| blob | 58e790c1c15aa8fca5d1148d4c6711982931cae2 |
1 # @(#)northamerica 7.58
2 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
9 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
10 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
12 ###############################################################################
14 # United States
16 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
17 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
18 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
19 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
20 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
21 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
22 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
23 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
24 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
25 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
27 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
28 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
29 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
30 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
31 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
32 # It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below.
34 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
35 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
36 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
37 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
38 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
39 #
40 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
41 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
42 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
43 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
44 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
45 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
46 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
47 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
48 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
49 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
50 #
51 # -- Robertson Davies, The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), XIX, Sunday
52 #
53 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
54 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
55 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
56 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
57 #
58 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
59 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
60 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
61 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
63 # From Arthur David Olson:
64 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
65 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
66 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
68 # From Arthur David Olson:
69 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
70 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
72 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
73 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
74 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
75 # An AltaVista search turned up
76 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
77 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
78 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
79 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
81 # From Joseph Gallant <notquite@hotmail.com>, citing
82 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
83 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
84 # to switch to London for Atlee's address, but the American people
85 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
86 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
87 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
88 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
89 # London which were to precede Mr. Atlee's speech.
91 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
92 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
93 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
94 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
95 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
96 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
97 Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
98 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
99 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
100 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
101 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
102 Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
103 # <a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:h.r.00177:">
104 # H.R.177
105 # </a> (introduced 1999-01-06) would change April to March in the above rule.
107 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
108 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
109 # old new
110 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
111 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
112 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
113 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
114 #
115 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
116 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
117 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
119 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
120 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
121 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
123 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
124 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
125 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
126 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
127 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
128 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
129 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
130 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
131 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
132 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
133 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
134 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
135 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
136 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
137 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
139 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
140 # The above dates are for 1988.
141 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
142 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
143 # Aleutians.
145 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
146 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
147 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
148 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
149 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
150 # (none)
151 # United States standard eastern time
152 # United States standard mountain time
153 # United States standard central time
154 # United States standard Pacific time
155 # (none)
156 # United States standard Alaska time
157 # (none)
158 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
159 # public law 98-181):
160 # Atlantic standard time
161 # eastern standard time
162 # central standard time
163 # mountain standard time
164 # Pacific standard time
165 # Yukon standard time
166 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
167 # Bering standard time
168 # And after 1983-11-30:
169 # Atlantic standard time
170 # eastern standard time
171 # central standard time
172 # mountain standard time
173 # Pacific standard time
174 # Alaska standard time
175 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
176 # Samoa standard time
177 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
178 #
179 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
180 # Shanks uses 1983-10-30, not 1983-11-30, for the 1983 transitions.
181 # Go with Shanks.
182 #
183 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
184 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
185 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
186 # See the file "australasia".
188 # From Ryan Alessi of the Thousand Oaks Star (2001-02-15) via Rives McDow:
189 # Brad Sherman, D-Sherman Oaks, introduced a bill in Congress on
190 # Wednesday that could have California operating on Denver time as
191 # early as this summer.... The options include keeping
192 # daylight-saving time all year long, or setting clocks back two hours
193 # -- instead of just one -- during the existing daylight-saving time.
196 # US Eastern time, represented by New York
198 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
199 # Georgia, far southeastern Indiana, eastern Kentucky, Maine,
200 # Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North
201 # Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern
202 # Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
204 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
205 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
206 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
207 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
208 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
209 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
210 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
211 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
212 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
213 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
214 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
215 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
216 -5:00 US E%sT
218 # US Central time, represented by Chicago
220 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle, Illinois, western Indiana
221 # corners, Iowa, most of Kansas, western Kentucky, Louisiana,
222 # Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern Nebraska, eastern North
223 # Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota, western Tennessee, most of
224 # Texas, Wisconsin
226 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
227 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
228 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
229 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
230 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
231 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
232 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
233 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
234 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
235 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
236 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
237 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
238 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
239 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
240 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
241 -6:00 US C%sT
243 # US Mountain time, represented by Denver
244 #
245 # Colorado, southern Idaho, far western Kansas, Montana, western
246 # Nebraska, New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
247 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
248 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
249 #
250 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
251 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
252 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
253 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
254 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
255 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
256 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
257 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
258 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
259 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
260 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
261 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
262 -7:00 US M%sT
264 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
265 #
266 # California, northern Idaho, Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
267 #
268 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
269 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
270 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
271 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
272 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
273 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
274 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
275 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
276 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
277 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
278 -8:00 US P%sT
280 # Alaska
281 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
282 #
283 # From Paul Eggert (2001-04-01):
284 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
285 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
286 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
287 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
288 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
289 # the Julian calendar.
