6 git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
12 'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
13 [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
14 [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
15 [--dissociate] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
16 [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch]
17 [--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
23 Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
24 remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
25 (visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an
26 initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's
27 currently active branch.
29 After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
30 all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
31 arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
32 current master branch, if any (this is untrue when "--single-branch"
35 This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
36 the remote branch heads under `refs/remotes/origin` and
37 by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch`
38 configuration variables.
45 When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
46 this flag bypasses the normal "Git aware" transport
47 mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
48 HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
49 The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
50 to save space when possible.
52 If the repository is specified as a local path (e.g., `/path/to/repo`),
53 this is the default, and --local is essentially a no-op. If the
54 repository is specified as a URL, then this flag is ignored (and we
55 never use the local optimizations). Specifying `--no-local` will
56 override the default when `/path/to/repo` is given, using the regular
57 Git transport instead.
60 Force the cloning process from a repository on a local
61 filesystem to copy the files under the `.git/objects`
62 directory instead of using hardlinks. This may be desirable
63 if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository.
67 When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
68 instead of using hard links, automatically setup
69 `.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects
70 with the source repository. The resulting repository
71 starts out without any object of its own.
73 *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
74 it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
75 repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
76 other Git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
77 source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
78 These objects may be removed by normal Git operations (such as `git commit`)
79 which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
80 If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
81 then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
83 Note that running `git repack` without the `-l` option in a repository
84 cloned with `-s` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
85 in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone -s`.
86 It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `-l` option by
89 If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on
90 its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
91 objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
93 --reference <repository>::
94 If the reference repository is on the local machine,
95 automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
96 obtain objects from the reference repository. Using
97 an already existing repository as an alternate will
98 require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
99 being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
101 *NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option, and also the
102 `--dissociate` option.
105 Borrow the objects from reference repositories specified
106 with the `--reference` options only to reduce network
107 transfer and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
108 by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects.
112 Operate quietly. Progress is not reported to the standard
113 error stream. This flag is also passed to the `rsync'
118 Run verbosely. Does not affect the reporting of progress status
119 to the standard error stream.
122 Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
123 by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
124 is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
125 standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
129 No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
132 Make a 'bare' Git repository. That is, instead of
133 creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative
134 files in `<directory>/.git`, make the `<directory>`
135 itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `-n`
136 because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
137 Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
138 to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
139 them to `refs/remotes/origin/`. When this option is
140 used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
141 configuration variables are created.
144 Set up a mirror of the source repository. This implies `--bare`.
145 Compared to `--bare`, `--mirror` not only maps local branches of the
146 source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including
147 remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
148 that all these refs are overwritten by a `git remote update` in the
153 Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track
154 of the upstream repository, use `<name>`.
158 Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed
159 to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to `<name>` branch
160 instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
162 `--branch` can also take tags and detaches the HEAD at that commit
163 in the resulting repository.
165 --upload-pack <upload-pack>::
167 When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
168 via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
169 run on the other end.
171 --template=<template_directory>::
172 Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
173 (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of linkgit:git-init[1].)
175 --config <key>=<value>::
177 Set a configuration variable in the newly-created repository;
178 this takes effect immediately after the repository is
179 initialized, but before the remote history is fetched or any
180 files checked out. The key is in the same format as expected by
181 linkgit:git-config[1] (e.g., `core.eol=true`). If multiple
182 values are given for the same key, each value will be written to
183 the config file. This makes it safe, for example, to add
184 additional fetch refspecs to the origin remote.
187 Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
188 specified number of revisions.
190 --[no-]single-branch::
191 Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
192 either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary
193 branch remote's `HEAD` points at. When creating a shallow
194 clone with the `--depth` option, this is the default, unless
195 `--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
196 tips of all branches.
197 Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
198 remote-tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
199 initial cloning. If the HEAD at the remote did not point at any
200 branch when `--single-branch` clone was made, no remote-tracking
204 --recurse-submodules::
205 After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
206 using their default settings. This is equivalent to running
207 `git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after
208 the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned
209 repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
210 `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
212 --separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
213 Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
214 to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
215 then make a filesystem-agnostic Git symbolic link to there.
216 The result is Git repository can be separated from working
221 The (possibly remote) repository to clone from. See the
222 <<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
226 The name of a new directory to clone into. The "humanish"
227 part of the source repository is used if no directory is
228 explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo`
229 for `host.xz:foo/.git`). Cloning into an existing directory
230 is only allowed if the directory is empty.
238 * Clone from upstream:
241 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git my-linux
247 * Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out:
250 $ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
256 * Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory:
259 $ git clone --reference /git/linux.git \
260 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git \
266 * Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public:
269 $ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git
275 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite