| blob | 2bb3a0a771a060f24c8d10ae2badc41755c5e0fb |
1 # @(#)australasia 7.40
2 # This file also includes Pacific islands.
4 # Notes are at the end of this file
6 ###############################################################################
8 # Australia
10 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
11 # Shanks gives 1917 Jan 1 0:01; go with Whitman (and guess 2:00).
12 Rule Aus 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00 1:00 -
13 Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 -
14 Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 -
15 Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 -
16 Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 -
17 Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
18 Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 -
19 # Whitman says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944, and that
20 # 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944; go with Shanks.
22 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
23 # Northern Territory
24 Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
25 9:00 - CST 1899 May
26 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
27 9:30 Aus CST
28 # Western Australia
29 Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
30 8:00 - WST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
31 8:00 Aus WST 1974 Oct lastSun 2:00s
32 8:00 1:00 WST 1975 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
33 8:00 - WST 1983 Oct lastSun 2:00s
34 8:00 1:00 WST 1984 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
35 8:00 - WST 1991 Nov 17 2:00s
36 8:00 1:00 WST 1992 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
37 8:00 - WST
38 # Queensland
39 #
40 # From Alex Livingston <alex@agsm.unsw.edu.au> (1996-11-01):
41 # I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast
42 # of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after
43 # Queensland ceased to.
44 #
45 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
46 # IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman,
47 # Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped.
48 # Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria,
49 # so use Lindeman.
50 #
51 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
52 Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
53 Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
54 Rule Holiday 1989 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
55 Rule Holiday 1990 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
56 Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895
57 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
58 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
59 10:00 1:00 EST 1972 Feb lastSun 2:00s
60 10:00 AQ EST
61 Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895
62 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
63 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
64 10:00 1:00 EST 1972 Feb lastSun 2:00s
65 10:00 Holiday EST
67 # South Australia
68 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
69 Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
70 Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
71 Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
72 Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
73 Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
74 Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
75 Rule AS 1990 1994 even Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
76 Rule AS 1990 1994 odd Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
77 Rule AS 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
78 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
79 Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
80 9:00 - CST 1899 May
81 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
82 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
83 9:30 AS CST
85 # Tasmania
86 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
87 Rule AT 1967 only - Oct 1 2:00s 1:00 -
88 Rule AT 1968 only - Mar 31 2:00s 0 -
89 Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
90 Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 -
91 Rule AT 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
92 Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
93 Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
94 Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
95 Rule AT 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
96 Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
97 Rule AT 1987 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
98 Rule AT 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
99 Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
100 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
101 Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
102 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
103 10:00 Aus EST 1967 Oct 1 2:00s
104 10:00 AT EST
106 # Victoria
107 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
108 Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
109 Rule AV 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
110 Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
111 Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
112 Rule AV 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
113 Rule AV 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
114 Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
115 Rule AV 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
117 Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
118 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
119 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
120 10:00 AV EST
122 # New South Wales
123 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
124 Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
125 Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
126 Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
127 Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
128 Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
129 Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
130 Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
131 Rule AN 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
132 Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
133 Rule AN 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
134 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
135 Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
136 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
137 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
138 10:00 AN EST
139 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
140 10:00 - EST 1896 Aug 23
141 9:00 - CST 1899 May
142 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
143 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
144 9:30 AN CST
146 # Lord Howe Island
147 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
148 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
149 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
150 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
151 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
152 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 0:30 -
153 Rule LH 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
154 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
155 Rule LH 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
156 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
157 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar
158 10:30 LH LHST
160 # Australian miscellany
161 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
162 Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
163 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time
164 #
165 # Ashmore Is, Cartier
166 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers
167 # no information; probably like Australia/Perth
168 #
169 # Coral Sea Is
170 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists
171 # no information
172 #
173 # Macquarie
174 # permanent occupation (scientific station) since 1948;
175 # sealing and penguin oil station operated 1888-1917
176 # no information
177 #
178 # Manihiki, Penrhyn, Rakehanga
179 # no information
182 # Cook Is
183 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
184 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS
185 Rule Cook 1979 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
186 Rule Cook 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
187 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
188 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
189 -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time
190 -10:00 Cook CK%sT
192 # Cocos
193 # From USNO (1989):
194 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
195 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time
197 # Fiji
198 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
199 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:53:40 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
200 12:00 - FJT # Fiji Time
202 # French Polynesia
203 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
204 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
205 -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time
206 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
207 -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time
208 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
209 -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time
211 # Guam
212 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
213 Zone Pacific/Guam 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
