6 git-stash - Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away
11 'git stash' list [<options>]
12 'git stash' show [<stash>]
13 'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
14 'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
15 'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
16 'git stash' [save [--patch] [-k|--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]]
23 Use 'git stash' when you want to record the current state of the
24 working directory and the index, but want to go back to a clean
25 working directory. The command saves your local modifications away
26 and reverts the working directory to match the `HEAD` commit.
28 The modifications stashed away by this command can be listed with
29 `git stash list`, inspected with `git stash show`, and restored
30 (potentially on top of a different commit) with `git stash apply`.
31 Calling `git stash` without any arguments is equivalent to `git stash save`.
32 A stash is by default listed as "WIP on 'branchname' ...", but
33 you can give a more descriptive message on the command line when
36 The latest stash you created is stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/stash`; older
37 stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using
38 the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the most recently
39 created stash, `stash@\{1}` is the one before it, `stash@\{2.hours.ago}`
45 save [--patch] [--[no-]keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
47 Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset
48 --hard` to revert them. The <message> part is optional and gives
49 the description along with the stashed state. For quickly making
50 a snapshot, you can omit _both_ "save" and <message>, but giving
51 only <message> does not trigger this action to prevent a misspelled
52 subcommand from making an unwanted stash.
54 If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the
55 index are left intact.
57 With `--patch`, you can interactively select hunks from in the diff
58 between HEAD and the working tree to be stashed. The stash entry is
59 constructed such that its index state is the same as the index state
60 of your repository, and its worktree contains only the changes you
61 selected interactively. The selected changes are then rolled back
64 The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`. You can use
65 `--no-keep-index` to override this.
69 List the stashes that you currently have. Each 'stash' is listed
70 with its name (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@\{1}` is
71 the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current when the
72 stash was made, and a short description of the commit the stash was
75 ----------------------------------------------------------------
76 stash@{0}: WIP on submit: 6ebd0e2... Update git-stash documentation
77 stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash
78 ----------------------------------------------------------------
80 The command takes options applicable to the 'git-log'
81 command to control what is shown and how. If no options are set, the
82 default is `-n 10`. See linkgit:git-log[1].
86 Show the changes recorded in the stash as a diff between the
87 stashed state and its original parent. When no `<stash>` is given,
88 shows the latest one. By default, the command shows the diffstat, but
89 it will accept any format known to 'git-diff' (e.g., `git stash show
90 -p stash@\{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form).
92 pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
94 Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply it
95 on top of the current working tree state, i.e., do the inverse
96 operation of `git stash save`. The working directory must
99 Applying the state can fail with conflicts; in this case, it is not
100 removed from the stash list. You need to resolve the conflicts by hand
101 and call `git stash drop` manually afterwards.
103 If the `--index` option is used, then tries to reinstate not only the working
104 tree's changes, but also the index's ones. However, this can fail, when you
105 have conflicts (which are stored in the index, where you therefore can no
106 longer apply the changes as they were originally).
108 When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@\{0}` is assumed.
110 apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
112 Like `pop`, but do not remove the state from the stash list.
114 branch <branchname> [<stash>]::
116 Creates and checks out a new branch named `<branchname>` starting from
117 the commit at which the `<stash>` was originally created, applies the
118 changes recorded in `<stash>` to the new working tree and index, then
119 drops the `<stash>` if that completes successfully. When no `<stash>`
120 is given, applies the latest one.
122 This is useful if the branch on which you ran `git stash save` has
123 changed enough that `git stash apply` fails due to conflicts. Since
124 the stash is applied on top of the commit that was HEAD at the time
125 `git stash` was run, it restores the originally stashed state with
129 Remove all the stashed states. Note that those states will then
130 be subject to pruning, and may be impossible to recover (see
131 'Examples' below for a possible strategy).
133 drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
135 Remove a single stashed state from the stash list. When no `<stash>`
136 is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@\{0}`
140 Create a stash (which is a regular commit object) and return its
141 object name, without storing it anywhere in the ref namespace.
147 A stash is represented as a commit whose tree records the state of the
148 working directory, and its first parent is the commit at `HEAD` when
149 the stash was created. The tree of the second parent records the
150 state of the index when the stash is made, and it is made a child of
151 the `HEAD` commit. The ancestry graph looks like this:
157 where `H` is the `HEAD` commit, `I` is a commit that records the state
158 of the index, and `W` is a commit that records the state of the working
165 Pulling into a dirty tree::
167 When you are in the middle of something, you learn that there are
168 upstream changes that are possibly relevant to what you are
169 doing. When your local changes do not conflict with the changes in
170 the upstream, a simple `git pull` will let you move forward.
172 However, there are cases in which your local changes do conflict with
173 the upstream changes, and `git pull` refuses to overwrite your
174 changes. In such a case, you can stash your changes away,
175 perform a pull, and then unstash, like this:
177 ----------------------------------------------------------------
180 file foobar not up to date, cannot merge.
184 ----------------------------------------------------------------
186 Interrupted workflow::
188 When you are in the middle of something, your boss comes in and
189 demands that you fix something immediately. Traditionally, you would
190 make a commit to a temporary branch to store your changes away, and
191 return to your original branch to make the emergency fix, like this:
193 ----------------------------------------------------------------
194 # ... hack hack hack ...
195 $ git checkout -b my_wip
196 $ git commit -a -m "WIP"
197 $ git checkout master
199 $ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
200 $ git checkout my_wip
201 $ git reset --soft HEAD^
202 # ... continue hacking ...
203 ----------------------------------------------------------------
205 You can use 'git-stash' to simplify the above, like this:
207 ----------------------------------------------------------------
208 # ... hack hack hack ...
211 $ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
213 # ... continue hacking ...
214 ----------------------------------------------------------------
216 Testing partial commits::
218 You can use `git stash save --keep-index` when you want to make two or
219 more commits out of the changes in the work tree, and you want to test
220 each change before committing:
222 ----------------------------------------------------------------
223 # ... hack hack hack ...
224 $ git add --patch foo # add just first part to the index
225 $ git stash save --keep-index # save all other changes to the stash
226 $ edit/build/test first part
227 $ git commit -m 'First part' # commit fully tested change
228 $ git stash pop # prepare to work on all other changes
229 # ... repeat above five steps until one commit remains ...
230 $ edit/build/test remaining parts
231 $ git commit foo -m 'Remaining parts'
232 ----------------------------------------------------------------
234 Recovering stashes that were cleared/dropped erroneously::
236 If you mistakenly drop or clear stashes, they cannot be recovered
237 through the normal safety mechanisms. However, you can try the
238 following incantation to get a list of stashes that are still in your
239 repository, but not reachable any more:
241 ----------------------------------------------------------------
242 git fsck --unreachable |
243 grep commit | cut -d\ -f3 |
244 xargs git log --merges --no-walk --grep=WIP
245 ----------------------------------------------------------------
250 linkgit:git-checkout[1],
251 linkgit:git-commit[1],
252 linkgit:git-reflog[1],
257 Written by Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@bluebottle.com>
261 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite