compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7 #include "../cache.h"
   8
   9 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  10 unsigned int _CRT_fmode = _O_BINARY;
  11
  12 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  13 {
  14         int error = ENOSYS;
  15         switch(winerr) {
  16         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  17         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  19         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  20         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  21         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  31         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  32         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  33         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  35         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  36         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  42         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  43         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  44         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  45         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  46         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  47         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  48         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  49         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  50         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  51         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  55         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  56         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  57         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  58         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  76         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  77         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  78         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  79         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  81         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  82         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  83         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  84         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  85         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  86         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  87         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  88         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  90         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  94         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  95         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  97         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  98         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  99         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
 100         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 101         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 106         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 107         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 108         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 109         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 110         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 111         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 112         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 113         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 114         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 115         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 116         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 117         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 118         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 119         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 120         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 121         }
 122         return error;
 123 }
 124
 125 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 126 {
 127         switch (errcode) {
 128         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 129         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 130                 return 1;
 131         }
 132
 133         return 0;
 134 }
 135
 136 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 137 {
 138         char answer[1024];
 139
 140         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 141                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 142                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 143
 144                 /* remove the newline */
 145                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 146                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 147                         got_full_line = 1;
 148                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 149                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 150                         got_full_line = 1;
 151                 }
 152                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 153                 if (!got_full_line)
 154                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 155                                 ;
 156         } else
 157                 /* we could not read, return the
 158                  * default answer which is no */
 159                 return 0;
 160
 161         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 162                 return 1;
 163         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 164                 return 1;
 165         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 166                 return 0;
 167         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 168                 return 0;
 169
 170         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 171         return -1;
 172 }
 173
 174 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 175 {
 176         char question[4096];
 177         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 178         va_list args;
 179
 180         va_start(args, format);
 181         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 182         va_end(args);
 183
 184         if ((retry_hook[0] = getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 185                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 186                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 187         }
 188
 189         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 190                 return 0;
 191
 192         while (1) {
 193                 int answer;
 194                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 195
 196                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 197                         return answer;
 198
 199                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 200                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 201         }
 202 }
 203
 204 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 205 {
 206         int ret, tries = 0;
 207         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 208         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 209                 return -1;
 210
 211         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 212         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 213         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 214                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 215                         break;
 216                 /*
 217                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 218                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 219                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 220                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 221                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 222                  */
 223                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 224                 tries++;
 225         }
 226         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 227                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 228                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 229                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 230         return ret;
 231 }
 232
 233 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 234 {
 235         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 236         HANDLE handle;
 237         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 238         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 239         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 240         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 241         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 242                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 243
 244         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 245                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 246                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 247                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 248                         FindClose(handle);
 249                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 250                 }
 251         FindClose(handle);
 252         return 0;
 253 }
 254
 255 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 256 {
 257         int ret, tries = 0;
 258         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 259         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 260                 return -1;
 261
 262         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 263                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 264                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 265                 if (errno != EACCES)
 266                         break;
 267                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 268                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 269                         break;
 270                 }
 271                 /*
 272                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 273                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 274                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 275                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 276                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 277                  */
 278                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 279                 tries++;
 280         }
 281         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 282                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 283                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 284                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 285         return ret;
 286 }
 287
 288 static int make_hidden(const wchar_t *path)
 289 {
 290         DWORD attribs = GetFileAttributesW(path);
 291         if (SetFileAttributesW(path, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN | attribs))
 292                 return 0;
 293         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 294         return -1;
 295 }
 296
 297 void mingw_mark_as_git_dir(const char *dir)
 298 {
 299         wchar_t wdir[MAX_PATH];
 300         if (hide_dotfiles != HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE && !is_bare_repository())
 301                 if (xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0 || make_hidden(wdir))
 302                         warning("Failed to make '%s' hidden", dir);
 303 }
 304
 305 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 306 {
 307         int ret;
 308         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 309         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 310                 return -1;
 311         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 312         if (!ret && hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 313                 /*
 314                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 315                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 316                  * such a directory is created.
 317                  */
 318                 const char *start = basename((char*)path);
 319                 if (*start == '.')
 320                         return make_hidden(wpath);
 321         }
 322         return ret;
 323 }
 324
 325 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 326 {
 327         va_list args;
 328         unsigned mode;
 329         int fd;
 330         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 331
 332         va_start(args, oflags);
 333         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 334         va_end(args);
 335
 336         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 337                 filename = "nul";
 338
 339         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 340                 return -1;
 341         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 342
 343         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 344                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 345                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 346                         errno = EISDIR;
 347         }
 348         if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && fd >= 0 &&
 349             hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 350                 /*
 351                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 352                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 353                  * such a file is created.
 354                  */
 355                 const char *start = basename((char*)filename);
 356                 if (*start == '.' && make_hidden(wfilename))
 357                         warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 358         }
 359         return fd;
 360 }
 361
 362 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 363 {
 364         return TRUE;
 365 }
 366
 367 #undef fgetc
 368 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 369 {
 370         int ch;
 371         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 372                 return fgetc(stream);
 373
 374         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 375         while (1) {
 376                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 377                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 378                         break;
 379
 380                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 381                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 382         }
 383         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 384         return ch;
 385 }
 386
 387 #undef fopen
 388 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 389 {
 390         int hide = 0;
 391         FILE *file;
 392         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 393         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 394             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 395                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 396         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 397                 filename = "nul";
 398         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 399                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 400                 return NULL;
 401         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 402         if (file && hide && make_hidden(wfilename))
 403                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 404         return file;
 405 }
 406
 407 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 408 {
 409         int hide = 0;
 410         FILE *file;
 411         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 412         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 413             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 414                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 415         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 416                 filename = "nul";
 417         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 418                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 419                 return NULL;
 420         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 421         if (file && hide && make_hidden(wfilename))
 422                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 423         return file;
 424 }
 425
 426 #undef fflush
 427 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 428 {
 429         int ret = fflush(stream);
 430
 431         /*
 432          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 433          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 434          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 435          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 436          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 437          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 438          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 439          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 440          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 441          */
 442         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 443                 errno = EPIPE;
 444
 445         return ret;
 446 }
 447
 448 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 449 {
 450         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 451         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 452                 return -1;
 453         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 454         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 455 }
 456
 457 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 458 {
 459         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 460         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 461                 return -1;
 462         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 463 }
 464
 465 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 466 {
 467         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 468         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 469                 return -1;
 470         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 471 }
 472
 473 /*
 474  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 475  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 476  */
 477 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 478 {
 479         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 480         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 481         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 482 }
 483
 484 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 485 {
 486         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 487 }
 488
 489 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 490  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 491  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 492  *
 493  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 494  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 495  */
 496 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 497 {
 498         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 499         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 500         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 501                 return -1;
 502
 503         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 504                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 505                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 506                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 507                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 508                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 509                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 510                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 511                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 512                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 513                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 514                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 515                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 516                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 517                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 518                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 519                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 520                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 521                                         if (follow) {
 522                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 523                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 524                                         } else {
 525                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 526                                         }
 527                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 528                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 529                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 530                                 }
 531                                 FindClose(handle);
 532                         }
 533                 }
 534                 return 0;
 535         }
 536         switch (GetLastError()) {
 537         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 538         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 539         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 540         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 541                 errno = EACCES;
 542                 break;
 543         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 544                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 545                 break;
 546         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 547                 errno = ENOMEM;
 548                 break;
 549         default:
 550                 errno = ENOENT;
 551                 break;
 552         }
 553         return -1;
 554 }
 555
 556 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 557  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 558  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 559  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 560  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 561  */
 562 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 563 {
 564         int namelen;
 565         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 566
 567         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 568                 return 0;
 569
 570         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 571          * try again without trailing slashes
 572          */
 573         if (errno != ENOENT)
 574                 return -1;
 575
 576         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 577         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 578                 return -1;
 579         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 580                 --namelen;
 581         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 582                 return -1;
 583
 584         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 585         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 586         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 587 }
 588
 589 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 590 {
 591         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 592 }
 593 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 594 {
 595         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 596 }
 597
 598 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 599 {
 600         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 601         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 602
 603         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 604                 errno = EBADF;
 605                 return -1;
 606         }
 607         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 608         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 609                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 610
 611         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 612                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 613                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 614                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 615                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 616                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 617                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 618                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 619                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 620                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 621                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 622                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 623                 return 0;
 624         }
 625         errno = EBADF;
 626         return -1;
 627 }
 628
 629 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 630 {
 631         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 632         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 633         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 634 }
 635
 636 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 637 {
 638         FILETIME mft, aft;
 639         int fh, rc;
 640         DWORD attrs;
 641         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 642         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 643                 return -1;
 644
 645         /* must have write permission */
 646         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 647         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 648             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 649                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 650                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 651         }
 652
 653         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 654                 rc = -1;
 655                 goto revert_attrs;
 656         }
 657
 658         if (times) {
 659                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 660                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 661         } else {
 662                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 663                 aft = mft;
 664         }
 665         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 666                 errno = EINVAL;
 667                 rc = -1;
 668         } else
 669                 rc = 0;
 670         close(fh);
 671
 672 revert_attrs:
 673         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 674             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 675                 /* ignore errors again */
 676                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 677         }
 678         return rc;
 679 }
 680
 681 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 682 {
 683         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 684         return 0;
 685 }
 686
 687 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 688 {
 689         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 690         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 691                 return NULL;
 692         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 693                 return NULL;
 694         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 695                 return NULL;
 696         return template;
 697 }
 698
 699 int mkstemp(char *template)
 700 {
 701         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 702         if (filename == NULL)
 703                 return -1;
 704         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 705 }
 706
 707 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 708 {
 709         FILETIME ft;
 710         long long hnsec;
 711
 712         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 713         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 714         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 715         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 716         return 0;
 717 }
 718
 719 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 720 {
 721         HANDLE h[2];
 722
 723         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 724         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 725                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 726                 return -1;
 727         }
 728         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 729         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 730                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 731                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 732                 return -1;
 733         }
 734         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 735         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 736                 close(filedes[0]);
 737                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 738                 return -1;
 739         }
 740         return 0;
 741 }
 742
 743 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 744 {
 745         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 746         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 747         return result;
 748 }
 749
 750 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 751 {
 752         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 753         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 754         return result;
 755 }
 756
 757 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 758 {
 759         int i;
 760         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 761         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 762                 return NULL;
 763         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 764                 return NULL;
 765         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 766                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 767                         pointer[i] = '/';
 768         return pointer;
 769 }
 770
 771 /*
 772  * Compare environment entries by key (i.e. stopping at '=' or '\0').
 773  */
 774 static int compareenv(const void *v1, const void *v2)
 775 {
 776         const char *e1 = *(const char**)v1;
 777         const char *e2 = *(const char**)v2;
 778
 779         for (;;) {
 780                 int c1 = *e1++;
 781                 int c2 = *e2++;
 782                 c1 = (c1 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c1);
 783                 c2 = (c2 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c2);
 784                 if (c1 > c2)
 785                         return 1;
 786                 if (c1 < c2)
 787                         return -1;
 788                 if (c1 == 0)
 789                         return 0;
 790         }
 791 }
 792
 793 static int bsearchenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t size)
 794 {
 795         unsigned low = 0, high = size;
 796         while (low < high) {
 797                 unsigned mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);
 798                 int cmp = compareenv(&env[mid], &name);
 799                 if (cmp < 0)
 800                         low = mid + 1;
 801                 else if (cmp > 0)
 802                         high = mid;
 803                 else
 804                         return mid;
 805         }
 806         return ~low; /* not found, return 1's complement of insert position */
 807 }
 808
 809 /*
 810  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
 811  * Size includes the terminating NULL. Env must have room for size + 1 entries
 812  * (in case of insert). Returns the new size. Optionally frees removed entries.
 813  */
 814 static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old)
 815 {
 816         int i = bsearchenv(env, name, size - 1);
 817
 818         /* optionally free removed / replaced entry */
 819         if (i >= 0 && free_old)
 820                 free(env[i]);
 821
 822         if (strchr(name, '=')) {
 823                 /* if new value ('key=value') is specified, insert or replace entry */
 824                 if (i < 0) {
 825                         i = ~i;
 826                         memmove(&env[i + 1], &env[i], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
 827                         size++;
 828                 }
 829                 env[i] = (char*) name;
 830         } else if (i >= 0) {
 831                 /* otherwise ('key') remove existing entry */
 832                 size--;
 833                 memmove(&env[i], &env[i + 1], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
 834         }
 835         return size;
 836 }
 837
 838 /* used number of elements of environ array, including terminating NULL */
 839 static int environ_size = 0;
 840 /* allocated size of environ array, in bytes */
 841 static int environ_alloc = 0;
 842
 843 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
 844 {
 845         char *value;
 846         int pos = bsearchenv(environ, name, environ_size - 1);
 847         if (pos < 0)
 848                 return NULL;
 849         value = strchr(environ[pos], '=');
 850         return value ? &value[1] : NULL;
 851 }
 852
 853 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
 854 {
 855         ALLOC_GROW(environ, (environ_size + 1) * sizeof(char*), environ_alloc);
 856         environ_size = do_putenv(environ, namevalue, environ_size, 1);
 857         return 0;
 858 }
 859
 860 /*
 861  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 862  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 863  */
 864 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 865 {
 866         /* count chars to quote */
 867         int len = 0, n = 0;
 868         int force_quotes = 0;
 869         char *q, *d;
 870         const char *p = arg;
 871         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 872         while (*p) {
 873                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 874                         force_quotes = 1;
 875                 else if (*p == '"')
 876                         n++;
 877                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 878                         int count = 0;
 879                         while (*p == '\\') {
 880                                 count++;
 881                                 p++;
 882                                 len++;
 883                         }
 884                         if (*p == '"')
 885                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 886                         continue;
 887                 }
 888                 len++;
 889                 p++;
 890         }
 891         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 892                 return arg;
 893
 894         /* insert \ where necessary */
 895         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 896         *d++ = '"';
 897         while (*arg) {
 898                 if (*arg == '"')
 899                         *d++ = '\\';
 900                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 901                         int count = 0;
 902                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 903                                 count++;
 904                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 905                         }
 906                         if (*arg == '"') {
 907                                 while (count-- > 0)
 908                                         *d++ = '\\';
 909                                 *d++ = '\\';
 910                         }
 911                 }
 912                 *d++ = *arg++;
 913         }
 914         *d++ = '"';
 915         *d++ = 0;
 916         return q;
 917 }
 918
 919 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 920 {
 921         static char buf[100];
 922         char *p, *opt;
 923         int n, fd;
 924
 925         /* don't even try a .exe */
 926         n = strlen(cmd);
 927         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 928                 return NULL;
 929
 930         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 931         if (fd < 0)
 932                 return NULL;
 933         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 934         close(fd);
 935         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 936                 return NULL;
 937
 938         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 939                 return NULL;
 940         buf[n] = '\0';
 941         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 942         if (!*p)
 943                 return NULL;
 944
 945         *p = '\0';
 946         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 947                 return NULL;
 948         /* strip options */
 949         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 950                 *opt = '\0';
 951         return p+1;
 952 }
 953
 954 /*
 955  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 956  */
 957 static char **get_path_split(void)
 958 {
 959         char *p, **path, *envpath = getenv("PATH");
 960         int i, n = 0;
 961
 962         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 963                 return NULL;
 964
 965         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 966         p = envpath;
 967         while (p) {
 968                 char *dir = p;
 969                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 970                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 971                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 972                         ++n;
 973                 }
 974         }
 975         if (!n)
 976                 return NULL;
 977
 978         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 979         p = envpath;
 980         i = 0;
 981         do {
 982                 if (*p)
 983                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 984                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 985         } while (i < n);
 986         path[i] = NULL;
 987
 988         free(envpath);
 989
 990         return path;
 991 }
 992
 993 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 994 {
 995         char **p = path;
 996
 997         if (!path)
 998                 return;
 999
1000         while (*p)
1001                 free(*p++);
1002         free(path);
1003 }
1004
1005 /*
1006  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
1007  * (which do not have an extension)
1008  */
1009 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
1010 {
1011         char path[MAX_PATH];
1012         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
1013
1014         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1015                 return xstrdup(path);
1016         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
1017         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1018                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1019                         return xstrdup(path);
1020         return NULL;
1021 }
1022
1023 /*
1024  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
1025  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
1026  */
1027 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
1028 {
1029         char *prog = NULL;
1030         int len = strlen(cmd);
1031         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
1032
1033         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
1034                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
1035
1036         while (!prog && *path)
1037                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
1038
1039         return prog;
1040 }
1041
1042 /*
1043  * Create environment block suitable for CreateProcess. Merges current
1044  * process environment and the supplied environment changes.
1045  */
1046 static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
1047 {
1048         wchar_t *wenvblk = NULL;
1049         char **tmpenv;
1050         int i = 0, size = environ_size, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
1051
1052         while (deltaenv && deltaenv[i])
1053                 i++;
1054
1055         /* copy the environment, leaving space for changes */
1056         tmpenv = xmalloc((size + i) * sizeof(char*));
1057         memcpy(tmpenv, environ, size * sizeof(char*));
1058
1059         /* merge supplied environment changes into the temporary environment */
1060         for (i = 0; deltaenv && deltaenv[i]; i++)
1061                 size = do_putenv(tmpenv, deltaenv[i], size, 0);
1062
1063         /* create environment block from temporary environment */
1064         for (i = 0; tmpenv[i]; i++) {
1065                 size = 2 * strlen(tmpenv[i]) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
1066                 ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
1067                 wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], tmpenv[i], size) + 1;
1068         }
1069         /* add final \0 terminator */
1070         wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
1071         free(tmpenv);
1072         return wenvblk;
1073 }
1074
1075 struct pinfo_t {
1076         struct pinfo_t *next;
1077         pid_t pid;
1078         HANDLE proc;
1079 };
1080 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
1081 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
1082
1083 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1084                               const char *dir,
1085                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1086 {
1087         STARTUPINFOW si;
1088         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
1089         struct strbuf args;
1090         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
1091         unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
1092         BOOL ret;
1093
1094         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
1095         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
1096                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
1097                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
1098         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1099                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
1100                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
1101                  * would normally create a console window. But
1102                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
1103                  * not need the console.
1104                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
1105                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
1106                  * recognize that it has no console.
1107                  */
1108                 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
1109         } else {
1110                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
1111                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
1112                  * disassociate the child from the console.
1113                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
1114                  * Go figure!
1115                  */
1116                 CloseHandle(cons);
1117         }
1118         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
1119         si.cb = sizeof(si);
1120         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
1121         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
1122         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
1123         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
1124
1125         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
1126                 return -1;
1127         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
1128                 return -1;
1129
1130         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
1131         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
1132         if (prepend_cmd) {
1133                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1134                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1135                 if (quoted != cmd)
1136                         free(quoted);
1137         }
1138         for (; *argv; argv++) {
1139                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1140                 if (*args.buf)
1141                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1142                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1143                 if (quoted != *argv)
1144                         free(quoted);
1145         }
1146
1147         wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
1148         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1149         strbuf_release(&args);
1150
1151         wenvblk = make_environment_block(deltaenv);
1152
1153         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1154         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1155                 wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1156
1157         free(wenvblk);
1158         free(wargs);
1159
1160         if (!ret) {
1161                 errno = ENOENT;
1162                 return -1;
1163         }
1164         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1165
1166         /*
1167          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1168          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1169          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1170          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1171          * handle after the process terminated.
1172          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1173          */
1174         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1175         {
1176                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1177                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1178                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1179                 info->next = pinfo;
1180                 pinfo = info;
1181         }
1182         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1183
1184         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1185 }
1186
1187 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1188 {
1189         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, NULL, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1190 }
1191
1192 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1193                      const char *dir,
1194                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1195 {
1196         pid_t pid;
1197         char **path = get_path_split();
1198         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1199
1200         if (!prog) {
1201                 errno = ENOENT;
1202                 pid = -1;
1203         }
1204         else {
1205                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1206
1207                 if (interpr) {
1208                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1209                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1210                         argv[0] = prog;
1211                         if (!iprog) {
1212                                 errno = ENOENT;
1213                                 pid = -1;
1214                         }
1215                         else {
1216                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 1,
1217                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1218                                 free(iprog);
1219                         }
1220                         argv[0] = argv0;
1221                 }
1222                 else
1223                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 0,
1224                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1225                 free(prog);
1226         }
1227         free_path_split(path);
1228         return pid;
1229 }
1230
1231 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1232 {
1233         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1234         char **path;
1235         char *prog;
1236         int pid = 0;
1237
1238         if (!interpr)
1239                 return 0;
1240         path = get_path_split();
1241         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1242         if (prog) {
1243                 int argc = 0;
1244                 const char **argv2;
1245                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1246                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1247                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1248                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1249                 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1250                 if (pid >= 0) {
1251                         int status;
1252                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1253                                 status = 255;
1254                         exit(status);
1255                 }
1256                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1257                 free(prog);
1258                 free(argv2);
1259         }
1260         free_path_split(path);
1261         return pid;
1262 }
1263
1264 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1265 {
1266         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1267         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1268                 int pid, status;
1269
1270                 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1271                 if (pid < 0)
1272                         return -1;
1273                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1274                         status = 255;
1275                 exit(status);
1276         }
1277         return -1;
1278 }
1279
1280 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1281 {
1282         char **path = get_path_split();
1283         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1284
1285         if (prog) {
1286                 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1287                 free(prog);
1288         } else
1289                 errno = ENOENT;
1290
1291         free_path_split(path);
1292         return -1;
1293 }
1294
1295 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1296 {
1297         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1298                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1299
1300                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1301                         CloseHandle(h);
1302                         return 0;
1303                 }
1304
1305                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1306                 CloseHandle(h);
1307                 return -1;
1308         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1309                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1310                 if (h) {
1311                         CloseHandle(h);
1312                         return 0;
1313                 }
1314         }
1315
1316         errno = EINVAL;
1317         return -1;
1318 }
1319
1320 /*
1321  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1322  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1323  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1324  * if one was found.
1325  */
1326 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1327                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1328                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1329 {
1330         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1331         struct addrinfo *ai;
1332         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1333
1334         if (node) {
1335                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1336                 if (!h)
1337                         return WSAGetLastError();
1338         }
1339
1340         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1341         *res = ai;
1342         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1343         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1344         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1345         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1346         case SOCK_STREAM:
1347                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1348                 break;
1349         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1350                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1351                 break;
1352         default:
1353                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1354                 break;
1355         }
1356         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1357         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1358                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1359         else
1360                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1361
1362         sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1363         memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1364         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1365         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1366          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1367          * currently not implemented */
1368         if (service)
1369                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1370         if (h)
1371                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1372         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1373                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1374         else
1375                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1376         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1377         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1378         return 0;
1379 }
1380
1381 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1382 {
1383         free(res->ai_canonname);
1384         free(res->ai_addr);
1385         free(res);
1386 }
1387
1388 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1389                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1390                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1391 {
1392         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1393         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1394                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1395         if (!host && !serv)
1396                 return EAI_NONAME;
1397
1398         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1399                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1400                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1401                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1402                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1403
1404                 if (ent)
1405                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1406                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1407                         return EAI_NONAME;
1408                 else
1409                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1410         }
1411
1412         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1413                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1414                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1415                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1416                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1417
1418                 if (ent)
1419                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1420                 else
1421                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1422         }
1423
1424         return 0;
1425 }
1426
1427 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1428 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1429 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1430                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1431                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1432 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1433                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1434                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1435 /*
1436  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1437  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1438  */
1439
1440 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1441 {
1442         WSACleanup();
1443         if (ipv6_dll)
1444                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1445         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1446         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1447         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1448         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1449 }
1450
1451 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1452 {
1453         WSADATA wsa;
1454         static int initialized = 0;
1455         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1456         const char **name;
1457
1458         if (initialized)
1459                 return;
1460
1461         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1462                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1463                         WSAGetLastError());
1464
1465         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1466                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1467                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1468                         continue;
1469
1470                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1471                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1472                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1473                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1474                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1475                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1476                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1477                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1478                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1479                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1480                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1481                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1482                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1483                 } else
1484                         break;
1485         }
1486         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1487                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1488                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1489                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1490         }
1491
1492         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1493         initialized = 1;
1494 }
1495
1496 #undef gethostname
1497 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1498 {
1499     ensure_socket_initialization();
1500     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1501 }
1502
1503 #undef gethostbyname
1504 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1505 {
1506         ensure_socket_initialization();
1507         return gethostbyname(host);
1508 }
1509
1510 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1511 {
1512         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1513 }
1514
1515 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1516                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1517 {
1518         ensure_socket_initialization();
1519         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1520 }
1521
1522 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1523                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1524                       int flags)
1525 {
1526         ensure_socket_initialization();
1527         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1528 }
1529
1530 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1531 {
1532         int sockfd;
1533         SOCKET s;
1534
1535         ensure_socket_initialization();
1536         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1537         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1538                 /*
1539                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1540                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1541                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1542                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1543                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1544                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1545                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1546                  */
1547                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1548                 return -1;
1549         }
1550         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1551         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1552                 closesocket(s);
1553                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1554                         strerror(errno));
1555         }
1556         return sockfd;
1557 }
1558
1559 #undef connect
1560 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1561 {
1562         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1563         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1564 }
