| blob | 2d7520aeb45c10329f09c313ac7d7df92fabfc13 |
1 # @(#)asia 7.63
3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
8 #
9 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
11 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
12 #
13 # Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
14 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
15 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
16 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
17 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
18 #
19 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
20 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
21 #
22 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
23 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
24 # I found in the UCLA library.
25 #
26 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
27 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
28 #
29 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
30 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
31 # Corrections are welcome!
32 # std dst
33 # LMT Local Mean Time
34 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
35 # 2:00 IST IDT Israel
36 # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
37 # 4:00 GST Gulf*
38 # 5:30 IST India
39 # 7:00 ICT Indochina*
40 # 8:00 CST China
41 # 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
42 # 9:00 JST Japan
43 # 9:00 KST Korea
44 # 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
45 #
46 # See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
48 # From Guy Harris:
49 # Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
50 # additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
51 # Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
52 # Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
54 ###############################################################################
56 # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
57 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
58 Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
59 Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
60 Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
61 Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
62 Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
63 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
64 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
65 Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
66 Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
67 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
68 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
69 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
70 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
71 Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
73 # Afghanistan
74 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
75 Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
76 4:00 - AFT 1945
77 4:30 - AFT
79 # Armenia
80 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
81 # Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
82 # then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997.
83 # Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
84 # <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
85 # in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
86 # Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
87 # but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
88 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
89 Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
90 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
91 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
92 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
93 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
94 4:00 - AMT 1997
95 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT
97 # Azerbaijan
98 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
99 Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S
100 Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 -
101 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
102 Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
103 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
104 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
105 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
106 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s
107 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
108 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
109 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
111 # Bahrain
112 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
113 Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
114 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
115 3:00 - AST
117 # Bangladesh
118 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
119 Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
120 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
121 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
122 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
123 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
124 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
125 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time
127 # Bhutan
128 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
129 Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
130 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
131 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
133 # British Indian Ocean Territory
134 # From Whitman:
135 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
136 Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT # BIOT Time
138 # Brunei
139 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
140 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
141 7:30 - BNT 1933
142 8:00 - BNT
144 # Burma / Myanmar
145 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
146 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
147 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
148 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
149 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
150 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
152 # Cambodia
153 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
154 Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
155 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
156 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
157 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
158 7:00 - ICT
160 # China
162 # From Guy Harris:
163 # People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
165 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
166 # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
167 # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
168 # Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
169 # has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
170 # the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
171 #
172 # . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
173 # painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
174 # DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
175 #
176 # 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
177 # 1987 mid-April - ??
179 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
180 # CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
181 # CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
183 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
184 # Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
185 # observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
186 # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
187 # Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.
189 # From Shanks:
190 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
191 Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
192 Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
193 Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
194 Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
195 Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
196 Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
197 Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
198 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
199 Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
200 8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time
201 8:00 - CST 1940
202 9:00 - HART 1966 May
203 8:30 - HART 1980 May
204 8:00 PRC C%sT
205 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
206 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
207 8:00 PRC C%sT
208 Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chongqing
209 7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time
210 8:00 PRC C%sT
211 Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
212 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
213 8:00 PRC C%sT
214 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
215 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
216 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
217 8:00 PRC C%sT
218 # Hong Kong (Xianggang)
219 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
220 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
221 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
222 Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
223 Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
224 Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
225 Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
226 Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
227 Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
228 Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
229 Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
230 Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
231 Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
232 Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
233 Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
234 Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
235 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
236 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
237 8:00 HK HK%sT
240 ###############################################################################
242 # Taiwan
244 # Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
245 # was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
246 # have any other information.
248 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
249 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
250 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
251 Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
252 Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
253 Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
254 Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
255 Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
256 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
257 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
258 Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
259 Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
260 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
261 Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896
262 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
264 # Macao (Macau, Aomen)
265 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
266 Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
267 Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
268 Rule Macao 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
269 Rule Macao 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
270 Rule Macao 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
271 Rule Macao 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
272 Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
273 Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
274 Rule Macao 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
275 Rule Macao 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
276 Rule Macao 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
277 Rule Macao 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
278 Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
279 Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
280 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
281 Zone Asia/Macao 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
282 8:00 Macao MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
283 8:00 PRC C%sT
286 ###############################################################################
288 # Cyprus
289 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
290 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
291 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
292 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
293 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
294 Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
295 Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
296 Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
297 Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
298 Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
299 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
300 Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
301 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
302 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
303 # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
305 # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
306 # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
307 Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
309 # Georgia
310 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19):
311 # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
312 # an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
313 # an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
314 # We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
315 #
316 # From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
317 # Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
318 # will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
319 # President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
320 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
321 Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
322 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
323 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
324 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
325 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
326 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
327 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
328 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
329 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
330 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT
332 # East Timor
334 # From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
335 # <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm">
336 # East Timor may be late for its millennium
337 # </a> (1999-12-26/31):
338 # Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
339 # rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
340 # Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
341 # conflicts with their way of life.
343 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
344 # We don't have any record of the above attempt.
345 # Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
347 # <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html">
348 # From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
349 # (2000-08-16)</a>:
350 # The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
351 # today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
352 # which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
353 # midnight on Saturday, September 16.
355 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
356 Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
357 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
358 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
359 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3
360 8:00 - TPT 2000 Sep 17 00:00
361 9:00 - TPT
363 # India
364 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
365 Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880
366 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
367 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
368 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
369 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
370 5:30 - IST
371 # The following are like Asia/Calcutta:
372 # Andaman Is
373 # Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
374 # Nicobar Is
376 # Indonesia
377 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
378 Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
379 # Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
380 # but this must be a typo.
381 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
382 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
383 7:30 - JAVT 1942 Mar 23
384 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
385 7:30 - JAVT 1948 May
386 8:00 - JAVT 1950 May
387 7:30 - JAVT 1964
388 7:00 - JAVT
389 Zone Asia/Ujung_Pandang 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
390 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
391 8:00 - BORT 1942 Feb 9 # Borneo Time
392 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
393 8:00 - BORT
394 Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
395 9:00 - JAYT 1944 # Jayapura Time
396 9:30 - CST 1964
397 9:00 - JAYT
399 # Iran
400 # From Paul Eggert (2000-06-12), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales:
401 # Ahmea Alavi in
402 # <a href="http://www.persia.org/Iran_Lib/Calendar/taghveem.txt">
403 # TAGHVEEM (1993-07-12)
404 # </a>
405 # writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day
406 # of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.'' This disagrees with the SSIM:
407 #
408 # DST start DST end
409 # year SSIM Alavi SSIM Alavi
410 # 1991 05-03!= 03-21 09-20!= 09-23
411 # 1992 03-22!= 03-21 09-23 09-23
412 # 1993 03-21 03-21 09-23 09-23
413 # 1994 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
414 # 1995 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
415 # 1996 03-21!= 03-20 09-22 09-22
416 # 1997 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
417 # 1998 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23
418 # 1999 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
419 # 2000 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22
420 # 2001 03-19!= 03-21 09-19!= 09-23
421 # 2002 03-18!= 03-21 09-18!= 09-23
422 #
423 # Go with Alavi starting with 1992.
424 # I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates.
425 # The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050
426 # are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
427 #
428 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
429 Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
430 Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
431 Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 -
432 Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
433 Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S
434 Rule Iran 1991 only - Sep 20 0:00s 0 -
435 Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
436 Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
437 Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
438 Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
439 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
440 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
441 Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
442 Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
443 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
444 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
445 Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
446 Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
447 Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
448 Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
449 Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
450 Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
451 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
452 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
453 Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
454 Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
455 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
456 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
457 Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
458 Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
459 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
460 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
461 Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
462 Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
463 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
464 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
465 Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
466 Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
467 Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
468 Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
469 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
470 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
471 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
472 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
473 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
474 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
475 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
476 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
477 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
478 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
479 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
480 Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
481 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
482 3:30 - IRT 1977 Nov
483 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
484 3:30 Iran IR%sT
487 # Iraq
488 #
489 # From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12):
490 # An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
491 # the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
492 # "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
493 # are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
494 #
495 # But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
496 # In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
497 # Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
498 # to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
499 # in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
500 #
501 # So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
503 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
504 Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
505 Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
506 Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
507 Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
508 Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
509 Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
510 # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
511 # Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this.
512 Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
513 Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
514 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
515 Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
516 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
517 3:00 - AST 1982 May
518 3:00 Iraq A%sT
521 ###############################################################################
523 # Israel
525 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
526 #
527 # I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three
528 # different abbreviations in use:
529 #
530 # JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University]
531 # IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion]
532 # EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]
533 #
534 # Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities,
535 # I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe,
536 # EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with
537 # any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go
538 # and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone
539 # settings in Israeli computers.
540 #
541 # In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India,
542 # high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
543 # family is from India).
545 # From Shanks:
546 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
547 Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
548 Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
549 Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
550 Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
551 Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
552 Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
553 Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
554 Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
555 Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
556 Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
557 Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
558 Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
559 Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
560 Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
561 Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
562 Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
563 Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
564 Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
565 Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
566 Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
567 Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
568 Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
569 Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
570 Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
571 Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
572 Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
573 Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
574 Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
575 Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
576 Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
577 Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
578 Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
579 Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
580 Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
581 Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
582 Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
583 Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
584 Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
585 Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
586 Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
588 # From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il>
589 # (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25):
591 # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
592 # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
593 # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
594 # days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
595 # daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
596 # 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
597 # Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
598 # time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
599 # time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
600 # conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
601 # daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
602 # 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
603 # was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
604 # 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
605 # similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
606 # will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
607 # changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
608 # rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
609 # (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
610 # of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
611 # (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
612 # (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
614 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
615 Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
616 Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
617 Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
618 Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
619 Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
620 Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
621 Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
622 Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
623 Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
624 Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
626 # The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
627 # Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
628 # calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
630 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
631 Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
632 Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
633 Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
634 Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
636 # The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
637 # time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
638 # (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
639 #
640 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
641 #
642 # The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
643 #
644 # The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
645 #
646 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
647 #
648 # where YYYY is the relevant year.
650 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
651 Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
652 Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
653 Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
654 Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
655 Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
656 Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
657 Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
658 Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
660 # The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
661 # the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
662 # years 2001-2004 as well.
663 #
664 # The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
665 #
666 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
667 #
668 # The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
669 # for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
670 #
671 # ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
673 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
674 Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
675 Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
676 Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
677 Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
678 Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
679 Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
680 Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
681 Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
682 Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
683 Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
685 # From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25):
686 # Here are guesses for rules after 2004.
687 # They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all.
688 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
689 Rule Zion 2005 max - Apr 1 1:00 1:00 D
690 Rule Zion 2005 max - Oct 1 1:00 0 S
692 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
693 Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
694 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
695 2:00 Zion I%sT
698 ###############################################################################
700 # Japan
702 # `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
704 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06):
705 # Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
706 # daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
707 # because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
708 # Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows:
709 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
710 #Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
711 #Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
712 #Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
713 #Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
714 # but the only locations using it were US military bases.
715 # We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo.
717 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
718 # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
719 # Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
720 # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
721 # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
722 # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
723 # The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
725 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
726 # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
727 # which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
728 # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
729 # standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
730 # time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
731 # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
732 # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
733 # standard....
734 #
735 # I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
736 # In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
738 # Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki)
739 # use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
741 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
742 Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
743 9:00 - JST 1896
744 9:00 - CJT 1938
745 9:00 - JST
746 # Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
748 # Jordan
749 #
750 # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
751 # Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
752 # Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
753 # in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
754 # all year round.
755 #
756 # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
757 # Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
758 # Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
759 # by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
760 # The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
761 # government's departments from six to seven hours.
762 #
763 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
764 Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
765 Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
766 Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
767 Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
768 Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
769 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
770 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
771 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
772 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
773 Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
774 Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
775 Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
776 Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
777 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
778 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
779 Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
780 Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
781 Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
782 Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
783 Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
784 Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
785 Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
786 Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
787 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
788 Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
789 2:00 Jordan EE%sT
791 # Kazakhstan
792 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
793 # Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
794 # stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
795 # and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
796 # Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
797 # IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
798 #
799 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
800 Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
801 5:00 - ALMT 1957 Mar # Alma-Ata Time
802 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
803 5:00 1:00 ALMST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
804 5:00 - ALMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
805 6:00 E-EurAsia ALM%sT
806 Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
807 4:00 - AKT 1957 Mar # Aktyubinsk Time
808 5:00 RussiaAsia AK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
809 4:00 1:00 AKTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
810 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtobe Time
811 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
812 Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aktau
813 4:00 - SHET 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko Time
814 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
815 4:00 1:00 AQTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
816 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtau Time
817 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun
818 4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
820 # Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
821 # Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks.
822 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
823 Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S
824 Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
825 Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
826 Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
827 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
828 Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
829 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
830 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
831 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
832 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time
834 ###############################################################################
836 # Korea (North and South)
838 # From Guy Harris:
839 # According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco,
840 # Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know
841 # at what time of day DST starts or ends.
843 # From Shanks:
844 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
845 Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
846 Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
847 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D
848 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S
850 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
851 Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
852 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
853 9:00 - KST 1928
854 8:30 - KST 1932
855 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
856 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
857 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
858 9:00 ROK K%sT
859 Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
860 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
861 9:00 - KST 1928
862 8:30 - KST 1932
863 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
864 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
865 9:00 - KST
867 ###############################################################################
869 # Kuwait
870 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
871 Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
872 3:00 - AST
874 # Laos
875 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
876 Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
877 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
878 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
879 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
880 7:00 - ICT
882 # Lebanon
883 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
884 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
885 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
886 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
887 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
888 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
889 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
890 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
891 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
892 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
893 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
894 Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
895 Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
896 Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
897 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
898 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
899 Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
900 Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
901 Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
902 Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
903 Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
904 Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
905 Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
906 Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
907 Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
908 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
909 Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
910 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
912 # Malaysia
913 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
914 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS
915 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
916 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
917 Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880
918 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
919 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
920 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
921 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
922 7:20 - MALT 1950
923 7:30 - MALT 1982 May
924 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
925 Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
926 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
927 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942
928 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
929 8:00 - BORT 1982 May
930 8:00 - MYT
932 # Maldives
933 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
934 Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
935 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
936 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
938 # Mongolia
940 # Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map
941 # Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01)
942 # both say that it has just one.
944 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
945 # <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
946 # General Information Mongolia
947 # </a> (1999-09)
948 # "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
949 # Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
950 # the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
951 # eight hours."
953 # From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
954 # Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
955 # being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
956 # unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
957 # of implementation may have been different....
958 # Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
959 # zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
960 # Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
962 # From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
963 # For now, we'll comment out the east zone (Choybalsan)
964 # and use Shanks's and the IATA's data for the daylight-saving rules.
965 # Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
966 # We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
967 # the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
968 # and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
969 # is good enough for our purposes.
971 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
972 Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
973 Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
974 Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
975 Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 -
976 Rule Mongol 1991 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
977 Rule Mongol 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
978 # IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25; go with Shanks.
979 Rule Mongol 1996 only - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
980 Rule Mongol 1997 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
981 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
983 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
984 Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
985 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
986 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
987 Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
988 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
989 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
990 # We're not sure about this entry yet, so we'll omit it for now.
991 #Zone Asia/Choybalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
992 # 8:00 - CHOT 1978 # Choybalsan Time
993 # 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 19??
994 # 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
996 # Nepal
997 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
998 Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
999 5:30 - IST 1986
1000 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
1002 # Oman
1003 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1004 Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920
1005 4:00 - GST
1007 # Pakistan
1008 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1009 Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
1010 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
1011 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
1012 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
1013 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
1014 5:00 - PKT # Pakistan Time
1016 # Palestine
1018 # From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15):
1019 #
1020 # From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
1021 # known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
1022 # Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
1023 #
1024 # The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
1025 # (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
1026 # time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
1027 # though.
1028 #
1029 # The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
1030 # annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
1031 # the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
1032 # Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
1033 # towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
1034 # East Jerusalem.
1035 #
1036 # Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
1037 # for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
1038 # have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
1039 # of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
1040 # time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
1041 #
1042 # The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
1043 # towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
1044 # demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
1045 # summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
1046 # know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
1047 # Jordanian one).
1048 #
1049 # To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
1050 #
1051 # Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
1052 # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
1053 # Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
1054 # West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
1055 # Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
1056 #
1057 # I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
1058 # have one).
1060 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
1061 # Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go
1062 # with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
1063 # and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
1064 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
1065 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
1066 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
1067 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
1068 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
1069 # to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please
1070 # send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions.
1072 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
1073 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
1074 #
1075 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
1076 # last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
1077 # one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
1078 # the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
1080 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1081 # Daoud Kuttab writes in
1082 # <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
1083 # Holiday havoc
1084 # </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
1085 # the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
1086 # I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
1087 # For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
1088 # and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
1090 # The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
1091 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1092 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1093 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1094 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1095 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
1096 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
1097 Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
1099 Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
1100 Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1102 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1103 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
1104 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
1105 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
1106 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
1107 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
1108 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
1110 # Paracel Is
1111 # no information
1113 # Philippines
1114 # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the
1115 # Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
1116 # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
1117 # transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
1118 # The rest of this data is from Shanks.
1119 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1120 Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
1121 Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
1122 Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
1123 Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
1124 Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
1125 Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
1126 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1127 Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
1128 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
1129 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
1130 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
1131 8:00 Phil PH%sT
1133 # Qatar
1134 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1135 Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
1136 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
1137 3:00 - AST
1139 # Saudi Arabia
1140 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1141 Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
1142 3:00 - AST
1144 # Singapore
1145 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1146 Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880
1147 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
1148 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
1149 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
1150 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
1151 7:20 - MALT 1950
1152 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
1153 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time
1154 8:00 - SGT
1156 # Spratly Is
1157 # no information
1159 # Sri Lanka
1160 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
1161 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
1162 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
1163 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
1164 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
1165 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
1166 #
1167 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
1168 # by Shamindra in
1169 # <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
1170 # Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
1171 # </a>:
1172 # With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
1173 # Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
1175 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1176 Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
1177 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
1178 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
1179 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
1180 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
1181 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
1182 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
1183 6:00 - LKT
1185 # Syria
1186 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1187 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1188 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
1189 Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
1190 Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1191 Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1192 Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1193 Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1194 Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1195 Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
1196 Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1197 Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1198 Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
1199 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
1200 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1201 Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
1202 Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
1203 Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
1204 Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
1205 Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
1206 Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1207 Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1208 Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
1209 Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1210 Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1211 Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1212 Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
1213 Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1214 Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
1215 # IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
1216 # (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
1217 # 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
1218 # ignore all these claims and go with Shanks.
1219 Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1220 Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1221 Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
1222 Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1223 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1224 Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
1225 2:00 Syria EE%sT
1227 # Tajikistan
1228 # From Shanks.
1229 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1230 Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1231 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
1232 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1233 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
1234 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
1236 # Thailand
1237 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1238 Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
1239 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
1240 7:00 - ICT
1242 # Turkmenistan
1243 # From Shanks.
1244 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1245 Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
1246 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
1247 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
1248 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
1249 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1250 5:00 - TMT
1252 # United Arab Emirates
1253 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1254 Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
1255 4:00 - GST
1257 # Uzbekistan
1258 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1259 Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1260 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
1261 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
1262 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
1263 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time
1264 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1265 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1266 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1267 5:00 - UZT
1268 Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1269 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
1270 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1271 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1272 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1273 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1274 5:00 - UZT
1276 # Vietnam
1277 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
1278 # Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
1279 # We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
1280 # From Shanks:
1281 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1282 Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
1283 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1284 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1285 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1286 7:00 - ICT
1288 # Yemen
1289 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1290 Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950
1291 3:00 - AST