compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7 #include "../cache.h"
   8
   9 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  10
  11 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  12 {
  13         int error = ENOSYS;
  14         switch(winerr) {
  15         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  16         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  17         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  19         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  20         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  21         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  31         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  32         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  33         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  35         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  36         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  42         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  43         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  44         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  45         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  46         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  47         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  48         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  49         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  50         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  51         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  55         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  56         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  57         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  58         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  76         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  77         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  78         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  79         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  81         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  82         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  83         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  84         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  85         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  86         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  87         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  88         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  90         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  94         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  95         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  97         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  98         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
  99         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 100         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 101         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 106         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 107         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 108         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 109         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 110         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 111         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 112         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 113         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 114         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 115         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 116         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 117         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 118         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 119         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 120         }
 121         return error;
 122 }
 123
 124 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 125 {
 126         switch (errcode) {
 127         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 128         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 129                 return 1;
 130         }
 131
 132         return 0;
 133 }
 134
 135 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 136 {
 137         char answer[1024];
 138
 139         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 140                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 141                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 142
 143                 /* remove the newline */
 144                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 145                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 146                         got_full_line = 1;
 147                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 148                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 149                         got_full_line = 1;
 150                 }
 151                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 152                 if (!got_full_line)
 153                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 154                                 ;
 155         } else
 156                 /* we could not read, return the
 157                  * default answer which is no */
 158                 return 0;
 159
 160         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 161                 return 1;
 162         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 163                 return 1;
 164         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 165                 return 0;
 166         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 167                 return 0;
 168
 169         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 170         return -1;
 171 }
 172
 173 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 174 {
 175         char question[4096];
 176         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 177         va_list args;
 178
 179         va_start(args, format);
 180         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 181         va_end(args);
 182
 183         if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 184                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 185                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 186         }
 187
 188         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 189                 return 0;
 190
 191         while (1) {
 192                 int answer;
 193                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 194
 195                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 196                         return answer;
 197
 198                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 199                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 200         }
 201 }
 202
 203 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 204 {
 205         int ret, tries = 0;
 206         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 207         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 208                 return -1;
 209
 210         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 211         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 212         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 213                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 214                         break;
 215                 /*
 216                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 217                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 218                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 219                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 220                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 221                  */
 222                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 223                 tries++;
 224         }
 225         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 226                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 227                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 228                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 229         return ret;
 230 }
 231
 232 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 233 {
 234         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 235         HANDLE handle;
 236         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 237         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 238         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 239         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 240         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 241                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 242
 243         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 244                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 245                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 246                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 247                         FindClose(handle);
 248                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 249                 }
 250         FindClose(handle);
 251         return 0;
 252 }
 253
 254 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 255 {
 256         int ret, tries = 0;
 257         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 258         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 259                 return -1;
 260
 261         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 262                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 263                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 264                 if (errno != EACCES)
 265                         break;
 266                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 267                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 268                         break;
 269                 }
 270                 /*
 271                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 272                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 273                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 274                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 275                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 276                  */
 277                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 278                 tries++;
 279         }
 280         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 281                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 282                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 283                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 284         return ret;
 285 }
 286
 287 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 288 {
 289         int ret;
 290         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 291         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 292                 return -1;
 293         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 294         return ret;
 295 }
 296
 297 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 298 {
 299         va_list args;
 300         unsigned mode;
 301         int fd;
 302         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 303
 304         va_start(args, oflags);
 305         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 306         va_end(args);
 307
 308         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 309                 filename = "nul";
 310
 311         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 312                 return -1;
 313         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 314
 315         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 316                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 317                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 318                         errno = EISDIR;
 319         }
 320         return fd;
 321 }
 322
 323 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 324 {
 325         return TRUE;
 326 }
 327
 328 #undef fgetc
 329 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 330 {
 331         int ch;
 332         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 333                 return fgetc(stream);
 334
 335         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 336         while (1) {
 337                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 338                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 339                         break;
 340
 341                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 342                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 343         }
 344         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 345         return ch;
 346 }
 347
 348 #undef fopen
 349 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 350 {
 351         FILE *file;
 352         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 353         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 354                 filename = "nul";
 355         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 356                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 357                 return NULL;
 358         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 359         return file;
 360 }
 361
 362 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 363 {
 364         FILE *file;
 365         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 366         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 367                 filename = "nul";
 368         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 369                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 370                 return NULL;
 371         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 372         return file;
 373 }
 374
 375 #undef fflush
 376 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 377 {
 378         int ret = fflush(stream);
 379
 380         /*
 381          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 382          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 383          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 384          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 385          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 386          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 387          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 388          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 389          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 390          */
 391         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 392                 errno = EPIPE;
 393
 394         return ret;
 395 }
 396
 397 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 398 {
 399         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 400         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 401                 return -1;
 402         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 403         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 404 }
 405
 406 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 407 {
 408         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 409         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 410                 return -1;
 411         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 412 }
 413
 414 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 415 {
 416         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 417         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 418                 return -1;
 419         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 420 }
 421
 422 /*
 423  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 424  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 425  */
 426 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 427 {
 428         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 429         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 430         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 431 }
 432
 433 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 434 {
 435         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 436 }
 437
 438 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 439  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 440  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 441  *
 442  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 443  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 444  */
 445 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 446 {
 447         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 448         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 449         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 450                 return -1;
 451
 452         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 453                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 454                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 455                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 456                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 457                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 458                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 459                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 460                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 461                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 462                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 463                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 464                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 465                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 466                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 467                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 468                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 469                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 470                                         if (follow) {
 471                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 472                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 473                                         } else {
 474                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 475                                         }
 476                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 477                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 478                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 479                                 }
 480                                 FindClose(handle);
 481                         }
 482                 }
 483                 return 0;
 484         }
 485         switch (GetLastError()) {
 486         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 487         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 488         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 489         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 490                 errno = EACCES;
 491                 break;
 492         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 493                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 494                 break;
 495         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 496                 errno = ENOMEM;
 497                 break;
 498         default:
 499                 errno = ENOENT;
 500                 break;
 501         }
 502         return -1;
 503 }
 504
 505 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 506  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 507  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 508  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 509  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 510  */
 511 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 512 {
 513         int namelen;
 514         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 515
 516         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 517                 return 0;
 518
 519         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 520          * try again without trailing slashes
 521          */
 522         if (errno != ENOENT)
 523                 return -1;
 524
 525         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 526         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 527                 return -1;
 528         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 529                 --namelen;
 530         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 531                 return -1;
 532
 533         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 534         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 535         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 536 }
 537
 538 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 539 {
 540         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 541 }
 542 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 543 {
 544         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 545 }
 546
 547 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 548 {
 549         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 550         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 551
 552         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 553                 errno = EBADF;
 554                 return -1;
 555         }
 556         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 557         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 558                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 559
 560         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 561                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 562                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 563                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 564                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 565                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 566                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 567                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 568                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 569                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 570                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 571                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 572                 return 0;
 573         }
 574         errno = EBADF;
 575         return -1;
 576 }
 577
 578 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 579 {
 580         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 581         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 582         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 583 }
 584
 585 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 586 {
 587         FILETIME mft, aft;
 588         int fh, rc;
 589         DWORD attrs;
 590         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 591         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 592                 return -1;
 593
 594         /* must have write permission */
 595         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 596         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 597             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 598                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 599                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 600         }
 601
 602         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 603                 rc = -1;
 604                 goto revert_attrs;
 605         }
 606
 607         if (times) {
 608                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 609                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 610         } else {
 611                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 612                 aft = mft;
 613         }
 614         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 615                 errno = EINVAL;
 616                 rc = -1;
 617         } else
 618                 rc = 0;
 619         close(fh);
 620
 621 revert_attrs:
 622         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 623             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 624                 /* ignore errors again */
 625                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 626         }
 627         return rc;
 628 }
 629
 630 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 631 {
 632         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 633         return 0;
 634 }
 635
 636 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 637 {
 638         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 639         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 640                 return NULL;
 641         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 642                 return NULL;
 643         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 644                 return NULL;
 645         return template;
 646 }
 647
 648 int mkstemp(char *template)
 649 {
 650         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 651         if (filename == NULL)
 652                 return -1;
 653         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 654 }
 655
 656 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 657 {
 658         FILETIME ft;
 659         long long hnsec;
 660
 661         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 662         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 663         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 664         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 665         return 0;
 666 }
 667
 668 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 669 {
 670         HANDLE h[2];
 671
 672         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 673         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 674                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 675                 return -1;
 676         }
 677         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 678         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 679                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 680                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 681                 return -1;
 682         }
 683         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 684         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 685                 close(filedes[0]);
 686                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 687                 return -1;
 688         }
 689         return 0;
 690 }
 691
 692 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 693 {
 694         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 695         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 696         return result;
 697 }
 698
 699 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 700 {
 701         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 702         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 703         return result;
 704 }
 705
 706 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 707 {
 708         int i;
 709         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 710         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 711                 return NULL;
 712         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 713                 return NULL;
 714         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 715                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 716                         pointer[i] = '/';
 717         return pointer;
 718 }
 719
 720 /*
 721  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 722  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 723  */
 724 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 725 {
 726         /* count chars to quote */
 727         int len = 0, n = 0;
 728         int force_quotes = 0;
 729         char *q, *d;
 730         const char *p = arg;
 731         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 732         while (*p) {
 733                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 734                         force_quotes = 1;
 735                 else if (*p == '"')
 736                         n++;
 737                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 738                         int count = 0;
 739                         while (*p == '\\') {
 740                                 count++;
 741                                 p++;
 742                                 len++;
 743                         }
 744                         if (*p == '"')
 745                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 746                         continue;
 747                 }
 748                 len++;
 749                 p++;
 750         }
 751         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 752                 return arg;
 753
 754         /* insert \ where necessary */
 755         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 756         *d++ = '"';
 757         while (*arg) {
 758                 if (*arg == '"')
 759                         *d++ = '\\';
 760                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 761                         int count = 0;
 762                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 763                                 count++;
 764                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 765                         }
 766                         if (*arg == '"') {
 767                                 while (count-- > 0)
 768                                         *d++ = '\\';
 769                                 *d++ = '\\';
 770                         }
 771                 }
 772                 *d++ = *arg++;
 773         }
 774         *d++ = '"';
 775         *d++ = 0;
 776         return q;
 777 }
 778
 779 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 780 {
 781         static char buf[100];
 782         char *p, *opt;
 783         int n, fd;
 784
 785         /* don't even try a .exe */
 786         n = strlen(cmd);
 787         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 788                 return NULL;
 789
 790         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 791         if (fd < 0)
 792                 return NULL;
 793         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 794         close(fd);
 795         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 796                 return NULL;
 797
 798         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 799                 return NULL;
 800         buf[n] = '\0';
 801         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 802         if (!*p)
 803                 return NULL;
 804
 805         *p = '\0';
 806         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 807                 return NULL;
 808         /* strip options */
 809         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 810                 *opt = '\0';
 811         return p+1;
 812 }
 813
 814 /*
 815  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 816  */
 817 static char **get_path_split(void)
 818 {
 819         char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
 820         int i, n = 0;
 821
 822         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 823                 return NULL;
 824
 825         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 826         p = envpath;
 827         while (p) {
 828                 char *dir = p;
 829                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 830                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 831                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 832                         ++n;
 833                 }
 834         }
 835         if (!n)
 836                 return NULL;
 837
 838         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 839         p = envpath;
 840         i = 0;
 841         do {
 842                 if (*p)
 843                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 844                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 845         } while (i < n);
 846         path[i] = NULL;
 847
 848         free(envpath);
 849
 850         return path;
 851 }
 852
 853 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 854 {
 855         char **p = path;
 856
 857         if (!path)
 858                 return;
 859
 860         while (*p)
 861                 free(*p++);
 862         free(path);
 863 }
 864
 865 /*
 866  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 867  * (which do not have an extension)
 868  */
 869 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 870 {
 871         char path[MAX_PATH];
 872         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 873
 874         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 875                 return xstrdup(path);
 876         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 877         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 878                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 879                         return xstrdup(path);
 880         return NULL;
 881 }
 882
 883 /*
 884  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 885  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 886  */
 887 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 888 {
 889         char *prog = NULL;
 890         int len = strlen(cmd);
 891         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 892
 893         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 894                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 895
 896         while (!prog && *path)
 897                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 898
 899         return prog;
 900 }
 901
 902 static int compareenv(const void *a, const void *b)
 903 {
 904         char *const *ea = a;
 905         char *const *eb = b;
 906         return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
 907 }
 908
 909 /*
 910  * Create environment block suitable for CreateProcess.
 911  */
 912 static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **env)
 913 {
 914         wchar_t *wenvblk = NULL;
 915         int count = 0;
 916         char **e, **tmpenv;
 917         int size = 0, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
 918
 919         for (e = env; *e; e++)
 920                 count++;
 921
 922         /* environment must be sorted */
 923         tmpenv = xmalloc(sizeof(*tmpenv) * (count + 1));
 924         memcpy(tmpenv, env, sizeof(*tmpenv) * (count + 1));
 925         qsort(tmpenv, count, sizeof(*tmpenv), compareenv);
 926
 927         /* create environment block from temporary environment */
 928         for (e = tmpenv; *e; e++) {
 929                 size = 2 * strlen(*e) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
 930                 ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
 931                 wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], *e, size) + 1;
 932         }
 933         /* add final \0 terminator */
 934         wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
 935         free(tmpenv);
 936         return wenvblk;
 937 }
 938
 939 struct pinfo_t {
 940         struct pinfo_t *next;
 941         pid_t pid;
 942         HANDLE proc;
 943 };
 944 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
 945 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
 946
 947 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 948                               const char *dir,
 949                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 950 {
 951         STARTUPINFOW si;
 952         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 953         struct strbuf args;
 954         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
 955         unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
 956         BOOL ret;
 957
 958         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
 959         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
 960                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
 961                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 962         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 963                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
 964                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
 965                  * would normally create a console window. But
 966                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
 967                  * not need the console.
 968                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
 969                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
 970                  * recognize that it has no console.
 971                  */
 972                 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
 973         } else {
 974                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
 975                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
 976                  * disassociate the child from the console.
 977                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
 978                  * Go figure!
 979                  */
 980                 CloseHandle(cons);
 981         }
 982         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
 983         si.cb = sizeof(si);
 984         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
 985         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
 986         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
 987         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
 988
 989         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
 990                 return -1;
 991         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
 992                 return -1;
 993
 994         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
 995         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
 996         if (prepend_cmd) {
 997                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
 998                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 999                 if (quoted != cmd)
1000                         free(quoted);
1001         }
1002         for (; *argv; argv++) {
1003                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1004                 if (*args.buf)
1005                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1006                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1007                 if (quoted != *argv)
1008                         free(quoted);
1009         }
1010
1011         wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
1012         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1013         strbuf_release(&args);
1014
1015         if (env)
1016                 wenvblk = make_environment_block(env);
1017
1018         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1019         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1020                 wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1021
1022         free(wenvblk);
1023         free(wargs);
1024
1025         if (!ret) {
1026                 errno = ENOENT;
1027                 return -1;
1028         }
1029         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1030
1031         /*
1032          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1033          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1034          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1035          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1036          * handle after the process terminated.
1037          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1038          */
1039         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1040         {
1041                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1042                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1043                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1044                 info->next = pinfo;
1045                 pinfo = info;
1046         }
1047         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1048
1049         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1050 }
1051
1052 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1053 {
1054         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, environ, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1055 }
1056
1057 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
1058                      const char *dir,
1059                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1060 {
1061         pid_t pid;
1062         char **path = get_path_split();
1063         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1064
1065         if (!prog) {
1066                 errno = ENOENT;
1067                 pid = -1;
1068         }
1069         else {
1070                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1071
1072                 if (interpr) {
1073                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1074                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1075                         argv[0] = prog;
1076                         if (!iprog) {
1077                                 errno = ENOENT;
1078                                 pid = -1;
1079                         }
1080                         else {
1081                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, env, dir, 1,
1082                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1083                                 free(iprog);
1084                         }
1085                         argv[0] = argv0;
1086                 }
1087                 else
1088                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, env, dir, 0,
1089                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1090                 free(prog);
1091         }
1092         free_path_split(path);
1093         return pid;
1094 }
1095
1096 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1097 {
1098         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1099         char **path;
1100         char *prog;
1101         int pid = 0;
1102
1103         if (!interpr)
1104                 return 0;
1105         path = get_path_split();
1106         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1107         if (prog) {
1108                 int argc = 0;
1109                 const char **argv2;
1110                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1111                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1112                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1113                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1114                 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1115                 if (pid >= 0) {
1116                         int status;
1117                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1118                                 status = 255;
1119                         exit(status);
1120                 }
1121                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1122                 free(prog);
1123                 free(argv2);
1124         }
1125         free_path_split(path);
1126         return pid;
1127 }
1128
1129 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1130 {
1131         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1132         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1133                 int pid, status;
1134
1135                 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1136                 if (pid < 0)
1137                         return -1;
1138                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1139                         status = 255;
1140                 exit(status);
1141         }
1142         return -1;
1143 }
1144
1145 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1146 {
1147         char **path = get_path_split();
1148         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1149
1150         if (prog) {
1151                 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1152                 free(prog);
1153         } else
1154                 errno = ENOENT;
1155
1156         free_path_split(path);
1157         return -1;
1158 }
1159
1160 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1161 {
1162         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1163                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1164
1165                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1166                         CloseHandle(h);
1167                         return 0;
1168                 }
1169
1170                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1171                 CloseHandle(h);
1172                 return -1;
1173         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1174                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1175                 if (h) {
1176                         CloseHandle(h);
1177                         return 0;
1178                 }
1179         }
1180
1181         errno = EINVAL;
1182         return -1;
1183 }
1184
1185 static char **copy_environ(void)
1186 {
1187         char **env;
1188         int i = 0;
1189         while (environ[i])
1190                 i++;
1191         env = xmalloc((i+1)*sizeof(*env));
1192         for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
1193                 env[i] = xstrdup(environ[i]);
1194         env[i] = NULL;
1195         return env;
1196 }
1197
1198 void free_environ(char **env)
1199 {
1200         int i;
1201         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1202                 free(env[i]);
1203         free(env);
1204 }
1205
1206 static int lookupenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
1207 {
1208         int i;
1209
1210         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++) {
1211                 if (!strncasecmp(env[i], name, nmln) && '=' == env[i][nmln])
1212                         /* matches */
1213                         return i;
1214         }
1215         return -1;
1216 }
1217
1218 /*
1219  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1220  */
1221 static char **do_putenv(char **env, const char *name)
1222 {
1223         char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
1224         int i = lookupenv(env, name, eq-name);
1225
1226         if (i < 0) {
1227                 if (*eq) {
1228                         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1229                                 ;
1230                         env = xrealloc(env, (i+2)*sizeof(*env));
1231                         env[i] = (char*) name;
1232                         env[i+1] = NULL;
1233                 }
1234         }
1235         else {
1236                 free(env[i]);
1237                 if (*eq)
1238                         env[i] = (char*) name;
1239                 else
1240                         for (; env[i]; i++)
1241                                 env[i] = env[i+1];
1242         }
1243         return env;
1244 }
1245
1246 /*
1247  * Copies global environ and adjusts variables as specified by vars.
1248  */
1249 char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars)
1250 {
1251         char **env = copy_environ();
1252
1253         while (*vars) {
1254                 const char *v = *vars++;
1255                 env = do_putenv(env, strchr(v, '=') ? xstrdup(v) : v);
1256         }
1257         return env;
1258 }
1259
1260 #undef getenv
1261 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1262 {
1263         char *result = getenv(name);
1264         if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
1265                 /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
1266                 result = getenv("TMP");
1267                 if (!result)
1268                         result = getenv("TEMP");
1269         }
1270         return result;
1271 }
1272
1273 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1274 {
1275         environ = do_putenv(environ, namevalue);
1276         return 0;
1277 }
1278
1279 /*
1280  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1281  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1282  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1283  * if one was found.
1284  */
1285 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1286                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1287                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1288 {
1289         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1290         struct addrinfo *ai;
1291         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1292
1293         if (node) {
1294                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1295                 if (!h)
1296                         return WSAGetLastError();
1297         }
1298
1299         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1300         *res = ai;
1301         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1302         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1303         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1304         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1305         case SOCK_STREAM:
1306                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1307                 break;
1308         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1309                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1310                 break;
1311         default:
1312                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1313                 break;
1314         }
1315         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1316         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1317                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1318         else
1319                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1320
1321         sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1322         memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1323         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1324         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1325          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1326          * currently not implemented */
1327         if (service)
1328                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1329         if (h)
1330                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1331         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1332                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1333         else
1334                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1335         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1336         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1337         return 0;
1338 }
1339
1340 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1341 {
1342         free(res->ai_canonname);
1343         free(res->ai_addr);
1344         free(res);
1345 }
1346
1347 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1348                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1349                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1350 {
1351         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1352         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1353                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1354         if (!host && !serv)
1355                 return EAI_NONAME;
1356
1357         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1358                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1359                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1360                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1361                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1362
1363                 if (ent)
1364                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1365                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1366                         return EAI_NONAME;
1367                 else
1368                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1369         }
1370
1371         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1372                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1373                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1374                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1375                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1376
1377                 if (ent)
1378                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1379                 else
1380                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1381         }
1382
1383         return 0;
1384 }
1385
1386 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1387 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1388 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1389                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1390                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1391 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1392                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1393                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1394 /*
1395  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1396  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1397  */
1398
1399 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1400 {
1401         WSACleanup();
1402         if (ipv6_dll)
1403                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1404         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1405         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1406         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1407         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1408 }
1409
1410 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1411 {
1412         WSADATA wsa;
1413         static int initialized = 0;
1414         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1415         const char **name;
1416
1417         if (initialized)
1418                 return;
1419
1420         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1421                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1422                         WSAGetLastError());
1423
1424         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1425                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1426                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1427                         continue;
1428
1429                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1430                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1431                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1432                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1433                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1434                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1435                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1436                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1437                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1438                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1439                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1440                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1441                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1442                 } else
1443                         break;
1444         }
1445         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1446                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1447                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1448                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1449         }
1450
1451         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1452         initialized = 1;
1453 }
1454
1455 #undef gethostname
1456 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1457 {
1458     ensure_socket_initialization();
1459     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1460 }
1461
1462 #undef gethostbyname
1463 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1464 {
1465         ensure_socket_initialization();
1466         return gethostbyname(host);
1467 }
1468
1469 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1470 {
1471         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1472 }
1473
1474 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1475                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1476 {
1477         ensure_socket_initialization();
1478         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1479 }
1480
1481 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1482                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1483                       int flags)
1484 {
1485         ensure_socket_initialization();
1486         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1487 }
1488
1489 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1490 {
1491         int sockfd;
1492         SOCKET s;
1493
1494         ensure_socket_initialization();
1495         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1496         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1497                 /*
1498                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1499                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1500                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1501                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1502                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1503                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1504                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1505                  */
1506                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1507                 return -1;
1508         }
1509         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1510         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1511                 closesocket(s);
1512                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1513                         strerror(errno));
1514         }
1515         return sockfd;
1516 }
1517
1518 #undef connect
1519 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1520 {
1521         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1522         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1523 }
1524
1525 #undef bind
1526 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1527 {
1528         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1529         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1530 }
1531
1532 #undef setsockopt
1533 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1534 {
1535         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1536         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1537 }
1538
1539 #undef shutdown
1540 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1541 {
1542         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1543         return shutdown(s, how);
1544 }
1545
1546 #undef listen
1547 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1548 {
1549         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1550         return listen(s, backlog);
1551 }
1552
1553 #undef accept
1554 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1555 {
1556         int sockfd2;
1557
1558         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1559         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1560
1561         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1562         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1563                 int err = errno;
1564                 closesocket(s2);
1565                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1566                         strerror(err));
1567         }
1568         return sockfd2;
1569 }
1570
1571 #undef rename
1572 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1573 {
1574         DWORD attrs, gle;
1575         int tries = 0;
1576         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1577         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1578                 return -1;
1579
1580         /*
1581          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1582          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1583          */
1584         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1585                 return 0;
1586         if (errno != EEXIST)
1587                 return -1;
1588 repeat:
1589         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1590                 return 0;
1591         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1592         gle = GetLastError();
1593         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1594             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1595                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1596                         errno = EISDIR;
1597                         return -1;
1598                 }
1599                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1600                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1601                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1602                                 return 0;
1603                         gle = GetLastError();
1604                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1605                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1606                 }
1607         }
1608         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1609                 /*
1610                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1611                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1612                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1613                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1614                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1615                  */
1616                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1617                 tries++;
1618                 goto repeat;
1619         }
1620         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1621                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1622                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1623                 goto repeat;
1624
1625         errno = EACCES;
1626         return -1;
1627 }
1628
1629 /*
1630  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1631  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1632  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1633  */
1634 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1635 {
1636         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1637         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1638         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1639 }
1640
1641 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1642 {
1643         static char user_name[100];
1644         static struct passwd p;
1645
1646         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1647         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1648                 return NULL;
1649         p.pw_name = user_name;
1650         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1651         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1652         return &p;
1653 }
1654
1655 static HANDLE timer_event;
1656 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1657 static int timer_interval;
1658 static int one_shot;
1659 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1660
1661 /* The timer works like this:
1662  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1663  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1664  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1665  * state.
1666  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1667  * length to call the signal handler.
1668  */
1669
1670 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1671 {
1672         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1673                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1674                 if (one_shot)
1675                         break;
1676         }
1677         return 0;
1678 }
1679
1680 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1681 {
1682         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1683         if (timer_event) {
1684                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1685                 if (!timer_thread )
1686                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1687                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1688         } else
1689                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1690                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1691         return 0;
1692 }
1693
1694 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1695 {
1696         if (timer_event)
1697                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1698         if (timer_thread) {
1699                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1700                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1701                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1702                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1703                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1704                               GetLastError());
1705                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1706         }
1707         if (timer_event)
1708                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1709         timer_event = NULL;
1710         timer_thread = NULL;
1711 }
1712
1713 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1714 {
1715         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1716 }
1717
1718 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1719 {
1720         static const struct timeval zero;
1721         static int atexit_done;
1722
1723         if (out != NULL)
1724                 return errno = EINVAL,
1725                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1726         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1727             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1728                 return errno = EINVAL,
1729                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1730
1731         if (timer_thread)
1732                 stop_timer_thread();
1733
1734         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1735             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1736                 return 0;
1737
1738         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1739         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1740         if (!atexit_done) {
1741                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1742                 atexit_done = 1;
1743         }
1744         return start_timer_thread();
1745 }
1746
1747 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1748 {
1749         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1750                 return errno = EINVAL,
1751                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1752         if (out != NULL)
1753                 return errno = EINVAL,
1754                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1755
1756         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1757         return 0;
1758 }
1759
1760 #undef signal
1761 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1762 {
1763         sig_handler_t old;
1764
1765         switch (sig) {
1766         case SIGALRM:
1767                 old = timer_fn;
1768                 timer_fn = handler;
1769                 break;
1770
1771         case SIGINT:
1772                 old = sigint_fn;
1773                 sigint_fn = handler;
1774                 break;
1775
1776         default:
1777                 return signal(sig, handler);
1778         }
1779
1780         return old;
1781 }
1782
1783 #undef raise
1784 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1785 {
1786         switch (sig) {
1787         case SIGALRM:
1788                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1789                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1790                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1791                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1792                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1793                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1794                 return 0;
1795
1796         case SIGINT:
1797                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1798                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1799                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1800                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1801                 return 0;
1802
1803         default:
1804                 return raise(sig);
1805         }
1806 }
1807
1808
1809 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1810 {
1811         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1812         char *c;
1813
1814         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1815                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1816
1817         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1818                 if (*c == '/')
1819                         *c = '\\';
1820         }
1821         return buf;
1822 }
1823
1824 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1825 {
1826         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1827         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1828                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1829         T ShellExecute;
1830         HMODULE shell32;
1831         int r;
1832
1833         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1834         if (!shell32)
1835                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1836         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1837         if (!ShellExecute)
1838                 die("cannot run browser");
1839
1840         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1841         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1842         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1843         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1844         if (r <= 32) {
1845                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1846         }
1847 }
1848
1849 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1850 {
1851         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1852         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1853         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1854         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1855                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1856                 return -1;
1857
1858         if (!create_hard_link) {
1859                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1860                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1861                 if (!create_hard_link)
1862                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1863         }
1864         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1865                 errno = ENOSYS;
1866                 return -1;
1867         }
1868         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1869                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1870                 return -1;
1871         }
1872         return 0;
1873 }
1874
1875 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1876 {
1877         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1878             FALSE, pid);
1879         if (!h) {
1880                 errno = ECHILD;
1881                 return -1;
1882         }
1883
1884         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1885                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1886                         CloseHandle(h);
1887                         return 0;
1888                 }
1889                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1890         }
1891
1892         if (options == 0) {
1893                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1894                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1895                         CloseHandle(h);
1896                         return 0;
1897                 }
1898
1899                 if (status)
1900                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1901
1902                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1903
1904                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1905                 while (*ppinfo) {
1906                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1907                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1908                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1909                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1910                                 free(info);
1911                                 break;
1912                         }
1913                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1914                 }
1915
1916                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1917
1918                 CloseHandle(h);
1919                 return pid;
1920         }
1921         CloseHandle(h);
1922
1923         errno = EINVAL;
1924         return -1;
1925 }
1926
1927 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
1928 {
1929         int offset = 0;
1930         if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
1931                 offset = 2;
1932
1933         /* unc paths */
1934         else if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
1935
1936                 /* skip server name */
1937                 char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
1938                 if (!pos)
1939                         return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
1940
1941                 do {
1942                         pos++;
1943                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
1944
1945                 offset = pos - path;
1946         }
1947
1948         return offset + is_dir_sep(path[offset]);
1949 }
1950
1951 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
1952 {
1953         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
1954         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
1955         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
1956                 errno = EINVAL;
1957                 return -1;
1958         }
1959         /* reserve space for \0 */
1960         wcslen--;
1961         if (utflen < 0)
1962                 utflen = INT_MAX;
1963
1964         while (upos < utflen) {
1965                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
1966                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
1967                         break;
1968
1969                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
1970                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
1971                         errno = ERANGE;
1972                         return -1;
1973                 }
1974
1975                 if (c < 0x80) {
1976                         /* ASCII */
1977                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1978                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
1979                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1980                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
1981                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
1982                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1983                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1984                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
1985                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
1986                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1987                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1988                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
1989                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
1990                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
1991                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1992                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1993                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
1994                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
1995                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
1996                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
1997                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1998                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1999                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2000                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2001                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2002                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2003                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2004                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2005                         c -= 0x10000;
2006                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2007                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2008                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2009                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2010                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2011                 } else {
2012                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2013                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2014                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2015                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2016                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2017                 }
2018         }
2019         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2020         return wpos;
2021 }
2022
2023 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2024 {
2025         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2026                 errno = EINVAL;
2027                 return -1;
2028         }
2029         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2030         if (utflen)
2031                 return utflen - 1;
2032         errno = ERANGE;
2033         return -1;
2034 }
2035
2036 /*
2037  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2038  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2039  */
2040 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2041
2042 typedef struct {
2043         int newmode;
2044 } _startupinfo;
2045
2046 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2047                 _startupinfo *si);
2048
2049 static NORETURN void die_startup()
2050 {
2051         fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2052         exit(128);
2053 }
2054
2055 void mingw_startup()
2056 {
2057         int i, len, maxlen, argc;
2058         char *buffer;
2059         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2060         _startupinfo si;
2061
2062         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2063         si.newmode = 0;
2064         if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2065                 die_startup();
2066
2067         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2068         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2069         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2070                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2071         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2072                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2073
2074         /* nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment list */
2075         environ = xcalloc(i + 1, sizeof(char*));
2076
2077         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2078         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2079         buffer = xmalloc(maxlen);
2080
2081         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2082         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2083         __argv[0] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2084         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
2085                 len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2086                 __argv[i] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2087         }
2088         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++) {
2089                 len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2090                 environ[i] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2091         }
2092         free(buffer);
2093
2094         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2095         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2096
2097         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2098         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2099         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2100         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2101         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2102
2103         /* initialize Unicode console */
2104         winansi_init();
2105 }