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1 # @(#)southamerica 7.40
3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
8 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
9 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
10 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
11 #
12 # Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
13 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
14 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
15 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
16 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
17 #
18 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
19 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
20 #
21 # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
22 # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
23 # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
24 # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
25 # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
26 # in Europe and South America.
27 # -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
28 # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
29 #
30 # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
31 # for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
32 # "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
33 # the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
34 # The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
35 # Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
36 # "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
37 # The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
38 # "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
39 # name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
40 # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
41 # Corrections are welcome!
42 # std dst
43 # -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
44 # -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
45 # -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
46 # -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
48 ###############################################################################
50 ###############################################################################
52 # Argentina
54 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
55 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
56 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
58 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
59 # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
61 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
62 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
63 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
65 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
66 Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
67 Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
68 Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
69 Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
70 Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
71 Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
72 Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
73 Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
74 Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
75 Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
76 Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
77 Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
78 Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
79 Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
80 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
81 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
82 Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
83 Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
84 Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
85 Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
86 Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
87 Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
88 Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
89 Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
90 Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
91 Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
92 Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 -
93 Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
94 Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
95 #
96 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
97 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
98 # obtaining the data from the:
99 # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
100 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
101 #
102 # Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
103 Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
104 Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
105 #
106 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
107 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
108 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
109 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
110 #
111 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
112 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
113 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
114 # from the International Date Line.
115 Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
116 Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
117 #
118 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
119 # We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
120 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
121 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
122 #
123 # From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre@bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04):
124 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
125 # de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
126 # in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
127 #
128 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
129 #
130 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC),
131 # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
132 Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov
133 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
134 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
135 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
136 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 0:00
137 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
138 -3:00 - ART
139 #
140 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
141 # Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
142 Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
143 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
144 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
145 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
146 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul
147 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
148 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
149 -3:00 - ART
150 #
151 # Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL),
152 # Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
153 Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov
154 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
155 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
156 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
157 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
158 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
159 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
160 -3:00 - ART
161 #
162 # Jujuy (JY)
163 Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov
164 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
165 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
166 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
167 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
168 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
169 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15
170 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
171 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
172 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
173 -3:00 - ART
174 #
175 # Catamarca (CT)
176 Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov
177 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
178 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
179 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
180 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
181 -3:00 - ART 1991 Jul
182 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul
183 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
184 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
185 -3:00 - ART
186 #
187 # Mendoza (MZ)
188 Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov
189 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
190 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
191 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
192 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
193 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
194 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
195 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
196 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
197 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
198 -3:00 - ART
200 # Aruba
201 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
202 Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
203 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
204 -4:00 - AST
206 # Bolivia
207 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
208 Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
209 -4:32:36 - LPMT 1931 Oct 15 # La Paz Mean Time
210 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
211 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
213 # Brazil
215 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
216 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
217 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
218 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
219 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
220 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
222 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
223 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
224 # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
225 # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
226 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
227 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
229 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
230 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
231 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
232 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
233 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
234 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
235 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
236 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
237 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
238 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
239 # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
240 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
241 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
242 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
243 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
244 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
245 # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
246 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
248 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
249 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
250 # Brazilian official page
251 # </a>
253 # From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
254 # [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
255 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
256 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
258 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
259 # The official decrees referenced below are taken from
260 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
261 # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
262 # </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
263 # The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
264 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
265 # Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
266 # </a> (in Portuguese).
268 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
269 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
270 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
271 Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
272 Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
273 Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
274 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
275 # revoked DST.
276 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
277 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
278 Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
279 Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
280 Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
281 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
282 Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
283 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
284 # revoked DST.
285 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
286 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
287 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
288 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
289 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
290 Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
291 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
292 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
293 Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
294 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
295 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
296 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
297 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
298 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
299 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
300 Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
301 Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
302 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
303 # revoked DST.
304 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
305 Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
306 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
307 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
308 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
309 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
310 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
311 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
312 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
313 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
314 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
315 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
316 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
317 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
318 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
319 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
320 # with the same exceptions
321 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
322 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
323 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
324 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
325 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
326 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
327 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
328 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
329 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
330 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
331 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
332 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
333 # adopted by same states.
334 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
335 Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
336 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
337 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
338 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
339 # adopted by same states, minus AM.
340 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
341 # adopted by same states, plus TO.
342 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
343 # adds AL, SE.
344 Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
345 Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
346 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
347 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
348 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
349 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
350 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
351 # From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
352 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
353 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
354 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
355 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
356 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
357 #
358 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
359 # <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
360 # Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
361 # </a>,
362 # Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
363 #
364 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
365 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
366 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
367 # (1998-02-10)
368 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
369 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
370 # adopted by the same states as before.
371 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
372 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
373 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
374 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
375 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
376 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
377 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
378 Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
379 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
380 # adopted by the same states as before.
381 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
382 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
383 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
384 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
385 #
386 # These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses
387 # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
388 Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
389 Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
392 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
393 #
394 # Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz,
395 # Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
396 Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
397 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
398 -2:00 - FNT
399 #
400 # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
401 # East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
402 Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
403 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
404 -3:00 - BRT
405 #
406 # Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
407 # Paraiba (PB)
408 Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
409 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
410 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
411 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
412 -3:00 - BRT
413 #
414 # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
415 Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
416 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
417 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
418 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
419 -3:00 - BRT
420 #
421 # Tocantins (TO)
422 Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
423 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
424 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
425 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
426 #
427 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
428 Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
429 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
430 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
431 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
432 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
433 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
434 -3:00 - BRT
435 #
436 # Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
437 # Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
438 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
439 Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
440 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
441 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
442 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
443 #
444 # Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul
445 Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
446 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
447 #
448 # west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
449 # West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
450 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
451 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
452 -4:00 - AMT
453 #
454 # Roraima (RR)
455 Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
456 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
457 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
458 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
459 -4:00 - AMT
460 #
461 # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
462 Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
463 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
464 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
465 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
466 -4:00 - AMT
467 #
468 # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
469 # Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
470 Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
471 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
472 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
473 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
474 -5:00 - ACT
475 #
476 # Acre (AC)
477 Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
478 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
479 -5:00 - ACT
482 # Chile
484 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
485 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
486 # of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
487 # (1998-09-29):
488 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
489 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
490 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
492 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
493 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
494 # on April 3, (one-time change).
496 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
497 # I came across a Chilean on-line newspaper, La Tercera. Its
498 # <a href="http://www.tercera.cl/diario/1998/03/13/extras.html">
499 # 1998-03-13 issue
500 # </a>, says (my translation):
501 # "At 24:00 (midnight) tomorrow (Saturday) - 22:00 in the insular
502 # territory [Easter Island, Juan Fernandez, etc.] - winter time will
503 # begin in the entire country."
505 # From Paul Eggert (2001-02-21):
506 # Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
508 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
509 Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
510 Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
511 Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
512 Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
513 Rule Chile 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
514 Rule Chile 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
515 Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
516 Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
517 Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
518 Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
519 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
520 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
521 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
522 Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
523 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
524 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
525 -4:00 Chile CL%sT
526 Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
527 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
528 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
529 -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
530 #
531 # Whitman says Juan Fernandez Is are like America/Santiago.
532 # San Ambrosio, San Felix
533 # no information; probably like America/Santiago
536 # Colombia
537 # Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
538 # as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
539 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
540 Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
541 Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
542 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
543 Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
544 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
545 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
546 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
547 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
549 # Curacao
550 # Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
551 # standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
552 # used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
553 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
554 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
555 Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
556 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
557 -4:00 - AST
559 # Ecuador
560 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
561 Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
562 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
563 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
564 Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
565 -5:00 - ECT 1986
566 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
568 # Falklands
570 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
571 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
572 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
574 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
575 # via Jesper Norgaard:
576 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
577 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
578 # September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
579 # am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
580 # Sunday 1 September.
582 # From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
583 #
584 # I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
585 # time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
586 # what was said then:
587 #
588 # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
589 # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
590 # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
591 # There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
592 # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
593 # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
594 # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
595 # and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
596 # is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
597 # as UK or Chile."
598 #
599 # I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
600 # 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
601 # not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
602 #
603 # Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
604 # Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
605 # that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
606 # West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
607 # DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
608 # it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
609 #
610 # I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
611 # which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
612 # the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
613 # customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
615 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
616 # For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
617 # better info.
619 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
620 Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
621 Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
622 Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
623 Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
624 Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
625 Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
626 Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
627 Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
628 Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
629 Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
630 Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
631 Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
632 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
633 Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
634 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
635 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
636 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
637 -4:00 Falk FK%sT
639 # French Guiana
640 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
641 Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
642 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
643 -3:00 - GFT
645 # Guyana
646 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
647 Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
648 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
649 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
650 -3:00 - GYT 1991
651 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
652 -4:00 - GYT
654 # Paraguay
655 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
656 # Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
657 # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
658 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
659 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
660 Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
661 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
662 Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
663 Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
664 Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
665 Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
666 Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
667 Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
668 Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
669 Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
670 Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
671 Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
672 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
673 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
674 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
675 # (10-01).
676 #
677 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
678 # <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
679 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
680 # </a>:
681 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
682 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
683 # system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
684 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
685 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
686 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
687 #
688 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
689 # http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
690 #
691 Rule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
692 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
693 Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
694 # Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
695 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
696 Rule Para 1998 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
698 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
699 Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
700 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
701 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
702 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
703 -4:00 Para PY%sT
705 # Peru
706 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
707 Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
708 Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
709 Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
710 Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
711 Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
712 Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
713 Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
714 Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
715 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
716 Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
717 Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
718 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
719 Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
720 -5:09 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time
721 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
723 # South Georgia
724 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
725 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
726 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
728 # South Sandwich Is
729 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
731 # Suriname
732 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
733 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
734 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
735 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
736 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
737 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
738 -3:00 - SRT
740 # Trinidad and Tobago
741 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
742 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
743 -4:00 - AST
745 # Uruguay
746 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
747 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
748 # From Shanks:
749 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
750 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
751 Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
752 Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
753 Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
754 Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
755 # Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
756 Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
757 Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
758 Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
759 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
760 Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
761 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
762 # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
763 Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
764 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
765 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
766 Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
767 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
768 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
769 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
770 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
771 Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
772 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
773 Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
774 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
775 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
776 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
777 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
778 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
779 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
780 Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
781 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
782 Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
783 Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
784 Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
785 Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
786 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
787 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
788 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
789 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
790 # Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
791 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
792 Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
793 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
794 Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
795 Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
796 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
797 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
798 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
799 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
800 -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
802 # Venezuela
803 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
804 Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
805 -4:27:44 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time
806 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
807 -4:00 - VET