builtin/for-each-ref.c

   1 #include "builtin.h"
   2 #include "cache.h"
   3 #include "refs.h"
   4 #include "object.h"
   5 #include "tag.h"
   6 #include "commit.h"
   7 #include "tree.h"
   8 #include "blob.h"
   9 #include "quote.h"
  10 #include "parse-options.h"
  11 #include "remote.h"
  12 #include "color.h"
  13
  14 /* Quoting styles */
  15 #define QUOTE_NONE 0
  16 #define QUOTE_SHELL 1
  17 #define QUOTE_PERL 2
  18 #define QUOTE_PYTHON 4
  19 #define QUOTE_TCL 8
  20
  21 typedef enum { FIELD_STR, FIELD_ULONG, FIELD_TIME } cmp_type;
  22
  23 struct atom_value {
  24         const char *s;
  25         unsigned long ul; /* used for sorting when not FIELD_STR */
  26 };
  27
  28 struct ref_sort {
  29         struct ref_sort *next;
  30         int atom; /* index into used_atom array */
  31         unsigned reverse : 1;
  32 };
  33
  34 struct refinfo {
  35         char *refname;
  36         unsigned char objectname[20];
  37         int flag;
  38         const char *symref;
  39         struct atom_value *value;
  40 };
  41
  42 static struct {
  43         const char *name;
  44         cmp_type cmp_type;
  45 } valid_atom[] = {
  46         { "refname" },
  47         { "objecttype" },
  48         { "objectsize", FIELD_ULONG },
  49         { "objectname" },
  50         { "tree" },
  51         { "parent" },
  52         { "numparent", FIELD_ULONG },
  53         { "object" },
  54         { "type" },
  55         { "tag" },
  56         { "author" },
  57         { "authorname" },
  58         { "authoremail" },
  59         { "authordate", FIELD_TIME },
  60         { "committer" },
  61         { "committername" },
  62         { "committeremail" },
  63         { "committerdate", FIELD_TIME },
  64         { "tagger" },
  65         { "taggername" },
  66         { "taggeremail" },
  67         { "taggerdate", FIELD_TIME },
  68         { "creator" },
  69         { "creatordate", FIELD_TIME },
  70         { "subject" },
  71         { "body" },
  72         { "contents" },
  73         { "contents:subject" },
  74         { "contents:body" },
  75         { "contents:signature" },
  76         { "upstream" },
  77         { "symref" },
  78         { "flag" },
  79         { "HEAD" },
  80         { "color" },
  81 };
  82
  83 /*
  84  * An atom is a valid field atom listed above, possibly prefixed with
  85  * a "*" to denote deref_tag().
  86  *
  87  * We parse given format string and sort specifiers, and make a list
  88  * of properties that we need to extract out of objects.  refinfo
  89  * structure will hold an array of values extracted that can be
  90  * indexed with the "atom number", which is an index into this
  91  * array.
  92  */
  93 static const char **used_atom;
  94 static cmp_type *used_atom_type;
  95 static int used_atom_cnt, need_tagged, need_symref;
  96 static int need_color_reset_at_eol;
  97
  98 /*
  99  * Used to parse format string and sort specifiers
 100  */
 101 static int parse_atom(const char *atom, const char *ep)
 102 {
 103         const char *sp;
 104         int i, at;
 105
 106         sp = atom;
 107         if (*sp == '*' && sp < ep)
 108                 sp++; /* deref */
 109         if (ep <= sp)
 110                 die("malformed field name: %.*s", (int)(ep-atom), atom);
 111
 112         /* Do we have the atom already used elsewhere? */
 113         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 114                 int len = strlen(used_atom[i]);
 115                 if (len == ep - atom && !memcmp(used_atom[i], atom, len))
 116                         return i;
 117         }
 118
 119         /* Is the atom a valid one? */
 120         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom); i++) {
 121                 int len = strlen(valid_atom[i].name);
 122                 /*
 123                  * If the atom name has a colon, strip it and everything after
 124                  * it off - it specifies the format for this entry, and
 125                  * shouldn't be used for checking against the valid_atom
 126                  * table.
 127                  */
 128                 const char *formatp = strchr(sp, ':');
 129                 if (!formatp || ep < formatp)
 130                         formatp = ep;
 131                 if (len == formatp - sp && !memcmp(valid_atom[i].name, sp, len))
 132                         break;
 133         }
 134
 135         if (ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom) <= i)
 136                 die("unknown field name: %.*s", (int)(ep-atom), atom);
 137
 138         /* Add it in, including the deref prefix */
 139         at = used_atom_cnt;
 140         used_atom_cnt++;
 141         REALLOC_ARRAY(used_atom, used_atom_cnt);
 142         REALLOC_ARRAY(used_atom_type, used_atom_cnt);
 143         used_atom[at] = xmemdupz(atom, ep - atom);
 144         used_atom_type[at] = valid_atom[i].cmp_type;
 145         if (*atom == '*')
 146                 need_tagged = 1;
 147         if (!strcmp(used_atom[at], "symref"))
 148                 need_symref = 1;
 149         return at;
 150 }
 151
 152 /*
 153  * In a format string, find the next occurrence of %(atom).
 154  */
 155 static const char *find_next(const char *cp)
 156 {
 157         while (*cp) {
 158                 if (*cp == '%') {
 159                         /*
 160                          * %( is the start of an atom;
 161                          * %% is a quoted per-cent.
 162                          */
 163                         if (cp[1] == '(')
 164                                 return cp;
 165                         else if (cp[1] == '%')
 166                                 cp++; /* skip over two % */
 167                         /* otherwise this is a singleton, literal % */
 168                 }
 169                 cp++;
 170         }
 171         return NULL;
 172 }
 173
 174 /*
 175  * Make sure the format string is well formed, and parse out
 176  * the used atoms.
 177  */
 178 static int verify_format(const char *format)
 179 {
 180         const char *cp, *sp;
 181
 182         need_color_reset_at_eol = 0;
 183         for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); ) {
 184                 const char *color, *ep = strchr(sp, ')');
 185                 int at;
 186
 187                 if (!ep)
 188                         return error("malformed format string %s", sp);
 189                 /* sp points at "%(" and ep points at the closing ")" */
 190                 at = parse_atom(sp + 2, ep);
 191                 cp = ep + 1;
 192
 193                 if (skip_prefix(used_atom[at], "color:", &color))
 194                         need_color_reset_at_eol = !!strcmp(color, "reset");
 195         }
 196         return 0;
 197 }
 198
 199 /*
 200  * Given an object name, read the object data and size, and return a
 201  * "struct object".  If the object data we are returning is also borrowed
 202  * by the "struct object" representation, set *eaten as well---it is a
 203  * signal from parse_object_buffer to us not to free the buffer.
 204  */
 205 static void *get_obj(const unsigned char *sha1, struct object **obj, unsigned long *sz, int *eaten)
 206 {
 207         enum object_type type;
 208         void *buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, sz);
 209
 210         if (buf)
 211                 *obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, *sz, buf, eaten);
 212         else
 213                 *obj = NULL;
 214         return buf;
 215 }
 216
 217 static int grab_objectname(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
 218                             struct atom_value *v)
 219 {
 220         if (!strcmp(name, "objectname")) {
 221                 char *s = xmalloc(41);
 222                 strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 223                 v->s = s;
 224                 return 1;
 225         }
 226         if (!strcmp(name, "objectname:short")) {
 227                 v->s = xstrdup(find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 228                 return 1;
 229         }
 230         return 0;
 231 }
 232
 233 /* See grab_values */
 234 static void grab_common_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 235 {
 236         int i;
 237
 238         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 239                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 240                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 241                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 242                         continue;
 243                 if (deref)
 244                         name++;
 245                 if (!strcmp(name, "objecttype"))
 246                         v->s = typename(obj->type);
 247                 else if (!strcmp(name, "objectsize")) {
 248                         char *s = xmalloc(40);
 249                         sprintf(s, "%lu", sz);
 250                         v->ul = sz;
 251                         v->s = s;
 252                 }
 253                 else if (deref)
 254                         grab_objectname(name, obj->sha1, v);
 255         }
 256 }
 257
 258 /* See grab_values */
 259 static void grab_tag_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 260 {
 261         int i;
 262         struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) obj;
 263
 264         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 265                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 266                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 267                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 268                         continue;
 269                 if (deref)
 270                         name++;
 271                 if (!strcmp(name, "tag"))
 272                         v->s = tag->tag;
 273                 else if (!strcmp(name, "type") && tag->tagged)
 274                         v->s = typename(tag->tagged->type);
 275                 else if (!strcmp(name, "object") && tag->tagged) {
 276                         char *s = xmalloc(41);
 277                         strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
 278                         v->s = s;
 279                 }
 280         }
 281 }
 282
 283 /* See grab_values */
 284 static void grab_commit_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 285 {
 286         int i;
 287         struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
 288
 289         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 290                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 291                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 292                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 293                         continue;
 294                 if (deref)
 295                         name++;
 296                 if (!strcmp(name, "tree")) {
 297                         char *s = xmalloc(41);
 298                         strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(commit->tree->object.sha1));
 299                         v->s = s;
 300                 }
 301                 if (!strcmp(name, "numparent")) {
 302                         char *s = xmalloc(40);
 303                         v->ul = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
 304                         sprintf(s, "%lu", v->ul);
 305                         v->s = s;
 306                 }
 307                 else if (!strcmp(name, "parent")) {
 308                         int num = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
 309                         int i;
 310                         struct commit_list *parents;
 311                         char *s = xmalloc(41 * num + 1);
 312                         v->s = s;
 313                         for (i = 0, parents = commit->parents;
 314                              parents;
 315                              parents = parents->next, i = i + 41) {
 316                                 struct commit *parent = parents->item;
 317                                 strcpy(s+i, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
 318                                 if (parents->next)
 319                                         s[i+40] = ' ';
 320                         }
 321                         if (!i)
 322                                 *s = '\0';
 323                 }
 324         }
 325 }
 326
 327 static const char *find_wholine(const char *who, int wholen, const char *buf, unsigned long sz)
 328 {
 329         const char *eol;
 330         while (*buf) {
 331                 if (!strncmp(buf, who, wholen) &&
 332                     buf[wholen] == ' ')
 333                         return buf + wholen + 1;
 334                 eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
 335                 if (!eol)
 336                         return "";
 337                 eol++;
 338                 if (*eol == '\n')
 339                         return ""; /* end of header */
 340                 buf = eol;
 341         }
 342         return "";
 343 }
 344
 345 static const char *copy_line(const char *buf)
 346 {
 347         const char *eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
 348         return xmemdupz(buf, eol - buf);
 349 }
 350
 351 static const char *copy_name(const char *buf)
 352 {
 353         const char *cp;
 354         for (cp = buf; *cp && *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
 355                 if (!strncmp(cp, " <", 2))
 356                         return xmemdupz(buf, cp - buf);
 357         }
 358         return "";
 359 }
 360
 361 static const char *copy_email(const char *buf)
 362 {
 363         const char *email = strchr(buf, '<');
 364         const char *eoemail;
 365         if (!email)
 366                 return "";
 367         eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
 368         if (!eoemail)
 369                 return "";
 370         return xmemdupz(email, eoemail + 1 - email);
 371 }
 372
 373 static char *copy_subject(const char *buf, unsigned long len)
 374 {
 375         char *r = xmemdupz(buf, len);
 376         int i;
 377
 378         for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
 379                 if (r[i] == '\n')
 380                         r[i] = ' ';
 381
 382         return r;
 383 }
 384
 385 static void grab_date(const char *buf, struct atom_value *v, const char *atomname)
 386 {
 387         const char *eoemail = strstr(buf, "> ");
 388         char *zone;
 389         unsigned long timestamp;
 390         long tz;
 391         enum date_mode date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
 392         const char *formatp;
 393
 394         /*
 395          * We got here because atomname ends in "date" or "date<something>";
 396          * it's not possible that <something> is not ":<format>" because
 397          * parse_atom() wouldn't have allowed it, so we can assume that no
 398          * ":" means no format is specified, and use the default.
 399          */
 400         formatp = strchr(atomname, ':');
 401         if (formatp != NULL) {
 402                 formatp++;
 403                 date_mode = parse_date_format(formatp);
 404         }
 405
 406         if (!eoemail)
 407                 goto bad;
 408         timestamp = strtoul(eoemail + 2, &zone, 10);
 409         if (timestamp == ULONG_MAX)
 410                 goto bad;
 411         tz = strtol(zone, NULL, 10);
 412         if ((tz == LONG_MIN || tz == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 413                 goto bad;
 414         v->s = xstrdup(show_date(timestamp, tz, date_mode));
 415         v->ul = timestamp;
 416         return;
 417  bad:
 418         v->s = "";
 419         v->ul = 0;
 420 }
 421
 422 /* See grab_values */
 423 static void grab_person(const char *who, struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 424 {
 425         int i;
 426         int wholen = strlen(who);
 427         const char *wholine = NULL;
 428
 429         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 430                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 431                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 432                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 433                         continue;
 434                 if (deref)
 435                         name++;
 436                 if (strncmp(who, name, wholen))
 437                         continue;
 438                 if (name[wholen] != 0 &&
 439                     strcmp(name + wholen, "name") &&
 440                     strcmp(name + wholen, "email") &&
 441                     !starts_with(name + wholen, "date"))
 442                         continue;
 443                 if (!wholine)
 444                         wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
 445                 if (!wholine)
 446                         return; /* no point looking for it */
 447                 if (name[wholen] == 0)
 448                         v->s = copy_line(wholine);
 449                 else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "name"))
 450                         v->s = copy_name(wholine);
 451                 else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "email"))
 452                         v->s = copy_email(wholine);
 453                 else if (starts_with(name + wholen, "date"))
 454                         grab_date(wholine, v, name);
 455         }
 456
 457         /*
 458          * For a tag or a commit object, if "creator" or "creatordate" is
 459          * requested, do something special.
