h> defines an interface for accessing
3731 various locale-dependent data (using the locale chosen with `setlocale').
3733 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed a new suite of functions for operation on
3734 wide-character and multibyte-character strings, in <wchar.h>;
3735 and classification and case conversion of wide characters, in <wctype.h>.
3736 These new functions are conforming to the ISO C, Amendement 1 specification.
3738 * There is now a second implementation of the standard I/O library available.
3739 It comes from GNU libg++ as was written by Per Bothner, heavily modified
3740 by Hongjiu Lu and made thread safe by Ulrich Drepper.
3742 * You can now use positional parameter specifications in format strings
3743 for the `printf' and `scanf' families of functions. For example,
3744 `printf ("Number %2$d, Mr %1$s\n", "Jones", 6);'' prints
3745 ``Number 6, Mr Jones''. This is mainly useful when providing different
3746 format strings for different languages, whose grammars may dictate
3747 different orderings of the values being printed. To support this
3748 feature, the interface for `register_printf_handler' has changed; see
3749 the header file <printf.h> for details.
3751 * The `printf' and `scanf' families of functions now understand a new
3752 formatting flag for numeric conversions: the ' flag (e.g. %'d or %'f) says
3753 to group numbers as indicated by the locale; for `scanf' and friends, this
3754 says to accept as valid only a number with all the proper grouping
3755 separators in the right places. In the default "C" locale, numbers are
3756 not grouped; but locales for specific countries will define the usual
3757 conventions (i.e. separate thousands with `,' in the US locale).
3759 * The pgrp functions have been regularized, slightly incompatibly but much
3760 less confusingly. The core functions are now `getpgid' and `setpgid',
3761 which take arguments for the PID to operate on; the POSIX.1 `getpgrp' (no
3762 argument) and BSD `setpgrp' (identical to `setpgid') functions are
3763 provided for compatibility. There is no longer an incompatible `getpgrp'
3764 with an argument declared under _BSD_SOURCE; no BSD code uses it.
3766 * The new header file <fts.h> and suite of functions simplify programs that
3767 operate on directory trees. This code comes from 4.4 BSD.
3769 * The resolver code has been updated from the BIND 4.9.5-P1 release.
3770 Parts of the code were heavily modified by Ulrich Drepper to fit in the
3771 NSS scheme used in glibc.
3773 * There is a new malloc debugging hook `__memalign_hook'.
3775 * There are new typedefs `ushort' for `unsigned short int' and `uint' for
3776 `unsigned int' in <sys/types.h>. These are for compatibility only and
3777 their use is discouraged.
3779 * The `-lmcheck' library to enable standard malloc debugging hooks is now
3780 done differently, so that it works even without GNU ld.
3782 * New function `euidaccess' checks allowed access to a file like `access',
3783 but using the effective IDs instead of the real IDs.
3785 * The time zone data files have been updated for the latest and greatest
3786 local time conventions of the countries of the world.
3788 * The new function `dirfd' extracts the file descriptor used by a DIR stream;
3791 * The new functions `ecvt', `fcvt', and `gcvt' provide an obsolete interface
3792 for formatting floating-point numbers. They are provided only for
3793 compatibility; new programs should use `sprintf' instead. There are
3794 also equivalent function for the `long double' floating-point type and
3795 all functions also exist in a reentrant form.
3797 * The new auxiliary library `-lutil' from 4.4 BSD contains various
3798 functions for maintaining the login-record files (primarily of use to
3799 system programs such as `login'), and convenient functions for
3800 allocating and initializing a pseudo-terminal (pty) device.
3802 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new support for System V style
3803 shared memory and IPC on systems that support it.
3805 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed several miscellaneous new functions found
3806 in System V: The `hsearch' family of functions provide an effective
3807 implementation of hash tables; `a64l' and `l64a' provide a very simple
3808 binary to ASCII mapping; `drand48' and friends provide a 48-bit random
3811 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new reentrant counterparts for the
3812 `random' and `hsearch' families of functions; `random_r', `hsearch_r', etc.
3814 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new, highly-optimized versions of several
3815 string functions for the i486/Pentium family of processors.
3817 * Ulrich Drepper has updated the Linux-specific code, based largely
3818 on work done in Hongjiu Lu's version of GNU libc for Linux.
3819 The GNU library now supports Linux versions 2.0.10 and later,
3820 using the ELF object file format (i[3456]86-*-linux).
3822 * Andreas Schwab has ported the C library to Linux/m68k (m68k-*-linux).
3824 * David Mosberger-Tang and Richard Henderson have ported the C library
3825 to Linux/Alpha (alpha-*-linux). Richard Henderson contributed the
3826 dynamic linking support for ELF/Alpha.
3828 * Richard Henderson contributed several Alpha optimized assembler function
3829 for arithmetic and string handling.
3831 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed a new set of message catalog functions to
3832 support multiple languages using the <libintl.h> interface, for use with
3833 his new package GNU gettext. Translation volunteers have contributed
3834 catalogs of the library's messages in Spanish, German, and Korean.
3836 * For compatibility with XPG4, Ulrich Drepper has contributed the `gencat'
3837 program and the `catgets' function for reading the catalog files it
3838 creates. (The <libintl.h> interface is preferred; we include the
3839 <nl_types.h> interface using `catgets' only for source compatibility with
3840 programs already written to use it.)
3842 * New header file <values.h> gives SVID-compatible names for <limits.h>
3845 * Various new macros, declarations, and small header files for compatibility
3848 * New function `group_member' is a convenient way to check if a process has
3849 a given effective group ID.
3851 * When using GCC 2.7 and later, the socket functions are now declared in a
3852 special way so that passing an argument of type `struct sockaddr_in *',
3853 `struct sockaddr_ns *', or `struct sockaddr_un *' instead of the generic
3854 `struct sockaddr *' type, does not generate a type-clash warning.
3856 * New function `error' declared in header file <error.h> is a convenient
3857 function for printing error messages and optionally exiting; this is the
3858 canonical function used in GNU programs. The new functions `err', `warn',
3859 and friends in header file <err.h> are the canonical 4.4 BSD interface for
3860 doing the same thing.
3862 * The <glob.h> interface has several new flags from 4.4 BSD that extend the
3863 POSIX.2 `glob' function to do ~ and {...} expansion.
3865 * New function `unsetenv' complements `setenv' for compatibility with 4.4 BSD.
3866 `clearenv' which is used in POSIX.9 is also available.
3868 * New function `getsid' returns session ID number on systems that support it.
3870 * We have incorporated the 4.4 BSD `db' library (version 1.85). New header
3871 files <db.h> and <mpool.h> provide a rich set of functions for several
3872 types of simple databases stored in memory and in files, and <ndbm.h> is
3873 an old `ndbm'-compatible interface using the `db' functions. Link with
3874 `-ldb' to get these functions.
3876 * New macro `strdupa' copies a string like `strdup', but uses local stack
3877 space from `alloca' instead of dynamic heap space from `malloc'.
3879 * New function `strnlen' is like `strlen' but searches only a given maximum
3880 number of characters for the null terminator. `stpncpy', `strndup' and
3881 `strndupa' are similar variants for the `stpcpy', `strdup' and `strdupa'
3884 * New function `statfs' in header <sys/statfs.h>.
3886 * The new <argz.h> and <envz.h> interfaces contributed by Miles Bader
3887 provide convenient functions for operating on blocks of null-terminated
3890 * A new suite of functions in <utmp.h> handle all the details of reading
3891 and writing the utmp file.
3893 * An implementation of the NIS/YP(tm) based NSS service was contributed by
3896 * Paul Eggert and Ulrich Drepper modified the `strftime' function to be
3897 completely POSIX compliant and also implemented the extended functionality
3898 to handle alternate digit representation and alternate era date formats.
3900 * Ulrich Drepper provided an implementation of the `strptime' function
3901 defined in XPG4.2 which transforms a string into a `struct tm' value.
3903 * Paul Eggert provided the tzselect shell script as part of the timezone
3904 code. The shell script makes it easy to select the correct timezone
3907 * The implementation of the malloc family of functions is completely replaced
3908 by a new implementation by Doug Lea with many improvements by Wolfram Gloger.
3909 The implementation uses the mmap function (if available) and it is
3910 optimized for the use in multi threaded programs.
3912 * Ulrich Drepper contributed a MD5 "encryption" for the crypt family of
3913 functions. This new functionality is usable by specifying a special
3914 salt string and it is compatible with implementation on *BSD systems.
3916 * Lots of functions from the XPG4.2 standard were added by Ulrich Drepper:
3917 `getsubopt' to handle second level command line options, `bsd_signal'
3918 to access BSD style `signal' functionality, the obsolete `regexp' style
3921 * the `lchown' function is available on system which support this
3924 * The implementation of the shadow password handling function was contributed
3927 * David Mosberger-Tang changed the SunRPC implementation to be 64bit safe.
3929 * POSIX.1g support was added. The <sys/select.h> header is available,
3930 `isfdtype' and `pselect' are implemented. Craig Metz contributed an
3931 implementation of `getaddrinfo'.
3935 * For cross-compilation you should now set `BUILD_CC' instead of `HOST_CC'.
3937 * New header file <fstab.h> and new functions `getfsspec', `getfsent' and
3938 friends, for parsing /etc/fstab. This code comes from 4.4 BSD.
3940 * The new function `daemon' from 4.4 BSD is useful for server programs that
3941 want to put themselves in the background.
3943 * Joel Sherrill has contributed support for several standalone boards that
3944 run without an operating system.
3946 * `printf', `scanf' and friends now accept a `q' type modifier for long
3947 long int as well as `ll'. Formats using these might be `%qu' or `%lld'.
3949 * All of the code taken from BSD (notably most of the math and networking
3950 routines) has been updated from the BSD 4.4-Lite release.
3952 * The resolver code has been updated from the BIND-4.9.3-BETA9 release.
3954 * The new functions `getdomainname' and `setdomainname' fetch or change the
3955 YP/NIS domain name. These are system calls which exist on systems which
3958 * The time zone data files have been updated for the latest international
3961 * The SunRPC programs `portmap' and `rpcinfo' are now installed in
3962 $(sbindir) (usually /usr/local/sbin) instead of $(bindir).
3966 * The C library now includes support for Sun RPC, from Sun's free
3967 RPCSRC-4.0 distribution. The `portmap', `rpcinfo', and `rpcgen' programs
3968 are included. (There is still no support for YP.)
3970 * Tom Quinn has contributed a port of the C library to SGI machines running
3971 Irix 4 (mips-sgi-irix4).
3973 * The new `lockf' function is a simplified interface to the locking
3974 facilities of `fcntl', included for compatibility.
3976 * New time functions `timegm', `timelocal', and `dysize' for compatibility.
3978 * New header file <sys/timeb.h> and new function `ftime' for compatibility.
3980 * New header files <poll.h> and <sys/poll.h> and new function `poll' for
3983 * The error message printed by `assert' for a failed assertion now includes
3984 the name of the program (if using GNU ld) and the name of the calling
3985 function (with versions of GCC that support this).
3987 * The `psignal' function is now declared in <signal.h>, not <stdio.h>.
3989 * The library now includes the <sys/mman.h> header file and memory
3990 management functions `mmap', `munmap', `mprotect', `msync', and
3991 `madvise', on systems that support those facilities.
3993 * The interface for `mcheck' has changed slightly: the function called to
3994 abort the program when an allocation inconsistency is detected now takes
3995 an argument that indicates the type of failure. The new function
3996 `mprobe' lets you request a consistency check for a particular block at
3997 any time (checks are normally done only when you call `free' or `realloc'
4000 * It is now possible to easily cross-compile the C library, building on one
4001 system a library to run on another machine and/or operating system. All
4002 you need to do is set the variable `HOST_CC' in `configparms' to the
4003 native compiler for programs to run on the machine you are building on (a
4004 few generator programs are used on Unix systems); set `CC' to the
4007 * The new function `fexecve' (only implemented on the GNU system) executes
4008 a program file given a file descriptor already open on the file.
4012 * Brendan Kehoe has contributed most of a port to the DEC Alpha
4013 running OSF/1 (alpha-dec-osf1). He says it is 75% complete.
4015 * You can set the variable `libprefix' in `configparms' to specify a prefix
4016 to be prepended to installed library files; this makes it easy to install
4017 the GNU C library to be linked as `-lgnuc' or whatever.
4019 * The new `stpncpy' is a cross between `stpcpy' and `strncpy': It
4020 copies a limited number of characters from a string, and returns the
4021 address of the last character written.
4023 * You no longer need to check for whether the installed `stddef.h' is
4024 compatible with the GNU C library. configure now checks for you.
4026 * You can now define a per-stream `fileno' function to convert the
4027 stream's cookie into an integral file descriptor.
4029 * ``malloc (0)'' no longer returns a null pointer. Instead, it
4030 allocates zero bytes of storage, and returns a unique pointer which
4031 you can pass to `realloc' or `free'. The behavior is undefined if
4032 you dereference this pointer.
4034 * The C library now runs on Sony NEWS m68k machines running either
4035 NewsOS 3 or NewsOS 4.
4037 * The new `syscall' function is a system-dependent primitive function
4038 for invoking system calls. It has the canonical behavior on Unix
4039 systems, including unreliable return values for some calls (such as
4040 `pipe', `fork' and `getppid').
4042 * The error code `EWOULDBLOCK' is now obsolete; it is always defined
4043 to `EAGAIN', which is the preferred name. On systems whose kernels
4044 use two distinct codes, the C library now translates EWOULDBLOCK to
4045 EAGAIN in every system call function.
4049 * The GNU C Library Reference Manual is now distributed with the library.
4050 `make dvi' will produce a DVI file of the printed manual.
4051 `make info' will produce Info files that you can read on line using C-h i
4052 in Emacs or the `info' program.
4053 Please send comments on the manual to bug-glibc-manual@gnu.org.
4055 * The library now supports SVR4 on i386s (i386-unknown-sysv4).
4057 * Brendan Kehoe has contributed a port to Sun SPARCs running Solaris 2.
4059 * Jason Merrill has contributed a port to the Sequent Symmetry running
4060 Dynix version 3 (i386-sequent-dynix).
4062 * The library has been ported to i386s running SCO 3.2.4 (also known as SCO
4063 ODT 2.0; i386-unknown-sco3.2.4) or SCO 3.2 (i386-unknown-sco3.2).
4065 * New function `memory_warnings' lets you arrange to get warnings when
4066 malloc is running out of memory to allocate, like Emacs gives you.
4068 * The C library now contains the relocating allocator used in Emacs 19 for
4069 its editing buffers. This allocator (ralloc) minimizes allocation
4070 overhead and fragmentation by moving allocated regions around whenever it
4071 needs to. You always refer to a ralloc'd region with a "handle" (a
4072 pointer to a pointer--an object of type `void **').
4074 * There is a new `printf' format: `%m' gives you the string corresponding
4075 to the error code in `errno'.
4077 * In `scanf' formats, you can now use `%as' or `%a[' to do the normal `%s'
4078 or `%[' conversion, but instead of filling in a fixed-sized buffer you
4079 pass, the `a' modifier says to fill in a `char **' you pass with a
4082 * The `fnmatch' function supports the new flag bits `FNM_LEADING_DIR' and
4083 `FNM_CASEFOLD'. `FNM_LEADING_DIR' lets a pattern like `foo*' match a
4084 name like `foo/bar'. `FNM_CASEFOLD' says to ignore case in matching.
4086 * `mkstemp' is a traditional Unix function to atomically create and open a
4087 uniquely-named temporary file.
4091 * The standard location for the file that says what the local timezone is
4092 has changed again. It is now `/usr/local/etc/localtime' (or more
4093 precisely, `${prefix}/etc/localtime') rather than `/etc/localtime'.
4095 * The distribution no longer contains any files with names longer than 14
4098 * `struct ttyent' has two new flag bits: TTY_TRUSTED and TTY_CONSOLE.
4099 These are set by the new `trusted' and `console' keywords in `/etc/ttys'.
4101 * New functions `ttyslot' and `syslog' from 4.4 BSD.
4105 * The configuration process has changed quite a bit. The `configure'
4106 script is now used just like the configuration scripts for other GNU
4107 packages. The `sysdeps' directory hierarchy is much rearranged.
4108 The file `INSTALL' explains the new scheme in detail.
4110 * The header files no longer need to be processed into ANSI C and
4111 traditional C versions. There is just one set of files to install, and
4112 it will work with ANSI or old C compilers (including `gcc -traditional').
4114 * Brendan Kehoe and Ian Lance Taylor have ported the library to the
4115 MIPS DECStation running Ultrix 4.
4117 * The Sun 4 startup code (crt0) can now properly load SunOS 4 shared libraries.
4118 Tom Quinn contributed the initial code. The GNU C library can NOT yet be
4119 made itself into a shared library.
4121 * Yet further improved support for the i386, running 4.3 BSD-like systems
4122 (such as Mach 3 with the Unix single-server), or System V.
4124 * New function `strncasecmp' to do case-insensitive string comparison
4125 with limited length.
4127 * New function `strsep' is a reentrant alternative to `strtok'.
4129 * New functions `scandir' and `alphasort' for searching directories.
4131 * New function `setenv' is a better interface to `putenv'.
4133 * Ian Lance Taylor has contributed an implementation of the SVID `ftw'
4134 function for traversing a directory tree.
4136 * The GNU obstack package is now also part of the C library.
4137 The new function `open_obstack_stream' creates a stdio stream that
4138 writes onto an obstack; `obstack_printf' and `obstack_vprintf' do
4139 formatted output directly to an obstack.
4141 * Miscellaneous new functions: reboot, nice, sigaltstack (4.4 BSD only),
4142 cfmakeraw, getusershell, getpass, swab, getttyent, seteuid, setegid.
4144 * `FNM_FILE_NAME' is another name for `FNM_PATHNAME', used with `fnmatch'.
4146 * The new functions `strfry' and `memfrob' do mysterious and wonderful
4147 things to your strings.
4149 * There are some new test programs: test-fseek, testmb, and testrand.
4151 * Some work has been done to begin porting the library to 4.4 BSD and Linux.
4152 These ports are not finished, but are a good starting place for really
4153 supporting those systems.
4155 * `/etc/localtime' is now the standard location for the file that says what
4156 the local timezone is, rather than `/usr/local/lib/zoneinfo/localtime'.
4157 This follows the general principle that `/etc' is the place for all local
4158 configuration files.
4160 * The C library header files now use `extern "C"' when used by the C++
4161 compiler, so the C library should now work with C++ code.
4163 * The header file <bstring.h> is gone. <string.h> now declares bcopy,
4164 bcmp, bzero, and ffs. (Update: nowadays these functions are declared
4167 * Mike Haertel (of GNU e?grep and malloc fame) has written a new sorting
4168 function which uses the `merge sort' algorithm, and is said to be
4169 significantly faster than the old GNU `qsort' function. Merge sort is
4170 now the standard `qsort' function. The new algorithm can require a lot
4171 of temporary storage; so, the old sorting function is called when the
4172 required storage is not available.
4174 * The C library now includes Michael Glad's Ultra Fast Crypt, which
4175 provides the Unix `crypt' function, plus some other entry points.
4177 * The code and header files taken from 4.4 BSD have been updated with the
4178 latest files released from Berkeley.
4180 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
4181 Copyright information:
4183 Copyright (C) 1992-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4185 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
4186 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
4187 copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved,
4188 thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn.
4190 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
4191 of this document, or of portions of it,
4192 under the above conditions, provided also that they
4193 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them.
4196 version-control: never