gspawn: Make error codes on Windows more specific
[glib.git] / glib / gslist.c
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1 /* GLIB - Library of useful routines for C programming
2 * Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
4 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
12 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
15 * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19 * Modified by the GLib Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS
20 * file for a list of people on the GLib Team. See the ChangeLog
21 * files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with
22 * GLib at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
26 * MT safe
29 #include "config.h"
31 #include "gslist.h"
33 #include "gtestutils.h"
34 #include "gslice.h"
36 /**
37 * SECTION:linked_lists_single
38 * @title: Singly-Linked Lists
39 * @short_description: linked lists that can be iterated in one direction
41 * The #GSList structure and its associated functions provide a
42 * standard singly-linked list data structure.
44 * Each element in the list contains a piece of data, together with a
45 * pointer which links to the next element in the list. Using this
46 * pointer it is possible to move through the list in one direction
47 * only (unlike the [double-linked lists][glib-Doubly-Linked-Lists],
48 * which allow movement in both directions).
50 * The data contained in each element can be either integer values, by
51 * using one of the [Type Conversion Macros][glib-Type-Conversion-Macros],
52 * or simply pointers to any type of data.
54 * List elements are allocated from the [slice allocator][glib-Memory-Slices],
55 * which is more efficient than allocating elements individually.
57 * Note that most of the #GSList functions expect to be passed a
58 * pointer to the first element in the list. The functions which insert
59 * elements return the new start of the list, which may have changed.
61 * There is no function to create a #GSList. %NULL is considered to be
62 * the empty list so you simply set a #GSList* to %NULL.
64 * To add elements, use g_slist_append(), g_slist_prepend(),
65 * g_slist_insert() and g_slist_insert_sorted().
67 * To remove elements, use g_slist_remove().
69 * To find elements in the list use g_slist_last(), g_slist_next(),
70 * g_slist_nth(), g_slist_nth_data(), g_slist_find() and
71 * g_slist_find_custom().
73 * To find the index of an element use g_slist_position() and
74 * g_slist_index().
76 * To call a function for each element in the list use
77 * g_slist_foreach().
79 * To free the entire list, use g_slist_free().
80 **/
82 /**
83 * GSList:
84 * @data: holds the element's data, which can be a pointer to any kind
85 * of data, or any integer value using the
86 * [Type Conversion Macros][glib-Type-Conversion-Macros]
87 * @next: contains the link to the next element in the list.
89 * The #GSList struct is used for each element in the singly-linked
90 * list.
91 **/
93 /**
94 * g_slist_next:
95 * @slist: an element in a #GSList.
97 * A convenience macro to get the next element in a #GSList.
98 * Note that it is considered perfectly acceptable to access
99 * @slist->next directly.
101 * Returns: the next element, or %NULL if there are no more elements.
104 #define _g_slist_alloc0() g_slice_new0 (GSList)
105 #define _g_slist_alloc() g_slice_new (GSList)
106 #define _g_slist_free1(slist) g_slice_free (GSList, slist)
109 * g_slist_alloc:
111 * Allocates space for one #GSList element. It is called by the
112 * g_slist_append(), g_slist_prepend(), g_slist_insert() and
113 * g_slist_insert_sorted() functions and so is rarely used on its own.
115 * Returns: a pointer to the newly-allocated #GSList element.
117 GSList*
118 g_slist_alloc (void)
120 return _g_slist_alloc0 ();
124 * g_slist_free:
125 * @list: a #GSList
127 * Frees all of the memory used by a #GSList.
128 * The freed elements are returned to the slice allocator.
130 * If list elements contain dynamically-allocated memory,
131 * you should either use g_slist_free_full() or free them manually
132 * first.
134 void
135 g_slist_free (GSList *list)
137 g_slice_free_chain (GSList, list, next);
141 * g_slist_free_1:
142 * @list: a #GSList element
144 * Frees one #GSList element.
145 * It is usually used after g_slist_remove_link().
148 * g_slist_free1:
150 * A macro which does the same as g_slist_free_1().
152 * Since: 2.10
154 void
155 g_slist_free_1 (GSList *list)
157 _g_slist_free1 (list);
161 * g_slist_free_full:
162 * @list: a pointer to a #GSList
163 * @free_func: the function to be called to free each element's data
165 * Convenience method, which frees all the memory used by a #GSList, and
166 * calls the specified destroy function on every element's data.
168 * @free_func must not modify the list (eg, by removing the freed
169 * element from it).
171 * Since: 2.28
173 void
174 g_slist_free_full (GSList *list,
175 GDestroyNotify free_func)
177 g_slist_foreach (list, (GFunc) free_func, NULL);
178 g_slist_free (list);
182 * g_slist_append:
183 * @list: a #GSList
184 * @data: the data for the new element
186 * Adds a new element on to the end of the list.
188 * The return value is the new start of the list, which may
189 * have changed, so make sure you store the new value.
191 * Note that g_slist_append() has to traverse the entire list
192 * to find the end, which is inefficient when adding multiple
193 * elements. A common idiom to avoid the inefficiency is to prepend
194 * the elements and reverse the list when all elements have been added.
196 * |[<!-- language="C" -->
197 * // Notice that these are initialized to the empty list.
198 * GSList *list = NULL, *number_list = NULL;
200 * // This is a list of strings.
201 * list = g_slist_append (list, "first");
202 * list = g_slist_append (list, "second");
204 * // This is a list of integers.
205 * number_list = g_slist_append (number_list, GINT_TO_POINTER (27));
206 * number_list = g_slist_append (number_list, GINT_TO_POINTER (14));
207 * ]|
209 * Returns: the new start of the #GSList
211 GSList*
212 g_slist_append (GSList *list,
213 gpointer data)
215 GSList *new_list;
216 GSList *last;
218 new_list = _g_slist_alloc ();
219 new_list->data = data;
220 new_list->next = NULL;
222 if (list)
224 last = g_slist_last (list);
225 /* g_assert (last != NULL); */
226 last->next = new_list;
228 return list;
230 else
231 return new_list;
235 * g_slist_prepend:
236 * @list: a #GSList
237 * @data: the data for the new element
239 * Adds a new element on to the start of the list.
241 * The return value is the new start of the list, which
242 * may have changed, so make sure you store the new value.
244 * |[<!-- language="C" -->
245 * // Notice that it is initialized to the empty list.
246 * GSList *list = NULL;
247 * list = g_slist_prepend (list, "last");
248 * list = g_slist_prepend (list, "first");
249 * ]|
251 * Returns: the new start of the #GSList
253 GSList*
254 g_slist_prepend (GSList *list,
255 gpointer data)
257 GSList *new_list;
259 new_list = _g_slist_alloc ();
260 new_list->data = data;
261 new_list->next = list;
263 return new_list;
267 * g_slist_insert:
268 * @list: a #GSList
269 * @data: the data for the new element
270 * @position: the position to insert the element.
271 * If this is negative, or is larger than the number
272 * of elements in the list, the new element is added on
273 * to the end of the list.
275 * Inserts a new element into the list at the given position.
277 * Returns: the new start of the #GSList
279 GSList*
280 g_slist_insert (GSList *list,
281 gpointer data,
282 gint position)
284 GSList *prev_list;
285 GSList *tmp_list;
286 GSList *new_list;
288 if (position < 0)
289 return g_slist_append (list, data);
290 else if (position == 0)
291 return g_slist_prepend (list, data);
293 new_list = _g_slist_alloc ();
294 new_list->data = data;
296 if (!list)
298 new_list->next = NULL;
299 return new_list;
302 prev_list = NULL;
303 tmp_list = list;
305 while ((position-- > 0) && tmp_list)
307 prev_list = tmp_list;
308 tmp_list = tmp_list->next;
311 new_list->next = prev_list->next;
312 prev_list->next = new_list;
314 return list;
318 * g_slist_insert_before:
319 * @slist: a #GSList
320 * @sibling: node to insert @data before
321 * @data: data to put in the newly-inserted node
323 * Inserts a node before @sibling containing @data.
325 * Returns: the new head of the list.
327 GSList*
328 g_slist_insert_before (GSList *slist,
329 GSList *sibling,
330 gpointer data)
332 if (!slist)
334 slist = _g_slist_alloc ();
335 slist->data = data;
336 slist->next = NULL;
337 g_return_val_if_fail (sibling == NULL, slist);
338 return slist;
340 else
342 GSList *node, *last = NULL;
344 for (node = slist; node; last = node, node = last->next)
345 if (node == sibling)
346 break;
347 if (!last)
349 node = _g_slist_alloc ();
350 node->data = data;
351 node->next = slist;
353 return node;
355 else
357 node = _g_slist_alloc ();
358 node->data = data;
359 node->next = last->next;
360 last->next = node;
362 return slist;
368 * g_slist_concat:
369 * @list1: a #GSList
370 * @list2: the #GSList to add to the end of the first #GSList
372 * Adds the second #GSList onto the end of the first #GSList.
373 * Note that the elements of the second #GSList are not copied.
374 * They are used directly.
376 * Returns: the start of the new #GSList
378 GSList *
379 g_slist_concat (GSList *list1, GSList *list2)
381 if (list2)
383 if (list1)
384 g_slist_last (list1)->next = list2;
385 else
386 list1 = list2;
389 return list1;
392 static GSList*
393 _g_slist_remove_data (GSList *list,
394 gconstpointer data,
395 gboolean all)
397 GSList *tmp = NULL;
398 GSList **previous_ptr = &list;
400 while (*previous_ptr)
402 tmp = *previous_ptr;
403 if (tmp->data == data)
405 *previous_ptr = tmp->next;
406 g_slist_free_1 (tmp);
407 if (!all)
408 break;
410 else
412 previous_ptr = &tmp->next;
416 return list;
419 * g_slist_remove:
420 * @list: a #GSList
421 * @data: the data of the element to remove
423 * Removes an element from a #GSList.
424 * If two elements contain the same data, only the first is removed.
425 * If none of the elements contain the data, the #GSList is unchanged.
427 * Returns: the new start of the #GSList
429 GSList*
430 g_slist_remove (GSList *list,
431 gconstpointer data)
433 return _g_slist_remove_data (list, data, FALSE);
437 * g_slist_remove_all:
438 * @list: a #GSList
439 * @data: data to remove
441 * Removes all list nodes with data equal to @data.
442 * Returns the new head of the list. Contrast with
443 * g_slist_remove() which removes only the first node
444 * matching the given data.
446 * Returns: new head of @list
448 GSList*
449 g_slist_remove_all (GSList *list,
450 gconstpointer data)
452 return _g_slist_remove_data (list, data, TRUE);
455 static inline GSList*
456 _g_slist_remove_link (GSList *list,
457 GSList *link)
459 GSList *tmp = NULL;
460 GSList **previous_ptr = &list;
462 while (*previous_ptr)
464 tmp = *previous_ptr;
465 if (tmp == link)
467 *previous_ptr = tmp->next;
468 tmp->next = NULL;
469 break;
472 previous_ptr = &tmp->next;
475 return list;
479 * g_slist_remove_link:
480 * @list: a #GSList
481 * @link_: an element in the #GSList
483 * Removes an element from a #GSList, without
484 * freeing the element. The removed element's next
485 * link is set to %NULL, so that it becomes a
486 * self-contained list with one element.
488 * Removing arbitrary nodes from a singly-linked list
489 * requires time that is proportional to the length of the list
490 * (ie. O(n)). If you find yourself using g_slist_remove_link()
491 * frequently, you should consider a different data structure,
492 * such as the doubly-linked #GList.
494 * Returns: the new start of the #GSList, without the element
496 GSList*
497 g_slist_remove_link (GSList *list,
498 GSList *link_)
500 return _g_slist_remove_link (list, link_);
504 * g_slist_delete_link:
505 * @list: a #GSList
506 * @link_: node to delete
508 * Removes the node link_ from the list and frees it.
509 * Compare this to g_slist_remove_link() which removes the node
510 * without freeing it.
