1 Standard debugger interface
2 ===========================
4 The run-time linker exposes a rendezvous structure to allow debuggers
5 to interface with it. This structure, r_debug, is defined in link.h.
6 If the executable's dynamic section has a DT_DEBUG element, the
7 run-time linker sets that element's value to the address where this
8 structure can be found.
10 The r_debug structure contains (amongst others) the following fields:
13 Version number for this protocol. It should be greater than 0.
15 struct link_map *r_map:
16 A linked list of loaded objects.
18 enum { RT_CONSISTENT, RT_ADD, RT_DELETE } r_state:
19 The current state of the r_map list. RT_CONSISTENT means that r_map
20 is not currently being modified and may safely be inspected. RT_ADD
21 means that an object is being added to r_map, and that the list is
22 not guaranteed to be consistent. Likewise RT_DELETE means that an
23 object is being removed from the list.
26 The address of a function internal to the run-time linker which is
27 called whenever r_state is changed. The debugger should set a
28 breakpoint at this address if it wants to notice mapping changes.
30 This protocol is widely supported, but somewhat limited in that it
31 has no provision to provide access to multiple namespaces, and that
32 the notifications (via r_brk) only refer to changes to r_map--the
33 debugger is notified that a new object has been added, for instance,
34 but there is no way for the debugger to discover whether any of the
35 objects in the link-map have been relocated or not.
38 Extension to the r_debug structure
39 ==================================
41 The r_debug_extended structure is an extension of the r_debug interface.
42 If r_version is 2, one additional field is available:
44 struct r_debug_extended *r_next;
45 Link to the next r_debug_extended structure. Each r_debug_extended
46 structure represents a different namespace. A namespace is active
47 if its r_map field isn't NULL. The first r_debug_extended structure
48 is for the default namespace.
50 Probe-based debugger interface
51 ==============================
53 Systemtap is a dynamic tracing/instrumenting tool available on Linux.
54 Probes that are not fired at run time have close to zero overhead.
55 glibc contains a number of probes that debuggers can set breakpoints
56 on in order to notice certain events.
58 All rtld probes have the following arguments:
61 The link-map ID of the link-map list that the object was loaded
62 into. This will be LM_ID_BASE for the application's main link-map
63 list, or some other value for different namespaces.
65 arg2: struct r_debug *r_debug:
66 A pointer to the r_debug structure containing the link-map list
67 that the object was loaded into. This will be the value stored in
68 DT_DEBUG for the application's main link-map list, or some other
69 value for different namespaces.
71 map_complete and reloc_complete may have the following additional
74 arg3: struct link_map *new:
75 A pointer which, if not NULL, points to the entry in the specified
76 r_debug structure's link-map list corresponding to the first new
77 object to have been mapped or relocated, with new->l_next pointing
78 to the link-map of the next new object to have been mapped or
79 relocated, and so on. Note that because `new' is an entry in a
80 larger list, new->l_prev (if not NULL) will point to what was the
81 last link-map in the link-map list prior to the new objects being
84 The following probes are available:
87 This is called once, when the linker is about to fill in the main
88 r_debug structure at application startup. init_start always has
89 lmid set to LM_ID_BASE and r_debug set to the value stored in
90 DT_DEBUG. r_debug is not guaranteed to be consistent until
91 init_complete is fired.
94 This is called once, when the linker has filled in the main
95 r_debug structure at application startup. init_complete always
96 has lmid set to LM_ID_BASE and r_debug set to the value stored
97 in DT_DEBUG. The r_debug structure is consistent and may be
98 inspected, and all objects in the link-map are guaranteed to
102 The linker is about to map new objects into the specified
103 namespace. The namespace's r_debug structure is not guaranteed
104 to be consistent until a corresponding map_complete is fired.
107 The linker has finished mapping new objects into the specified
108 namespace. The namespace's r_debug structure is consistent and
109 may be inspected, although objects in the namespace's link-map
110 are not guaranteed to have been relocated.
113 The linker failed while attempting to map new objects into
114 the specified namespace. The namespace's r_debug structure
115 is consistent and may be inspected.
118 The linker is about to relocate all unrelocated objects in the
119 specified namespace. The namespace's r_debug structure is not
120 guaranteed to be consistent until a corresponding reloc_complete
124 The linker has relocated all objects in the specified namespace.
125 The namespace's r_debug structure is consistent and may be
126 inspected, and all objects in the namespace's link-map are
127 guaranteed to have been relocated.
130 The linker is about to remove objects from the specified
131 namespace. The namespace's r_debug structure is not guaranteed to
132 be consistent until a corresponding unmap_complete is fired.
135 The linker has finished removing objects into the specified
136 namespace. The namespace's r_debug structure is consistent and