| blob | 13bd5270e88f8e944abf6439789f52bdacfad164 |
1 # @(#)southamerica 7.52
3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
8 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
9 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
10 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
11 #
12 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
13 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
14 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
15 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
16 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
17 #
18 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
19 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
20 #
21 # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
22 # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
23 # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
24 # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
25 # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
26 # in Europe and South America.
27 # -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
28 # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
29 #
30 # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
31 # for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
32 # "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
33 # the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
34 # The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
35 # Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
36 # "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
37 # The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
38 # "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
39 # name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
40 # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
41 # Corrections are welcome!
42 # std dst
43 # -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
44 # -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
45 # -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
46 # -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
48 ###############################################################################
50 ###############################################################################
52 # Argentina
54 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
55 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
56 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
58 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
59 # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
61 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
62 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
63 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
65 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
66 Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
67 Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
68 Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
69 Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
70 Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
71 Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
72 Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
73 Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
74 Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
75 Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
76 Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
77 Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
78 Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
79 Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
80 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
81 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
82 Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
83 Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
84 Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
85 Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
86 Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
87 Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
88 #
89 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
90 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
91 # obtaining the data from the:
92 # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
93 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
94 #
95 # Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
96 Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
97 Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
98 #
99 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
100 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
101 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
102 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
103 #
104 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
105 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
106 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
107 # from the International Date Line.
108 Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
109 Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
110 #
111 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
112 # We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
113 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
114 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
115 #
116 # From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre@bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04):
117 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
118 # de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
119 # in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
120 #
121 # From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
122 # one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
123 # Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
124 # in effect.... The article is at
125 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
126 # ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
127 # 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
128 # http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
129 # Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
130 #
131 # (2001-06-12):
132 # the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
133 # Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
134 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
135 #
136 # (2001-06-25):
137 # Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
138 # Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
139 # http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
140 # It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
141 # This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
142 # We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
143 #
144 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
145 # Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
146 # its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
147 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
148 # From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
149 # It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
150 # now we'll assume it's for this year only.
151 #
152 # From Paul Eggert (2002-01-22):
153 # <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
154 # Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2000-10-01)
155 # </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
156 # to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value
157 # over Shanks.
158 #
159 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
160 # These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
161 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
162 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
163 #
164 # The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
165 # midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
166 # Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
167 # time in October 17th.
168 #
169 # Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
170 # Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman.
171 #
172 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
173 # ... this weekend, the Province of Tucuman decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
174 # yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
175 # annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
176 #
177 # From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):
178 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ...
179 # "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from
180 # the start. The government had decreed that the measure would take
181 # effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin
182 # three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday....
183 # Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place
184 # on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other
185 # provinces). Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier. So the article
186 # contains a contradiction. I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday
187 # date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del
188 # Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00.
190 # Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks through 1992, from
191 # the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks says that
192 # America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, but we
193 # haven't verified this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region.
194 #
195 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
196 #
197 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
198 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
199 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
200 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
201 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
202 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
203 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
204 -3:00 - ART
205 #
206 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
207 # Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Santiago del Estero (SE), Cordoba (CB),
208 # San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
209 #
210 # Shanks also makes the following claims, which we haven't verified:
211 # - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
212 # - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
213 # - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
214 # - San Luis switched to -4:00 on 1990-03-14, then to -3:00 on 1990-10-15,
215 # then to -4:00 on 1991-03-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-06-01.
216 # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
217 # then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
218 #
219 Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
220 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
221 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
222 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
223 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
224 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
225 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
226 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
227 -3:00 - ART
228 #
229 # Tucuman (TM)
230 Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
231 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
232 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
233 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
234 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
235 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
236 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
237 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
238 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
239 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 13
240 -3:00 - ART
241 #
242 # La Rioja (LR)
243 Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
244 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
245 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
246 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
247 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
248 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
249 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
250 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
251 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
252 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
253 -3:00 - ART
254 #
255 # San Juan (SJ)
256 Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
257 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
258 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
259 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
260 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
261 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
262 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
263 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
264 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
265 -4:00 - WART 2004 Oct 17
266 -3:00 - ART
267 #
268 # Jujuy (JY)
269 Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
270 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
271 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
272 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
273 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
274 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28
275 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17
276 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
277 -3:00 1:00 ARST 1992
278 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
279 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
280 -3:00 - ART
281 #
282 # Catamarca (CT)
283 Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
284 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
285 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
286 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
287 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
288 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
289 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
290 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
291 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
292 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
293 -3:00 - ART
294 #
295 # Mendoza (MZ)
296 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
297 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
298 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
299 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
300 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
301 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15
302 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1
303 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
304 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
305 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
306 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
307 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
308 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 23
309 -4:00 - WART 2004 Oct 17
310 -3:00 - ART
311 #
312 # Chubut (CH)
313 # The name "Comodoro Rivadavia" exceeds the 14-byte POSIX limit.
314 Zone America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia -4:30:00 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
315 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
316 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
317 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
318 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
319 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
320 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
321 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
322 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
323 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
324 -3:00 - ART
325 #
326 # Santa Cruz (SC)
327 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
328 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
329 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
330 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
331 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
332 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
333 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
334 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
335 -3:00 - ART
336 #
337 # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
338 Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
339 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
340 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
341 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
342 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
343 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
344 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 30
345 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
346 -3:00 - ART
348 # Aruba
349 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
350 Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
351 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
352 -4:00 - AST
354 # Bolivia
355 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
356 Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
357 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
358 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
359 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
361 # Brazil
363 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
364 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
365 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
366 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
367 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
368 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
370 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
371 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
372 # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
373 # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
374 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
375 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
377 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
378 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
379 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
380 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
381 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
382 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
383 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
384 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
385 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
386 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
387 # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
388 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
389 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
390 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
391 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
392 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
393 # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
394 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
396 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
397 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
398 # Brazilian official page
399 # </a>
401 # From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
402 # [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
403 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
404 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
406 # From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09):
407 # The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil.
408 #
409 # Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and
410 # the results are known almost immediately. Yesterday, it was the first
411 # round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President,
412 # Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies. Nobody is
413 # counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second
414 # round for the Presidency and also for some Governors. The 2nd round will
415 # take place on October 27th.
416 #
417 # The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands
418 # of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the
419 # Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
420 # the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution
421 # (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)...
423 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10):
424 # The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
425 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
426 # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
427 # </a> (2001-09-20, in Portuguese).
428 # The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
429 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
430 # Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
431 # </a> (in Portuguese).
433 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
434 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
435 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
436 Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
437 Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
438 Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
439 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
440 # revoked DST.
441 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
442 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
443 Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
444 Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
445 Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
446 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
447 Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
448 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
449 # revoked DST.
450 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
451 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
452 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
453 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
454 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
455 Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
456 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
457 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
458 Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
459 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
460 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
461 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
462 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
463 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
464 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
465 Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
466 Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
467 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
468 # revoked DST.
469 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
470 Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
471 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
472 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
473 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
474 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
475 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
476 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
477 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
478 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
479 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
480 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
481 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
482 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
483 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
484 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
485 # with the same exceptions
486 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
487 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
488 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
489 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
490 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
491 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
492 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
493 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
494 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
495 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
496 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
497 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
498 # adopted by same states.
499 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
500 Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
501 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
502 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
503 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22;
504 # web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
505 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
506 # adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
507 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
508 # adds AL, SE.
509 Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
510 Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
511 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
512 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
513 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
514 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
515 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
516 # From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
517 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
518 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
519 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
520 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
521 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
522 #
523 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
524 # <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
525 # Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
526 # </a>,
527 # Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
528 #
529 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
530 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
531 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
532 # (1998-02-10)
533 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
534 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
535 # adopted by the same states as before.
536 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
537 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
538 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
539 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
540 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
541 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
542 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
543 Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
544 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
545 # adopted by the same states as before.
546 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
547 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
548 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
549 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
550 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
551 # (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
552 Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
553 Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
554 # Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
555 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm"></a>
556 Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 S
557 # Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
558 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm"></a>
559 Rule Brazil 2003 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
560 # The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
561 # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
562 #
563 # For dates after mid-2004, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
564 # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
567 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
568 #
569 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
570 Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
571 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
572 -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30
573 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15
574 -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13
575 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1
576 -2:00 - FNT
577 # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
578 # These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES),
579 # Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE).
580 # Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
581 # it also included the Penedos.
582 #
583 # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
584 # East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
585 # The division between east and west Para is the river Xingu.
586 # In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
587 # the border with Amapa) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
588 Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
589 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
590 -3:00 - BRT
591 #
592 # Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
593 # Paraiba (PB)
594 Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
595 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
596 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
597 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
598 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
599 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
600 -3:00 - BRT
601 #
602 # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
603 Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
604 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
605 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
606 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
607 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
608 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
609 -3:00 - BRT
610 #
611 # Tocantins (TO)
612 Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
613 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
614 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
615 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
616 -3:00 - BRT
617 #
618 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
619 Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
620 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
621 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
622 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
623 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
624 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
625 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
626 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
627 -3:00 - BRT
628 #
629 # Bahia (BA)
630 # There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
631 # of America/Salvador.
632 Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914
633 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
634 -3:00 - BRT
635 #
636 # Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
637 # Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
638 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
639 Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
640 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
641 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
642 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
643 #
644 # Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
645 Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914
646 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
647 #
648 # Mato Grosso (MT)
649 Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
650 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2003 Sep 24
651 -4:00 - AMT
652 #
653 # west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
654 # West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
655 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
656 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
657 -4:00 - AMT
658 #
659 # Roraima (RR)
660 Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
661 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
662 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
663 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
664 -4:00 - AMT
665 #
666 # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
667 # The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
668 # east from west Amazonas.
669 Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
670 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
671 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
672 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
673 -4:00 - AMT
674 #
675 # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
676 # Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
677 Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
678 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
679 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
680 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
681 -5:00 - ACT
682 #
683 # Acre (AC)
684 Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
685 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
686 -5:00 - ACT
689 # Chile
691 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
692 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
693 # of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
694 # (1998-09-29):
695 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
696 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
697 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
699 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
700 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
701 # on April 3, (one-time change).
703 # From Gwillim Law (2001-05-04):
704 # I came across another article in "La Tercera" about Chilean DST.
705 # <http://www.tercera.cl/diario/2000/10/13/t-extras.html>
706 # It clearly confirms my earlier suggestion, that DST begins at 22:00
707 # on Easter Island.... But it also seems to be saying that the
708 # observance of DST in Chile began in 1966, rather than 1969 as
709 # ... [Shanks] has it....
710 #
711 # My translation:
712 #
713 # "The Chilean Army has announced that summer time will begin tomorrow,
714 # Saturday, October 14 in continental Chile, insular Chile, and
715 # Antarctica, as provided by Supreme Decree 25 of January 11, 1966.
716 # By the preceding, official time in continental Chile and Chilean
717 # Antarctic, and official time in Western Insular Chile, which applies
718 # to Easter Island and Sala y Gomez Island, will be set forward at
719 # midnight and at 22:00, respectively, by 20 minutes."
721 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
722 # Go with this article in preference to Shanks's 1969 date for modern DST.
723 # Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
725 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-24):
726 # <http://www.shoa.cl/shoa/faqhoraoficial.htm> gives many details that
727 # disagree with the following table, but we haven't had time to compare them.
729 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
730 Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
731 Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
732 Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
733 Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
734 Rule Chile 1966 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
735 Rule Chile 1967 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
736 Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
737 Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
738 Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
739 Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
740 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
741 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
742 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
743 Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
744 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
745 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
746 -4:00 Chile CL%sT
747 Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
748 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
749 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
750 -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
751 #
752 # Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
753 # Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
754 # San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
756 # Colombia
757 # Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
758 # as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
759 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
760 Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
761 Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
762 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
763 Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
764 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
765 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
766 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
767 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
769 # Curacao
770 # Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
771 # standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
772 # used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
773 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
774 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
775 Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
776 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
777 -4:00 - AST
779 # Ecuador
780 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
781 Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
782 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
783 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
784 Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
785 -5:00 - ECT 1986
786 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
788 # Falklands
790 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
791 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
792 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
794 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
795 # via Jesper Norgaard:
796 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
797 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
798 # September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
799 # am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
800 # Sunday 1 September.
802 # From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
803 #
804 # I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
805 # time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
806 # what was said then:
807 #
808 # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
809 # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
810 # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
811 # There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
812 # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
813 # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
814 # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
815 # and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
816 # is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
817 # as UK or Chile."
818 #
819 # I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
820 # 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
821 # not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
822 #
823 # Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
824 # Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
825 # that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
826 # West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
827 # DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
828 # it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
829 #
830 # I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
831 # which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
832 # the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
833 # customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
835 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
836 # For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
837 # better info.
839 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
840 Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
841 Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
842 Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
843 Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
844 Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
845 Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
846 Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
847 Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
848 Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
849 Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
850 Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
851 Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
852 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
853 Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
854 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
855 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
856 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
857 -4:00 Falk FK%sT
859 # French Guiana
860 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
861 Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
862 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
863 -3:00 - GFT
865 # Guyana
866 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
867 Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
868 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
869 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
870 -3:00 - GYT 1991
871 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
872 -4:00 - GYT
874 # Paraguay
875 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
876 # Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
877 # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
878 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
879 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
880 Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
881 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
882 Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
883 Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
884 Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
885 Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
886 Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
887 Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
888 Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
889 Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
890 Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
891 Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
892 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
893 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
894 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
895 # (10-01).
896 #
897 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
898 # <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
899 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
900 # </a>:
901 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
902 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
903 # system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
904 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
905 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
906 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
907 #
908 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
909 # http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
910 #
911 Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
912 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
913 Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
914 # Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
915 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
916 Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
917 # From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
918 # A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
919 # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
920 # April.
921 Rule Para 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
922 Rule Para 2002 max - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
925 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
926 Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
927 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
928 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
929 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
930 -4:00 Para PY%sT
932 # Peru
933 #
934 # <a href="news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net">
935 # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26):</a>
936 # When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
937 # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
938 #
939 # From Paul Eggert (2003-11-02):
940 # Shanks doesn't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
942 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
943 Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
944 Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
945 Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
946 Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
947 Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
948 Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
949 Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
950 Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
951 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
952 Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
953 Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
954 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
955 Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
956 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
957 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
959 # South Georgia
960 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
961 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
962 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
964 # South Sandwich Is
965 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
967 # Suriname
968 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
969 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
970 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
971 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
972 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
973 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
974 -3:00 - SRT
976 # Trinidad and Tobago
977 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
978 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
979 -4:00 - AST
981 # Uruguay
982 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
983 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
984 # From Shanks:
985 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
986 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
987 Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
988 Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
989 Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
990 Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
991 # Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
992 Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
993 Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
994 Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
995 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
996 Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
997 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
998 # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
999 Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
1000 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
1001 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
1002 Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
1003 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
1004 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
1005 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
1006 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
1007 Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1008 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
1009 Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
1010 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
1011 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
1012 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
1013 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
1014 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
1015 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
1016 Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1017 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
1018 Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1019 Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
1020 Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
1021 Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
1022 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
1023 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
1024 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
1025 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
1026 # Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
1027 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
1028 Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1029 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
1030 Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
1031 Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
1032 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1033 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
1034 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
1035 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
1036 -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
1038 # Venezuela
1039 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1040 Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
1041 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
1042 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
1043 -4:00 - VET