214 10:00 - GST
216 # Kiribati
217 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
218 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
219 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time
220 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
221 -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time
222 -11:00 - PHOT 1995
223 13:00 - PHOT
224 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
225 -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time
226 -10:00 - LINT 1995
227 14:00 - LINT
229 # N Mariana Is
230 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
231 Zone Pacific/Saipan 9:43:00 - LMT 1901
232 9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time
233 10:00 - MPT
235 # Marshall Is
236 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
237 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
238 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time
239 12:00 - MHT
240 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
241 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct
242 -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time
243 12:00 - MHT
245 # Micronesia
246 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
247 Zone Pacific/Yap 9:12:32 - LMT 1901 # Colonia
248 9:00 - YAPT 1969 Oct # Yap Time
249 10:00 - YAPT
250 Zone Pacific/Truk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
251 10:00 - TRUT # Truk Time
252 Zone Pacific/Ponape 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia
253 11:00 - PONT # Ponape Time
254 Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901
255 11:00 - PONT 1969 Oct
256 12:00 - KOST # Kosrae Time
258 # Nauru
259 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
260 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
261 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time
262 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15
263 11:30 - NRT 1979 May
264 12:00 - NRT
266 # New Caledonia
267 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
268 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
269 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
270 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S
271 Rule NC 1997 max - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
272 Rule NC 1997 max - Nov lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
273 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
274 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13
275 11:00 NC NC%sT
278 ###############################################################################
280 # New Zealand
282 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
283 # Shanks gives 1927 Nov 6 - 1928 Mar 4, 1928 Oct 14 - 1929 Mar 17,
284 # 1929 Oct 13 - 1930 Mar 16; go with Whitman.
285 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 26 2:00 0:30 HD
286 Rule NZ 1928 1929 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
287 Rule NZ 1928 only - Nov 4 2:00 0:30 HD
288 Rule NZ 1929 only - Oct 30 2:00 0:30 HD
289 Rule NZ 1930 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
290 Rule NZ 1930 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 HD
291 # Whitman says DST went on and off during war years, and the base UT offset
292 # didn't change until 1945 Apr 30; go with Shanks.
293 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 S
294 Rule NZ 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 HD
295 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
296 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
297 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
298 Rule NZ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
299 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
300 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
301 Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
302 Rule Chatham 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
303 Rule Chatham 1991 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S
304 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
305 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868
306 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1940 Sep 29 2:00
307 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
308 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT
311 # Auckland Is
312 # uninhabited
314 # Campbell I
315 # minor whaling stations operated 1909-14
316 # scientific station operated 1941-1995
317 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland
319 ###############################################################################
322 # Niue
323 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
324 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
325 -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time
326 -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1
327 -11:00 - NUT
329 # Norfolk
330 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
331 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
332 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time
333 11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time
335 # Palau
336 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
337 Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror
338 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time
340 # Papua New Guinea
341 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
342 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
343 9:48:40 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
344 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time
346 # Pitcairn
347 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
348 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
349 -8:30 - PNT # Pitcairn Time
351 # American Samoa
352 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
353 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911
354 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
355 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
356 -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
357 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
359 # W Samoa
360 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
361 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911
362 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
363 -11:00 - WST # W Samoa Time
365 # Solomon Is
366 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
367 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
368 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
369 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time
371 # Tokelau Is
372 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
373 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
374 -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time
376 # Tonga
377 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
378 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
379 12:20 - TOT 1968 Oct # Tonga Time
380 13:00 - TOT
382 # Tuvalu
383 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
384 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
385 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time
388 # US minor outlying islands
390 # Howland, Baker
391 # uninhabited since World War II
392 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Pago_Pago
394 # Jarvis
395 # uninhabited since 1958
396 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
398 # Johnston
399 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
400 Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST
402 # Kingman
403 # uninhabited
405 # Palmyra
406 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
408 # Wake
409 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
410 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
411 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time
414 # Vanuatu
415 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
416 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S
417 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
418 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S
419 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
420 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
421 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
422 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
423 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
424 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time
426 # Wallis and Futuna
427 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
428 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
429 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time
431 ###############################################################################
433 # NOTES
435 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
436 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
437 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
439 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1996-11-22):
440 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
441 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
442 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
443 #
444 # Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source
445 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
446 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
447 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
448 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
449 #
450 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
451 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
452 #
453 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
454 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
455 # I found in the UCLA library.
456 #
457 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
458 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude,
459 # Oxford University Press (1980).
460 #
461 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
462 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
463 # Corrections are welcome!
464 # std dst
465 # LMT Local Mean Time
466 # 8:00 WST WST Western Australia
467 # 9:00 JST Japan
468 # 9:30 CST CST Central Australia
469 # 10:00 EST EST Eastern Australia
470 # 10:00 GST Guam
471 # 10:30 LHST LHST Lord Howe*
472 # 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand
473 # 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham*
474 # -11:00 SST Samoa
475 # -10:00 HST Hawaii
476 #
477 # See the `northamerica' file for Hawaii.
478 # See the `southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galapagos Is.
480 ###############################################################################
482 # Australia
484 # From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
485 # We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
486 # It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer'
487 # and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the
488 # abbreviation does _not_ change...
489 # The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least
490 # in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the
491 # initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses
492 # the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight
493 # time'.
494 # Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian
495 # Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time'
496 # or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the
497 # current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers
498 # on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases
499 # prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times;
500 # time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC.
502 # From Arthur David Olson (March 8 1992):
503 # Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is:
504 # CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30
505 # WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
506 # EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00
508 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
509 # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
510 # Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper
511 # reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
512 # but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
513 # and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
514 # For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960.
516 # From Eric Ulevik <eau@zip.com.au> (1998-01-05):
517 #
518 # Here are some URLs to Australian time legislation. These URLs are stable,
519 # and should probably be included in the data file. There are probably more
520 # relevant entries in this database.
521 #
522 # NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill):
523 # <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html">
524 # Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04)
525 # </a>
526 # ACT
527 # <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html">
528 # Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972
529 # </a>
530 # SA
531 # <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html">
532 # Standard Time Act, 1898
533 # </a>
535 # Northern Territory
537 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
538 # # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ]
539 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
540 # # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location.
541 # ...
542 # Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST
544 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
545 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
546 # the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving.
548 # Western Australia
550 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
551 # # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ]
552 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
553 # # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to
554 # # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but
555 # # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus
556 # # before reaching parliament.
557 # ...
558 # Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST
559 # ...
560 # Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
561 # Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
562 # Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
563 # Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
565 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
566 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
567 # Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
569 # From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02):
570 # Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
571 # rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
572 # work at 9.00am.)
573 # W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
574 # everybody again.
576 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
577 # The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
578 # it matches what was used in the past.
580 # Queensland
581 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
582 # # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
583 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
584 # ...
585 # Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST
586 # ...
587 # Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
588 # Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
589 # Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
590 # Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
592 # From Bradley White (1989-12-24):
593 # "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
594 # October 1989).
596 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
597 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
598 # ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
599 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
601 # From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
602 # I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact
603 # end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised
604 # me.)
606 # From Bradley White (1992-03-08):
607 # ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted
608 # in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ...
609 # ...
610 # Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
611 # Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
612 # ...
614 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
615 # The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes.
617 # South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
619 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
620 # The rules from version 7.1 follow.
621 # There are lots of differences between these rules and
622 # the Shepherd et al. rules. Since the Shepherd et al. rules
623 # and Bradley White's newspaper article are in agreement on
624 # current DST ending dates, no worries.
625 #
626 # Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
627 # Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
628 # Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
629 # Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
630 # Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
631 # Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST
632 # Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST
633 # Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00
634 # 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun<=21 3:00
635 # 10:00 Oz EST
637 # From Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
638 # I believe that the current start date for DST is "lastSun" in Oct...
639 # that changed Oct 89. That is, we're back to the
640 # original rule, and that rule currently applies in all the states
641 # that have dst, incl Qld. (Certainly it was true in Vic).
642 # The file I'm including says that happened in 1988, I think
643 # that's incorrect, but I'm not 100% certain.
645 # South Australia
647 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
648 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
649 # ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
650 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
652 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
653 # # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ]
654 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
655 # ...
656 # Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST
657 # ...
658 # Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
659 # Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
660 # Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 C
661 # Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
663 # From Bradley White (1992-03-11):
664 # Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide
665 # contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival,
666 # South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks."
668 # From Robert Elz (1992-03-13):
669 # I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that)
670 # South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even
671 # numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival
672 # is on...
674 # From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000):
675 # DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday)....
676 # But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever...
677 # (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...).
679 # From Bradley White (1994-04-11):
680 # If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March,
681 # 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can
682 # only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated....
684 # From John Warburton <jwarb@SACBH.com.au> (1994-10-07):
685 # The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ...
686 # was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994....
687 # start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March.
689 # Tasmania
691 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
692 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
693 # ...Tasmania will revert to Australian Eastern Standard Time on March 31...
695 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
696 # # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
697 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
698 # ...
699 # Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 AT %sST
700 # ...
701 # Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
702 # Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
703 # Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
704 # Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 3:00 0 E
705 # Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
706 # Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
707 # Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
708 # Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
709 # Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
710 # Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 E
711 # Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00 1:00 D
712 # Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
713 # Rule AT 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
714 # Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
716 # From Bill Hart via Alexander Dupuy and Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
717 # My state Government in there eagerness to get a few more bucks for the
718 # tourist industry industry decided to change the daylight savings times
719 # yet again (we now have almost 6 months per year)...
720 # ...
721 # Rule Oz 1986 1990 - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
722 # Rule Oz 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
723 # ...
724 # Rule Oz 1987 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
725 # Rule Oz 1991 max - Mar Sun<=31 3:00 0 -
727 # From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
728 # Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have
729 # 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia
730 # (but nothing new about that).
732 # Victoria
734 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
735 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
736 # ...Victoria...[has] agreed to end daylight saving at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
738 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
739 # # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
740 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
741 # ...
742 # Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 AV %sST
743 # ...
744 # Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
745 # Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
746 # Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
747 # Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 E
748 # Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
749 # Rule AV 1988 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
750 # Rule AV 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
752 # New South Wales
754 # From Arthur David Olson:
755 # New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time.
756 # Based on law library research by John Mackin (john@basser.cs.su.oz),
757 # who notes:
758 # In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the
759 # individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time''
760 # [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common
761 # use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the
762 # legislation. This is very important to understand.
763 # I have researched New South Wales time only...
765 # From Dave Davey (1990-03-03):
766 # Rule NSW 1988 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
767 # Rule NSW 1989 only - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
769 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
770 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
771 # NSW...[has] agreed to end daylight saving at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
773 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
774 # # The state of NEW SOUTH WALES.. [confirmed by Attorney General's Dept N.S.W]
775 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
776 # ...
777 # Rule AN 1988 1989 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 E
778 # ...
780 # From John Mackin (1991-03-09)
781 # I have confirmed the accuracy of the historical data for NSW in the
782 # file Robert forwarded
784 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
785 # Sources differ on whether DST ended March 6 or March 20 in 1988;
786 # March 20 (the "confirmed" date) is in the chosen rules.
788 # From Bradley White (1995-05-20):
789 # Prem Bob Carr announced NSW will fall into line with other E states
790 # and SA and continue daylight savings to the last Sun in Mar.
792 # From Eric Ulevik <eau@ozemail.com.au> (1997-06-12):
793 # The NSW state government in Australia is talking about bringing the start
794 # of daylight savings time forward in the year 2000 to cater for the Olympics.
795 # This is going to take some time to be negotiated, because the plan is to do
796 # this in multiple states due to soccer games (which are not just in Sydney).
798 # Yancowinna
800 # From John Basser (1989-01-04):
801 # `Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna.
803 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
804 # # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ]
805 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
806 # ...
807 # # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite it's location on the
808 # # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings
809 # # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government
810 # # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have
811 # # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not
812 # # presently available.
813 # Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST
814 # ...
815 # Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
816 # Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C
817 # [followed by other Rules]
819 # Lord Howe Island
821 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
822 # LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen.. pauline@Aus ]
823 # [ Dec 1990 ]
824 # Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
825 # hour ahead of NSW time.
827 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
828 # For Lord Howe we use Shanks through its time of publication (1991).
829 # Lord Howe is part of NSW, so we'll guess it has used the same transition
830 # times as NSW since 1991, even though Shanks writes that Lord Howe went
831 # with Victoria when NSW and Victoria disagreed in 1982.
833 ###############################################################################
835 # New Zealand, from Elz' asia 1.1
836 # Elz says "no guarantees"
838 # From Mark Davies (1990-10-03):
839 # the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period.
840 # This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for
841 # subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start).
842 # source -- phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office.
844 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
845 # # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that!
846 # # or is Australia the west island of N.Z.
847 # # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Geofft@Aus.. Auckland N.Z. ]
848 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
849 # ...
850 # Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
851 # Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
852 # Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
853 # Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S
854 # ...
855 # Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand
856 # Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island
858 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
859 # The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989
860 # rather than the October 1 value.
862 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19);
863 # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
864 # Robert Uzgalis <buz@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> writes that the New Zealand Daylight
865 # Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
866 # time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
867 # As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00.
868 #
869 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
870 # Shanks gives no data for Chatham; usno1989 says it's +12:45,
871 # usno1995 says it's +12:45/+13:45, and IATA SSIM (1991/1996)
872 # gives the NZ rules but with transitions at 2:45 local standard time.
873 # Guess that they adopted DST in 1990.
875 ###############################################################################
877 # Fiji
879 # Howse writes (p 162) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
880 # enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on +12:00.
881 # Perhaps it didn't take. We go with Shanks's more precise date in 1915.
883 # Johnston
885 # Johnston data is from usno1995.
887 # Kiribati
889 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
890 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati
891 # ``declared it the same day throught the country as of Jan. 1, 1995''
892 # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
894 # Kwajalein
896 # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
897 # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
898 # 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
899 # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
900 # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
902 # N Mariana Is, Guam
904 # Howse writes (p 162) ``The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
905 # Philippines and the Ladrones from America,'' and implies that the Ladrones
906 # (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
907 # Ignore this for now, as we have no hard data. See also Asia/Manila.
909 # Micronesia
911 # Alan Eugene Davis <adavis@kuentos.guam.net> writes (1996-03-16),
912 # ``I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that "Truk"
913 # (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10.''
914 #
915 # Shanks writes that Truk switched from GMT+10 to GMT+11 on 1978-10-01;
916 # ignore this for now.
918 # Samoa
920 # Howse writes that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change
921 # ``the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
922 # ordaining -- by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery -- that
923 # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year.''
925 # Tonga
927 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
928 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that ``Tonga has been plotting
929 # to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time.''
930 # Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.