290 #
291 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
292 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
293 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
294 -8:00 - PST 1942
295 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
296 -8:00 - PST 1969
297 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
298 -9:00 US AK%sT
299 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
300 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
301 -9:00 - YST 1942
302 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
303 -9:00 - YST 1969
304 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
305 -9:00 US AK%sT
306 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
307 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
308 -10:00 - CAT 1942
309 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
310 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
311 -10:00 - AHST 1969
312 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
313 -9:00 US AK%sT
314 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
315 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
316 -11:00 - NST 1942
317 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
318 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
319 -11:00 - BST 1969
320 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
321 -9:00 US AK%sT
322 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
323 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
324 -11:00 - NST 1942
325 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
326 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
327 -11:00 - BST 1969
328 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
329 -10:00 US HA%sT
330 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
331 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
332 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
333 # These switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
335 # Hawaii
336 #
337 # From Arthur David Olson:
338 # And then there's Hawaii.
339 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
340 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
341 # it's always standard as of 1986.
342 #
343 # From Paul Eggert:
344 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
345 #
346 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
347 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
348 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
349 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
350 -10:00 - HST
352 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
354 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
355 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
356 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
357 -7:00 - MST 1944 Mar 17 00:01
358 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
359 -7:00 - MST 1967
360 -7:00 US M%sT 1968
361 -7:00 - MST
362 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
363 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
364 # notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the
365 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
366 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
367 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
369 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
371 # Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon switched four weeks late in 1974.
372 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
373 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
374 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
375 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
376 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
377 -7:00 US M%sT
379 # Indiana
380 #
381 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
382 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
383 # What time is it in Indiana?
384 # </a> (1999-04-06)
385 #
386 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
387 # Indiana generally observes either EST all year, or CST/CDT,
388 # but areas near Cincinnati and Louisville use those cities' timekeeping
389 # and in 1969 and 1970 the whole state observed daylight time;
390 # and there are other exceptions as noted below.
391 # Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
392 # and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
393 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
394 #
395 # Since 1970, EST-only Indiana has been like America/Indianapolis,
396 # with exceptions noted below for Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties.
397 # The parts of Indiana not listed below have been like America/Chicago,
398 # America/Louisville, or America/New_York.
399 #
400 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
401 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
402 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
403 #
404 # Most of EST-only Indiana last observed DST in 1970.
406 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06), following a tip by Markus Kuhn:
407 # Pam Belluck reported in the New York Times (2001-01-31) that the
408 # Indiana Legislature is considering a bill to adopt DST statewide.
409 # Her article mentioned Vevay, whose post office observes a different
410 # time zone than Danner's Hardware across the street.
412 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
413 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
414 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
415 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
416 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
417 Zone America/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
418 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
419 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
420 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
421 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
422 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
423 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
424 -5:00 - EST 1969
425 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
426 -5:00 - EST
427 Link America/Indianapolis America/Indiana/Indianapolis
428 #
429 # Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
430 # and left its clocks alone in 1974.
431 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
432 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
433 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
434 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
435 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
436 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
437 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
438 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
439 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
440 -5:00 - EST 1969
441 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
442 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
443 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
444 -5:00 - EST
445 #
446 # Starke County, Indiana
447 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
448 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
449 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
450 # 1991-10-27.
451 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
452 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
453 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
454 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
455 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
456 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
457 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
458 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
459 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
460 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
461 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
462 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
463 -5:00 - EST
464 #
465 # Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
466 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
467 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
468 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
469 -5:00 - EST 1969
470 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
471 -5:00 - EST
473 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
474 # This also includes a part of Indiana immediately adjacent to Louisville.
475 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
476 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
477 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
478 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
479 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
480 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
481 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
482 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
483 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
484 Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
485 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
486 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
487 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
488 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
489 -5:00 - EST 1968
490 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
491 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
492 -5:00 US E%sT
493 Link America/Louisville America/Kentucky/Louisville
494 #
495 # Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
496 #
497 # From
498 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
499 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
500 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
501 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
502 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
503 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
504 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
505 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
506 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
507 # location in the Central time zone.
508 #
509 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
510 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
511 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
512 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
513 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
514 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
515 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
516 -6:00 - CST 1968
517 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
518 -5:00 US E%sT
521 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
522 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
523 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
524 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
525 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
526 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
527 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
528 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
529 # There is another change in the offing; Mercer County, ND is looking
530 # to change from MT to CT. It is possible that two other ND counties
531 # (Sioux and Morton) will look to change also. If made, the earliest
532 # a change would be effective is October 2001.
533 #
534 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
535 # FIXME: I haven't yet had time to incorporate all the above changes.
537 # Michigan
538 #
539 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
540 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
541 #
542 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
543 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
544 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
545 # that Detroit kept
546 #
547 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
548 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
549 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
550 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
551 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
552 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
553 # by city vote.
554 #
555 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
556 #
557 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
558 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
559 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
560 # info, so omit this for now.
561 #
562 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
563 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
564 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
565 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
566 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
567 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
568 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
569 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
570 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
571 -5:00 - EST 1942
572 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
573 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
574 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
575 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
576 -5:00 US E%sT
577 #
578 # The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
579 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
580 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
581 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
582 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
583 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
584 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
585 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
586 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
587 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
588 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
589 -6:00 US C%sT
591 # Navassa
592 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
593 # also claimed by Haiti
594 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
595 # US lighthouse 1917/1997-01
596 # currently uninhabited
597 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
598 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
599 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
601 # Old names, for S5 users
603 # Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO
604 Link America/New_York EST5EDT
605 Link America/Chicago CST6CDT
606 Link America/Denver MST7MDT
607 Link America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT
608 Link America/Indianapolis EST
609 Link America/Phoenix MST
610 Link Pacific/Honolulu HST
612 ################################################################################
615 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29):
616 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
617 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
618 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
619 #
620 # Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
621 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
622 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
623 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
624 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
625 #
626 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
627 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
628 #
629 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
630 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
631 # I found in the UCLA library.
632 #
633 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
635 # Canada
637 # From Alain LaBont<e'> <ALB@immedia.ca> (1994-11-14):
638 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
639 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
640 #
641 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
642 # offset French English French English
643 # -2:30 - - HAT NDT
644 # -3 - - HAA ADT
645 # -3:30 HNT NST - -
646 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
647 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
648 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
649 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
650 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
651 # -9 HNY YST - -
652 #
653 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
654 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
655 #
656 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
657 # C: du Centre Central
658 # E: de l'Est Eastern
659 # M: Mountain
660 # N: Newfoundland
661 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
662 # R: des Rocheuses
663 # T: de Terre-Neuve
664 # Y: du Yukon Yukon
665 #
666 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-22):
667 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
669 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks.
671 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
672 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
673 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm">
674 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
675 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
676 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
677 #
678 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
679 # <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html">
680 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
681 # </a> (updated periodically).
682 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
684 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
685 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
686 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
687 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
688 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
689 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
690 Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
691 Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
694 # Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
696 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
697 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
698 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
699 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
700 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
702 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
703 Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
704 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
705 Rule StJohns 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
706 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
707 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
708 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
709 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
710 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
711 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
712 # For 1936-1941 Shanks gives May Mon>=9 and Oct Mon>=2; go with Whitman.
713 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
714 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
715 # Shanks gives 1942 May 11 - 1945 Sep 30; go with Whitman.
716 Rule StJohns 1942 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 W
717 Rule StJohns 1942 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 S
718 Rule StJohns 1943 only - May 30 0:00 1:00 W
719 Rule StJohns 1943 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
720 Rule StJohns 1944 only - Jul 10 0:00 1:00 W
721 Rule StJohns 1944 only - Sep 2 0:00 0 S
722 Rule StJohns 1945 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 W
723 Rule StJohns 1945 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S
724 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
725 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
726 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
727 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
728 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
729 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
730 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
731 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
732 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
733 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
734 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
735 Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
736 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
737 Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
738 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
739 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
740 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
741 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
742 -3:30 StJohns N%sT
745 # most of east Labrador
747 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
748 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
749 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
750 -3:30:52 StJohns NST 1919
751 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
752 -3:30 - NST 1936
753 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
754 -4:00 StJohns A%sT
757 # west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
759 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
760 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax.
761 # Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
762 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
763 # Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
764 # DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
766 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
767 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches
768 # at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this.
771 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
772 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
773 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
774 Rule Halifax 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
775 Rule Halifax 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
776 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
777 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
778 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
779 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
780 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
781 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
782 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
783 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
784 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
785 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
786 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
787 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
788 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
789 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
790 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
791 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
792 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
793 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
794 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
795 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
796 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
797 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
798 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
799 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
800 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
801 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
802 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
803 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
804 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
805 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
806 Rule Halifax 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
807 Rule Halifax 1945 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
808 Rule Halifax 1946 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
809 Rule Halifax 1962 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
810 Rule Halifax 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
811 Rule Halifax 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
812 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
813 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
814 -4:00 Halifax A%sT
815 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
816 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
817 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
818 -4:00 - AST 1972
819 -4:00 Halifax A%sT
822 # Ontario, Quebec
824 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
825 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Montreal.
826 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
827 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
828 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
829 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
831 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
832 # msb@sq.com writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
833 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
834 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
835 # He also writes that the
836 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
837 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
838 # </a>
839 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
840 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
841 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
842 # For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
843 # Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
845 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
846 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
847 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
848 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
849 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
850 # They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
851 # observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
852 # and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
853 # We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
854 # but we don't know when their practices started.
856 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
857 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
858 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
859 Rule Mont 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
860 Rule Mont 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
861 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
862 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
863 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
864 Rule Mont 1920 only - Oct 3 2:30 0 S
865 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
866 Rule Mont 1921 only - Oct 2 2:30 0 S
867 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
868 Rule Mont 1922 only - Oct 1 2:30 0 S
869 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
870 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
871 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
872 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
873 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep Sun>=25 0:00 0 S
874 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr Sun>=25 0:00 1:00 D
875 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
876 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr Sun>=24 0:00 1:00 D
877 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
878 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep Sun>=24 0:00 0 S
879 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
880 Rule Mont 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
881 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
882 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
883 Rule Mont 1957 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
884 Rule Mont 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
885 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
886 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
887 -5:00 Mont E%sT
888 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
889 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
890 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
891 -5:00 - EST 1974
892 -5:00 Canada E%sT
893 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
894 -5:00 Canada E%sT
895 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
896 -6:00 Canada C%sT
899 # Manitoba
901 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
902 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
903 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
904 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
905 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
906 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
907 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
908 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
909 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
910 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
911 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
912 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
913 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
914 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
915 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
916 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
917 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
918 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
919 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
920 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
921 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
922 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
923 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
924 Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
925 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
926 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from
927 # DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
928 Rule Winn 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
929 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
930 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
931 -6:00 Winn C%sT
934 # Saskatchewan
936 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
937 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
938 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
939 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
940 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
941 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
943 # From W. Jones <jones@skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06):
944 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
945 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
946 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
947 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
948 #
949 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
950 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
951 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
952 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
953 #
954 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
955 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
956 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
957 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
958 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
959 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
960 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
961 #
962 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
963 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
964 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
965 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
966 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
967 # since sometime in the 1960s.
969 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
970 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
971 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
972 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
973 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
974 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
975 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
976 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
977 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
978 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
979 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
980 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
981 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
982 Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
983 Rule Regina 1947 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
984 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
985 #
986 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
987 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
988 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
989 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
990 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
991 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
992 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
993 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
994 -6:00 - CST
995 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
996 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
997 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
998 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
999 -6:00 - CST
1002 # Alberta
1004 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1005 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1006 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1007 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1008 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1009 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1010 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1011 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
1012 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1013 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1014 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1015 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1016 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1017 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1018 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1019 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1020 Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1021 Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1022 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1023 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1024 -7:00 Edm M%sT
1027 # British Columbia
1029 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1030 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
1031 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1032 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1034 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1035 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1036 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1037 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
1038 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1039 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1040 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1041 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1042 Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1043 Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1044 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1045 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1046 -8:00 Vanc P%sT
1047 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1048 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1049 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1050 -7:00 - MST
1053 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1055 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
1056 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1057 # Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org> (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1058 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1059 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1060 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1061 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1062 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1063 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1064 # Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
1066 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1067 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1068 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1069 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1070 # </a>
1071 #
1072 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1073 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1074 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1076 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1077 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1078 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1079 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on Eastern time,
1080 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1081 # Pangnirtung switched to Eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1082 # We'll ignore the claim about Coral Harbour for now,
1083 # since we have no further info.
1085 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1086 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1087 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1088 #
1089 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1090 #
1091 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1092 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1093 #
1094 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1095 #
1096 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1097 #
1098 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1099 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1100 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1101 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1102 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1103 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1104 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1105 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1106 # the current state of affairs.
1108 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1109 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1110 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1111 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1112 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1113 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1114 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1116 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1117 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1118 # for these potential new Zones.
1119 #
1120 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1121 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1122 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1123 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1124 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1125 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1126 # required to use daylight savings.
1128 # From
1129 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1130 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1131 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1132 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1133 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1134 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1135 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1136 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1137 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1138 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1139 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1140 # unified time zone in 1999.
1141 #
1142 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1143 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1145 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1146 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1148 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1149 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1150 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1151 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1152 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1153 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1154 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1155 # more.
1156 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1158 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1159 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1160 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1161 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1162 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1163 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
1164 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1165 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1166 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1167 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1168 Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1169 Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1170 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1171 Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
1172 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1173 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1174 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1175 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1176 Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
1177 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1178 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1179 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1180 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
1181 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1182 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1183 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1184 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
1185 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1186 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1187 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1188 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1189 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1190 Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
1191 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT
1192 Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
1193 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1194 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT
1195 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1196 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1197 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT
1198 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1199 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1200 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT
1203 ###############################################################################
1205 # Mexico
1207 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1208 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1209 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1210 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1211 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1212 # </a>.
1213 #
1214 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks and the MLoC.
1215 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1216 # Shanks reports that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1217 # Shanks says the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1218 # Shanks reports no DST during summer 1931.
1219 # Shanks reports a transition at 1032-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1220 # Shanks does not report transitions for Baja in 1945 or 1948.
1221 # Shanks reports southern Mexico transitions on 1981-12-01, not 12-23.
1222 # Shanks says Quintana Roo switched to -6:00 on 1982-12-02, and to -5:00
1223 # on 1997-10-26 at 02:00.
1225 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1226 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1227 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1228 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1229 # the relevant documents.
1231 # From Paul Eggert (2000-07-26):
1232 # Shanks gives 1942-04-01 instead of 1942-04-24, and omits the 1981
1233 # and 1988 DST experiments. Go with spin.com.mx.
1235 # From Alan Perry <alan.perry@eng.sun.com> (1996-02-15):
1236 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1237 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1238 #
1239 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1240 #
1241 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1242 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1243 #
1244 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1245 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1246 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1247 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1248 #
1249 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1250 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1251 # BajaNorte: GMT+7
1252 # BajaSur: GMT+6
1253 # General: GMT+5
1254 #
1255 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1256 # BajaNorte: GMT+8
1257 # BajaSur: GMT+7
1258 # General: GMT+6
1259 #
1260 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1261 #
1262 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1263 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1264 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1265 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1266 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1267 # </a>
1269 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1270 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1271 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1273 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1274 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1275 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1276 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1277 # Arizona year round.
1279 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1280 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1281 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1282 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1283 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1284 # whole year.
1286 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1287 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1288 # (translated):...
1289 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1290 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1291 # this year....
1292 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1293 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1294 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1296 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1297 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1298 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1299 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1300 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1301 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1302 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1303 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1305 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1306 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1307 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1308 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1310 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1311 #
1312 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1313 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1314 # </a>
1315 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1316 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1317 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1318 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1319 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1320 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1321 #
1322 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
1324 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
1325 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
1326 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
1327 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
1328 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
1329 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
1330 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
1331 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
1332 # September 30, 2001.
1333 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
1334 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
1336 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1337 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1338 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1339 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1340 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1341 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W
1342 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1343 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1344 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1345 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1346 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1347 Rule Mexico 2001 max - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1348 Rule Mexico 2001 max - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1349 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1350 # Quintana Roo
1351 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1352 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1353 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1354 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
1355 # Campeche, Yucatan
1356 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1357 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1358 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1359 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
1360 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1361 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1362 -6:00 - CST 1988
1363 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
1364 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
1365 # Central Mexico
1366 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1367 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1368 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1369 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1370 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1371 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1372 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
1373 # Chihuahua
1374 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
1375 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1376 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1377 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1378 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1379 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1380 -6:00 - CST 1996
1381 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
1382 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
1383 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
1384 # Sonora
1385 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
1386 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1387 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1388 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1389 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1390 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1391 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1392 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1393 -8:00 - PST 1970
1394 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
1395 -7:00 - MST
1396 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
1397 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
1398 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1399 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1400 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1401 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1402 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1403 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1404 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1405 -8:00 - PST 1970
1406 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
1407 # Baja California
1408 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
1409 -7:00 - MST 1924
1410 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1411 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
1412 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
1413 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
1414 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
1415 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Nov 12
1416 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
1417 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
1418 -8:00 - PST 1954
1419 -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
1420 -8:00 - PST 1976
1421 -8:00 US P%sT 1996
1422 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
1423 -8:00 US P%sT
1424 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1425 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
1426 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
1427 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks. However, Guy Harris reports
1428 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
1429 # Tijuana observe DST," which contradicts Shanks but does imply that
1430 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
1431 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
1432 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
1433 # name or contents should be.
1434 #
1435 # Revillagigedo Is
1436 # no information
1438 ###############################################################################
1440 # Anguilla
1441 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1442 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1443 -4:00 - AST
1445 # Antigua and Barbuda
1446 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1447 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1448 -5:00 - EST 1951
1449 -4:00 - AST
1451 # Bahamas
1452 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1453 Rule Bahamas 1964 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1454 Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1455 Rule Bahamas 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1456 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1457 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1458 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT
1460 # Barbados
1461 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1462 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
1463 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1464 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
1465 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1466 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
1467 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1468 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
1469 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
1470 -4:00 Barb A%sT
1472 # Belize
1473 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks.
1474 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1475 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
1476 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
1477 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
1478 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
1479 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
1480 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
1481 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1482 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
1483 -6:00 Belize C%sT
1485 # Bermuda
1486 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1487 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
1488 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1489 -4:00 Bahamas A%sT
1491 # Cayman Is
1492 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1493 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
1494 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1495 -5:00 - EST
1497 # Costa Rica
1498 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1499 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1500 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1501 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1502 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00; go with Shanks.
1503 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
1504 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
1505 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
1506 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1507 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
1508 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
1509 -6:00 CR C%sT
1510 # Coco
1511 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
1513 # Cuba
1515 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
1516 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
1517 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
1518 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
1519 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
1520 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
1521 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
1522 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
1523 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
1524 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
1526 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1527 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
1528 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
1529 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1530 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1531 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1532 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1533 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1534 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1535 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
1536 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1537 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
1538 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1539 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
1540 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1541 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1542 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
1543 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1544 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
1545 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1546 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1547 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
1548 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
1549 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1550 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
1551 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
1552 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
1553 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
1554 Rule Cuba 1998 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
1555 Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
1557 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1558 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
1559 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
1560 -5:00 Cuba C%sT
1562 # Dominica
1563 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1564 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
1565 -4:00 - AST
1567 # Dominican Republic
1569 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
1570 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
1571 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
1572 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
1574 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1575 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
1577 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
1578 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
1579 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
1580 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
1581 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
1582 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
1583 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
1584 # decided to revert.
1587 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1588 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
1589 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
1590 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
1591 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
1592 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
1593 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
1594 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1595 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
1596 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
1597 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
1598 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
1599 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
1600 -4:00 - AST
1602 # El Salvador
1603 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1604 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1605 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1606 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so we'll use `El Salvador'.
1607 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1608 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
1609 -6:00 Salv C%sT
1611 # Grenada
1612 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1613 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
1614 -4:00 - AST
1616 # Guadeloupe
1617 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1618 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
1619 -4:00 - AST
1621 # Guatemala
1622 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1623 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
1624 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
1625 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
1626 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1627 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
1628 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
1629 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1630 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
1631 -6:00 Guat C%sT
1633 # Haiti
1634 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1635 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
1636 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1637 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1638 # Shanks says AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s. Go with IATA.
1639 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
1640 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
1641 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1642 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
1643 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
1644 -5:00 Haiti E%sT
1646 # Honduras
1647 # Shanks says 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
1648 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1649 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
1650 -6:00 Salv C%sT
1651 #
1652 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
1654 # Jamaica
1656 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1657 # Follows US rules.
1659 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
1660 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
1662 # From Shanks:
1663 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1664 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
1665 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1666 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1667 -5:00 US E%sT 1984
1668 -5:00 - EST
1670 # Martinique
1671 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1672 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
1673 -4:04 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
1674 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
1675 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
1676 -4:00 - AST
1678 # Montserrat
1679 # From Paul Eggert (1997-08-31):
1680 # Recent volcanic eruptions have forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
1681 # Luckily, Olveston, the current de facto capital, has the same longitude.
1682 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1683 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Olveston
1684 -4:00 - AST
1686 # Nicaragua
1687 #
1688 # From Steffen Thorsen (1998-12-29):
1689 # Nicaragua seems to be back at -6:00 but I have not been able to find when
1690 # they changed from -5:00.
1691 #
1692 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1693 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
1694 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
1695 Rule Nic 1992 only - Jan 1 4:00 1:00 D
1696 Rule Nic 1992 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
1697 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1698 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
1699 -5:45 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time
1700 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
1701 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
1702 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1993 Jan 1 4:00
1703 -5:00 - EST 1998 Dec
1704 -6:00 - CST
1706 # Panama
1707 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1708 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
1709 -5:20 - PMT 1908 Apr 22 # Panama Mean Time
1710 -5:00 - EST
1712 # Puerto Rico
1713 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
1714 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1715 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
1716 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
1717 -4:00 1:00 AWT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1718 -4:00 - AST
1720 # St Kitts-Nevis
1721 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1722 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
1723 -4:00 - AST
1725 # St Lucia
1726 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1727 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
1728 -4:04 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
1729 -4:00 - AST
1731 # St Pierre and Miquelon
1732 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
1733 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1734 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
1735 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
1736 -3:00 Mont PM%sT # Pierre & Miquelon Time
1738 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
1739 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1740 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
1741 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
1742 -4:00 - AST
1744 # Turks and Caicos
1745 # From Paul Eggert (1998-08-06):
1746 # Shanks says they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
1747 # says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
1748 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1749 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1750 Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1751 Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1752 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1753 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
1754 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1755 -5:00 TC E%sT
1757 # British Virgin Is
1758 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1759 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
1760 -4:00 - AST
1762 # Virgin Is
1763 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1764 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
1765 -4:00 - AST