1 /* Copyright (C) 1991-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
2 Copyright The GNU Toolchain Authors.
3 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
5 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
6 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
7 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
8 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
13 Lesser General Public License for more details.
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
16 License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
17 <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
20 * ISO C99 Standard: 7.20 General utilities <stdlib.h>
25 #define __GLIBC_INTERNAL_STARTING_HEADER_IMPLEMENTATION
26 #include <bits/libc-header-start.h>
28 /* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>. */
30 #define __need_wchar_t
38 #if (defined __USE_XOPEN || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) && !defined _SYS_WAIT_H
39 /* XPG requires a few symbols from <sys/wait.h> being defined. */
40 # include <bits/waitflags.h>
41 # include <bits/waitstatus.h>
43 /* Define the macros <sys/wait.h> also would define this way. */
44 # define WEXITSTATUS(status) __WEXITSTATUS (status)
45 # define WTERMSIG(status) __WTERMSIG (status)
46 # define WSTOPSIG(status) __WSTOPSIG (status)
47 # define WIFEXITED(status) __WIFEXITED (status)
48 # define WIFSIGNALED(status) __WIFSIGNALED (status)
49 # define WIFSTOPPED(status) __WIFSTOPPED (status)
50 # ifdef __WIFCONTINUED
51 # define WIFCONTINUED(status) __WIFCONTINUED (status)
53 #endif /* X/Open or XPG7 and <sys/wait.h> not included. */
55 /* _FloatN API tests for enablement. */
56 #include <bits/floatn.h>
58 /* Returned by `div'. */
61 int quot
; /* Quotient. */
62 int rem
; /* Remainder. */
65 /* Returned by `ldiv'. */
66 #ifndef __ldiv_t_defined
69 long int quot
; /* Quotient. */
70 long int rem
; /* Remainder. */
72 # define __ldiv_t_defined 1
75 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 && !defined __lldiv_t_defined
76 /* Returned by `lldiv'. */
77 __extension__
typedef struct
79 long long int quot
; /* Quotient. */
80 long long int rem
; /* Remainder. */
82 # define __lldiv_t_defined 1
86 /* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX). */
87 #define RAND_MAX 2147483647
90 /* We define these the same for all machines.
91 Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'. */
92 #define EXIT_FAILURE 1 /* Failing exit status. */
93 #define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 /* Successful exit status. */
96 /* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale. */
97 #define MB_CUR_MAX (__ctype_get_mb_cur_max ())
98 extern size_t __ctype_get_mb_cur_max (void) __THROW __wur
;
101 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */
102 extern double atof (const char *__nptr
)
103 __THROW __attribute_pure__
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
104 /* Convert a string to an integer. */
105 extern int atoi (const char *__nptr
)
106 __THROW __attribute_pure__
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
107 /* Convert a string to a long integer. */
108 extern long int atol (const char *__nptr
)
109 __THROW __attribute_pure__
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
112 /* Convert a string to a long long integer. */
113 __extension__
extern long long int atoll (const char *__nptr
)
114 __THROW __attribute_pure__
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
117 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number. */
118 extern double strtod (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
119 char **__restrict __endptr
)
120 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
123 /* Likewise for `float' and `long double' sizes of floating-point numbers. */
124 extern float strtof (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
125 char **__restrict __endptr
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
127 extern long double strtold (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
128 char **__restrict __endptr
)
129 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
132 /* Likewise for '_FloatN' and '_FloatNx'. */
134 #if __HAVE_FLOAT16 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
135 extern _Float16
strtof16 (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
136 char **__restrict __endptr
)
137 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
140 #if __HAVE_FLOAT32 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
141 extern _Float32
strtof32 (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
142 char **__restrict __endptr
)
143 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
146 #if __HAVE_FLOAT64 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
147 extern _Float64
strtof64 (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
148 char **__restrict __endptr
)
149 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
152 #if __HAVE_FLOAT128 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
153 extern _Float128
strtof128 (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
154 char **__restrict __endptr
)
155 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
158 #if __HAVE_FLOAT32X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
159 extern _Float32x
strtof32x (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
160 char **__restrict __endptr
)
161 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
164 #if __HAVE_FLOAT64X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
165 extern _Float64x
strtof64x (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
166 char **__restrict __endptr
)
167 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
170 #if __HAVE_FLOAT128X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
171 extern _Float128x
strtof128x (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
172 char **__restrict __endptr
)
173 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
176 /* Convert a string to a long integer. */
177 extern long int strtol (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
178 char **__restrict __endptr
, int __base
)
179 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
180 /* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer. */
181 extern unsigned long int strtoul (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
182 char **__restrict __endptr
, int __base
)
183 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
186 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */
188 extern long long int strtoq (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
189 char **__restrict __endptr
, int __base
)
190 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
191 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */
193 extern unsigned long long int strtouq (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
194 char **__restrict __endptr
, int __base
)
195 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
196 #endif /* Use misc. */
199 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer. */
201 extern long long int strtoll (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
202 char **__restrict __endptr
, int __base
)
203 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
204 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer. */
206 extern unsigned long long int strtoull (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
207 char **__restrict __endptr
, int __base
)
208 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
209 #endif /* ISO C99 or use MISC. */
211 /* Convert a floating-point number to a string. */
212 #if __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_BFP_EXT_C2X)
213 extern int strfromd (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char *__format
,
215 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
217 extern int strfromf (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char *__format
,
219 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
221 extern int strfroml (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char *__format
,
223 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
226 #if __HAVE_FLOAT16 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
227 extern int strfromf16 (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char * __format
,
229 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
232 #if __HAVE_FLOAT32 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
233 extern int strfromf32 (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char * __format
,
235 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
238 #if __HAVE_FLOAT64 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
239 extern int strfromf64 (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char * __format
,
241 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
244 #if __HAVE_FLOAT128 && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
245 extern int strfromf128 (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char * __format
,
247 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
250 #if __HAVE_FLOAT32X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
251 extern int strfromf32x (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char * __format
,
253 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
256 #if __HAVE_FLOAT64X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
257 extern int strfromf64x (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char * __format
,
259 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
262 #if __HAVE_FLOAT128X && __GLIBC_USE (IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT)
263 extern int strfromf128x (char *__dest
, size_t __size
, const char * __format
,
265 __THROW
__nonnull ((3));
270 /* Parallel versions of the functions above which take the locale to
271 use as an additional parameter. These are GNU extensions inspired
272 by the POSIX.1-2008 extended locale API. */
273 # include <bits/types/locale_t.h>
275 extern long int strtol_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
276 char **__restrict __endptr
, int __base
,
277 locale_t __loc
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 4));
279 extern unsigned long int strtoul_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
280 char **__restrict __endptr
,
281 int __base
, locale_t __loc
)
282 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 4));
285 extern long long int strtoll_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
286 char **__restrict __endptr
, int __base
,
288 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 4));
291 extern unsigned long long int strtoull_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
292 char **__restrict __endptr
,
293 int __base
, locale_t __loc
)
294 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 4));
296 extern double strtod_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
297 char **__restrict __endptr
, locale_t __loc
)
298 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
300 extern float strtof_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
301 char **__restrict __endptr
, locale_t __loc
)
302 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
304 extern long double strtold_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
305 char **__restrict __endptr
,
307 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
310 extern _Float16
strtof16_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
311 char **__restrict __endptr
,
313 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
317 extern _Float32
strtof32_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
318 char **__restrict __endptr
,
320 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
324 extern _Float64
strtof64_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
325 char **__restrict __endptr
,
327 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
331 extern _Float128
strtof128_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
332 char **__restrict __endptr
,
334 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
338 extern _Float32x
strtof32x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
339 char **__restrict __endptr
,
341 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
345 extern _Float64x
strtof64x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
346 char **__restrict __endptr
,
348 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
351 # if __HAVE_FLOAT128X
352 extern _Float128x
strtof128x_l (const char *__restrict __nptr
,
353 char **__restrict __endptr
,
355 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 3));
360 #ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
362 __NTH (atoi (const char *__nptr
))
364 return (int) strtol (__nptr
, (char **) NULL
, 10);
366 __extern_inline
long int
367 __NTH (atol (const char *__nptr
))
369 return strtol (__nptr
, (char **) NULL
, 10);
373 __extension__ __extern_inline
long long int
374 __NTH (atoll (const char *__nptr
))
376 return strtoll (__nptr
, (char **) NULL
, 10);
379 #endif /* Optimizing and Inlining. */
382 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
383 /* Convert N to base 64 using the digits "./0-9A-Za-z", least-significant
384 digit first. Returns a pointer to static storage overwritten by the
386 extern char *l64a (long int __n
) __THROW __wur
;
388 /* Read a number from a string S in base 64 as above. */
389 extern long int a64l (const char *__s
)
390 __THROW __attribute_pure__
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
392 #endif /* Use misc || extended X/Open. */
394 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
395 # include <sys/types.h> /* we need int32_t... */
397 /* These are the functions that actually do things. The `random', `srandom',
398 `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices.
399 The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard.
400 We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator. */
401 /* Return a random long integer between 0 and 2^31-1 inclusive. */
402 extern long int random (void) __THROW
;
404 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */
405 extern void srandom (unsigned int __seed
) __THROW
;
407 /* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF,
408 of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED. Optimal lengths are 8, 16,
409 32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will
410 cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down. */
411 extern char *initstate (unsigned int __seed
, char *__statebuf
,
412 size_t __statelen
) __THROW
__nonnull ((2));
414 /* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF,
415 which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'. */
416 extern char *setstate (char *__statebuf
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
420 /* Reentrant versions of the `random' family of functions.
421 These functions all use the following data structure to contain
422 state, rather than global state variables. */
426 int32_t *fptr
; /* Front pointer. */
427 int32_t *rptr
; /* Rear pointer. */
428 int32_t *state
; /* Array of state values. */
429 int rand_type
; /* Type of random number generator. */
430 int rand_deg
; /* Degree of random number generator. */
431 int rand_sep
; /* Distance between front and rear. */
432 int32_t *end_ptr
; /* Pointer behind state table. */
435 extern int random_r (struct random_data
*__restrict __buf
,
436 int32_t *__restrict __result
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
438 extern int srandom_r (unsigned int __seed
, struct random_data
*__buf
)
439 __THROW
__nonnull ((2));
441 extern int initstate_r (unsigned int __seed
, char *__restrict __statebuf
,
443 struct random_data
*__restrict __buf
)
444 __THROW
__nonnull ((2, 4));
446 extern int setstate_r (char *__restrict __statebuf
,
447 struct random_data
*__restrict __buf
)
448 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
449 # endif /* Use misc. */
450 #endif /* Use extended X/Open || misc. */
453 /* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive. */
454 extern int rand (void) __THROW
;
455 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number. */
456 extern void srand (unsigned int __seed
) __THROW
;
458 #ifdef __USE_POSIX199506
459 /* Reentrant interface according to POSIX.1. */
460 extern int rand_r (unsigned int *__seed
) __THROW
;
464 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
465 /* System V style 48-bit random number generator functions. */
467 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */
468 extern double drand48 (void) __THROW
;
469 extern double erand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi
[3]) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
471 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */
472 extern long int lrand48 (void) __THROW
;
473 extern long int nrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi
[3])
474 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
476 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */
477 extern long int mrand48 (void) __THROW
;
478 extern long int jrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi
[3])
479 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
481 /* Seed random number generator. */
482 extern void srand48 (long int __seedval
) __THROW
;
483 extern unsigned short int *seed48 (unsigned short int __seed16v
[3])
484 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
485 extern void lcong48 (unsigned short int __param
[7]) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
488 /* Data structure for communication with thread safe versions. This
489 type is to be regarded as opaque. It's only exported because users
490 have to allocate objects of this type. */
493 unsigned short int __x
[3]; /* Current state. */
494 unsigned short int __old_x
[3]; /* Old state. */
495 unsigned short int __c
; /* Additive const. in congruential formula. */
496 unsigned short int __init
; /* Flag for initializing. */
497 __extension__
unsigned long long int __a
; /* Factor in congruential
501 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0). */
502 extern int drand48_r (struct drand48_data
*__restrict __buffer
,
503 double *__restrict __result
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
504 extern int erand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi
[3],
505 struct drand48_data
*__restrict __buffer
,
506 double *__restrict __result
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
508 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31). */
509 extern int lrand48_r (struct drand48_data
*__restrict __buffer
,
510 long int *__restrict __result
)
511 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
512 extern int nrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi
[3],
513 struct drand48_data
*__restrict __buffer
,
514 long int *__restrict __result
)
515 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
517 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31). */
518 extern int mrand48_r (struct drand48_data
*__restrict __buffer
,
519 long int *__restrict __result
)
520 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
521 extern int jrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi
[3],
522 struct drand48_data
*__restrict __buffer
,
523 long int *__restrict __result
)
524 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
526 /* Seed random number generator. */
527 extern int srand48_r (long int __seedval
, struct drand48_data
*__buffer
)
528 __THROW
__nonnull ((2));
530 extern int seed48_r (unsigned short int __seed16v
[3],
531 struct drand48_data
*__buffer
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
533 extern int lcong48_r (unsigned short int __param
[7],
534 struct drand48_data
*__buffer
)
535 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2));
537 /* Return a random integer between zero and 2**32-1 (inclusive). */
538 extern __uint32_t
arc4random (void)
541 /* Fill the buffer with random data. */
542 extern void arc4random_buf (void *__buf
, size_t __size
)
543 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
545 /* Return a random number between zero (inclusive) and the specified
546 limit (exclusive). */
547 extern __uint32_t
arc4random_uniform (__uint32_t __upper_bound
)
549 # endif /* Use misc. */
550 #endif /* Use misc or X/Open. */
552 /* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory. */
553 extern void *malloc (size_t __size
) __THROW __attribute_malloc__
554 __attribute_alloc_size__ ((1)) __wur
;
555 /* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0. */
556 extern void *calloc (size_t __nmemb
, size_t __size
)
557 __THROW __attribute_malloc__
__attribute_alloc_size__ ((1, 2)) __wur
;
559 /* Re-allocate the previously allocated block
560 in PTR, making the new block SIZE bytes long. */
561 /* __attribute_malloc__ is not used, because if realloc returns
562 the same pointer that was passed to it, aliasing needs to be allowed
563 between objects pointed by the old and new pointers. */
564 extern void *realloc (void *__ptr
, size_t __size
)
565 __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__
__attribute_alloc_size__ ((2));
567 /* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'. */
568 extern void free (void *__ptr
) __THROW
;
571 /* Re-allocate the previously allocated block in PTR, making the new
572 block large enough for NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each. */
573 /* __attribute_malloc__ is not used, because if reallocarray returns
574 the same pointer that was passed to it, aliasing needs to be allowed
575 between objects pointed by the old and new pointers. */
576 extern void *reallocarray (void *__ptr
, size_t __nmemb
, size_t __size
)
577 __THROW __attribute_warn_unused_result__
578 __attribute_alloc_size__ ((2, 3))
581 /* Add reallocarray as its own deallocator. */
582 extern void *reallocarray (void *__ptr
, size_t __nmemb
, size_t __size
)
583 __THROW
__attr_dealloc (reallocarray
, 1);
588 #endif /* Use misc. */
590 #if (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K) \
591 || defined __USE_MISC
592 /* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary. The storage cannot be freed. */
593 extern void *valloc (size_t __size
) __THROW __attribute_malloc__
594 __attribute_alloc_size__ ((1)) __wur
;
598 /* Allocate memory of SIZE bytes with an alignment of ALIGNMENT. */
599 extern int posix_memalign (void **__memptr
, size_t __alignment
, size_t __size
)
600 __THROW
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
604 /* ISO C variant of aligned allocation. */
605 extern void *aligned_alloc (size_t __alignment
, size_t __size
)
606 __THROW __attribute_malloc__
__attribute_alloc_align__ ((1))
607 __attribute_alloc_size__ ((2)) __wur
;
610 /* Abort execution and generate a core-dump. */
611 extern void abort (void) __THROW
__attribute__ ((__noreturn__
));
614 /* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called. */
615 extern int atexit (void (*__func
) (void)) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
617 #if defined __USE_ISOC11 || defined __USE_ISOCXX11
618 /* Register a function to be called when `quick_exit' is called. */
620 extern "C++" int at_quick_exit (void (*__func
) (void))
621 __THROW
__asm ("at_quick_exit") __nonnull ((1));
623 extern int at_quick_exit (void (*__func
) (void)) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
628 /* Register a function to be called with the status
629 given to `exit' and the given argument. */
630 extern int on_exit (void (*__func
) (int __status
, void *__arg
), void *__arg
)
631 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
634 /* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit',
635 in the reverse of the order in which they were registered,
636 perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS. */
637 extern void exit (int __status
) __THROW
__attribute__ ((__noreturn__
));
639 #if defined __USE_ISOC11 || defined __USE_ISOCXX11
640 /* Call all functions registered with `at_quick_exit' in the reverse
641 of the order in which they were registered and terminate program
642 execution with STATUS. */
643 extern void quick_exit (int __status
) __THROW
__attribute__ ((__noreturn__
));
647 /* Terminate the program with STATUS without calling any of the
648 functions registered with `atexit' or `on_exit'. */
649 extern void _Exit (int __status
) __THROW
__attribute__ ((__noreturn__
));
653 /* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist. */
654 extern char *getenv (const char *__name
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
657 /* This function is similar to the above but returns NULL if the
658 programs is running with SUID or SGID enabled. */
659 extern char *secure_getenv (const char *__name
)
660 __THROW
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
663 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
664 /* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place. */
665 /* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
666 If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment. */
667 extern int putenv (char *__string
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
671 /* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment.
672 If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value. */
673 extern int setenv (const char *__name
, const char *__value
, int __replace
)
674 __THROW
__nonnull ((2));
676 /* Remove the variable NAME from the environment. */
677 extern int unsetenv (const char *__name
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
681 /* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
682 never made it. Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings
683 for Fortran 77) requires this function. */
684 extern int clearenv (void) __THROW
;
688 #if defined __USE_MISC \
689 || (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K8)
690 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
691 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
692 they are replaced with a string that makes the file name unique.
693 Always returns TEMPLATE, it's either a temporary file name or a null
694 string if it cannot get a unique file name. */
695 extern char *mktemp (char *__template
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
698 #if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
699 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
700 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
701 they are replaced with a string that makes the filename unique.
702 Returns a file descriptor open on the file for reading and writing,
703 or -1 if it cannot create a uniquely-named file.
705 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
706 marked with __THROW. */
707 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
708 extern int mkstemp (char *__template
) __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
711 extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemp
, (char *__template
), mkstemp64
)
712 __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
714 # define mkstemp mkstemp64
717 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
718 extern int mkstemp64 (char *__template
) __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
723 /* Similar to mkstemp, but the template can have a suffix after the
724 XXXXXX. The length of the suffix is specified in the second
727 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
728 marked with __THROW. */
729 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
730 extern int mkstemps (char *__template
, int __suffixlen
) __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
733 extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemps
, (char *__template
, int __suffixlen
),
734 mkstemps64
) __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
736 # define mkstemps mkstemps64
739 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
740 extern int mkstemps64 (char *__template
, int __suffixlen
)
741 __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
745 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
746 /* Create a unique temporary directory from TEMPLATE.
747 The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
748 they are replaced with a string that makes the directory name unique.
749 Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique name.
750 The directory is created mode 700. */
751 extern char *mkdtemp (char *__template
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
755 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE similar to
756 mkstemp. But allow the caller to pass additional flags which are
757 used in the open call to create the file..
759 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
760 marked with __THROW. */
761 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
762 extern int mkostemp (char *__template
, int __flags
) __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
765 extern int __REDIRECT (mkostemp
, (char *__template
, int __flags
), mkostemp64
)
766 __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
768 # define mkostemp mkostemp64
771 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
772 extern int mkostemp64 (char *__template
, int __flags
) __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
775 /* Similar to mkostemp, but the template can have a suffix after the
776 XXXXXX. The length of the suffix is specified in the second
779 This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
780 marked with __THROW. */
781 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
782 extern int mkostemps (char *__template
, int __suffixlen
, int __flags
)
783 __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
786 extern int __REDIRECT (mkostemps
, (char *__template
, int __suffixlen
,
787 int __flags
), mkostemps64
)
788 __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
790 # define mkostemps mkostemps64
793 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
794 extern int mkostemps64 (char *__template
, int __suffixlen
, int __flags
)
795 __nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
800 /* Execute the given line as a shell command.
802 This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
804 extern int system (const char *__command
) __wur
;
808 /* Return a malloc'd string containing the canonical absolute name of the
809 existing named file. */
810 extern char *canonicalize_file_name (const char *__name
)
811 __THROW
__nonnull ((1)) __attribute_malloc__
812 __attr_dealloc_free __wur
;
815 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
816 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME. If RESOLVED is
817 null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the canonical name is
818 PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno' set to
819 ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars,
820 returns the name in RESOLVED. */
821 extern char *realpath (const char *__restrict __name
,
822 char *__restrict __resolved
) __THROW __wur
;
826 /* Shorthand for type of comparison functions. */
827 #ifndef __COMPAR_FN_T
828 # define __COMPAR_FN_T
829 typedef int (*__compar_fn_t
) (const void *, const void *);
832 typedef __compar_fn_t comparison_fn_t
;
836 typedef int (*__compar_d_fn_t
) (const void *, const void *, void *);
839 /* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements
840 of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */
841 extern void *bsearch (const void *__key
, const void *__base
,
842 size_t __nmemb
, size_t __size
, __compar_fn_t __compar
)
843 __nonnull ((1, 2, 5)) __wur
;
845 #ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
846 # include <bits/stdlib-bsearch.h>
849 /* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each,
850 using COMPAR to perform the comparisons. */
851 extern void qsort (void *__base
, size_t __nmemb
, size_t __size
,
852 __compar_fn_t __compar
) __nonnull ((1, 4));
854 extern void qsort_r (void *__base
, size_t __nmemb
, size_t __size
,
855 __compar_d_fn_t __compar
, void *__arg
)
860 /* Return the absolute value of X. */
861 extern int abs (int __x
) __THROW
__attribute__ ((__const__
)) __wur
;
862 extern long int labs (long int __x
) __THROW
__attribute__ ((__const__
)) __wur
;
865 __extension__
extern long long int llabs (long long int __x
)
866 __THROW
__attribute__ ((__const__
)) __wur
;
870 /* Return the `div_t', `ldiv_t' or `lldiv_t' representation
871 of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */
872 /* GCC may have built-ins for these someday. */
873 extern div_t div (int __numer
, int __denom
)
874 __THROW
__attribute__ ((__const__
)) __wur
;
875 extern ldiv_t ldiv (long int __numer
, long int __denom
)
876 __THROW
__attribute__ ((__const__
)) __wur
;
879 __extension__
extern lldiv_t
lldiv (long long int __numer
,
880 long long int __denom
)
881 __THROW
__attribute__ ((__const__
)) __wur
;
885 #if (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) \
886 || defined __USE_MISC
887 /* Convert floating point numbers to strings. The returned values are
888 valid only until another call to the same function. */
890 /* Convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT digits and return a pointer to
891 this. Set *DECPT with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN
892 with the sign of the number. */
893 extern char *ecvt (double __value
, int __ndigit
, int *__restrict __decpt
,
894 int *__restrict __sign
) __THROW
__nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur
;
896 /* Convert VALUE to a string rounded to NDIGIT decimal digits. Set *DECPT
897 with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN with the sign of
899 extern char *fcvt (double __value
, int __ndigit
, int *__restrict __decpt
,
900 int *__restrict __sign
) __THROW
__nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur
;
902 /* If possible convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT significant digits.
903 Otherwise use exponential representation. The resulting string will
904 be written to BUF. */
905 extern char *gcvt (double __value
, int __ndigit
, char *__buf
)
906 __THROW
__nonnull ((3)) __wur
;
910 /* Long double versions of above functions. */
911 extern char *qecvt (long double __value
, int __ndigit
,
912 int *__restrict __decpt
, int *__restrict __sign
)
913 __THROW
__nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur
;
914 extern char *qfcvt (long double __value
, int __ndigit
,
915 int *__restrict __decpt
, int *__restrict __sign
)
916 __THROW
__nonnull ((3, 4)) __wur
;
917 extern char *qgcvt (long double __value
, int __ndigit
, char *__buf
)
918 __THROW
__nonnull ((3)) __wur
;
921 /* Reentrant version of the functions above which provide their own
923 extern int ecvt_r (double __value
, int __ndigit
, int *__restrict __decpt
,
924 int *__restrict __sign
, char *__restrict __buf
,
925 size_t __len
) __THROW
__nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
926 extern int fcvt_r (double __value
, int __ndigit
, int *__restrict __decpt
,
927 int *__restrict __sign
, char *__restrict __buf
,
928 size_t __len
) __THROW
__nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
930 extern int qecvt_r (long double __value
, int __ndigit
,
931 int *__restrict __decpt
, int *__restrict __sign
,
932 char *__restrict __buf
, size_t __len
)
933 __THROW
__nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
934 extern int qfcvt_r (long double __value
, int __ndigit
,
935 int *__restrict __decpt
, int *__restrict __sign
,
936 char *__restrict __buf
, size_t __len
)
937 __THROW
__nonnull ((3, 4, 5));
941 /* Return the length of the multibyte character
942 in S, which is no longer than N. */
943 extern int mblen (const char *__s
, size_t __n
) __THROW
;
944 /* Return the length of the given multibyte character,
945 putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC. */
946 extern int mbtowc (wchar_t *__restrict __pwc
,
947 const char *__restrict __s
, size_t __n
) __THROW
;
948 /* Put the multibyte character represented
949 by WCHAR in S, returning its length. */
950 extern int wctomb (char *__s
, wchar_t __wchar
) __THROW
;
953 /* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string. */
954 extern size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs
,
955 const char *__restrict __s
, size_t __n
) __THROW
956 __attr_access ((__read_only__
, 2));
957 /* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string. */
958 extern size_t wcstombs (char *__restrict __s
,
959 const wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs
, size_t __n
)
961 __fortified_attr_access (__write_only__
, 1, 3)
962 __attr_access ((__read_only__
, 2));
965 /* Determine whether the string value of RESPONSE matches the affirmation
966 or negative response expression as specified by the LC_MESSAGES category
967 in the program's current locale. Returns 1 if affirmative, 0 if
968 negative, and -1 if not matching. */
969 extern int rpmatch (const char *__response
) __THROW
__nonnull ((1)) __wur
;
973 #if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
974 /* Parse comma separated suboption from *OPTIONP and match against
975 strings in TOKENS. If found return index and set *VALUEP to
976 optional value introduced by an equal sign. If the suboption is
977 not part of TOKENS return in *VALUEP beginning of unknown
978 suboption. On exit *OPTIONP is set to the beginning of the next
979 token or at the terminating NUL character. */
980 extern int getsubopt (char **__restrict __optionp
,
981 char *const *__restrict __tokens
,
982 char **__restrict __valuep
)
983 __THROW
__nonnull ((1, 2, 3)) __wur
;
987 /* X/Open pseudo terminal handling. */
989 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2KXSI
990 /* Return a master pseudo-terminal handle. */
991 extern int posix_openpt (int __oflag
) __wur
;
994 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
995 /* The next four functions all take a master pseudo-tty fd and
996 perform an operation on the associated slave: */
998 /* Chown the slave to the calling user. */
999 extern int grantpt (int __fd
) __THROW
;
1001 /* Release an internal lock so the slave can be opened.
1002 Call after grantpt(). */
1003 extern int unlockpt (int __fd
) __THROW
;
1005 /* Return the pathname of the pseudo terminal slave associated with
1006 the master FD is open on, or NULL on errors.
1007 The returned storage is good until the next call to this function. */
1008 extern char *ptsname (int __fd
) __THROW __wur
;
1012 /* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the slave pseudo
1013 terminal associated with the master FD is open on in BUF.
1014 Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number. */
1015 extern int ptsname_r (int __fd
, char *__buf
, size_t __buflen
)
1016 __THROW
__nonnull ((2)) __fortified_attr_access (__write_only__
, 2, 3);
1018 /* Open a master pseudo terminal and return its file descriptor. */
1019 extern int getpt (void);
1023 /* Put the 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages into the first
1024 NELEM elements of LOADAVG. Return the number written (never more than
1025 three, but may be less than NELEM), or -1 if an error occurred. */
1026 extern int getloadavg (double __loadavg
[], int __nelem
)
1027 __THROW
__nonnull ((1));
1030 #if defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K
1031 /* Return the index into the active-logins file (utmp) for
1032 the controlling terminal. */
1033 extern int ttyslot (void) __THROW
;
1036 #include <bits/stdlib-float.h>
1038 /* Define some macros helping to catch buffer overflows. */
1039 #if __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL > 0 && defined __fortify_function
1040 # include <bits/stdlib.h>
1043 #include <bits/floatn.h>
1044 #if defined __LDBL_COMPAT || __LDOUBLE_REDIRECTS_TO_FLOAT128_ABI == 1
1045 # include <bits/stdlib-ldbl.h>
1050 #endif /* stdlib.h */