stdlib/stdlib.h

   1 /* Copyright (C) 1991-99,2000,01,02 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   2    This file is part of the GNU C Library.
   3
   4    The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   5    modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
   6    License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
   7    version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   8
   9    The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  12    Lesser General Public License for more details.
  13
  14    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  15    License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
  16    Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
  17    02111-1307 USA.  */
  18
  19 /*
  20  *      ISO C99 Standard: 7.20 General utilities        <stdlib.h>
  21  */
  22
  23 #ifndef _STDLIB_H
  24
  25 #include <features.h>
  26
  27 /* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>.  */
  28 #define         __need_size_t
  29 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
  30 # define        __need_wchar_t
  31 # define        __need_NULL
  32 #endif
  33 #include <stddef.h>
  34
  35 __BEGIN_DECLS
  36
  37 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
  38 #define _STDLIB_H       1
  39
  40 #if defined __USE_XOPEN && !defined _SYS_WAIT_H
  41 /* XPG requires a few symbols from <sys/wait.h> being defined.  */
  42 # include <bits/waitflags.h>
  43 # include <bits/waitstatus.h>
  44
  45 # ifdef __USE_BSD
  46
  47 /* Lots of hair to allow traditional BSD use of `union wait'
  48    as well as POSIX.1 use of `int' for the status word.  */
  49
  50 #  if defined __GNUC__ && !defined __cplusplus
  51 #   define __WAIT_INT(status)                                                 \
  52   (__extension__ ({ union { __typeof(status) __in; int __i; } __u;            \
  53                     __u.__in = (status); __u.__i; }))
  54 #  else
  55 #   define __WAIT_INT(status)   (*(int *) &(status))
  56 #  endif
  57
  58 /* This is the type of the argument to `wait'.  The funky union
  59    causes redeclarations with ether `int *' or `union wait *' to be
  60    allowed without complaint.  __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN is the type used in
  61    the actual function definitions.  */
  62
  63 #  if !defined __GNUC__ || __GNUC__ < 2 || defined __cplusplus
  64 #   define __WAIT_STATUS        void *
  65 #   define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN   void *
  66 #  else
  67 /* This works in GCC 2.6.1 and later.  */
  68 typedef union
  69   {
  70     union wait *__uptr;
  71     int *__iptr;
  72   } __WAIT_STATUS __attribute__ ((__transparent_union__));
  73 #   define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN   int *
  74 #  endif
  75
  76 # else /* Don't use BSD.  */
  77
  78 #  define __WAIT_INT(status)    (status)
  79 #  define __WAIT_STATUS         int *
  80 #  define __WAIT_STATUS_DEFN    int *
  81
  82 # endif /* Use BSD.  */
  83
  84 /* Define the macros <sys/wait.h> also would define this way.  */
  85 # define WEXITSTATUS(status)    __WEXITSTATUS(__WAIT_INT(status))
  86 # define WTERMSIG(status)       __WTERMSIG(__WAIT_INT(status))
  87 # define WSTOPSIG(status)       __WSTOPSIG(__WAIT_INT(status))
  88 # define WIFEXITED(status)      __WIFEXITED(__WAIT_INT(status))
  89 # define WIFSIGNALED(status)    __WIFSIGNALED(__WAIT_INT(status))
  90 # define WIFSTOPPED(status)     __WIFSTOPPED(__WAIT_INT(status))
  91 #endif  /* X/Open and <sys/wait.h> not included.  */
  92
  93 /* Returned by `div'.  */
  94 typedef struct
  95   {
  96     int quot;                   /* Quotient.  */
  97     int rem;                    /* Remainder.  */
  98   } div_t;
  99
 100 /* Returned by `ldiv'.  */
 101 #ifndef __ldiv_t_defined
 102 typedef struct
 103   {
 104     long int quot;              /* Quotient.  */
 105     long int rem;               /* Remainder.  */
 106   } ldiv_t;
 107 # define __ldiv_t_defined       1
 108 #endif
 109
 110 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 && !defined __lldiv_t_defined
 111 /* Returned by `lldiv'.  */
 112 __extension__ typedef struct
 113   {
 114     long long int quot;         /* Quotient.  */
 115     long long int rem;          /* Remainder.  */
 116   } lldiv_t;
 117 # define __lldiv_t_defined      1
 118 #endif
 119
 120
 121 /* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX).  */
 122 #define RAND_MAX        2147483647
 123
 124
 125 /* We define these the same for all machines.
 126    Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'.  */
 127 #define EXIT_FAILURE    1       /* Failing exit status.  */
 128 #define EXIT_SUCCESS    0       /* Successful exit status.  */
 129
 130
 131 /* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale.  */
 132 #define MB_CUR_MAX      (__ctype_get_mb_cur_max ())
 133 extern size_t __ctype_get_mb_cur_max (void) __THROW;
 134
 135
 136 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number.  */
 137 extern double atof (__const char *__nptr) __THROW __attribute_pure__;
 138 /* Convert a string to an integer.  */
 139 extern int atoi (__const char *__nptr) __THROW __attribute_pure__;
 140 /* Convert a string to a long integer.  */
 141 extern long int atol (__const char *__nptr) __THROW __attribute_pure__;
 142
 143 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 || (defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_MISC)
 144 /* Convert a string to a long long integer.  */
 145 __extension__ extern long long int atoll (__const char *__nptr)
 146      __THROW __attribute_pure__;
 147 #endif
 148
 149 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number.  */
 150 extern double strtod (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 151                       char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW;
 152
 153 #ifdef  __USE_ISOC99
 154 /* Likewise for `float' and `long double' sizes of floating-point numbers.  */
 155 extern float strtof (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 156                      char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW;
 157
 158 extern long double strtold (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 159                             char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW;
 160 #endif
 161
 162 /* Convert a string to a long integer.  */
 163 extern long int strtol (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 164                         char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) __THROW;
 165 /* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer.  */
 166 extern unsigned long int strtoul (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 167                                   char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 168      __THROW;
 169
 170 #if defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_BSD
 171 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer.  */
 172 __extension__
 173 extern long long int strtoq (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 174                              char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) __THROW;
 175 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer.  */
 176 __extension__
 177 extern unsigned long long int strtouq (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 178                                        char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 179      __THROW;
 180 #endif /* GCC and use BSD.  */
 181
 182 #if defined __USE_ISOC99 || (defined __GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG && defined __USE_MISC)
 183 /* These functions will part of the standard C library in ISO C99.  */
 184
 185 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer.  */
 186 __extension__
 187 extern long long int strtoll (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 188                               char **__restrict __endptr, int __base) __THROW;
 189 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer.  */
 190 __extension__
 191 extern unsigned long long int strtoull (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 192                                         char **__restrict __endptr, int __base)
 193      __THROW;
 194 #endif /* ISO C99 or GCC and use MISC.  */
 195
 196
 197 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 198 /* The concept of one static locale per category is not very well
 199    thought out.  Many applications will need to process its data using
 200    information from several different locales.  Another application is
 201    the implementation of the internationalization handling in the
 202    upcoming ISO C++ standard library.  To support this another set of
 203    the functions using locale data exist which have an additional
 204    argument.
 205
 206    Attention: all these functions are *not* standardized in any form.
 207    This is a proof-of-concept implementation.  */
 208
 209 /* Structure for reentrant locale using functions.  This is an
 210    (almost) opaque type for the user level programs.  */
 211 # include <xlocale.h>
 212
 213 /* Special versions of the functions above which take the locale to
 214    use as an additional parameter.  */
 215 extern long int __strtol_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 216                             char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
 217                             __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 218 extern long int strtol_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 219                           char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
 220                           __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 221
 222 extern unsigned long int __strtoul_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 223                                       char **__restrict __endptr,
 224                                       int __base, __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 225 extern unsigned long int strtoul_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 226                                     char **__restrict __endptr,
 227                                     int __base, __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 228
 229 __extension__
 230 extern long long int __strtoll_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 231                                   char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
 232                                   __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 233 __extension__
 234 extern long long int strtoll_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 235                                 char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
 236                                 __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 237
 238 __extension__
 239 extern unsigned long long int __strtoull_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 240                                             char **__restrict __endptr,
 241                                             int __base, __locale_t __loc)
 242      __THROW;
 243 __extension__
 244 extern unsigned long long int strtoull_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 245                                           char **__restrict __endptr,
 246                                           int __base, __locale_t __loc)
 247      __THROW;
 248
 249 extern double __strtod_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 250                           char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc)
 251      __THROW;
 252 extern double strtod_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 253                         char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc)
 254      __THROW;
 255
 256 extern float __strtof_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 257                          char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 258 extern float strtof_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 259                        char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 260
 261 extern long double __strtold_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 262                                 char **__restrict __endptr,
 263                                 __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 264 extern long double strtold_l (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 265                               char **__restrict __endptr,
 266                               __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
 267 #endif /* GNU */
 268
 269
 270 /* The internal entry points for `strtoX' take an extra flag argument
 271    saying whether or not to parse locale-dependent number grouping.  */
 272
 273 extern double __strtod_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 274                                  char **__restrict __endptr, int __group)
 275      __THROW;
 276 extern float __strtof_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 277                                 char **__restrict __endptr, int __group)
 278      __THROW;
 279 extern long double __strtold_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 280                                        char **__restrict __endptr,
 281                                        int __group) __THROW;
 282 #ifndef __strtol_internal_defined
 283 extern long int __strtol_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 284                                    char **__restrict __endptr,
 285                                    int __base, int __group) __THROW;
 286 # define __strtol_internal_defined      1
 287 #endif
 288 #ifndef __strtoul_internal_defined
 289 extern unsigned long int __strtoul_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 290                                              char **__restrict __endptr,
 291                                              int __base, int __group) __THROW;
 292 # define __strtoul_internal_defined     1
 293 #endif
 294 #if defined __GNUC__ || defined __USE_ISOC99
 295 # ifndef __strtoll_internal_defined
 296 __extension__
 297 extern long long int __strtoll_internal (__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 298                                          char **__restrict __endptr,
 299                                          int __base, int __group) __THROW;
 300 #  define __strtoll_internal_defined    1
 301 # endif
 302 # ifndef __strtoull_internal_defined
 303 __extension__
 304 extern unsigned long long int __strtoull_internal (__const char *
 305                                                    __restrict __nptr,
 306                                                    char **__restrict __endptr,
 307                                                    int __base, int __group)
 308      __THROW;
 309 #  define __strtoull_internal_defined   1
 310 # endif
 311 #endif /* GCC */
 312
 313 #ifdef __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
 314 /* Define inline functions which call the internal entry points.  */
 315
 316 extern __inline double
 317 strtod (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW
 318 {
 319   return __strtod_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
 320 }
 321 extern __inline long int
 322 strtol (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 323         int __base) __THROW
 324 {
 325   return __strtol_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 326 }
 327 extern __inline unsigned long int
 328 strtoul (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 329          int __base) __THROW
 330 {
 331   return __strtoul_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 332 }
 333
 334 # ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 335 extern __inline float
 336 strtof (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW
 337 {
 338   return __strtof_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
 339 }
 340 extern __inline long double
 341 strtold (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr) __THROW
 342 {
 343   return __strtold_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
 344 }
 345 # endif
 346
 347 # ifdef __USE_BSD
 348 __extension__ extern __inline long long int
 349 strtoq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 350         int __base) __THROW
 351 {
 352   return __strtoll_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 353 }
 354 __extension__ extern __inline unsigned long long int
 355 strtouq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 356          int __base) __THROW
 357 {
 358   return __strtoull_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 359 }
 360 # endif
 361
 362 # if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_ISOC99
 363 __extension__ extern __inline long long int
 364 strtoll (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 365          int __base) __THROW
 366 {
 367   return __strtoll_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 368 }
 369 __extension__ extern __inline unsigned long long int
 370 strtoull (__const char * __restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 371           int __base) __THROW
 372 {
 373   return __strtoull_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 374 }
 375 # endif
 376
 377 extern __inline double
 378 atof (__const char *__nptr) __THROW
 379 {
 380   return strtod (__nptr, (char **) NULL);
 381 }
 382 extern __inline int
 383 atoi (__const char *__nptr) __THROW
 384 {
 385   return (int) strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 386 }
 387 extern __inline long int
 388 atol (__const char *__nptr) __THROW
 389 {
 390   return strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 391 }
 392
 393 # if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_ISOC99
 394 __extension__ extern __inline long long int
 395 atoll (__const char *__nptr) __THROW
 396 {
 397   return strtoll (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 398 }
 399 # endif
 400 #endif /* Optimizing and Inlining.  */
 401
 402
 403 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 404 /* Convert N to base 64 using the digits "./0-9A-Za-z", least-significant
 405    digit first.  Returns a pointer to static storage overwritten by the
 406    next call.  */
 407 extern char *l64a (long int __n) __THROW;
 408
 409 /* Read a number from a string S in base 64 as above.  */
 410 extern long int a64l (__const char *__s) __THROW __attribute_pure__;
 411
 412
 413 # include <sys/types.h> /* we need int32_t... */
 414
 415 /* These are the functions that actually do things.  The `random', `srandom',
 416    `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices.
 417    The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard.
 418    We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator.  */
 419 /* Return a random long integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive.  */
 420 extern long int random (void) __THROW;
 421
 422 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number.  */
 423 extern void srandom (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
 424
 425 /* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF,
 426    of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED.  Optimal lengths are 8, 16,
 427    32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will
 428    cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down.  */
 429 extern char *initstate (unsigned int __seed, char *__statebuf,
 430                         size_t __statelen) __THROW;
 431
 432 /* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF,
 433    which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'.  */
 434 extern char *setstate (char *__statebuf) __THROW;
 435
 436
 437 # ifdef __USE_MISC
 438 /* Reentrant versions of the `random' family of functions.
 439    These functions all use the following data structure to contain
 440    state, rather than global state variables.  */
 441
 442 struct random_data
 443   {
 444     int32_t *fptr;              /* Front pointer.  */
 445     int32_t *rptr;              /* Rear pointer.  */
 446     int32_t *state;             /* Array of state values.  */
 447     int rand_type;              /* Type of random number generator.  */
 448     int rand_deg;               /* Degree of random number generator.  */
 449     int rand_sep;               /* Distance between front and rear.  */
 450     int32_t *end_ptr;           /* Pointer behind state table.  */
 451   };
 452
 453 extern int random_r (struct random_data *__restrict __buf,
 454                      int32_t *__restrict __result) __THROW;
 455
 456 extern int srandom_r (unsigned int __seed, struct random_data *__buf) __THROW;
 457
 458 extern int initstate_r (unsigned int __seed, char *__restrict __statebuf,
 459                         size_t __statelen,
 460                         struct random_data *__restrict __buf) __THROW;
 461
 462 extern int setstate_r (char *__restrict __statebuf,
 463                        struct random_data *__restrict __buf) __THROW;
 464 # endif /* Use misc.  */
 465 #endif  /* Use SVID || extended X/Open.  */
 466
 467
 468 /* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive.  */
 469 extern int rand (void) __THROW;
 470 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number.  */
 471 extern void srand (unsigned int __seed) __THROW;
 472
 473 #ifdef __USE_POSIX
 474 /* Reentrant interface according to POSIX.1.  */
 475 extern int rand_r (unsigned int *__seed) __THROW;
 476 #endif
 477
 478
 479 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN
 480 /* System V style 48-bit random number generator functions.  */
 481
 482 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0).  */
 483 extern double drand48 (void) __THROW;
 484 extern double erand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW;
 485
 486 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31).  */
 487 extern long int lrand48 (void) __THROW;
 488 extern long int nrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW;
 489
 490 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31).  */
 491 extern long int mrand48 (void) __THROW;
 492 extern long int jrand48 (unsigned short int __xsubi[3]) __THROW;
 493
 494 /* Seed random number generator.  */
 495 extern void srand48 (long int __seedval) __THROW;
 496 extern unsigned short int *seed48 (unsigned short int __seed16v[3]) __THROW;
 497 extern void lcong48 (unsigned short int __param[7]) __THROW;
 498
 499 # ifdef __USE_MISC
 500 /* Data structure for communication with thread safe versions.  This
 501    type is to be regarded as opaque.  It's only exported because users
 502    have to allocate objects of this type.  */
 503 struct drand48_data
 504   {
 505     unsigned short int __x[3];  /* Current state.  */
 506     unsigned short int __old_x[3]; /* Old state.  */
 507     unsigned short int __c;     /* Additive const. in congruential formula.  */
 508     unsigned short int __init;  /* Flag for initializing.  */
 509     unsigned long long int __a; /* Factor in congruential formula.  */
 510   };
 511
 512 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0).  */
 513 extern int drand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 514                       double *__restrict __result) __THROW;
 515 extern int erand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 516                       struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 517                       double *__restrict __result) __THROW;
 518
 519 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31).  */
 520 extern int lrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 521                       long int *__restrict __result) __THROW;
 522 extern int nrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 523                       struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 524                       long int *__restrict __result) __THROW;
 525
 526 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31).  */
 527 extern int mrand48_r (struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 528                       long int *__restrict __result) __THROW;
 529 extern int jrand48_r (unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 530                       struct drand48_data *__restrict __buffer,
 531                       long int *__restrict __result) __THROW;
 532
 533 /* Seed random number generator.  */
 534 extern int srand48_r (long int __seedval, struct drand48_data *__buffer)
 535      __THROW;
 536
 537 extern int seed48_r (unsigned short int __seed16v[3],
 538                      struct drand48_data *__buffer) __THROW;
 539
 540 extern int lcong48_r (unsigned short int __param[7],
 541                       struct drand48_data *__buffer) __THROW;
 542 # endif /* Use misc.  */
 543 #endif  /* Use SVID or X/Open.  */
 544
 545 #endif /* don't just need malloc and calloc */
 546
 547 #ifndef __malloc_and_calloc_defined
 548 #define __malloc_and_calloc_defined
 549 /* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory.  */
 550 extern void *malloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__;
 551 /* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0.  */
 552 extern void *calloc (size_t __nmemb, size_t __size)
 553      __THROW __attribute_malloc__;
 554 #endif
 555
 556 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
 557 /* Re-allocate the previously allocated block
 558    in PTR, making the new block SIZE bytes long.  */
 559 extern void *realloc (void *__ptr, size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__;
 560 /* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'.  */
 561 extern void free (void *__ptr) __THROW;
 562
 563 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 564 /* Free a block.  An alias for `free'.  (Sun Unices).  */
 565 extern void cfree (void *__ptr) __THROW;
 566 #endif /* Use misc.  */
 567
 568 #if defined __USE_GNU || defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_MISC
 569 # include <alloca.h>
 570 #endif /* Use GNU, BSD, or misc.  */
 571
 572 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 573 /* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary.  The storage cannot be freed.  */
 574 extern void *valloc (size_t __size) __THROW __attribute_malloc__;
 575 #endif
 576
 577 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
 578 /* Allocate memory of SIZE bytes with an alignment of ALIGNMENT.  */
 579 extern int posix_memalign (void **__memptr, size_t __alignment, size_t __size)
 580      __THROW __attribute_malloc__;
 581 #endif
 582
 583 /* Abort execution and generate a core-dump.  */
 584 extern void abort (void) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 585
 586
 587 /* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called.  */
 588 extern int atexit (void (*__func) (void)) __THROW;
 589
 590 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 591 /* Register a function to be called with the status
 592    given to `exit' and the given argument.  */
 593 extern int on_exit (void (*__func) (int __status, void *__arg), void *__arg)
 594      __THROW;
 595 #endif
 596
 597 /* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit',
 598    in the reverse of the order in which they were registered
 599    perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS.  */
 600 extern void exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 601
 602 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 603 /* Terminate the program with STATUS without calling any of the
 604    functions registered with `atexit' or `on_exit'.  */
 605 extern void _Exit (int __status) __THROW __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 606 #endif
 607
 608
 609 /* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist.  */
 610 extern char *getenv (__const char *__name) __THROW;
 611
 612 /* This function is similar to the above but returns NULL if the
 613    programs is running with SUID or SGID enabled.  */
 614 extern char *__secure_getenv (__const char *__name) __THROW;
 615
 616 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN
 617 /* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place.   */
 618 /* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
 619    If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment.  */
 620 extern int putenv (char *__string) __THROW;
 621 #endif
 622
 623 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN2K
 624 /* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment.
 625    If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value.  */
 626 extern int setenv (__const char *__name, __const char *__value, int __replace)
 627      __THROW;
 628
 629 /* Remove the variable NAME from the environment.  */
 630 extern int unsetenv (__const char *__name) __THROW;
 631 #endif
 632
 633 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 634 /* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
 635    never made it.  Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings
 636    for Fortran 77) requires this function.  */
 637 extern int clearenv (void) __THROW;
 638 #endif
 639
 640
 641 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 642 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
 643    The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
 644    they are replaced with a string that makes the file name unique.
 645    Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique file name.  */
 646 extern char *mktemp (char *__template) __THROW;
 647
 648 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
 649    The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
 650    they are replaced with a string that makes the filename unique.
 651    Returns a file descriptor open on the file for reading and writing,
 652    or -1 if it cannot create a uniquely-named file.  */
 653 # ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
 654 extern int mkstemp (char *__template) __THROW;
 655 # else
 656 #  ifdef __REDIRECT
 657 extern int __REDIRECT (mkstemp, (char *__template) __THROW, mkstemp64);
 658 #  else
 659 #   define mkstemp mkstemp64
 660 #  endif
 661 # endif
 662 # ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
 663 extern int mkstemp64 (char *__template) __THROW;
 664 # endif
 665 #endif
 666
 667 #ifdef __USE_BSD
 668 /* Create a unique temporary directory from TEMPLATE.
 669    The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
 670    they are replaced with a string that makes the directory name unique.
 671    Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique name.
 672    The directory is created mode 700.  */
 673 extern char *mkdtemp (char *__template) __THROW;
 674 #endif
 675
 676
 677 /* Execute the given line as a shell command.  */
 678 extern int system (__const char *__command) __THROW;
 679
 680
 681 #ifdef  __USE_GNU
 682 /* Return a malloc'd string containing the canonical absolute name of the
 683    named file.  The last file name component need not exist, and may be a
 684    symlink to a nonexistent file.  */
 685 extern char *canonicalize_file_name (__const char *__name) __THROW;
 686 #endif
 687
 688 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 689 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME.  The last file name
 690    component need not exist, and may be a symlink to a nonexistent file.
 691    If RESOLVED is null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the canonical
 692    name is PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno' set to
 693    ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars, returns the
 694    name in RESOLVED.  */
 695 extern char *realpath (__const char *__restrict __name,
 696                        char *__restrict __resolved) __THROW;
 697 #endif
 698
 699
 700 /* Shorthand for type of comparison functions.  */
 701 #ifndef __COMPAR_FN_T
 702 # define __COMPAR_FN_T
 703 typedef int (*__compar_fn_t) (__const void *, __const void *);
 704
 705 # ifdef __USE_GNU
 706 typedef __compar_fn_t comparison_fn_t;
 707 # endif
 708 #endif
 709
 710 /* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements
 711    of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons.  */
 712 extern void *bsearch (__const void *__key, __const void *__base,
 713                       size_t __nmemb, size_t __size, __compar_fn_t __compar);
 714
 715 /* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each,
 716    using COMPAR to perform the comparisons.  */
 717 extern void qsort (void *__base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
 718                    __compar_fn_t __compar);
 719
 720
 721 /* Return the absolute value of X.  */
 722 extern int abs (int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
 723 extern long int labs (long int __x) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
 724 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 725 __extension__ extern long long int llabs (long long int __x)
 726      __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
 727 #endif
 728
 729
 730 /* Return the `div_t', `ldiv_t' or `lldiv_t' representation
 731    of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */
 732 /* GCC may have built-ins for these someday.  */
 733 extern div_t div (int __numer, int __denom)
 734      __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
 735 extern ldiv_t ldiv (long int __numer, long int __denom)
 736      __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
 737 #ifdef __USE_ISOC99
 738 __extension__ extern lldiv_t lldiv (long long int __numer,
 739                                     long long int __denom)
 740      __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
 741 #endif
 742
 743
 744 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 745 /* Convert floating point numbers to strings.  The returned values are
 746    valid only until another call to the same function.  */
 747
 748 /* Convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT digits and return a pointer to
 749    this.  Set *DECPT with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN
 750    with the sign of the number.  */
 751 extern char *ecvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
 752                    int *__restrict __sign) __THROW;
 753
 754 /* Convert VALUE to a string rounded to NDIGIT decimal digits.  Set *DECPT
 755    with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN with the sign of
 756    the number.  */
 757 extern char *fcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
 758                    int *__restrict __sign) __THROW;
 759
 760 /* If possible convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT significant digits.
 761    Otherwise use exponential representation.  The resulting string will
 762    be written to BUF.  */
 763 extern char *gcvt (double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf) __THROW;
 764
 765
 766 # ifdef __USE_MISC
 767 /* Long double versions of above functions.  */
 768 extern char *qecvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
 769                     int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign) __THROW;
 770 extern char *qfcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit,
 771                     int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign) __THROW;
 772 extern char *qgcvt (long double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf) __THROW;
 773
 774
 775 /* Reentrant version of the functions above which provide their own
 776    buffers.  */
 777 extern int ecvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
 778                    int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
 779                    size_t __len) __THROW;
 780 extern int fcvt_r (double __value, int __ndigit, int *__restrict __decpt,
 781                    int *__restrict __sign, char *__restrict __buf,
 782                    size_t __len) __THROW;
 783
 784 extern int qecvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
 785                     int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
 786                     char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len) __THROW;
 787 extern int qfcvt_r (long double __value, int __ndigit,
 788                     int *__restrict __decpt, int *__restrict __sign,
 789                     char *__restrict __buf, size_t __len) __THROW;
 790 # endif /* misc */
 791 #endif  /* use MISC || use X/Open Unix */
 792
 793
 794 /* Return the length of the multibyte character
 795    in S, which is no longer than N.  */
 796 extern int mblen (__const char *__s, size_t __n) __THROW;
 797 /* Return the length of the given multibyte character,
 798    putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC.  */
 799 extern int mbtowc (wchar_t *__restrict __pwc,
 800                    __const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW;
 801 /* Put the multibyte character represented
 802    by WCHAR in S, returning its length.  */
 803 extern int wctomb (char *__s, wchar_t __wchar) __THROW;
 804
 805
 806 /* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string.  */
 807 extern size_t mbstowcs (wchar_t *__restrict  __pwcs,
 808                         __const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n) __THROW;
 809 /* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string.  */
 810 extern size_t wcstombs (char *__restrict __s,
 811                         __const wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs, size_t __n)
 812      __THROW;
 813
 814
 815 #ifdef __USE_SVID
 816 /* Determine whether the string value of RESPONSE matches the affirmation
 817    or negative response expression as specified by the LC_MESSAGES category
 818    in the program's current locale.  Returns 1 if affirmative, 0 if
 819    negative, and -1 if not matching.  */
 820 extern int rpmatch (__const char *__response) __THROW;
 821 #endif
 822
 823
 824 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 825 /* Parse comma separated suboption from *OPTIONP and match against
 826    strings in TOKENS.  If found return index and set *VALUEP to
 827    optional value introduced by an equal sign.  If the suboption is
 828    not part of TOKENS return in *VALUEP beginning of unknown
 829    suboption.  On exit *OPTIONP is set to the beginning of the next
 830    token or at the terminating NUL character.  */
 831 extern int getsubopt (char **__restrict __optionp,
 832                       char *__const *__restrict __tokens,
 833                       char **__restrict __valuep) __THROW;
 834 #endif
 835
 836
 837 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN
 838 /* Setup DES tables according KEY.  */
 839 extern void setkey (__const char *__key) __THROW;
 840 #endif
 841
 842
 843 /* X/Open pseudo terminal handling.  */
 844
 845 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
 846 /* Return a master pseudo-terminal handle.  */
 847 extern int posix_openpt (int __oflag) __THROW;
 848 #endif
 849
 850 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN
 851 /* The next four functions all take a master pseudo-tty fd and
 852    perform an operation on the associated slave:  */
 853
 854 /* Chown the slave to the calling user.  */
 855 extern int grantpt (int __fd) __THROW;
 856
 857 /* Release an internal lock so the slave can be opened.
 858    Call after grantpt().  */
 859 extern int unlockpt (int __fd) __THROW;
 860
 861 /* Return the pathname of the pseudo terminal slave assoicated with
 862    the master FD is open on, or NULL on errors.
 863    The returned storage is good until the next call to this function.  */
 864 extern char *ptsname (int __fd) __THROW;
 865 #endif
 866
 867 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 868 /* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the slave pseudo
 869    terminal associated with the master FD is open on in BUF.
 870    Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number.  */
 871 extern int ptsname_r (int __fd, char *__buf, size_t __buflen) __THROW;
 872
 873 /* Open a master pseudo terminal and return its file descriptor.  */
 874 extern int getpt (void) __THROW;
 875 #endif
 876
 877 #ifdef __USE_BSD
 878 /* Put the 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages into the first
 879    NELEM elements of LOADAVG.  Return the number written (never more than
 880    three, but may be less than NELEM), or -1 if an error occurred.  */
 881 extern int getloadavg (double __loadavg[], int __nelem) __THROW;
 882 #endif
 883
 884 #endif /* don't just need malloc and calloc */
 885 #undef __need_malloc_and_calloc
 886
 887 __END_DECLS
 888
 889 #endif /* stdlib.h  */