6 git-ls-files - Information about files in the index/working directory
12 'git-ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
13 (--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])\*
14 (-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])\*
15 [-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
16 [-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
17 [--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
19 [--full-name] [--] [<file>]\*
23 This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the
24 actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the
27 One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
33 Show cached files in the output (default)
36 Show deleted files in the output
39 Show modified files in the output
42 Show other files in the output
45 Show ignored files in the output
46 Note the this also reverses any exclude list present.
49 Show stage files in the output
52 If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
53 name (with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents.
55 --no-empty-directory::
56 Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
59 Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
62 Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
63 to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
67 \0 line termination on output.
69 -x|--exclude=<pattern>::
70 Skips files matching pattern.
71 Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern.
73 -X|--exclude-from=<file>::
74 exclude patterns are read from <file>; 1 per line.
76 --exclude-per-directory=<file>::
77 read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
78 directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
81 If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an
85 Identify the file status with the following tags (followed by
86 a space) at the start of each line:
95 Similar to `-t`, but use lowercase letters for files
96 that are marked as 'always matching index'.
99 When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
100 outputs paths relative to the current directory. This
101 option forces paths to be output relative to the project
105 Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
108 Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
109 specified criteria are shown.
113 show files just outputs the filename unless '--stage' is specified in
114 which case it outputs:
116 [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
118 "git-ls-files --unmerged" and "git-ls-files --stage" can be used to examine
119 detailed information on unmerged paths.
121 For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair,
122 the dircache records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
123 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3. This information can be used by
124 the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
125 path. (see git-read-tree for more information on state)
127 When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
128 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
135 'git-ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
136 traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
137 flags --others or --ignored are specified.
139 These exclude patterns come from these places:
141 1. command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a single
144 2. command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a list of
145 patterns stored in a file.
147 3. command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
148 a name of the file in each directory 'git-ls-files'
149 examines, and if exists, its contents are used as an
150 additional list of patterns.
152 An exclude pattern file used by (2) and (3) contains one pattern
153 per line. A line that starts with a '#' can be used as comment
156 There are three lists of patterns that are in effect at a given
157 time. They are built and ordered in the following way:
159 * --exclude=<pattern> from the command line; patterns are
160 ordered in the same order as they appear on the command line.
162 * lines read from --exclude-from=<file>; patterns are ordered
163 in the same order as they appear in the file.
165 * When --exclude-per-directory=<name> is specified, upon
166 entering a directory that has such a file, its contents are
167 appended at the end of the current "list of patterns". They
168 are popped off when leaving the directory.
170 Each pattern in the pattern list specifies "a match pattern" and
171 optionally the fate; either a file that matches the pattern is
172 considered excluded or included. A filename is matched against
173 the patterns in the three lists; the --exclude-from list is
174 checked first, then the --exclude-per-directory list, and then
175 finally the --exclude list. The last match determines its fate.
176 If there is no match in the three lists, the fate is "included".
178 A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
179 from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
180 top of the directory tree. A pattern read from a file specified
181 by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
182 pattern file appears in.
184 An exclude pattern is of the following format:
186 - an optional prefix '!' which means that the fate this pattern
187 specifies is "include", not the usual "exclude"; the
188 remainder of the pattern string is interpreted according to
191 - if it does not contain a slash '/', it is a shell glob
192 pattern and used to match against the filename without
193 leading directories (i.e. the same way as the current
196 - otherwise, it is a shell glob pattern, suitable for
197 consumption by fnmatch(3) with FNM_PATHNAME flag. I.e. a
198 slash in the pattern must match a slash in the pathname.
199 "Documentation/\*.html" matches "Documentation/git.html" but
200 not "ppc/ppc.html". As a natural exception, "/*.c" matches
201 "cat-file.c" but not "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
205 --------------------------------------------------------------
207 # ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
209 $ cat Documentation/.gitignore
210 # ignore generated html files,
212 # except foo.html which is maintained by hand
214 $ git-ls-files --ignored \
215 --exclude='Documentation/*.[0-9]' \
216 --exclude-from=.git/ignore \
217 --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore
218 --------------------------------------------------------------
223 gitlink:git-read-tree[1]
228 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
232 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
236 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite