1 GNU C Library NEWS -- history of user-visible changes. 2002-8-21
2 Copyright (C) 1992-2000,01,02 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 See the end for copying conditions.
5 Please send GNU C library bug reports using the `glibcbug' script to
6 <bugs@gnu.org>. Please send questions and suggestions to <bug-glibc@gnu.org>.
10 * Masahide Washizawa contributed iconv modules for IBM1163 and IBM1164
13 * iconv (the program and the interface) now accepts empty names (excluding
14 options like //TRANSLIT) to mean "use charset of current locale".
16 * localedef can now transliterate characters in strings which are not in
17 the provided charmap. The information from the input locale is used.
19 * Prelinking support was added for ELF targets. This requires additional
20 tools and recent versions of the GNU binutils. Contributed by Jakub Jelinek.
22 * Read-only stdio streams now use mmap to speed up operation by eliminating
23 copying and buffer underflows. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
25 * The malloc functions were completely rewritten by Wolfram Gloger based
26 on Doug Lea's malloc-2.7.0.c.
28 * Isamu Hasegawa contributed a completely new and POSIX-conformant
29 implementation of regex.
31 * Bruno Haible upgraded the iconv and locale implementation to support
34 * Contents of the LC_* and LANG environment variables in the CEN style are
35 not recognized anymore. It never was used. Change by Ulrich Drepper.
37 * The runtime (ld.so, libc, libpthread for Linux) now can handle the ELF
38 thread-local storage (TLS) ABI on some platforms.
39 Changes by Ulrich Drepper. SH support by Kaz Kojima.
41 * Bruno Haible contributed iconv converters for ISO-2022-JP-3, SHIFT JIS-X0213,
44 * New header <ifaddrs.h> with functions `getifaddrs' and `freeifaddrs':
45 BSD-compatible interface for getting all network interface addresses.
46 Implementation for IPv4 by Roland McGrath.
48 * Loading of locale data is faster due to the introduction of a locale
49 archive. Implemented by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
53 * Stephen Moshier implemented log2, log10, powl and cbrtl for the
54 128-bit long double format.
56 * Masahide Washizawa contributed iconv modules for IBM1132, IBM1133, IBM1160,
57 IBM1161, and IBM1162 charsets.
59 * Andreas Jaeger contributed a port to x86-64/Linux.
61 * Peter Bruin contributed a port to PowerPC/Hurd.
63 * libc functions using I/O streams now can handle wide-oriented streams
66 * optimizations in the dynamic linker. binaries created by recent binutils
67 versions start up quicker due to reduced time spend on relocations.
69 * Support for use of gcc3 added by Jakub Jelinek and HJ Lu.
73 * Stephen Moshier implemented cosh, expm1, log1p, acos, sinh, tanh,
74 asinh, atanh, j0 for the 128-bit long double format.
76 * Bruno Haible updated all the code handling Unicode in some form to
79 * Speed of regex for single-byte locales is back to previous levels.
80 Patch by Isamu Hasegawa.
82 * Alpha, SPARC, and IA-64 now also using floating stacks.
84 * Startup time of internationalized applications greatly improved through
85 iconv cache. Use iconvconfig to generate the cache file.
86 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
88 * The IA-64 specific part of ld.so was rewritten to eliminate some pretty
89 severe performance problems. Patch by David Mosberger.
91 * The Hurd port got a lot more functionality like AIO, various stdio
92 extensions, etc. Mainly done by Roland McGrath.
94 * mtrace can now lookup symbols in shared libraries.
98 * Intel's IA-64 math library is largely integrated. It provides fast and
99 accurate implementatations for most basic and standard math functions
100 in float, double, and long double format.
102 * Stephen Moshier implemented j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn, lgamma, erf, erfc,
103 and asin for the 96-bit long double format and asin, log, tan for the
104 128-bit long double format.
106 * The beginning of a last-bit accurate math library by IBM Haifa were added.
107 The basic double functions exist today. Contributed by Abraham Ziv
108 <ziv@il.ibm.com>, Moshe Olshansky <olshansk@il.ibm.com>, Ealan Henis
109 <ealan@il.ibm.com>, and Anna Reitman <reitman@il.ibm.com>.
111 * An asynchronous name lookup library was added. The interface is designed
112 after POSIX AIO. The proposal was circulated beforehand to get comments.
113 No negative ones came in. Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
115 * Port to S390/64bit contributed by Martin Schwidefsky
116 <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>.
118 * David Mosberger <davidm@hpl.hp.com> implemented the setcontext family
119 of functions for Linux/IA-64.
121 * The RPC code is now thread safe. Threads can now use the same service
122 of different services at the same time. Patch by Eric Norum
123 <eric.norum@usask.ca> with some help by Ulrich Drepper.
125 * Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> implemented the setcontext
126 family of functions for Linux/S390.
128 * Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com> implemented the setcontext family
129 of functions for Linux/x86.
131 * Port to Linux/CRIS contributed by Axis Communications.
135 * Lots of headers were cleaned up. Using the tool in the conform/ subdir
136 we can now check for namespace violations and missing declarations. The
137 result is that almost all headers are now Unix-compliant (as defined in
138 the upcoming XPG6). The negative side is that some programs might need
139 corrections, too, if they depend on the incorrect form of the headers in
140 previous versions which defined too many symbols and included too many
143 * regex now handles multibyte character sets correctly.
144 Contributed by Isamu Hasegawa <isamu@yamato.ibm.com>.
146 * iconv (the program) does now conform to the upcoming XPG6 and handles
147 charmaps. Instead of the charset names the path of charmaps can be
148 provided and the conversion happens based on this data.
149 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
151 * The locale program now provides detailed information about the installed
156 only lists the names of the supported locales
160 provides details such as country, language, and codeset name.
161 Contributed by Ulrich Drepper.
165 * The gencat program now parses the input file according to the charset
166 selected by the LC_CTYPE category. This is important for stateful
167 character sets. To make generating catalogs easier there is a way
168 to overwrite the charset selected by the locale: before the first
169 message or $ quote line the catalog can contain a line like
173 to select the charset (ISO-8859-2 in this case).
175 Implemented by Shinya Hanataka and Ulrich Drepper.
177 * New codeset conversion modules: IBM-922 (Estonia PC codeset),
178 IBM-1124 (Ukraine PC codeset), IBM-1129 (Vietnamese PC codeset).
179 Contributed by Masahide Washizawa <washi@jp.ibm.com>.
181 * Optimized string functions for Alpha ev6 and ev67 by Richard Henderson
182 <rth@redhat.com> and Rick Gorton <rick.gorton@alpha-processor.com>.
184 * The LANGUAGE environment variable is now ignored unless the locale is
185 changed from the default "C" locale.
187 * The usual bug fixes.
191 * Greg McGary added runtime support for bounds checking using gcc's
192 new -fbounded-pointers option. ix86 target is complete. PowerPC
195 * Thorsten Kukuk added secure mode support to nscd.
197 * The Berkeley db libraries have been removed.
199 Related, the nss_db module is now in a separate package since it
200 obviously requires a database library being available.
202 * Wide character I/O streams implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
204 * Functions from the extended socket API added by Ulrich Drepper.
206 * Functions feenableexcept and fedisableexcept to control the
207 behaviour of individual exceptions have been added by Andreas Jaeger.
209 * ldconfig program added by Andreas Jaeger and Jakub Jelinek.
211 * The resolver code has been updated from bind 8.2.3-T5B which supports
212 threads. The integration was done by Andreas Jaeger, Adam D. Bradley,
215 This change could in some situations effect backward compatibility. Since
216 now `_res' is a thread-local instead of a global variable, modifying it
217 in one thread does not have any effect in other threads.
219 The resolver library was also extended to allow IPv6 as the transport
220 protocol for the requests. This work was done by Stig Venaas.
222 * Compatibility code for K&R C compilers has been removed from the
223 header files. A ISO C compiler is needed to use the library
224 (conforming to either C89 or C99 standard).
226 * Complete rewrite of the localedef program to support multibyte character
227 sets. Implement handling of ISO 14651 and ISO 14652. Rewrite strcoll,
228 strxfrm, wcscoll, and wcsxfrm functions. Make isw*() functions work.
229 Implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
231 Bruno Haible significantly improved the generation and use of the data
232 structures for the wide character tables.
234 * Plural handling in gettext implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
236 * The utmp daemon has been removed.
238 * The port to MIPS-Linux has been finished by Andreas Jaeger.
240 * A port to Hitachi SH3 and SH4 has been contributed by Kazumoto Kojima
243 * POSIX clocks and timers implemented by Kaz Kylheku and Ulrich Drepper.
245 * POSIX barriers implemented by Kaz Kylheku.
247 * POSIX spawn function family implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
249 * POSIX spinlocks are now available.
251 * Timed wait functions for mutex, rwlock, and semaphores are implemented.
253 * the configure option --enable-kernel=X.Y.Z allows to strip out
254 compatibility for kernel versions before X.Y.Z. This is currently only
255 implemented for Linux.
257 * the sockaddr_in6 structure changed. The IPv6 working group added a new
258 field sin6_scope_id. This means that all programs using IPv6 should be
259 recompiled. Don't expect binary compatibility with previous glibc
262 * various conversion modules for IBM character sets contributed by
265 * IA-64 port by Jes Sorensen and HJ Lu.
267 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
268 Compiling the GNU C Library for Linux/ia64
269 ******************************************
271 Please refer to the file INSTALL in the same directory as you found
272 this file for general information about configuring and compiling
275 For general inquiries about glibc under Linux/ia64 please use the
276 following mailing list linux-ia64@linuxia64.org or one of the relevant
279 Recommended Tools for Compilation
280 =================================
282 In order for glibc-2.2 to build correctly on the ia64 you need at
283 least the following versions of the GNU tools (the :
285 * The Cygnus toolchain snapshot for the ia64 as of August 4
286 including the provided set of patches. It is however recommend
287 you use the October 24 toolchain snapshot or a more recent version.
289 OR alternatively you can try the following (the Cygnus toolchain is
290 the recommended solution):
292 * GCC and binutils, GAS and GNU LD out of CVS from
293 sources.redhat.com as of August 28, 2000 or later. The CVS tree
294 may require special patches to work properly on the ia64.
296 Configuring and compiling GNU Libc for Linux/ia64
297 =================================================
299 The library requires Linux kernel version 2.4.0-test4-000728 or
300 later to funtion properly. Besides that it support for debug libraries
301 is currently untested. Hence the following options
302 are required for configuring the library:
304 --disable-debug --enable-kernel=2.4.0
306 It is also important that you make sure the library picks up the
307 appropriate kernel header files, if you do not have recent enough
308 kernel headers in /usr/src/linux/include, you should use the
309 --with-headers=<path> option to specify the location.
311 As an example I personally use the following options to configure
316 --enable-kernel=2.4.0
320 --with-headers=/home/jes/linux/include
325 Jes Sorensen <jes@linuxcare.com>,
327 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
341 * New ISO C 9x function _Exit, imaxabs, and imaxdiv are added.
343 * New xdr functions are added; some rpc functions are now 64bit clean.
345 * Fixed a number of bugs and memory leaks (especially in NIS+ code).
347 * Fixed known incompatibilities with glibc 2.0.
349 * New functions lock64, strchrnul, rawmemchr, getutmp and getutmpx.
351 * Optimized a number of functions (especially the ELF dynamic loader).
353 * Update timezone data files.
355 * lots of charmaps corrections
357 * some new locale definitions and charmaps
362 * Richard Henderson corrected size of struct timeval on Linux/Alpha to
363 conform to POSIX member type requirements. Symbol versions have been
364 adjusted as needed within the library, and for direct use by applications,
365 but there is potential for problems if third-party libraries use
366 struct timeval as part of their interface. This does not present
367 a problem for X and other "essential" system libraries.
369 * An additional locale model to support C++ Standard Library locale
370 model and probably more was implemented by Ulrich Drepper.
372 * Eric Youngdale and Ulrich Drepper implemented versioning of objects on
375 * Miles Bader provided the `argp' function family to support hierachical
376 command line argument parsing, layered on top of getopt.
378 * strtod accepts new hexadecimal floating-point format from ISO C 9X.
380 * printf has two new specifiers %a and %A to print hexadecimal flaoting-point
383 * scanf recognizes the %a and %A format for scanning floating point numbers.
385 * the new headers <stdint.h> and <inttypes.h> from ISO C 9X provides
386 information and interfaces for the available integer types.
388 * about 130 new math functions were added to implement the ISO C9x math
391 * the new header <complex.h> contains definitions of the complex math
392 functions from ISO C 9X.
394 * the new header <tgmath.h> defines generic macros to use complex or
395 real valued functions.
397 * Thorsten Kukuk provided an implementation for NIS+, securelevel 0, 1 and 2.
399 * Andreas Jaeger provided a test suite for the math library.
401 * Mark Kettenis implemented the utmpx interface and an utmp daemon.
403 * Ulrich Drepper added character set conversion functions (iconv).
405 * Optimized string functions have been added.
407 * The localedata addon is now part of glibc.
409 * An implementation of profiling shared libraries was added by Ulrich Drepper.
411 * Thorsten Kukuk and Ulrich Drepper provided an implementation for a caching
412 daemon for NSS (nscd).
414 Missing a better place here are some numbers on improvements. Under
415 Linux 2.1.125 un-tar-ing the kernel sources takes
419 using local files 12.19s 6.88s 22.91s
421 using NIS 13.92s 8.91s 26.34s
423 using NIS & nscd 10.37s 7.34s 25.30s
425 using NIS+ 27.57s 30.37s 640.46s
427 using NIS+ & nscd 10.25s 7.83s 26.51s
429 using NIS & old nscd [1] 13.83s 8.32s 29.60s
431 Keep in mind that non-namelookup related operations dominate above times.
432 It was just a common complain that using NIS+ unpacking the kernel is
435 [1] The old nscd implementation is not available anymore since it was
436 distributed with glibc up to version 2.0.98 and thus is now replaced.
438 * Tim Waugh provided an implementation of the POSIX.2 wordexp function family.
440 * Mark Kettenis provided a Hesiod NSS module.
442 * The ELF dynamic loader knows how to process dynamic string tokens ($ORIGIN
443 and $PLATFORM) in RPATHs and similar strings (Ulrich Drepper).
445 * rcmd can now handle netgroups (Dick Streefland).
447 * A port to the ARM was contributed by Phil Blundell, Pat Beirne and Scott
450 * Support for the IPv6 protocol has been added to the socket API, as per the
451 latest draft standards.
453 * Support for Linux 2.2 has been added.
455 * Interface changes relative to the latest 2.0.x release:
456 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
457 addseverity NEW: Unix98
459 argp_err_exit_status NEW: argp, GNU ext
460 argp_error NEW: argp, GNU ext
461 argp_failure NEW: argp, GNU ext
462 argp_help NEW: argp, GNU ext
463 argp_parse NEW: argp, GNU ext
464 argp_program_bug_address NEW: argp, GNU ext
465 argp_program_version NEW: argp, GNU ext
466 argp_program_version_hook NEW: argp, GNU ext
467 argp_state_help NEW: argp, GNU ext
468 argp_usage NEW: argp, GNU ext
469 authdes_create NEW: Secure RPC
470 authdes_getucred NEW: Secure RPC
471 authdes_pk_create NEW: Secure RPC
472 backtrace NEW: GNU ext.
473 backtrace_symbols NEW: GNU ext.
474 backtrace_symbols_fd NEW: GNU ext.
478 cacoshf NEW: ISO C 9x
479 cacoshl NEW: ISO C 9x
489 casinhf NEW: ISO C 9x
490 casinhl NEW: ISO C 9x
495 catanhf NEW: ISO C 9x
496 catanhl NEW: ISO C 9x
498 cbc_crypt NEW: Secure RPC
511 clearerr_locked REMOVED
512 clntunix_create NEW: sunrpc ext
515 clog10f NEW: ISO C 9x
516 clog10l NEW: ISO C 9x
547 des_setparity NEW: Secure RPC
548 ecb_crypt NEW: Secure RPC
549 endutxent NEW: Unix98
561 feclearexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
562 fegetenv NEW: ISO C 9x
563 fegetexceptflag NEW: ISO C 9x
564 fegetround NEW: ISO C 9x
565 feholdexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
567 feraiseexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
568 ferror_locked REMOVED
569 fesetenv NEW: ISO C 9x
570 fesetexceptflag NEW: ISO C 9x
571 fesetround NEW: ISO C 9x
572 fetestexcept NEW: ISO C 9x
573 feupdateenv NEW: ISO C 9x
574 fflush_locked REMOVED
578 fgets_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
579 fileno_locked REMOVED
592 fputs_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
593 fread_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
604 fwrite_unlocked NEW: GNU ext.
605 gai_strerror NEW: IPv6
609 getchar_locked REMOVED
611 getdate_err NEW: Unix98
612 getdate_r NEW: GNU ext.
614 getnameinfo NEW: IPv6
615 getnetname NEW: Secure RPC
617 getpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
619 getutxent NEW: Unix98
621 getutxline NEW: Unix98
623 globfree64 NEW: GNU ext.
624 gnu_get_libc_release NEW: GNU ext.
625 gnu_get_libc_version NEW: GNU ext.
626 grantpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
627 host2netname NEW: Secure RPC
629 iconv_close NEW: iconv
630 iconv_open NEW: iconv
631 if_freenameindex NEW: IPv6
632 if_indextoname NEW: IPv6
633 if_nameindex NEW: IPv6
634 if_nametoindex NEW: IPv6
635 in6addr_any NEW: IPv6
636 in6addr_loopback NEW: IPv6
637 inet6_isipv4mapped NEW: IPv6
638 isastream NEW: STREAMS
639 iswblank NEW: GNU ext.
640 key_decryptsession NEW: Secure RPC
641 key_decryptsession_pk NEW: Secure RPC
642 key_encryptsession NEW: Secure RPC
643 key_encryptsession_pk NEW: Secure RPC
644 key_gendes NEW: Secure RPC
645 key_get_conv NEW: Secure RPC
646 key_secretkey_is_set NEW: Secure RPC
647 key_setnet NEW: Secure RPC
648 key_setsecret NEW: Secure RPC
650 llrintf NEW: ISO C 9x
651 llrintl NEW: ISO C 9x
652 llround NEW: ISO C 9x
653 llroundf NEW: ISO C 9x
654 llroundl NEW: ISO C 9x
662 lroundf NEW: ISO C 9x
663 lroundl NEW: ISO C 9x
665 makecontext NEW: Unix98
666 mempcpy NEW: GNU ext.
669 modify_ldt NEW: kernel
673 nearbyint NEW: ISO C 9x
674 nearbyintf NEW: ISO C 9x
675 nearbyintl NEW: ISO C 9x
676 netname2host NEW: Secure RPC
677 netname2user NEW: Secure RPC
678 nexttoward NEW: ISO C 9x
679 nexttowardf NEW: ISO C 9x
680 nexttowardl NEW: ISO C 9x
684 passwd2des NEW: Secure RPC
690 printf_size NEW: GNU ext.
691 printf_size_info NEW: GNU ext.
692 profil_counter REMOVED
693 pthread_mutexattr_getkind_np REPLACED
694 pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np REPLACED
695 ptsname NEW: Unix98 PTY
696 ptsname_r NEW: Unix98 PTY
698 putchar_locked REMOVED
699 putgrent NEW: GNU ext.
702 pututxline NEW: Unix98
708 remquof NEW: ISO C 9x
709 remquol NEW: ISO C 9x
714 scalbln NEW: ISO C 9x
715 scalblnf NEW: ISO C 9x
716 scalblnl NEW: ISO C 9x
719 setcontext NEW: Unix98
721 setutxent NEW: Unix98
723 sigignore NEW: Unix98
724 sigqueue NEW: POSIX.1b
727 sigtimedwait NEW: POSIX.1b
728 sigwaitinfo NEW: POSIX.1b
730 sincosf NEW: GNU ext.
731 sincosl NEW: GNU ext.
735 strcasestr NEW: GNU ext.
736 strtoimax NEW: ISO C 9x
737 strtoumax NEW: ISO C 9x
738 strverscmp NEW: GNU ext.
739 svcauthdes_stats NEW: Secure RPC
740 svcunix_create NEW: sunrpc etx
741 svcunixfd_create NEW: sunrpc ext
742 swapcontext NEW: Unix98
743 tcgetsid NEW: Unix98 PTY
744 tdestroy NEW: GNU ext.
746 tgammaf NEW: ISO C 9x
747 tgammal NEW: ISO C 9x
754 unlockpt NEW: Unix98 PTY
756 user2netname NEW: Secure RPC
757 utmpxname NEW: Unix98
758 versionsort NEW: GNU ext.
759 versionsort64 NEW: GNU ext.
761 wcscasecmp NEW: GNU ext.
762 wcsncasecmp NEW: GNU ext.
763 wcsnlen NEW: GNU ext.
764 wcstoimax NEW: ISO C 9x
765 wcstoll NEW: ISO C 9x
766 wcstoull NEW: ISO C 9x
767 wcstoumax NEW: ISO C 9x
770 wordfree NEW: POSIX.2
771 write_profiling REMOVED
772 xdecrypt NEW: Secure RPC
773 xdr_authdes_cred NEW: Secure RPC
774 xdr_authdes_verf NEW: Secure RPC
775 xdr_cryptkeyarg NEW: Secure RPC
776 xdr_cryptkeyarg2 NEW: Secure RPC
777 xdr_cryptkeyres NEW: Secure RPC
778 xdr_getcredres NEW: Secure RPC
779 xdr_key_netstarg NEW: Secure RPC
780 xdr_key_netstres NEW: Secure RPC
781 xdr_keybuf NEW: Secure RPC
782 xdr_keystatus NEW: Secure RPC
783 xdr_netnamestr NEW: Secure RPC
784 xdr_sizeof NEW: Secure RPC
785 xdr_unixcred NEW: sunrpc ext
786 xencrypt NEW: Secure RPC
787 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
798 * inet_ntoa is thread-safe
800 * updwtmp is moved from libutil to libc
802 * rewrite of cbrt function
804 * update of timezone data
820 * fix complex problems in Berkeley DB code
826 * fixed lots of header problems (especially Linux/GNU specific)
828 * dynamic loader preserves all registers
830 * Roland McGrath provided support for handling of auxiliary objects in
831 the ELF dynamic loader.
833 * support for parallel builds is improved
837 * GNU extensions are no longer declared by default. To enable them you
838 must define the macro `_GNU_SOURCE' in your program or compile with
841 * The library has changed from using GNU ld symbol aliases to using weak
842 symbols where available. The ELF object file format supports weak
843 symbols; GNU ld also supports weak symbols in the a.out format. (There
844 is also now support for other GNU ld extensions in ELF. Use the
845 `--with-elf' option to configure to indicate you have ELF, and
846 `--with-gnu-ld' if using GNU ld.) This change resulted in the deletion
847 of many files which contained only symbol aliases, reducing the size of
848 the source and the compiled library; many other files were renamed to
849 less cryptic names previously occupied by the symbol alias files.
850 There is a new header file <elf.h> for programs which operate on
851 files in the ELF format.
853 * Converted to Autoconf version 2, so `configure' has more options.
854 Run `configure --help' to see the details.
856 * The library can now be configured to build profiling, highly-optimized
857 (but undebuggable), and/or shared libraries (ELF with GNU ld only). The
858 `--enable-profile', `--enable-omitfp', and `--enable-shared' options to
859 `configure' enable building these extra libraries. The shared library is
860 built by default when using both ELF and GNU ld. When shared libraries
861 are enabled, the new library `-ldl' is available for arbitrary run-time
862 loading of shared objects; its interface is defined in <dlfcn.h>. The
863 new header file <link.h> gives access to the internals of the run-time
864 dynamic linker, `ld.so'. The shell script `ldd' is similar to the
865 application of same name on other systems and it provides information
866 about dynamically linked binaries.
868 * The C library now provides the run-time support code for profiling
869 executables compiled with `-pg'. Programs can control the profiling code
870 through the interface in <sys/gmon.h>. The `gmon.out' files written by
871 the GNU C library can be read only by GNU `gprof' (from GNU binutils);
872 the support for this file format was contributed by David Mosberger-Tang.
874 * The math code has been replaced with a math library based on fdlibm from
875 Sun, and modified by JT Conklin and Ulrich Drepper with i387 support, by
876 Ian Taylor with `float' functions and by Ulrich Drepper with `long double'
877 functions. The math functions now reside in a separate library, so
878 programs using them will need to use `-lm' their linking commands.
880 * John C. Bowman contributed optimized ix87 assembler inline functions.
882 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed support for an `/etc/nsswitch.conf'
883 mechanism similar to that found in Solaris 2. This is now used for the
884 group, passwd, hosts, networks, services, protocols, rpc, ethers,
885 shadow, netgroup, publickey, and alias databases. The `nsswitch.conf'
886 file controls what services are used for each individual database. This
887 works by loading shared libraries with names specified in `nsswitch.conf',
888 so service modules can be changed or added at any time without even
889 relinking any program. Currently there are the file, db, and NIS based
890 NSS services available.
892 * The new functions `strtoq' and `strtouq' parse integer values from
893 strings, like `strtol' and `strtoul', but they return `long long int' and
894 `unsigned long long int' values, respectively (64-bit quantities).
896 * The new functions `strtof' and `strtold' parse floating-point values from
897 strings, like `strtod', but they return `float' and `long double' values,
898 respectively (on some machines `double' and `long double' are the same).
900 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new implementations of the floating-point
901 printing and reading code used in the `printf' family of functions and
902 `strtod', `strtof', and `strtold'. These new functions are perfectly
903 accurate, and much faster than the old ones.
905 * The implementation of the POSIX locale model was completely rewritten by
906 Ulrich Drepper. This includes the new programs `localedef' and `locale'
907 to compile the POSIX locale definition.
909 * The former dummy implementations of the strcoll and strxfrm function are
910 now replaced by fully functional code contributed by Ulrich Drepper. The
911 collation information comes from the POSIX locale definitions.
913 * The new header <langinfo.h> defines an interface for accessing
914 various locale-dependent data (using the locale chosen with `setlocale').
916 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed a new suite of functions for operation on
917 wide-character and multibyte-character strings, in <wchar.h>;
918 and classification and case conversion of wide characters, in <wctype.h>.
919 These new functions are conforming to the ISO C, Amendement 1 specification.
921 * There is now a second implementation of the standard I/O library available.
922 It comes from GNU libg++ as was written by Per Bothner, heavily modified
923 by Hongjiu Lu and made thread safe by Ulrich Drepper.
925 * You can now use positional parameter specifications in format strings
926 for the `printf' and `scanf' families of functions. For example,
927 `printf ("Number %2$d, Mr %1$s\n", "Jones", 6);'' prints
928 ``Number 6, Mr Jones''. This is mainly useful when providing different
929 format strings for different languages, whose grammars may dictate
930 different orderings of the values being printed. To support this
931 feature, the interface for `register_printf_handler' has changed; see
932 the header file <printf.h> for details.
934 * The `printf' and `scanf' families of functions now understand a new
935 formatting flag for numeric conversions: the ' flag (e.g. %'d or %'f) says
936 to group numbers as indicated by the locale; for `scanf' and friends, this
937 says to accept as valid only a number with all the proper grouping
938 separators in the right places. In the default "C" locale, numbers are
939 not grouped; but locales for specific countries will define the usual
940 conventions (i.e. separate thousands with `,' in the US locale).
942 * The pgrp functions have been regularized, slightly incompatibly but much
943 less confusingly. The core functions are now `getpgid' and `setpgid',
944 which take arguments for the PID to operate on; the POSIX.1 `getpgrp' (no
945 argument) and BSD `setpgrp' (identical to `setpgid') functions are
946 provided for compatibility. There is no longer an incompatible `getpgrp'
947 with an argument declared under _BSD_SOURCE; no BSD code uses it.
949 * The new header file <fts.h> and suite of functions simplify programs that
950 operate on directory trees. This code comes from 4.4 BSD.
952 * The resolver code has been updated from the BIND 4.9.5-P1 release.
953 Parts of the code were heavily modified by Ulrich Drepper to fit in the
954 NSS scheme used in glibc.
956 * There is a new malloc debugging hook `__memalign_hook'.
958 * There are new typedefs `ushort' for `unsigned short int' and `uint' for
959 `unsigned int' in <sys/types.h>. These are for compatibility only and
960 their use is discouraged.
962 * The `-lmcheck' library to enable standard malloc debugging hooks is now
963 done differently, so that it works even without GNU ld.
965 * New function `euidaccess' checks allowed access to a file like `access',
966 but using the effective IDs instead of the real IDs.
968 * The time zone data files have been updated for the latest and greatest
969 local time conventions of the countries of the world.
971 * The new function `dirfd' extracts the file descriptor used by a DIR stream;
974 * The new functions `ecvt', `fcvt', and `gcvt' provide an obsolete interface
975 for formatting floating-point numbers. They are provided only for
976 compatibility; new programs should use `sprintf' instead. There are
977 also equivalent function for the `long double' floating-point type and
978 all functions also exist in a reentrant form.
980 * The new auxiliary library `-lutil' from 4.4 BSD contains various
981 functions for maintaining the login-record files (primarily of use to
982 system programs such as `login'), and convenient functions for
983 allocating and initializing a pseudo-terminal (pty) device.
985 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new support for System V style
986 shared memory and IPC on systems that support it.
988 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed several miscellaneous new functions found
989 in System V: The `hsearch' family of functions provide an effective
990 implementation of hash tables; `a64l' and `l64a' provide a very simple
991 binary to ASCII mapping; `drand48' and friends provide a 48-bit random
994 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new reentrant counterparts for the
995 `random' and `hsearch' families of functions; `random_r', `hsearch_r', etc.
997 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed new, highly-optimized versions of several
998 string functions for the i486/Pentium family of processors.
1000 * Ulrich Drepper has updated the Linux-specific code, based largely
1001 on work done in Hongjiu Lu's version of GNU libc for Linux.
1002 The GNU library now supports Linux versions 2.0.10 and later,
1003 using the ELF object file format (i[3456]86-*-linux).
1005 * Andreas Schwab has ported the C library to Linux/m68k (m68k-*-linux).
1007 * David Mosberger-Tang and Richard Henderson have ported the C library
1008 to Linux/Alpha (alpha-*-linux). Richard Henderson contributed the
1009 dynamic linking support for ELF/Alpha.
1011 * Richard Henderson contributed several Alpha optimized assembler function
1012 for arithmetic and string handling.
1014 * Ulrich Drepper has contributed a new set of message catalog functions to
1015 support multiple languages using the <libintl.h> interface, for use with
1016 his new package GNU gettext. Translation volunteers have contributed
1017 catalogs of the library's messages in Spanish, German, and Korean.
1019 * For compatibility with XPG4, Ulrich Drepper has contributed the `gencat'
1020 program and the `catgets' function for reading the catalog files it
1021 creates. (The <libintl.h> interface is preferred; we include the
1022 <nl_types.h> interface using `catgets' only for source compatibility with
1023 programs already written to use it.)
1025 * New header file <values.h> gives SVID-compatible names for <limits.h>
1028 * Various new macros, declarations, and small header files for compatibility
1031 * New function `group_member' is a convenient way to check if a process has
1032 a given effective group ID.
1034 * When using GCC 2.7 and later, the socket functions are now declared in a
1035 special way so that passing an argument of type `struct sockaddr_in *',
1036 `struct sockaddr_ns *', or `struct sockaddr_un *' instead of the generic
1037 `struct sockaddr *' type, does not generate a type-clash warning.
1039 * New function `error' declared in header file <error.h> is a convenient
1040 function for printing error messages and optionally exiting; this is the
1041 canonical function used in GNU programs. The new functions `err', `warn',
1042 and friends in header file <err.h> are the canonical 4.4 BSD interface for
1043 doing the same thing.
1045 * The <glob.h> interface has several new flags from 4.4 BSD that extend the
1046 POSIX.2 `glob' function to do ~ and {...} expansion.
1048 * New function `unsetenv' complements `setenv' for compatibility with 4.4 BSD.
1049 `clearenv' which is used in POSIX.9 is also available.
1051 * New function `getsid' returns session ID number on systems that support it.
1053 * We have incorporated the 4.4 BSD `db' library (version 1.85). New header
1054 files <db.h> and <mpool.h> provide a rich set of functions for several
1055 types of simple databases stored in memory and in files, and <ndbm.h> is
1056 an old `ndbm'-compatible interface using the `db' functions. Link with
1057 `-ldb' to get these functions.
1059 * New macro `strdupa' copies a string like `strdup', but uses local stack
1060 space from `alloca' instead of dynamic heap space from `malloc'.
1062 * New function `strnlen' is like `strlen' but searches only a given maximum
1063 number of characters for the null terminator. `stpncpy', `strndup' and
1064 `strndupa' are similar variants for the `stpcpy', `strdup' and `strdupa'
1067 * New function `statfs' in header <sys/statfs.h>.
1069 * The new <argz.h> and <envz.h> interfaces contributed by Miles Bader
1070 provide convenient functions for operating on blocks of null-terminated
1073 * A new suite of functions in <utmp.h> handle all the details of reading
1074 and writing the utmp file.
1076 * An implementation of the NIS/YP(tm) based NSS service was contributed by
1079 * Paul Eggert and Ulrich Drepper modified the `strftime' function to be
1080 completely POSIX compliant and also implemented the extended functionality
1081 to handle alternate digit representation and alternate era date formats.
1083 * Ulrich Drepper provided an implementation of the `strptime' function
1084 defined in XPG4.2 which transforms a string into a `struct tm' value.
1086 * Paul Eggert provided the tzselect shell script as part of the timezone
1087 code. The shell script makes it easy to select the correct timezone
1090 * The implementation of the malloc family of functions is completely replaced
1091 by a new implementation by Doug Lea with many improvements by Wolfram Gloger.
1092 The implementation uses the mmap function (if available) and it is
1093 optimized for the use in multi threaded programs.
1095 * Ulrich Drepper contributed a MD5 "encryption" for the crypt family of
1096 functions. This new functionality is usable by specifying a special
1097 salt string and it is compatible with implementation on *BSD systems.
1099 * Lots of functions from the XPG4.2 standard were added by Ulrich Drepper:
1100 `getsubopt' to handle second level command line options, `bsd_signal'
1101 to access BSD style `signal' functionality, the obsolete `regexp' style
1104 * the `lchown' function is available on system which support this
1107 * The implementation of the shadow password handling function was contributed
1110 * David Mosberger-Tang changed the SunRPC implementation to be 64bit safe.
1112 * POSIX.1g support was added. The <sys/select.h> header is available,
1113 `isfdtype' and `pselect' are implemented. Craig Metz contributed an
1114 implementation of `getaddrinfo'.
1118 * For cross-compilation you should now set `BUILD_CC' instead of `HOST_CC'.
1120 * New header file <fstab.h> and new functions `getfsspec', `getfsent' and
1121 friends, for parsing /etc/fstab. This code comes from 4.4 BSD.
1123 * The new function `daemon' from 4.4 BSD is useful for server programs that
1124 want to put themselves in the background.
1126 * Joel Sherrill has contributed support for several standalone boards that
1127 run without an operating system.
1129 * `printf', `scanf' and friends now accept a `q' type modifier for long
1130 long int as well as `ll'. Formats using these might be `%qu' or `%lld'.
1132 * All of the code taken from BSD (notably most of the math and networking
1133 routines) has been updated from the BSD 4.4-Lite release.
1135 * The resolver code has been updated from the BIND-4.9.3-BETA9 release.
1137 * The new functions `getdomainname' and `setdomainname' fetch or change the
1138 YP/NIS domain name. These are system calls which exist on systems which
1141 * The time zone data files have been updated for the latest international
1144 * The SunRPC programs `portmap' and `rpcinfo' are now installed in
1145 $(sbindir) (usually /usr/local/sbin) instead of $(bindir).
1149 * The C library now includes support for Sun RPC, from Sun's free
1150 RPCSRC-4.0 distribution. The `portmap', `rpcinfo', and `rpcgen' programs
1151 are included. (There is still no support for YP.)
1153 * Tom Quinn has contributed a port of the C library to SGI machines running
1154 Irix 4 (mips-sgi-irix4).
1156 * The new `lockf' function is a simplified interface to the locking
1157 facilities of `fcntl', included for compatibility.
1159 * New time functions `timegm', `timelocal', and `dysize' for compatibility.
1161 * New header file <sys/timeb.h> and new function `ftime' for compatibility.
1163 * New header files <poll.h> and <sys/poll.h> and new function `poll' for
1166 * The error message printed by `assert' for a failed assertion now includes
1167 the name of the program (if using GNU ld) and the name of the calling
1168 function (with versions of GCC that support this).
1170 * The `psignal' function is now declared in <signal.h>, not <stdio.h>.
1172 * The library now includes the <sys/mman.h> header file and memory
1173 management functions `mmap', `munmap', `mprotect', `msync', and
1174 `madvise', on systems that support those facilities.
1176 * The interface for `mcheck' has changed slightly: the function called to
1177 abort the program when an allocation inconsistency is detected now takes
1178 an argument that indicates the type of failure. The new function
1179 `mprobe' lets you request a consistency check for a particular block at
1180 any time (checks are normally done only when you call `free' or `realloc'
1183 * It is now possible to easily cross-compile the C library, building on one
1184 system a library to run on another machine and/or operating system. All
1185 you need to do is set the variable `HOST_CC' in `configparms' to the
1186 native compiler for programs to run on the machine you are building on (a
1187 few generator programs are used on Unix systems); set `CC' to the
1190 * The new function `fexecve' (only implemented on the GNU system) executes
1191 a program file given a file descriptor already open on the file.
1195 * Brendan Kehoe has contributed most of a port to the DEC Alpha
1196 running OSF/1 (alpha-dec-osf1). He says it is 75% complete.
1198 * You can set the variable `libprefix' in `configparms' to specify a prefix
1199 to be prepended to installed library files; this makes it easy to install
1200 the GNU C library to be linked as `-lgnuc' or whatever.
1202 * The new `stpncpy' is a cross between `stpcpy' and `strncpy': It
1203 copies a limited number of characters from a string, and returns the
1204 address of the last character written.
1206 * You no longer need to check for whether the installed `stddef.h' is
1207 compatible with the GNU C library. configure now checks for you.
1209 * You can now define a per-stream `fileno' function to convert the
1210 stream's cookie into an integral file descriptor.
1212 * ``malloc (0)'' no longer returns a null pointer. Instead, it
1213 allocates zero bytes of storage, and returns a unique pointer which
1214 you can pass to `realloc' or `free'. The behavior is undefined if
1215 you dereference this pointer.
1217 * The C library now runs on Sony NEWS m68k machines running either
1218 NewsOS 3 or NewsOS 4.
1220 * The new `syscall' function is a system-dependent primitive function
1221 for invoking system calls. It has the canonical behavior on Unix
1222 systems, including unreliable return values for some calls (such as
1223 `pipe', `fork' and `getppid').
1225 * The error code `EWOULDBLOCK' is now obsolete; it is always defined
1226 to `EAGAIN', which is the preferred name. On systems whose kernels
1227 use two distinct codes, the C library now translates EWOULDBLOCK to
1228 EAGAIN in every system call function.
1232 * The GNU C Library Reference Manual is now distributed with the library.
1233 `make dvi' will produce a DVI file of the printed manual.
1234 `make info' will produce Info files that you can read on line using C-h i
1235 in Emacs or the `info' program.
1236 Please send comments on the manual to bug-glibc-manual@gnu.org.
1238 * The library now supports SVR4 on i386s (i386-unknown-sysv4).
1240 * Brendan Kehoe has contributed a port to Sun SPARCs running Solaris 2.
1242 * Jason Merrill has contributed a port to the Sequent Symmetry running
1243 Dynix version 3 (i386-sequent-dynix).
1245 * The library has been ported to i386s running SCO 3.2.4 (also known as SCO
1246 ODT 2.0; i386-unknown-sco3.2.4) or SCO 3.2 (i386-unknown-sco3.2).
1248 * New function `memory_warnings' lets you arrange to get warnings when
1249 malloc is running out of memory to allocate, like Emacs gives you.
1251 * The C library now contains the relocating allocator used in Emacs 19 for
1252 its editing buffers. This allocator (ralloc) minimizes allocation
1253 overhead and fragmentation by moving allocated regions around whenever it
1254 needs to. You always refer to a ralloc'd region with a "handle" (a
1255 pointer to a pointer--an object of type `void **').
1257 * There is a new `printf' format: `%m' gives you the string corresponding
1258 to the error code in `errno'.
1260 * In `scanf' formats, you can now use `%as' or `%a[' to do the normal `%s'
1261 or `%[' conversion, but instead of filling in a fixed-sized buffer you
1262 pass, the `a' modifier says to fill in a `char **' you pass with a
1265 * The `fnmatch' function supports the new flag bits `FNM_LEADING_DIR' and
1266 `FNM_CASEFOLD'. `FNM_LEADING_DIR' lets a pattern like `foo*' match a
1267 name like `foo/bar'. `FNM_CASEFOLD' says to ignore case in matching.
1269 * `mkstemp' is a traditional Unix function to atomically create and open a
1270 uniquely-named temporary file.
1274 * The standard location for the file that says what the local timezone is
1275 has changed again. It is now `/usr/local/etc/localtime' (or more
1276 precisely, `${prefix}/etc/localtime') rather than `/etc/localtime'.
1278 * The distribution no longer contains any files with names longer than 14
1281 * `struct ttyent' has two new flag bits: TTY_TRUSTED and TTY_CONSOLE.
1282 These are set by the new `trusted' and `console' keywords in `/etc/ttys'.
1284 * New functions `ttyslot' and `syslog' from 4.4 BSD.
1288 * The configuration process has changed quite a bit. The `configure'
1289 script is now used just like the configuration scripts for other GNU
1290 packages. The `sysdeps' directory hierarchy is much rearranged.
1291 The file `INSTALL' explains the new scheme in detail.
1293 * The header files no longer need to be processed into ANSI C and
1294 traditional C versions. There is just one set of files to install, and
1295 it will work with ANSI or old C compilers (including `gcc -traditional').
1297 * Brendan Kehoe and Ian Lance Taylor have ported the library to the
1298 MIPS DECStation running Ultrix 4.
1300 * The Sun 4 startup code (crt0) can now properly load SunOS 4 shared libraries.
1301 Tom Quinn contributed the initial code. The GNU C library can NOT yet be
1302 made itself into a shared library.
1304 * Yet further improved support for the i386, running 4.3 BSD-like systems
1305 (such as Mach 3 with the Unix single-server), or System V.
1307 * New function `strncasecmp' to do case-insensitive string comparison
1308 with limited length.
1310 * New function `strsep' is a reentrant alternative to `strtok'.
1312 * New functions `scandir' and `alphasort' for searching directories.
1314 * New function `setenv' is a better interface to `putenv'.
1316 * Ian Lance Taylor has contributed an implementation of the SVID `ftw'
1317 function for traversing a directory tree.
1319 * The GNU obstack package is now also part of the C library.
1320 The new function `open_obstack_stream' creates a stdio stream that
1321 writes onto an obstack; `obstack_printf' and `obstack_vprintf' do
1322 formatted output directly to an obstack.
1324 * Miscellaneous new functions: reboot, nice, sigaltstack (4.4 BSD only),
1325 cfmakeraw, getusershell, getpass, swab, getttyent, seteuid, setegid.
1327 * `FNM_FILE_NAME' is another name for `FNM_PATHNAME', used with `fnmatch'.
1329 * The new functions `strfry' and `memfrob' do mysterious and wonderful
1330 things to your strings.
1332 * There are some new test programs: test-fseek, testmb, and testrand.
1334 * Some work has been done to begin porting the library to 4.4 BSD and Linux.
1335 These ports are not finished, but are a good starting place for really
1336 supporting those systems.
1338 * `/etc/localtime' is now the standard location for the file that says what
1339 the local timezone is, rather than `/usr/local/lib/zoneinfo/localtime'.
1340 This follows the general principle that `/etc' is the place for all local
1341 configuration files.
1343 * The C library header files now use `extern "C"' when used by the C++
1344 compiler, so the C library should now work with C++ code.
1346 * The header file <bstring.h> is gone. <string.h> now declares bcopy,
1347 bcmp, bzero, and ffs. (Update: nowadays these functions are declared
1350 * Mike Haertel (of GNU e?grep and malloc fame) has written a new sorting
1351 function which uses the `merge sort' algorithm, and is said to be
1352 significantly faster than the old GNU `qsort' function. Merge sort is
1353 now the standard `qsort' function. The new algorithm can require a lot
1354 of temporary storage; so, the old sorting function is called when the
1355 required storage is not available.
1357 * The C library now includes Michael Glad's Ultra Fast Crypt, which
1358 provides the Unix `crypt' function, plus some other entry points.
1360 * The code and header files taken from 4.4 BSD have been updated with the
1361 latest files released from Berkeley.
1363 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
1364 Copyright information:
1366 Copyright (C) 1992-1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1368 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
1369 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
1370 copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved,
1371 thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn.
1373 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
1374 of this document, or of portions of it,
1375 under the above conditions, provided also that they
1376 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them.
1379 version-control: never