 460          */
 461         if (strcmp(who, "tagger") && strcmp(who, "committer"))
 462                 return; /* "author" for commit object is not wanted */
 463         if (!wholine)
 464                 wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
 465         if (!wholine)
 466                 return;
 467         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 468                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 469                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 470                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 471                         continue;
 472                 if (deref)
 473                         name++;
 474
 475                 if (starts_with(name, "creatordate"))
 476                         grab_date(wholine, v, name);
 477                 else if (!strcmp(name, "creator"))
 478                         v->s = copy_line(wholine);
 479         }
 480 }
 481
 482 static void find_subpos(const char *buf, unsigned long sz,
 483                         const char **sub, unsigned long *sublen,
 484                         const char **body, unsigned long *bodylen,
 485                         unsigned long *nonsiglen,
 486                         const char **sig, unsigned long *siglen)
 487 {
 488         const char *eol;
 489         /* skip past header until we hit empty line */
 490         while (*buf && *buf != '\n') {
 491                 eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
 492                 if (*eol)
 493                         eol++;
 494                 buf = eol;
 495         }
 496         /* skip any empty lines */
 497         while (*buf == '\n')
 498                 buf++;
 499
 500         /* parse signature first; we might not even have a subject line */
 501         *sig = buf + parse_signature(buf, strlen(buf));
 502         *siglen = strlen(*sig);
 503
 504         /* subject is first non-empty line */
 505         *sub = buf;
 506         /* subject goes to first empty line */
 507         while (buf < *sig && *buf && *buf != '\n') {
 508                 eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
 509                 if (*eol)
 510                         eol++;
 511                 buf = eol;
 512         }
 513         *sublen = buf - *sub;
 514         /* drop trailing newline, if present */
 515         if (*sublen && (*sub)[*sublen - 1] == '\n')
 516                 *sublen -= 1;
 517
 518         /* skip any empty lines */
 519         while (*buf == '\n')
 520                 buf++;
 521         *body = buf;
 522         *bodylen = strlen(buf);
 523         *nonsiglen = *sig - buf;
 524 }
 525
 526 /* See grab_values */
 527 static void grab_sub_body_contents(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 528 {
 529         int i;
 530         const char *subpos = NULL, *bodypos = NULL, *sigpos = NULL;
 531         unsigned long sublen = 0, bodylen = 0, nonsiglen = 0, siglen = 0;
 532
 533         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 534                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 535                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 536                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 537                         continue;
 538                 if (deref)
 539                         name++;
 540                 if (strcmp(name, "subject") &&
 541                     strcmp(name, "body") &&
 542                     strcmp(name, "contents") &&
 543                     strcmp(name, "contents:subject") &&
 544                     strcmp(name, "contents:body") &&
 545                     strcmp(name, "contents:signature"))
 546                         continue;
 547                 if (!subpos)
 548                         find_subpos(buf, sz,
 549                                     &subpos, &sublen,
 550                                     &bodypos, &bodylen, &nonsiglen,
 551                                     &sigpos, &siglen);
 552
 553                 if (!strcmp(name, "subject"))
 554                         v->s = copy_subject(subpos, sublen);
 555                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:subject"))
 556                         v->s = copy_subject(subpos, sublen);
 557                 else if (!strcmp(name, "body"))
 558                         v->s = xmemdupz(bodypos, bodylen);
 559                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:body"))
 560                         v->s = xmemdupz(bodypos, nonsiglen);
 561                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:signature"))
 562                         v->s = xmemdupz(sigpos, siglen);
 563                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents"))
 564                         v->s = xstrdup(subpos);
 565         }
 566 }
 567
 568 /*
 569  * We want to have empty print-string for field requests
 570  * that do not apply (e.g. "authordate" for a tag object)
 571  */
 572 static void fill_missing_values(struct atom_value *val)
 573 {
 574         int i;
 575         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 576                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 577                 if (v->s == NULL)
 578                         v->s = "";
 579         }
 580 }
 581
 582 /*
 583  * val is a list of atom_value to hold returned values.  Extract
 584  * the values for atoms in used_atom array out of (obj, buf, sz).
 585  * when deref is false, (obj, buf, sz) is the object that is
 586  * pointed at by the ref itself; otherwise it is the object the
 587  * ref (which is a tag) refers to.
 588  */
 589 static void grab_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 590 {
 591         grab_common_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 592         switch (obj->type) {
 593         case OBJ_TAG:
 594                 grab_tag_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 595                 grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 596                 grab_person("tagger", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 597                 break;
 598         case OBJ_COMMIT:
 599                 grab_commit_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 600                 grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 601                 grab_person("author", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 602                 grab_person("committer", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 603                 break;
 604         case OBJ_TREE:
 605                 /* grab_tree_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz); */
 606                 break;
 607         case OBJ_BLOB:
 608                 /* grab_blob_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz); */
 609                 break;
 610         default:
 611                 die("Eh?  Object of type %d?", obj->type);
 612         }
 613 }
 614
 615 static inline char *copy_advance(char *dst, const char *src)
 616 {
 617         while (*src)
 618                 *dst++ = *src++;
 619         return dst;
 620 }
 621
 622 /*
 623  * Parse the object referred by ref, and grab needed value.
 624  */
 625 static void populate_value(struct refinfo *ref)
 626 {
 627         void *buf;
 628         struct object *obj;
 629         int eaten, i;
 630         unsigned long size;
 631         const unsigned char *tagged;
 632
 633         ref->value = xcalloc(used_atom_cnt, sizeof(struct atom_value));
 634
 635         if (need_symref && (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && !ref->symref) {
 636                 unsigned char unused1[20];
 637                 ref->symref = resolve_refdup(ref->refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
 638                                              unused1, NULL);
 639                 if (!ref->symref)
 640                         ref->symref = "";
 641         }
 642
 643         /* Fill in specials first */
 644         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 645                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 646                 struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
 647                 int deref = 0;
 648                 const char *refname;
 649                 const char *formatp;
 650                 struct branch *branch = NULL;
 651
 652                 if (*name == '*') {
 653                         deref = 1;
 654                         name++;
 655                 }
 656
 657                 if (starts_with(name, "refname"))
 658                         refname = ref->refname;
 659                 else if (starts_with(name, "symref"))
 660                         refname = ref->symref ? ref->symref : "";
 661                 else if (starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
 662                         const char *branch_name;
 663                         /* only local branches may have an upstream */
 664                         if (!skip_prefix(ref->refname, "refs/heads/",
 665                                          &branch_name))
 666                                 continue;
 667                         branch = branch_get(branch_name);
 668
 669                         refname = branch_get_upstream(branch, NULL);
 670                         if (!refname)
 671                                 continue;
 672                 } else if (starts_with(name, "color:")) {
 673                         char color[COLOR_MAXLEN] = "";
 674
 675                         if (color_parse(name + 6, color) < 0)
 676                                 die(_("unable to parse format"));
 677                         v->s = xstrdup(color);
 678                         continue;
 679                 } else if (!strcmp(name, "flag")) {
 680                         char buf[256], *cp = buf;
 681                         if (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
 682                                 cp = copy_advance(cp, ",symref");
 683                         if (ref->flag & REF_ISPACKED)
 684                                 cp = copy_advance(cp, ",packed");
 685                         if (cp == buf)
 686                                 v->s = "";
 687                         else {
 688                                 *cp = '\0';
 689                                 v->s = xstrdup(buf + 1);
 690                         }
 691                         continue;
 692                 } else if (!deref && grab_objectname(name, ref->objectname, v)) {
 693                         continue;
 694                 } else if (!strcmp(name, "HEAD")) {
 695                         const char *head;
 696                         unsigned char sha1[20];
 697
 698                         head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING,
 699                                                   sha1, NULL);
 700                         if (!strcmp(ref->refname, head))
 701                                 v->s = "*";
 702                         else
 703                                 v->s = " ";
 704                         continue;
 705                 } else
 706                         continue;
 707
 708                 formatp = strchr(name, ':');
 709                 if (formatp) {
 710                         int num_ours, num_theirs;
 711
 712                         formatp++;
 713                         if (!strcmp(formatp, "short"))
 714                                 refname = shorten_unambiguous_ref(refname,
 715                                                       warn_ambiguous_refs);
 716                         else if (!strcmp(formatp, "track") &&
 717                                  starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
 718                                 char buf[40];
 719
 720                                 if (stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours,
 721                                                        &num_theirs, NULL))
 722                                         continue;
 723
 724                                 if (!num_ours && !num_theirs)
 725                                         v->s = "";
 726                                 else if (!num_ours) {
 727                                         sprintf(buf, "[behind %d]", num_theirs);
 728                                         v->s = xstrdup(buf);
 729                                 } else if (!num_theirs) {
 730                                         sprintf(buf, "[ahead %d]", num_ours);
 731                                         v->s = xstrdup(buf);
 732                                 } else {
 733                                         sprintf(buf, "[ahead %d, behind %d]",
 734                                                 num_ours, num_theirs);
 735                                         v->s = xstrdup(buf);
 736                                 }
 737                                 continue;
 738                         } else if (!strcmp(formatp, "trackshort") &&
 739                                    starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
 740                                 assert(branch);
 741
 742                                 if (stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours,
 743                                                         &num_theirs, NULL))
 744                                         continue;
 745
 746                                 if (!num_ours && !num_theirs)
 747                                         v->s = "=";
 748                                 else if (!num_ours)
 749                                         v->s = "<";
 750                                 else if (!num_theirs)
 751                                         v->s = ">";
 752                                 else
 753                                         v->s = "<>";
 754                                 continue;
 755                         } else
 756                                 die("unknown %.*s format %s",
 757                                     (int)(formatp - name), name, formatp);
 758                 }
 759
 760                 if (!deref)
 761                         v->s = refname;
 762                 else {
 763                         int len = strlen(refname);
 764                         char *s = xmalloc(len + 4);
 765                         sprintf(s, "%s^{}", refname);
 766                         v->s = s;
 767                 }
 768         }
 769
 770         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 771                 struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
 772                 if (v->s == NULL)
 773                         goto need_obj;
 774         }
 775         return;
 776
 777  need_obj:
 778         buf = get_obj(ref->objectname, &obj, &size, &eaten);
 779         if (!buf)
 780                 die("missing object %s for %s",
 781                     sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
 782         if (!obj)
 783                 die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
 784                     sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
 785
 786         grab_values(ref->value, 0, obj, buf, size);
 787         if (!eaten)
 788                 free(buf);
 789
 790         /*
 791          * If there is no atom that wants to know about tagged
 792          * object, we are done.
 793          */
 794         if (!need_tagged || (obj->type != OBJ_TAG))
 795                 return;
 796
 797         /*
 798          * If it is a tag object, see if we use a value that derefs
 799          * the object, and if we do grab the object it refers to.
 800          */
 801         tagged = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged->sha1;
 802
 803         /*
 804          * NEEDSWORK: This derefs tag only once, which
 805          * is good to deal with chains of trust, but
 806          * is not consistent with what deref_tag() does
 807          * which peels the onion to the core.
 808          */
 809         buf = get_obj(tagged, &obj, &size, &eaten);
 810         if (!buf)
 811                 die("missing object %s for %s",
 812                     sha1_to_hex(tagged), ref->refname);
 813         if (!obj)
 814                 die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
 815                     sha1_to_hex(tagged), ref->refname);
 816         grab_values(ref->value, 1, obj, buf, size);
 817         if (!eaten)
 818                 free(buf);
 819 }
 820
 821 /*
 822  * Given a ref, return the value for the atom.  This lazily gets value
 823  * out of the object by calling populate value.
 824  */
 825 static void get_value(struct refinfo *ref, int atom, struct atom_value **v)
 826 {
 827         if (!ref->value) {
 828                 populate_value(ref);
 829                 fill_missing_values(ref->value);
 830         }
 831         *v = &ref->value[atom];
 832 }
 833
 834 struct grab_ref_cbdata {
 835         struct refinfo **grab_array;
 836         const char **grab_pattern;
 837         int grab_cnt;
 838 };
 839
 840 /*
 841  * A call-back given to for_each_ref().  Filter refs and keep them for
 842  * later object processing.
 843  */
 844 static int grab_single_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 845 {
 846         struct grab_ref_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
 847         struct refinfo *ref;
 848         int cnt;
 849
 850         if (flag & REF_BAD_NAME) {
 851                   warning("ignoring ref with broken name %s", refname);
 852                   return 0;
 853         }
 854
 855         if (*cb->grab_pattern) {
 856                 const char **pattern;
 857                 int namelen = strlen(refname);
 858                 for (pattern = cb->grab_pattern; *pattern; pattern++) {
 859                         const char *p = *pattern;
 860                         int plen = strlen(p);
 861
 862                         if ((plen <= namelen) &&
 863                             !strncmp(refname, p, plen) &&
 864                             (refname[plen] == '\0' ||
 865                              refname[plen] == '/' ||
 866                              p[plen-1] == '/'))
 867                                 break;
 868                         if (!wildmatch(p, refname, WM_PATHNAME, NULL))
 869                                 break;
 870                 }
 871                 if (!*pattern)
 872                         return 0;
 873         }
 874
 875         /*
 876          * We do not open the object yet; sort may only need refname
 877          * to do its job and the resulting list may yet to be pruned
 878          * by maxcount logic.
 879          */
 880         ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref));
 881         ref->refname = xstrdup(refname);
 882         hashcpy(ref->objectname, sha1);
 883         ref->flag = flag;
 884
 885         cnt = cb->grab_cnt;
 886         REALLOC_ARRAY(cb->grab_array, cnt + 1);
 887         cb->grab_array[cnt++] = ref;
 888         cb->grab_cnt = cnt;
 889         return 0;
 890 }
 891
 892 static int cmp_ref_sort(struct ref_sort *s, struct refinfo *a, struct refinfo *b)
 893 {
 894         struct atom_value *va, *vb;
 895         int cmp;
 896         cmp_type cmp_type = used_atom_type[s->atom];
 897
 898         get_value(a, s->atom, &va);
 899         get_value(b, s->atom, &vb);
 900         switch (cmp_type) {
 901         case FIELD_STR:
 902                 cmp = strcmp(va->s, vb->s);
 903                 break;
 904         default:
 905                 if (va->ul < vb->ul)
 906                         cmp = -1;
 907                 else if (va->ul == vb->ul)
 908                         cmp = 0;
 909                 else
 910                         cmp = 1;
 911                 break;
 912         }
 913         return (s->reverse) ? -cmp : cmp;
 914 }
 915
 916 static struct ref_sort *ref_sort;
 917 static int compare_refs(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 918 {
 919         struct refinfo *a = *((struct refinfo **)a_);
 920         struct refinfo *b = *((struct refinfo **)b_);
 921         struct ref_sort *s;
 922
 923         for (s = ref_sort; s; s = s->next) {
 924                 int cmp = cmp_ref_sort(s, a, b);
 925                 if (cmp)
 926                         return cmp;
 927         }
 928         return 0;
 929 }
 930
 931 static void sort_refs(struct ref_sort *sort, struct refinfo **refs, int num_refs)
 932 {
 933         ref_sort = sort;
 934         qsort(refs, num_refs, sizeof(struct refinfo *), compare_refs);
 935 }
 936
 937 static void print_value(struct atom_value *v, int quote_style)
 938 {
 939         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 940         switch (quote_style) {
 941         case QUOTE_NONE:
 942                 fputs(v->s, stdout);
 943                 break;
 944         case QUOTE_SHELL:
 945                 sq_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
 946                 break;
 947         case QUOTE_PERL:
 948                 perl_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
 949                 break;
 950         case QUOTE_PYTHON:
 951                 python_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
 952                 break;
 953         case QUOTE_TCL:
 954                 tcl_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
 955                 break;
 956         }
 957         if (quote_style != QUOTE_NONE) {
 958                 fputs(sb.buf, stdout);
 959                 strbuf_release(&sb);
 960         }
 961 }
 962
 963 static int hex1(char ch)
 964 {
 965         if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9')
 966                 return ch - '0';
 967         else if ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'f')
 968                 return ch - 'a' + 10;
 969         else if ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'F')
 970                 return ch - 'A' + 10;
 971         return -1;
 972 }
 973 static int hex2(const char *cp)
 974 {
 975         if (cp[0] && cp[1])
 976                 return (hex1(cp[0]) << 4) | hex1(cp[1]);
 977         else
 978                 return -1;
 979 }
 980
 981 static void emit(const char *cp, const char *ep)
 982 {
 983         while (*cp && (!ep || cp < ep)) {
 984                 if (*cp == '%') {
 985                         if (cp[1] == '%')
 986                                 cp++;
 987                         else {
 988                                 int ch = hex2(cp + 1);
 989                                 if (0 <= ch) {
 990                                         putchar(ch);
 991                                         cp += 3;
 992                                         continue;
 993                                 }
 994                         }
 995                 }
 996                 putchar(*cp);
 997                 cp++;
 998         }
 999 }
1000
1001 static void show_ref(struct refinfo *info, const char *format, int quote_style)
1002 {
1003         const char *cp, *sp, *ep;
1004
1005         for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); cp = ep + 1) {
1006                 struct atom_value *atomv;
1007
1008                 ep = strchr(sp, ')');
1009                 if (cp < sp)
1010                         emit(cp, sp);
1011                 get_value(info, parse_atom(sp + 2, ep), &atomv);
1012                 print_value(atomv, quote_style);
1013         }
1014         if (*cp) {
1015                 sp = cp + strlen(cp);
1016                 emit(cp, sp);
1017         }
1018         if (need_color_reset_at_eol) {
1019                 struct atom_value resetv;
1020                 char color[COLOR_MAXLEN] = "";
1021
1022                 if (color_parse("reset", color) < 0)
1023                         die("BUG: couldn't parse 'reset' as a color");
1024                 resetv.s = color;
1025                 print_value(&resetv, quote_style);
1026         }
1027         putchar('\n');
1028 }
1029
1030 static struct ref_sort *default_sort(void)
1031 {
1032         static const char cstr_name[] = "refname";
1033
1034         struct ref_sort *sort = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*sort));
1035
1036         sort->next = NULL;
1037         sort->atom = parse_atom(cstr_name, cstr_name + strlen(cstr_name));
1038         return sort;
1039 }
1040
1041 static int opt_parse_sort(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
1042 {
1043         struct ref_sort **sort_tail = opt->value;
1044         struct ref_sort *s;
1045         int len;
1046
1047         if (!arg) /* should --no-sort void the list ? */
1048                 return -1;
1049
1050         s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
1051         s->next = *sort_tail;
1052         *sort_tail = s;
1053
1054         if (*arg == '-') {
1055                 s->reverse = 1;
1056                 arg++;
1057         }
1058         len = strlen(arg);
1059         s->atom = parse_atom(arg, arg+len);
1060         return 0;
1061 }
1062
1063 static char const * const for_each_ref_usage[] = {
1064         N_("git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"),
1065         NULL
1066 };
1067
1068 int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
1069 {
1070         int i, num_refs;
1071         const char *format = "%(objectname) %(objecttype)\t%(refname)";
1072         struct ref_sort *sort = NULL, **sort_tail = &sort;
1073         int maxcount = 0, quote_style = 0;
1074         struct refinfo **refs;
1075         struct grab_ref_cbdata cbdata;
1076
1077         struct option opts[] = {
1078                 OPT_BIT('s', "shell", &quote_style,
1079                         N_("quote placeholders suitably for shells"), QUOTE_SHELL),
1080                 OPT_BIT('p', "perl",  &quote_style,
1081                         N_("quote placeholders suitably for perl"), QUOTE_PERL),
1082                 OPT_BIT(0 , "python", &quote_style,
1083                         N_("quote placeholders suitably for python"), QUOTE_PYTHON),
1084                 OPT_BIT(0 , "tcl",  &quote_style,
1085                         N_("quote placeholders suitably for Tcl"), QUOTE_TCL),
1086
1087                 OPT_GROUP(""),
1088                 OPT_INTEGER( 0 , "count", &maxcount, N_("show only <n> matched refs")),
1089                 OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format, N_("format"), N_("format to use for the output")),
1090                 OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sort_tail, N_("key"),
1091                             N_("field name to sort on"), &opt_parse_sort),
1092                 OPT_END(),
1093         };
1094
1095         parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, for_each_ref_usage, 0);
1096         if (maxcount < 0) {
1097                 error("invalid --count argument: `%d'", maxcount);
1098                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
1099         }
1100         if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(quote_style)) {
1101                 error("more than one quoting style?");
1102                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
1103         }
1104         if (verify_format(format))
1105                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
1106
1107         if (!sort)
1108                 sort = default_sort();
1109
1110         /* for warn_ambiguous_refs */
1111         git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
1112
1113         memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
1114         cbdata.grab_pattern = argv;
1115         for_each_rawref(grab_single_ref, &cbdata);
1116         refs = cbdata.grab_array;
1117         num_refs = cbdata.grab_cnt;
1118
1119         sort_refs(sort, refs, num_refs);
1120
1121         if (!maxcount || num_refs < maxcount)
1122                 maxcount = num_refs;
1123         for (i = 0; i < maxcount; i++)
1124                 show_ref(refs[i], format, quote_style);
1125         return 0;
1126 }