512 * Removing arbitrary nodes from a singly-linked list requires time
513 * that is proportional to the length of the list (ie. O(n)). If you
514 * find yourself using g_slist_delete_link() frequently, you should
515 * consider a different data structure, such as the doubly-linked
516 * #GList.
518 * Returns: the new head of @list
520 GSList*
521 g_slist_delete_link (GSList *list,
522 GSList *link_)
524 list = _g_slist_remove_link (list, link_);
525 _g_slist_free1 (link_);
527 return list;
531 * g_slist_copy:
532 * @list: a #GSList
534 * Copies a #GSList.
536 * Note that this is a "shallow" copy. If the list elements
537 * consist of pointers to data, the pointers are copied but
538 * the actual data isn't. See g_slist_copy_deep() if you need
539 * to copy the data as well.
541 * Returns: a copy of @list
543 GSList*
544 g_slist_copy (GSList *list)
546 return g_slist_copy_deep (list, NULL, NULL);
550 * g_slist_copy_deep:
551 * @list: a #GSList
552 * @func: a copy function used to copy every element in the list
553 * @user_data: user data passed to the copy function @func, or #NULL
555 * Makes a full (deep) copy of a #GSList.
557 * In contrast with g_slist_copy(), this function uses @func to make a copy of
558 * each list element, in addition to copying the list container itself.
560 * @func, as a #GCopyFunc, takes two arguments, the data to be copied and a user
561 * pointer. It's safe to pass #NULL as user_data, if the copy function takes only
562 * one argument.
564 * For instance, if @list holds a list of GObjects, you can do:
565 * |[<!-- language="C" -->
566 * another_list = g_slist_copy_deep (list, (GCopyFunc) g_object_ref, NULL);
567 * ]|
569 * And, to entirely free the new list, you could do:
570 * |[<!-- language="C" -->
571 * g_slist_free_full (another_list, g_object_unref);
572 * ]|
574 * Returns: a full copy of @list, use #g_slist_free_full to free it
576 * Since: 2.34
578 GSList*
579 g_slist_copy_deep (GSList *list, GCopyFunc func, gpointer user_data)
581 GSList *new_list = NULL;
583 if (list)
585 GSList *last;
587 new_list = _g_slist_alloc ();
588 if (func)
589 new_list->data = func (list->data, user_data);
590 else
591 new_list->data = list->data;
592 last = new_list;
593 list = list->next;
594 while (list)
596 last->next = _g_slist_alloc ();
597 last = last->next;
598 if (func)
599 last->data = func (list->data, user_data);
600 else
601 last->data = list->data;
602 list = list->next;
604 last->next = NULL;
607 return new_list;
611 * g_slist_reverse:
612 * @list: a #GSList
614 * Reverses a #GSList.
616 * Returns: the start of the reversed #GSList
618 GSList*
619 g_slist_reverse (GSList *list)
621 GSList *prev = NULL;
623 while (list)
625 GSList *next = list->next;
627 list->next = prev;
629 prev = list;
630 list = next;
633 return prev;
637 * g_slist_nth:
638 * @list: a #GSList
639 * @n: the position of the element, counting from 0
641 * Gets the element at the given position in a #GSList.
643 * Returns: the element, or %NULL if the position is off
644 * the end of the #GSList
646 GSList*
647 g_slist_nth (GSList *list,
648 guint n)
650 while (n-- > 0 && list)
651 list = list->next;
653 return list;
657 * g_slist_nth_data:
658 * @list: a #GSList
659 * @n: the position of the element
661 * Gets the data of the element at the given position.
663 * Returns: the element's data, or %NULL if the position
664 * is off the end of the #GSList
666 gpointer
667 g_slist_nth_data (GSList *list,
668 guint n)
670 while (n-- > 0 && list)
671 list = list->next;
673 return list ? list->data : NULL;
677 * g_slist_find:
678 * @list: a #GSList
679 * @data: the element data to find
681 * Finds the element in a #GSList which
682 * contains the given data.
684 * Returns: the found #GSList element,
685 * or %NULL if it is not found
687 GSList*
688 g_slist_find (GSList *list,
689 gconstpointer data)
691 while (list)
693 if (list->data == data)
694 break;
695 list = list->next;
698 return list;
703 * g_slist_find_custom:
704 * @list: a #GSList
705 * @data: user data passed to the function
706 * @func: the function to call for each element.
707 * It should return 0 when the desired element is found
709 * Finds an element in a #GSList, using a supplied function to
710 * find the desired element. It iterates over the list, calling
711 * the given function which should return 0 when the desired
712 * element is found. The function takes two #gconstpointer arguments,
713 * the #GSList element's data as the first argument and the
714 * given user data.
716 * Returns: the found #GSList element, or %NULL if it is not found
718 GSList*
719 g_slist_find_custom (GSList *list,
720 gconstpointer data,
721 GCompareFunc func)
723 g_return_val_if_fail (func != NULL, list);
725 while (list)
727 if (! func (list->data, data))
728 return list;
729 list = list->next;
732 return NULL;
736 * g_slist_position:
737 * @list: a #GSList
738 * @llink: an element in the #GSList
740 * Gets the position of the given element
741 * in the #GSList (starting from 0).
743 * Returns: the position of the element in the #GSList,
744 * or -1 if the element is not found
746 gint
747 g_slist_position (GSList *list,
748 GSList *llink)
750 gint i;
752 i = 0;
753 while (list)
755 if (list == llink)
756 return i;
757 i++;
758 list = list->next;
761 return -1;
765 * g_slist_index:
766 * @list: a #GSList
767 * @data: the data to find
769 * Gets the position of the element containing
770 * the given data (starting from 0).
772 * Returns: the index of the element containing the data,
773 * or -1 if the data is not found
775 gint
776 g_slist_index (GSList *list,
777 gconstpointer data)
779 gint i;
781 i = 0;
782 while (list)
784 if (list->data == data)
785 return i;
786 i++;
787 list = list->next;
790 return -1;
794 * g_slist_last:
795 * @list: a #GSList
797 * Gets the last element in a #GSList.
799 * This function iterates over the whole list.
801 * Returns: the last element in the #GSList,
802 * or %NULL if the #GSList has no elements
804 GSList*
805 g_slist_last (GSList *list)
807 if (list)
809 while (list->next)
810 list = list->next;
813 return list;
817 * g_slist_length:
818 * @list: a #GSList
820 * Gets the number of elements in a #GSList.
822 * This function iterates over the whole list to
823 * count its elements. To check whether the list is non-empty, it is faster to
824 * check @list against %NULL.
826 * Returns: the number of elements in the #GSList
828 guint
829 g_slist_length (GSList *list)
831 guint length;
833 length = 0;
834 while (list)
836 length++;
837 list = list->next;
840 return length;
844 * g_slist_foreach:
845 * @list: a #GSList
846 * @func: the function to call with each element's data
847 * @user_data: user data to pass to the function
849 * Calls a function for each element of a #GSList.
851 * It is safe for @func to remove the element from @list, but it must
852 * not modify any part of the list after that element.
854 void
855 g_slist_foreach (GSList *list,
856 GFunc func,
857 gpointer user_data)
859 while (list)
861 GSList *next = list->next;
862 (*func) (list->data, user_data);
863 list = next;
867 static GSList*
868 g_slist_insert_sorted_real (GSList *list,
869 gpointer data,
870 GFunc func,
871 gpointer user_data)
873 GSList *tmp_list = list;
874 GSList *prev_list = NULL;
875 GSList *new_list;
876 gint cmp;
878 g_return_val_if_fail (func != NULL, list);
880 if (!list)
882 new_list = _g_slist_alloc ();
883 new_list->data = data;
884 new_list->next = NULL;
885 return new_list;
888 cmp = ((GCompareDataFunc) func) (data, tmp_list->data, user_data);
890 while ((tmp_list->next) && (cmp > 0))
892 prev_list = tmp_list;
893 tmp_list = tmp_list->next;
895 cmp = ((GCompareDataFunc) func) (data, tmp_list->data, user_data);
898 new_list = _g_slist_alloc ();
899 new_list->data = data;
901 if ((!tmp_list->next) && (cmp > 0))
903 tmp_list->next = new_list;
904 new_list->next = NULL;
905 return list;
908 if (prev_list)
910 prev_list->next = new_list;
911 new_list->next = tmp_list;
912 return list;
914 else
916 new_list->next = list;
917 return new_list;
922 * g_slist_insert_sorted:
923 * @list: a #GSList
924 * @data: the data for the new element
925 * @func: the function to compare elements in the list.
926 * It should return a number > 0 if the first parameter
927 * comes after the second parameter in the sort order.
929 * Inserts a new element into the list, using the given
930 * comparison function to determine its position.
932 * Returns: the new start of the #GSList
934 GSList*
935 g_slist_insert_sorted (GSList *list,
936 gpointer data,
937 GCompareFunc func)
939 return g_slist_insert_sorted_real (list, data, (GFunc) func, NULL);
943 * g_slist_insert_sorted_with_data:
944 * @list: a #GSList
945 * @data: the data for the new element
946 * @func: the function to compare elements in the list.
947 * It should return a number > 0 if the first parameter
948 * comes after the second parameter in the sort order.
949 * @user_data: data to pass to comparison function
951 * Inserts a new element into the list, using the given
952 * comparison function to determine its position.
954 * Returns: the new start of the #GSList
956 * Since: 2.10
958 GSList*
959 g_slist_insert_sorted_with_data (GSList *list,
960 gpointer data,
961 GCompareDataFunc func,
962 gpointer user_data)
964 return g_slist_insert_sorted_real (list, data, (GFunc) func, user_data);
967 static GSList *
968 g_slist_sort_merge (GSList *l1,
969 GSList *l2,
970 GFunc compare_func,
971 gpointer user_data)
973 GSList list, *l;
974 gint cmp;
976 l=&list;
978 while (l1 && l2)
980 cmp = ((GCompareDataFunc) compare_func) (l1->data, l2->data, user_data);
982 if (cmp <= 0)
984 l=l->next=l1;
985 l1=l1->next;
987 else
989 l=l->next=l2;
990 l2=l2->next;
993 l->next= l1 ? l1 : l2;
995 return list.next;
998 static GSList *
999 g_slist_sort_real (GSList *list,
1000 GFunc compare_func,
1001 gpointer user_data)
1003 GSList *l1, *l2;
1005 if (!list)
1006 return NULL;
1007 if (!list->next)
1008 return list;
1010 l1 = list;
1011 l2 = list->next;
1013 while ((l2 = l2->next) != NULL)
1015 if ((l2 = l2->next) == NULL)
1016 break;
1017 l1=l1->next;
1019 l2 = l1->next;
1020 l1->next = NULL;
1022 return g_slist_sort_merge (g_slist_sort_real (list, compare_func, user_data),
1023 g_slist_sort_real (l2, compare_func, user_data),
1024 compare_func,
1025 user_data);
1029 * g_slist_sort:
1030 * @list: a #GSList
1031 * @compare_func: the comparison function used to sort the #GSList.
1032 * This function is passed the data from 2 elements of the #GSList
1033 * and should return 0 if they are equal, a negative value if the
1034 * first element comes before the second, or a positive value if
1035 * the first element comes after the second.
1037 * Sorts a #GSList using the given comparison function. The algorithm
1038 * used is a stable sort.
1040 * Returns: the start of the sorted #GSList
1042 GSList *
1043 g_slist_sort (GSList *list,
1044 GCompareFunc compare_func)
1046 return g_slist_sort_real (list, (GFunc) compare_func, NULL);
1050 * g_slist_sort_with_data:
1051 * @list: a #GSList
1052 * @compare_func: comparison function
1053 * @user_data: data to pass to comparison function
1055 * Like g_slist_sort(), but the sort function accepts a user data argument.
1057 * Returns: new head of the list
1059 GSList *
1060 g_slist_sort_with_data (GSList *list,
1061 GCompareDataFunc compare_func,
1062 gpointer user_data)
1064 return g_slist_sort_real (list, (GFunc) compare_func, user_data);