1 The output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree" and
2 "git-diff-files" are very similar.
4 These commands all compare two sets of things; what is
7 git-diff-index <tree-ish>::
8 compares the <tree-ish> and the files on the filesystem.
10 git-diff-index --cached <tree-ish>::
11 compares the <tree-ish> and the index.
13 git-diff-tree [-r] <tree-ish-1> <tree-ish-2> [<pattern>...]::
14 compares the trees named by the two arguments.
16 git-diff-files [<pattern>...]::
17 compares the index and the files on the filesystem.
20 An output line is formatted this way:
22 ------------------------------------------------
23 in-place edit :100644 100644 bcd1234... 0123456... M file0
24 copy-edit :100644 100644 abcd123... 1234567... C68 file1 file2
25 rename-edit :100644 100644 abcd123... 1234567... R86 file1 file3
26 create :000000 100644 0000000... 1234567... A file4
27 delete :100644 000000 1234567... 0000000... D file5
28 unmerged :000000 000000 0000000... 0000000... U file6
29 ------------------------------------------------
31 That is, from the left to the right:
34 . mode for "src"; 000000 if creation or unmerged.
36 . mode for "dst"; 000000 if deletion or unmerged.
38 . sha1 for "src"; 0\{40\} if creation or unmerged.
40 . sha1 for "dst"; 0\{40\} if creation, unmerged or "look at work tree".
42 . status, followed by optional "score" number.
43 . a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used.
45 . a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used; only exists for C or R.
46 . path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.
47 . an LF or a NUL when '-z' option is used, to terminate the record.
49 <sha1> is shown as all 0's if a file is new on the filesystem
50 and it is out of sync with the index.
54 ------------------------------------------------
55 :100644 100644 5be4a4...... 000000...... M file.c
56 ------------------------------------------------
58 When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
59 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
62 diff format for merges
63 ----------------------
65 "git-diff-tree" and "git-diff-files" can take '-c' or '--cc' option
66 to generate diff output also for merge commits. The output differs
67 from the format described above in the following way:
69 . there is a colon for each parent
70 . there are more "src" modes and "src" sha1
71 . status is concatenated status characters for each parent
72 . no optional "score" number
73 . single path, only for "dst"
77 ------------------------------------------------
78 ::100644 100644 100644 fabadb8... cc95eb0... 4866510... MM describe.c
79 ------------------------------------------------
81 Note that 'combined diff' lists only files which were modified from
85 Generating patches with -p
86 --------------------------
88 When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
89 with a '-p' option, they do not produce the output described above;
90 instead they produce a patch file. You can customize the creation
91 of such patches via the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS
92 environment variables.
94 What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
97 1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
100 diff --git a/file1 b/file2
102 The `a/` and `b/` filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
103 involved. Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
104 `/dev/null` is _not_ used in place of `a/` or `b/` filenames.
106 When rename/copy is involved, `file1` and `file2` show the
107 name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
108 the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.
110 2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
114 deleted file mode <mode>
120 similarity index <number>
121 dissimilarity index <number>
122 index <hash>..<hash> <mode>
124 3. TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
125 are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
126 If there is need for such substitution then the whole
127 pathname is put in double quotes.
133 git-diff-tree and git-diff-files can take '-c' or '--cc' option
134 to produce 'combined diff', which looks like this:
137 diff --combined describe.c
138 index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
141 @@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
142 return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
145 - static void describe(char *arg)
146 -static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
147 ++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
149 + unsigned char sha1[20];
150 + struct commit *cmit;
151 struct commit_list *list;
152 static int initialized = 0;
153 struct commit_name *n;
155 + if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
156 + usage(describe_usage);
157 + cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
159 + usage(describe_usage);
163 for_each_ref(get_name);
166 1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
167 this (when '-c' option is used):
171 or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
175 2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines
176 (this example shows a merge with two parents):
178 index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
179 mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
181 deleted file mode <mode>,<mode>
183 The `mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>` line appears only if at least one of
184 the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
185 information about detected contents movement (renames and
186 copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
187 <tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.
189 3. It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header
194 Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff
195 format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted
198 4. Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
199 accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format
200 was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
201 meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
202 extended 'index' header:
204 @@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@
206 There are (number of parents + 1) `@` characters in the chunk
207 header for combined diff format.
209 Unlike the traditional 'unified' diff format, which shows two
210 files A and B with a single column that has `-` (minus --
211 appears in A but removed in B), `+` (plus -- missing in A but
212 added to B), or `" "` (space -- unchanged) prefix, this format
213 compares two or more files file1, file2,... with one file X, and
214 shows how X differs from each of fileN. One column for each of
215 fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
218 A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
219 fileN but it does not appear in the result. A `+` character
220 in the column N means that the line appears in the last file,
221 and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
222 added, from the point of view of that parent).
224 In the above example output, the function signature was changed
225 from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
226 file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
227 in either file1 nor file2). Also two other lines are the same
228 from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with ` +`).
230 When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
231 merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
232 parents). When shown by `git diff-files -c`, it compares the
233 two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
234 (i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka