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1 # @(#)africa 7.7
3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
8 #
9 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
11 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
12 # Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below.
13 #
14 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
15 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
16 # I found in the UCLA library.
17 #
18 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
19 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude,
20 # Oxford University Press (1980).
21 #
22 # I added so many Zone names that the old, mostly flat name space was unwieldy.
23 # So I renamed the Zones to have the form AREA/LOCATION, where
24 # AREA is the name of a continent or ocean, and
25 # LOCATION is the name of a specific location within that region.
26 # For example, the old zone name `Egypt' is now `Africa/Cairo'.
27 #
28 # Here are the general rules I used for choosing location names,
29 # in decreasing order of importance:
30 #
31 # Use only valid Posix file names. Use only Ascii letters, digits, `.',
32 # `-' and `_'. Do not exceed 14 characters or start with `-'.
33 # E.g. prefer `Brunei' to `Bandar_Seri_Begawan'.
34 # Include at least one location per time zone rule set per country.
35 # One such location is enough.
36 # If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative;
37 # e.g. many cities are named San Jose and Georgetown, so
38 # prefer `Costa_Rica' to `San_Jose' and `Guyana' to `Georgetown'.
39 # Keep locations compact. Use cities or small islands, not countries
40 # or regions, so that any future time zone changes do not split
41 # locations into different time zones. E.g. prefer `Paris'
42 # to `France', since France has had multiple time zones.
43 # Use traditional English spelling, e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Roma', and
44 # prefer `Athens' to the true name (which uses Greek letters).
45 # The Posix file name restrictions encourage this rule.
46 # Use the most populous among locations in a country's time zone,
47 # e.g. prefer `Shanghai' to `Beijing'. Among locations with
48 # similar populations, pick the best-known location,
49 # e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Milan'.
50 # Use the singular form, e.g. prefer `Canary' to `Canaries'.
51 # Omit common suffixes like `_Islands' and `_City', unless that
52 # would lead to ambiguity. E.g. prefer `Cayman' to
53 # `Cayman_Islands' and `Guatemala' to `Guatemala_City',
54 # but prefer `Mexico_City' to `Mexico' because the country
55 # of Mexico has several time zones.
56 # Use `_' to represent a space.
57 # Omit `.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer `St_Helena'
58 # to `St._Helena'.
59 #
60 # We typically use traditional English time zone abbreviations,
61 # and assume that applications translate them to other languages
62 # as part of the normal localization process.
63 #
64 # I made up the following time zone abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
65 # LMT Local Mean Time
66 # -2:00 CVT Cape Verde Time (no longer used)
67 # -1:00 AAT Atlantic Africa Time
68 # 0:00 WAT West Africa Time
69 # 1:00 CAT Central Africa Time
70 # 2:00 SAT South Africa Time
71 # 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
72 # 4:00 SMT Seychelles and Mascarene Time
73 # The final `T' is replaced by `ST' for summer time, e.g. `SAST'.
74 # BEAT is British East Africa Time, which was 2:30 before 1948 and 2:45 after.
77 # Algeria
78 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
79 Rule Algeria 1911 only - Jan 1 0:00s 0 -
80 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
81 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun<=7 23:00s 0 -
82 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
83 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
84 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
85 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
86 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
87 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
88 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
89 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
90 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
91 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon<=7 2:00 1:00 " DST"
92 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
93 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
94 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
95 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
96 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 " DST"
97 Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
98 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 " DST"
99 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
100 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 " DST"
101 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
102 # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
103 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
104 Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
105 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
106 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1940 Feb 25 2:00
107 1:00 Algeria MET%s 1946 Oct 7
108 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29
109 1:00 - MET 1963 Apr 14
110 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1977 Oct 21
111 1:00 Algeria MET%s 1979 Oct 26
112 0:00 Algeria WET%s 1981 May
113 1:00 - MET
115 # Angola
116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
117 Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
118 0:52 - LMT 1911 May 26 # Luanda Mean Time
119 1:00 - CAT
121 # Benin
122 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks.
123 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
124 Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
125 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
126 1:00 - CAT
128 # Botswana
129 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
130 Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
131 2:00 - SAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
132 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
133 2:00 - SAT
135 # Burkina Faso
136 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
137 Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
138 0:00 - WAT
140 # Burundi
141 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
142 Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
143 2:00 - SAT
145 # Cameroon
146 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks.
147 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
148 Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
149 1:00 - CAT
151 # Cape Verde
152 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
153 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
154 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep
155 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
156 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
157 -1:00 - AAT
159 # Central African Republic
160 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
161 Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
162 1:00 - CAT
164 # Chad
165 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
166 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
167 1:00 - CAT 1979 Oct 14
168 1:00 1:00 CAST 1980 Mar 8
169 1:00 - CAT
171 # Comoros
172 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
173 Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
174 3:00 - EAT
176 # Congo
177 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
178 Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
179 1:00 - CAT
181 # Cote D'Ivoire
182 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
183 Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
184 0:00 - WAT
186 # Djibouti
187 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
188 Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
189 3:00 - EAT
191 ###############################################################################
193 # Egypt
195 # From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
196 # Egypt: DST from first day of May to first of October (ending may
197 # also be on Sept 30th not 31st -- you might want to ask one of the
198 # soc.* groups, you might hit someone who could ask an embassy).
199 # DST since 1960 except for 1981-82.
201 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989):
202 # EGYPT 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
203 # EGYPT 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAY 17 - SEP 30 (AFTER
204 # EGYPT RAMADAN)
206 # From Shanks (1991):
207 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
208 Rule Egypt 1900 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
209 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 " DST"
210 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
211 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 " DST"
212 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
213 Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"
214 Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 -
215 Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
216 Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 " DST"
217 Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 " DST"
218 Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
219 Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"
220 Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST"
221 Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
222 Rule Egypt 1966 max - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
223 Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 " DST"
224 Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 " DST"
225 Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST"
226 Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 " DST"
227 Rule Egypt 1990 max - May 1 1:00 1:00 " DST"
228 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
229 Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct
230 2:00 Egypt EET%s
232 # Equatorial Guinea
233 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
234 Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
235 0:00 - WAT 1963 Dec 15
236 1:00 - CAT
238 # Eritrea
239 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
240 Zone Africa/Asmera 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
241 2:36 - AMT 1890 # Asmera Mean Time
242 2:35 - AAMT 1936 May 5 # Addis Ababa MT
243 3:00 - EAT
245 # Ethiopia
246 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
247 Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
248 2:35 - AAMT 1936 May 5 # Addis Ababa MT
249 3:00 - EAT
251 # Gabon
252 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
253 Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
254 1:00 - CAT
256 # Gambia
257 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
258 Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
259 -1:07 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
260 -1:00 - AAT 1964
261 0:00 - WAT
263 # Ghana
264 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
265 # WATDT is my invention for ``West Africa one-Third Daylight Time''.
266 # From Shanks (1991):
267 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
268 Rule Ghana 1918 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 WAT
269 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks.
270 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 WATDT
271 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 WAT
272 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
273 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
274 0:00 Ghana %s
276 # Guinea
277 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
278 Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
279 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
280 1:00 - CAT 1960
281 0:00 - WAT
283 # Guinea-Bissau
284 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
285 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
286 1:00 - CAT 1975
287 0:00 - WAT
289 # Kenya
290 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
291 # Shanks says the transition to 2:45 was in 1940, but it must have been 1948.
292 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
293 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
294 3:00 - EAT 1930
295 2:30 - BEAT 1948
296 2:45 - BEAT 1960
297 3:00 - EAT
299 # Lesotho
300 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
301 Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
302 2:00 - SAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
303 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
304 2:00 - SAT
306 # Liberia
307 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
308 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
309 # from a GMT offset that was not a multiple of 15 minutes.
310 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
311 # Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks.
312 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman
313 # each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
314 #
315 # From Shanks (1991), as corrected by Whitman:
316 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
317 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
318 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
319 -0:44:30 - LST 1972 May # Liberia Standard Time
320 0:00 - WAT
322 ###############################################################################
324 # Libya
326 # From Bob Devine (January 28 1988):
327 # Libya: Since 1982 April 1st to September 30th (?)
329 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (January 19, 1989):
330 # LIBYAN ARAB 1 H AHEAD OF UTC JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
331 # LIBYAN ARAB 2 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
333 # From Shanks (1991):
334 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
335 Rule Libya 1920 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
336 Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 " DST"
337 Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
338 Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 " DST"
339 Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
340 Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 " DST"
341 Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
342 Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"
343 Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
344 Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 " DST"
345 Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 " DST"
346 Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
347 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"
348 Rule Libya 1987 1990 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
349 Rule Libya 1990 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 " DST"
350 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
351 # Here's a guess for years starting with 1991.
352 Rule Libya 1991 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"
353 Rule Libya 1991 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
355 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
356 Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
357 1:00 Libya MET%s 1959
358 2:00 - EET 1982
359 1:00 Libya MET%s
361 # Madagascar
362 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
363 Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
364 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
365 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
366 3:00 - EAT
368 # Malawi
369 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
370 Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
371 2:00 - SAT
373 # Mali
374 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
375 Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
376 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
377 -1:00 - AAT 1960 Jun 20
378 0:00 - WAT
379 # no longer different from Bamako, but too famous to omit
380 Zone Africa/Timbuktu -0:12:04 - LMT 1912
381 0:00 - WAT
383 # Mauritania
384 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
385 Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
386 0:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
387 -1:00 - AAT 1960 Jun 20
388 0:00 - WAT
390 # Mauritius
391 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
392 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
393 4:00 - SMT
394 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
395 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
397 # Mayotte
398 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
399 Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:01:08 - LMT 1911 Jul # Dzaoudzi
400 3:00 - EAT
402 # Morocco
403 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
404 Rule Morocco 1913 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 -
405 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 " DST"
406 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
407 Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 " DST"
408 Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 -
409 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 " DST"
410 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 -
411 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 " DST"
412 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
413 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 " DST"
414 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
415 Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"
416 Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
417 Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
418 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"
419 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
420 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
421 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
422 0:00 Morocco WET%s 1984 Mar 16
423 1:00 - MET 1986
424 0:00 - WET
425 # The following are controlled by Spain, and are like Europe/Madrid:
426 # Alboran, Alhucemas Is, Ceuta, Chafarinas Is, Mellila.
428 # Mozambique
429 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
430 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
431 2:00 - SAT
433 # Namibia
434 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
435 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
436 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
437 2:00 - SAT 1942 Sep 20 2:00
438 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
439 2:00 - SAT
441 # Niger
442 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
443 Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
444 1:00 - CAT 1934 Feb 26
445 0:00 - WAT 1960
446 1:00 - CAT
448 # Nigeria
449 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
450 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
451 1:00 - CAT
453 # Reunion
454 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
455 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # St Denis
456 4:00 - SMT
458 # Rwanda
459 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
460 Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
461 2:00 - SAT
463 # St Helena
464 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
465 Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
466 -0:06 - ?MT 1951 # a typo in Shanks?
467 0:00 - GMT
468 # Whitman says Tristan da Cunha is on GMT, like Atlantic/St_Helena.
469 #
470 # Ascension, Gough, Inaccessible, Nightingale
471 # no information; probably like Atlantic/St_Helena
473 # Sao Tome and Principe
474 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
475 Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
476 -0:37 - ?MT 1912 # a typo in Shanks?
477 0:00 - WAT
479 # Senegal
480 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
481 Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
482 -1:00 - AAT 1941 Jun
483 0:00 - WAT
485 # Seychelles
486 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
487 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
488 4:00 - SMT
490 # Sierra Leone
491 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
492 Rule SL 1913 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 -
493 # Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks.
494 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
495 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
496 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
497 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
498 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
499 Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
500 -0:53 - FMT 1913 Jun
501 -1:00 SL AA%sT 1957
502 0:00 SL WA%sT
504 # Somalia
505 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993):
506 # Shanks omits the 1948 transition to 2:45; this is probably a typo.
507 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
508 Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
509 3:00 - EAT 1931
510 2:30 - BEAT 1948
511 2:45 - BEAT 1957 # not in Shanks
512 3:00 - EAT
514 # South Africa
515 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
516 Rule SA 1892 only - Feb 8 0:00 0 -
517 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
518 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
519 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
520 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
521 1:30 - SAT 1903 Mar
522 2:00 SA SA%sT
523 # Prince Edward Is
524 # no information
526 # Sudan
527 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
528 Rule Sudan 1931 only - Feb 8 0:00 0 -
529 Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST"
530 Rule Sudan 1970 max - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
531 Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 " DST"
532 Rule Sudan 1972 max - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 " DST"
533 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
534 Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931
535 2:00 Sudan EET%s
537 # Swaziland
538 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
539 Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
540 2:00 - SAT
542 # Tanzania
543 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
544 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
545 3:00 - EAT 1948
546 2:45 - BEAT 1961
547 3:00 - EAT
549 # Togo
550 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
551 Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
552 0:00 - WAT
554 # Tunisia
555 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
556 Rule Tunisia 1911 only - Mar 9 0:00 0 -
557 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
558 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
559 Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST"
560 Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 -
561 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 " DST"
562 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
563 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 " DST"
564 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 -
565 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 " DST"
566 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
567 Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 " DST"
568 Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
569 Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
570 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 " DST"
571 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 -
572 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST"
573 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
574 Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST"
575 Rule Tunisia 1988 max - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
576 Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 " DST"
577 Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST"
578 Rule Tunisia 1991 max - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 " DST"
579 # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
580 # Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
581 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
582 Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
583 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
584 1:00 Tunisia MET%s
586 # Uganda
587 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
588 Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
589 3:00 - EAT 1930
590 2:30 - BEAT 1948
591 2:45 - BEAT 1957
592 3:00 - EAT
594 # Zaire
595 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
596 Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
597 1:00 - CAT
598 Zone Africa/Lumumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
599 2:00 - SAT
601 # Zambia
602 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
603 Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
604 2:00 - SAT
606 # Zimbabwe
607 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
608 Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
609 2:00 - SAT