6 git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission
12 'git-format-patch' [-n | -k] [-o <dir> | --stdout] [--thread]
13 [--attach[=<boundary>] | --inline[=<boundary>]]
14 [-s | --signoff] [<common diff options>]
15 [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
16 [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
17 [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
18 [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
19 [ <since> | <revision range> ]
24 Prepare each commit with its patch in
25 one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
26 The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
27 for use with gitlink:git-am[1].
29 There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
31 1. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
32 to the tip of the current branch that are not in the history
33 that leads to the <since> to be output.
35 2. Generic <revision range> expression (see "SPECIFYING
36 REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1]) means the
37 commits in the specified range.
39 A single commit, when interpreted as a <revision range>
40 expression, means "everything that leads to that commit", but
41 if you write 'git format-patch <commit>', the previous rule
42 applies to that command line and you do not get "everything
43 since the beginning of the time". If you want to format
44 everything since project inception to one commit, say "git
45 format-patch \--root <commit>" to make it clear that it is the
48 By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
49 first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as
50 the filename. With the --numbered-files option, the output file names
51 will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended.
52 The names of the output files are printed to standard
53 output, unless the --stdout option is specified.
55 If -o is specified, output files are created in <dir>. Otherwise
56 they are created in the current working directory.
58 If -n is specified, instead of "[PATCH] Subject", the first line
59 is formatted as "[PATCH n/m] Subject".
61 If given --thread, git-format-patch will generate In-Reply-To and
62 References headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
63 as replies to the first mail; this also generates a Message-Id header to
68 include::diff-options.txt[]
71 Limits the number of patches to prepare.
73 -o|--output-directory <dir>::
74 Use <dir> to store the resulting files, instead of the
75 current working directory.
78 Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format.
81 Start numbering the patches at <n> instead of 1.
84 Output file names will be a simple number sequence
85 without the default first line of the commit appended.
86 Mutually exclusive with the --stdout option.
89 Do not strip/add '[PATCH]' from the first line of the
93 Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
94 the committer identity of yourself.
97 Print all commits to the standard output in mbox format,
98 instead of creating a file for each one.
100 --attach[=<boundary>]::
101 Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
102 which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
103 second part, with "Content-Disposition: attachment".
105 --inline[=<boundary>]::
106 Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
107 which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
108 second part, with "Content-Disposition: inline".
111 Add In-Reply-To and References headers to make the second and
112 subsequent mails appear as replies to the first. Also generates
113 the Message-Id header to reference.
115 --in-reply-to=Message-Id::
116 Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a
117 reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
118 provide a new patch series.
120 --ignore-if-in-upstream::
121 Do not include a patch that matches a commit in
122 <until>..<since>. This will examine all patches reachable
123 from <since> but not from <until> and compare them with the
124 patches being generated, and any patch that matches is
127 --subject-prefix=<Subject-Prefix>::
128 Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject
129 line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This
130 allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
131 combined with the --numbered option.
134 Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated
135 filenames, use specified suffix. A common alternative is
138 Note that you would need to include the leading dot `.` if you
139 want a filename like `0001-description-of-my-change.patch`, and
140 the first letter does not have to be a dot. Leaving it empty would
145 You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each
146 message in the repository configuration. You can also specify
147 new defaults for the subject prefix and file suffix.
151 headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
152 subjectprefix = CHANGE
160 git-format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git-am -3 -k::
161 Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply
162 them on top of the current branch using `git-am` to
165 git-format-patch origin::
166 Extract all commits which are in the current branch but
167 not in the origin branch. For each commit a separate file
168 is created in the current directory.
170 git-format-patch \--root origin::
171 Extract all commits which that leads to 'origin' since the
172 inception of the project.
174 git-format-patch -M -B origin::
175 The same as the previous one. Additionally, it detects
176 and handles renames and complete rewrites intelligently to
177 produce a renaming patch. A renaming patch reduces the
178 amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to
179 review it. Note that the "patch" program does not
180 understand renaming patches, so use it only when you know
181 the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
183 git-format-patch -3::
184 Extract three topmost commits from the current branch
185 and format them as e-mailable patches.
189 gitlink:git-am[1], gitlink:git-send-email[1]
194 Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
198 Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
202 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite