6 git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission
12 'git format-patch' [-k] [-o <dir> | --stdout] [--thread]
13 [--attach[=<boundary>] | --inline[=<boundary>]]
14 [-s | --signoff] [<common diff options>]
15 [-n | --numbered | -N | --no-numbered]
16 [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
17 [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
18 [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
19 [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
22 [ <since> | <revision range> ]
27 Prepare each commit with its patch in
28 one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
29 The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
30 for use with 'git-am'.
32 There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
34 1. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
35 to the tip of the current branch that are not in the history
36 that leads to the <since> to be output.
38 2. Generic <revision range> expression (see "SPECIFYING
39 REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) means the
40 commits in the specified range.
42 A single commit, when interpreted as a <revision range>
43 expression, means "everything that leads to that commit", but
44 if you write 'git format-patch <commit>', the previous rule
45 applies to that command line and you do not get "everything
46 since the beginning of the time". If you want to format
47 everything since project inception to one commit, say "git
48 format-patch \--root <commit>" to make it clear that it is the
49 latter case. If you want to format a single commit, you can do
50 this with "git format-patch -1 <commit>".
52 By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
53 first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as
54 the filename. With the --numbered-files option, the output file names
55 will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended.
56 The names of the output files are printed to standard
57 output, unless the --stdout option is specified.
59 If -o is specified, output files are created in <dir>. Otherwise
60 they are created in the current working directory.
62 By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] First Line" and
63 the subject when multiple patches are output is "[PATCH n/m] First
64 Line". To force 1/1 to be added for a single patch, use -n. To omit
65 patch numbers from the subject, use -N
67 If given --thread, 'git-format-patch' will generate In-Reply-To and
68 References headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
69 as replies to the first mail; this also generates a Message-Id header to
75 include::diff-options.txt[]
78 Limits the number of patches to prepare.
81 --output-directory <dir>::
82 Use <dir> to store the resulting files, instead of the
83 current working directory.
87 Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format, even with a single patch.
91 Name output in '[PATCH]' format.
94 Start numbering the patches at <n> instead of 1.
97 Output file names will be a simple number sequence
98 without the default first line of the commit appended.
99 Mutually exclusive with the --stdout option.
103 Do not strip/add '[PATCH]' from the first line of the
108 Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
109 the committer identity of yourself.
112 Print all commits to the standard output in mbox format,
113 instead of creating a file for each one.
115 --attach[=<boundary>]::
116 Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
117 which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
118 second part, with "Content-Disposition: attachment".
120 --inline[=<boundary>]::
121 Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
122 which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
123 second part, with "Content-Disposition: inline".
126 Add In-Reply-To and References headers to make the second and
127 subsequent mails appear as replies to the first. Also generates
128 the Message-Id header to reference.
130 --in-reply-to=Message-Id::
131 Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a
132 reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
133 provide a new patch series.
135 --ignore-if-in-upstream::
136 Do not include a patch that matches a commit in
137 <until>..<since>. This will examine all patches reachable
138 from <since> but not from <until> and compare them with the
139 patches being generated, and any patch that matches is
142 --subject-prefix=<Subject-Prefix>::
143 Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject
144 line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This
145 allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
146 combined with the --numbered option.
149 Add a "Cc:" header to the email headers. This is in addition
150 to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
153 In addition to the patches, generate a cover letter file
154 containing the shortlog and the overall diffstat. You can
155 fill in a description in the file before sending it out.
158 Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated
159 filenames, use specified suffix. A common alternative is
162 Note that you would need to include the leading dot `.` if you
163 want a filename like `0001-description-of-my-change.patch`, and
164 the first letter does not have to be a dot. Leaving it empty would
168 Don't output contents of changes in binary files, just take note
169 that they differ. Note that this disable the patch to be properly
170 applied. By default the contents of changes in those files are
171 encoded in the patch.
175 You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message
176 in the repository configuration, new defaults for the subject prefix
177 and file suffix, and number patches when outputting more than one.
181 headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
182 subjectprefix = CHANGE
192 * Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply them on top of
193 the current branch using 'git-am' to cherry-pick them:
196 $ git format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git am -3 -k
199 * Extract all commits which are in the current branch but not in the
203 $ git format-patch origin
206 For each commit a separate file is created in the current directory.
208 * Extract all commits that lead to 'origin' since the inception of the
212 $ git format-patch --root origin
215 * The same as the previous one:
218 $ git format-patch -M -B origin
221 Additionally, it detects and handles renames and complete rewrites
222 intelligently to produce a renaming patch. A renaming patch reduces
223 the amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to review it.
224 Note that the "patch" program does not understand renaming patches, so
225 use it only when you know the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
227 * Extract three topmost commits from the current branch and format them
228 as e-mailable patches:
231 $ git format-patch -3
236 linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1]
241 Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
245 Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
249 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite