4 The config API gives callers a way to access Git configuration files
5 (and files which have the same syntax). See linkgit:git-config[1] for a
6 discussion of the config file syntax.
11 Config files are parsed linearly, and each variable found is passed to a
12 caller-provided callback function. The callback function is responsible
13 for any actions to be taken on the config option, and is free to ignore
14 some options. It is not uncommon for the configuration to be parsed
15 several times during the run of a Git program, with different callbacks
16 picking out different variables useful to themselves.
18 A config callback function takes three parameters:
20 - the name of the parsed variable. This is in canonical "flat" form: the
21 section, subsection, and variable segments will be separated by dots,
22 and the section and variable segments will be all lowercase. E.g.,
23 `core.ignorecase`, `diff.SomeType.textconv`.
25 - the value of the found variable, as a string. If the variable had no
26 value specified, the value will be NULL (typically this means it
27 should be interpreted as boolean true).
29 - a void pointer passed in by the caller of the config API; this can
30 contain callback-specific data
32 A config callback should return 0 for success, or -1 if the variable
33 could not be parsed properly.
38 Most programs will simply want to look up variables in all config files
39 that Git knows about, using the normal precedence rules. To do this,
40 call `git_config` with a callback function and void data pointer.
42 `git_config` will read all config sources in order of increasing
43 priority. Thus a callback should typically overwrite previously-seen
44 entries with new ones (e.g., if both the user-wide `~/.gitconfig` and
45 repo-specific `.git/config` contain `color.ui`, the config machinery
46 will first feed the user-wide one to the callback, and then the
47 repo-specific one; by overwriting, the higher-priority repo-specific
48 value is left at the end).
50 The `git_config_with_options` function lets the caller examine config
51 while adjusting some of the default behavior of `git_config`. It should
52 almost never be used by "regular" Git code that is looking up
53 configuration variables. It is intended for advanced callers like
54 `git-config`, which are intentionally tweaking the normal config-lookup
55 process. It takes two extra parameters:
58 If this parameter is non-NULL, it specifies the name of a file to
59 parse for configuration, rather than looking in the usual files. Regular
60 `git_config` defaults to `NULL`.
63 Specify whether include directives should be followed in parsed files.
64 Regular `git_config` defaults to `1`.
66 There is a special version of `git_config` called `git_config_early`.
67 This version takes an additional parameter to specify the repository
68 config, instead of having it looked up via `git_path`. This is useful
69 early in a Git program before the repository has been found. Unless
70 you're working with early setup code, you probably don't want to use
73 Reading Specific Files
74 ----------------------
76 To read a specific file in git-config format, use
77 `git_config_from_file`. This takes the same callback and data parameters
80 Querying For Specific Variables
81 -------------------------------
83 For programs wanting to query for specific variables in a non-callback
84 manner, the config API provides two functions `git_config_get_value`
85 and `git_config_get_value_multi`. They both read values from an internal
86 cache generated previously from reading the config files.
88 `int git_config_get_value(const char *key, const char **value)`::
90 Finds the highest-priority value for the configuration variable `key`,
91 stores the pointer to it in `value` and returns 0. When the
92 configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without touching
93 `value`. The caller should not free or modify `value`, as it is owned
96 `const struct string_list *git_config_get_value_multi(const char *key)`::
98 Finds and returns the value list, sorted in order of increasing priority
99 for the configuration variable `key`. When the configuration variable
100 `key` is not found, returns NULL. The caller should not free or modify
101 the returned pointer, as it is owned by the cache.
103 `void git_config_clear(void)`::
105 Resets and invalidates the config cache.
107 The config API also provides type specific API functions which do conversion
108 as well as retrieval for the queried variable, including:
110 `int git_config_get_int(const char *key, int *dest)`::
112 Finds and parses the value to an integer for the configuration variable
113 `key`. Dies on error; otherwise, stores the value of the parsed integer in
114 `dest` and returns 0. When the configuration variable `key` is not found,
115 returns 1 without touching `dest`.
117 `int git_config_get_ulong(const char *key, unsigned long *dest)`::
119 Similar to `git_config_get_int` but for unsigned longs.
121 `int git_config_get_bool(const char *key, int *dest)`::
123 Finds and parses the value into a boolean value, for the configuration
124 variable `key` respecting keywords like "true" and "false". Integer
125 values are converted into true/false values (when they are non-zero or
126 zero, respectively). Other values cause a die(). If parsing is successful,
127 stores the value of the parsed result in `dest` and returns 0. When the
128 configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without touching
131 `int git_config_get_bool_or_int(const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest)`::
133 Similar to `git_config_get_bool`, except that integers are copied as-is,
134 and `is_bool` flag is unset.
136 `int git_config_get_maybe_bool(const char *key, int *dest)`::
138 Similar to `git_config_get_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error
141 `int git_config_get_string_const(const char *key, const char **dest)`::
143 Allocates and copies the retrieved string into the `dest` parameter for
144 the configuration variable `key`; if NULL string is given, prints an
145 error message and returns -1. When the configuration variable `key` is
146 not found, returns 1 without touching `dest`.
148 `int git_config_get_string(const char *key, char **dest)`::
150 Similar to `git_config_get_string_const`, except that retrieved value
151 copied into the `dest` parameter is a mutable string.
153 `int git_config_get_pathname(const char *key, const char **dest)`::
155 Similar to `git_config_get_string`, but expands `~` or `~user` into
156 the user's home directory when found at the beginning of the path.
158 `git_die_config(const char *key, const char *err, ...)`::
160 First prints the error message specified by the caller in `err` and then
161 dies printing the line number and the file name of the highest priority
162 value for the configuration variable `key`.
164 `void git_die_config_linenr(const char *key, const char *filename, int linenr)`::
166 Helper function which formats the die error message according to the
167 parameters entered. Used by `git_die_config()`. It can be used by callers
168 handling `git_config_get_value_multi()` to print the correct error message
169 for the desired value.
171 See test-config.c for usage examples.
173 Value Parsing Helpers
174 ---------------------
176 To aid in parsing string values, the config API provides callbacks with
177 a number of helper functions, including:
180 Parse the string to an integer, including unit factors. Dies on error;
181 otherwise, returns the parsed result.
184 Identical to `git_config_int`, but for unsigned longs.
187 Parse a string into a boolean value, respecting keywords like "true" and
188 "false". Integer values are converted into true/false values (when they
189 are non-zero or zero, respectively). Other values cause a die(). If
190 parsing is successful, the return value is the result.
192 `git_config_bool_or_int`::
193 Same as `git_config_bool`, except that integers are returned as-is, and
194 an `is_bool` flag is unset.
196 `git_config_maybe_bool`::
197 Same as `git_config_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error rather
200 `git_config_string`::
201 Allocates and copies the value string into the `dest` parameter; if no
202 string is given, prints an error message and returns -1.
204 `git_config_pathname`::
205 Similar to `git_config_string`, but expands `~` or `~user` into the
206 user's home directory when found at the beginning of the path.
211 By default, the config parser does not respect include directives.
212 However, a caller can use the special `git_config_include` wrapper
213 callback to support them. To do so, you simply wrap your "real" callback
214 function and data pointer in a `struct config_include_data`, and pass
215 the wrapper to the regular config-reading functions. For example:
217 -------------------------------------------
218 int read_file_with_include(const char *file, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
220 struct config_include_data inc = CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT;
223 return git_config_from_file(git_config_include, file, &inc);
225 -------------------------------------------
227 `git_config` respects includes automatically. The lower-level
228 `git_config_from_file` does not.
233 A `config_set` can be used to construct an in-memory cache for
234 config-like files that the caller specifies (i.e., files like `.gitmodules`,
235 `~/.gitconfig` etc.). For example,
237 ---------------------------------------
238 struct config_set gm_config;
239 git_configset_init(&gm_config);
241 /* we add config files to the config_set */
242 git_configset_add_file(&gm_config, ".gitmodules");
243 git_configset_add_file(&gm_config, ".gitmodules_alt");
245 if (!git_configset_get_bool(gm_config, "submodule.frotz.ignore", &b)) {
249 /* when we are done with the configset */
250 git_configset_clear(&gm_config);
251 ----------------------------------------
253 Configset API provides functions for the above mentioned work flow, including:
255 `void git_configset_init(struct config_set *cs)`::
257 Initializes the config_set `cs`.
259 `int git_configset_add_file(struct config_set *cs, const char *filename)`::
261 Parses the file and adds the variable-value pairs to the `config_set`,
262 dies if there is an error in parsing the file. Returns 0 on success, or
263 -1 if the file does not exist or is inaccessible. The user has to decide
264 if he wants to free the incomplete configset or continue using it when
265 the function returns -1.
267 `int git_configset_get_value(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **value)`::
269 Finds the highest-priority value for the configuration variable `key`
270 and config set `cs`, stores the pointer to it in `value` and returns 0.
271 When the configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without
272 touching `value`. The caller should not free or modify `value`, as it
273 is owned by the cache.
275 `const struct string_list *git_configset_get_value_multi(struct config_set *cs, const char *key)`::
277 Finds and returns the value list, sorted in order of increasing priority
278 for the configuration variable `key` and config set `cs`. When the
279 configuration variable `key` is not found, returns NULL. The caller
280 should not free or modify the returned pointer, as it is owned by the cache.
282 `void git_configset_clear(struct config_set *cs)`::
284 Clears `config_set` structure, removes all saved variable-value pairs.
286 In addition to above functions, the `config_set` API provides type specific
287 functions in the vein of `git_config_get_int` and family but with an extra
288 parameter, pointer to struct `config_set`.
289 They all behave similarly to the `git_config_get*()` family described in
290 "Querying For Specific Variables" above.
295 Git gives multiple entry points in the Config API to write config values to
296 files namely `git_config_set_in_file` and `git_config_set`, which write to
297 a specific config file or to `.git/config` respectively. They both take a
298 key/value pair as parameter.
299 In the end they both call `git_config_set_multivar_in_file` which takes four
302 - the name of the file, as a string, to which key/value pairs will be written.
304 - the name of key, as a string. This is in canonical "flat" form: the section,
305 subsection, and variable segments will be separated by dots, and the section
306 and variable segments will be all lowercase.
307 E.g., `core.ignorecase`, `diff.SomeType.textconv`.
309 - the value of the variable, as a string. If value is equal to NULL, it will
310 remove the matching key from the config file.
312 - the value regex, as a string. It will disregard key/value pairs where value
315 - a multi_replace value, as an int. If value is equal to zero, nothing or only
316 one matching key/value is replaced, else all matching key/values (regardless
317 how many) are removed, before the new pair is written.
319 It returns 0 on success.
321 Also, there are functions `git_config_rename_section` and
322 `git_config_rename_section_in_file` with parameters `old_name` and `new_name`
323 for renaming or removing sections in the config files. If NULL is passed
324 through `new_name` parameter, the section will be removed from the config file.