1565
1566 #undef bind
1567 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1568 {
1569         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1570         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1571 }
1572
1573 #undef setsockopt
1574 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1575 {
1576         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1577         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1578 }
1579
1580 #undef shutdown
1581 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1582 {
1583         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1584         return shutdown(s, how);
1585 }
1586
1587 #undef listen
1588 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1589 {
1590         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1591         return listen(s, backlog);
1592 }
1593
1594 #undef accept
1595 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1596 {
1597         int sockfd2;
1598
1599         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1600         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1601
1602         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1603         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1604                 int err = errno;
1605                 closesocket(s2);
1606                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1607                         strerror(err));
1608         }
1609         return sockfd2;
1610 }
1611
1612 #undef rename
1613 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1614 {
1615         DWORD attrs, gle;
1616         int tries = 0;
1617         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1618         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1619                 return -1;
1620
1621         /*
1622          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1623          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1624          */
1625         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1626                 return 0;
1627         if (errno != EEXIST)
1628                 return -1;
1629 repeat:
1630         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1631                 return 0;
1632         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1633         gle = GetLastError();
1634         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1635             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1636                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1637                         errno = EISDIR;
1638                         return -1;
1639                 }
1640                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1641                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1642                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1643                                 return 0;
1644                         gle = GetLastError();
1645                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1646                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1647                 }
1648         }
1649         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1650                 /*
1651                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1652                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1653                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1654                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1655                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1656                  */
1657                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1658                 tries++;
1659                 goto repeat;
1660         }
1661         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1662                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1663                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1664                 goto repeat;
1665
1666         errno = EACCES;
1667         return -1;
1668 }
1669
1670 /*
1671  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1672  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1673  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1674  */
1675 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1676 {
1677         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1678         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1679         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1680 }
1681
1682 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1683 {
1684         static char user_name[100];
1685         static struct passwd p;
1686
1687         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1688         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1689                 return NULL;
1690         p.pw_name = user_name;
1691         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1692         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1693         return &p;
1694 }
1695
1696 static HANDLE timer_event;
1697 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1698 static int timer_interval;
1699 static int one_shot;
1700 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1701
1702 /* The timer works like this:
1703  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1704  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1705  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1706  * state.
1707  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1708  * length to call the signal handler.
1709  */
1710
1711 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1712 {
1713         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1714                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1715                 if (one_shot)
1716                         break;
1717         }
1718         return 0;
1719 }
1720
1721 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1722 {
1723         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1724         if (timer_event) {
1725                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1726                 if (!timer_thread )
1727                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1728                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1729         } else
1730                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1731                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1732         return 0;
1733 }
1734
1735 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1736 {
1737         if (timer_event)
1738                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1739         if (timer_thread) {
1740                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1741                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1742                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1743                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1744                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1745                               GetLastError());
1746                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1747         }
1748         if (timer_event)
1749                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1750         timer_event = NULL;
1751         timer_thread = NULL;
1752 }
1753
1754 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1755 {
1756         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1757 }
1758
1759 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1760 {
1761         static const struct timeval zero;
1762         static int atexit_done;
1763
1764         if (out != NULL)
1765                 return errno = EINVAL,
1766                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1767         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1768             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1769                 return errno = EINVAL,
1770                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1771
1772         if (timer_thread)
1773                 stop_timer_thread();
1774
1775         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1776             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1777                 return 0;
1778
1779         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1780         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1781         if (!atexit_done) {
1782                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1783                 atexit_done = 1;
1784         }
1785         return start_timer_thread();
1786 }
1787
1788 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1789 {
1790         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1791                 return errno = EINVAL,
1792                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1793         if (out != NULL)
1794                 return errno = EINVAL,
1795                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1796
1797         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1798         return 0;
1799 }
1800
1801 #undef signal
1802 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1803 {
1804         sig_handler_t old;
1805
1806         switch (sig) {
1807         case SIGALRM:
1808                 old = timer_fn;
1809                 timer_fn = handler;
1810                 break;
1811
1812         case SIGINT:
1813                 old = sigint_fn;
1814                 sigint_fn = handler;
1815                 break;
1816
1817         default:
1818                 return signal(sig, handler);
1819         }
1820
1821         return old;
1822 }
1823
1824 #undef raise
1825 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1826 {
1827         switch (sig) {
1828         case SIGALRM:
1829                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1830                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1831                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1832                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1833                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1834                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1835                 return 0;
1836
1837         case SIGINT:
1838                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1839                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1840                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1841                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1842                 return 0;
1843
1844         default:
1845                 return raise(sig);
1846         }
1847 }
1848
1849
1850 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1851 {
1852         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1853         char *c;
1854
1855         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1856                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1857
1858         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1859                 if (*c == '/')
1860                         *c = '\\';
1861         }
1862         return buf;
1863 }
1864
1865 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1866 {
1867         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1868         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1869                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1870         T ShellExecute;
1871         HMODULE shell32;
1872         int r;
1873
1874         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1875         if (!shell32)
1876                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1877         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1878         if (!ShellExecute)
1879                 die("cannot run browser");
1880
1881         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1882         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1883         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1884         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1885         if (r <= 32) {
1886                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1887         }
1888 }
1889
1890 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1891 {
1892         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1893         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1894         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1895         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1896                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1897                 return -1;
1898
1899         if (!create_hard_link) {
1900                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1901                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1902                 if (!create_hard_link)
1903                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1904         }
1905         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1906                 errno = ENOSYS;
1907                 return -1;
1908         }
1909         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1910                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1911                 return -1;
1912         }
1913         return 0;
1914 }
1915
1916 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1917 {
1918         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1919             FALSE, pid);
1920         if (!h) {
1921                 errno = ECHILD;
1922                 return -1;
1923         }
1924
1925         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1926                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1927                         CloseHandle(h);
1928                         return 0;
1929                 }
1930                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1931         }
1932
1933         if (options == 0) {
1934                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1935                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1936                         CloseHandle(h);
1937                         return 0;
1938                 }
1939
1940                 if (status)
1941                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1942
1943                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1944
1945                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1946                 while (*ppinfo) {
1947                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1948                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1949                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1950                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1951                                 free(info);
1952                                 break;
1953                         }
1954                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1955                 }
1956
1957                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1958
1959                 CloseHandle(h);
1960                 return pid;
1961         }
1962         CloseHandle(h);
1963
1964         errno = EINVAL;
1965         return -1;
1966 }
1967
1968 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
1969 {
1970         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
1971         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
1972         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
1973                 errno = EINVAL;
1974                 return -1;
1975         }
1976         /* reserve space for \0 */
1977         wcslen--;
1978         if (utflen < 0)
1979                 utflen = INT_MAX;
1980
1981         while (upos < utflen) {
1982                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
1983                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
1984                         break;
1985
1986                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
1987                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
1988                         errno = ERANGE;
1989                         return -1;
1990                 }
1991
1992                 if (c < 0x80) {
1993                         /* ASCII */
1994                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1995                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
1996                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1997                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
1998                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
1999                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2000                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2001                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
2002                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
2003                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2004                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2005                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
2006                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
2007                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2008                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2009                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2010                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
2011                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
2012                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2013                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2014                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2015                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2016                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2017                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2018                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2019                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2020                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2021                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2022                         c -= 0x10000;
2023                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2024                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2025                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2026                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2027                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2028                 } else {
2029                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2030                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2031                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2032                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2033                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2034                 }
2035         }
2036         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2037         return wpos;
2038 }
2039
2040 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2041 {
2042         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2043                 errno = EINVAL;
2044                 return -1;
2045         }
2046         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2047         if (utflen)
2048                 return utflen - 1;
2049         errno = ERANGE;
2050         return -1;
2051 }
2052
2053 /*
2054  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2055  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2056  */
2057 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2058
2059 typedef struct {
2060         int newmode;
2061 } _startupinfo;
2062
2063 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2064                 _startupinfo *si);
2065
2066 static NORETURN void die_startup()
2067 {
2068         fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2069         exit(128);
2070 }
2071
2072 static void *malloc_startup(size_t size)
2073 {
2074         void *result = malloc(size);
2075         if (!result)
2076                 die_startup();
2077         return result;
2078 }
2079
2080 static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
2081 {
2082         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wcs, len) + 1;
2083         return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
2084 }
2085
2086 void mingw_startup()
2087 {
2088         int i, maxlen, argc;
2089         char *buffer;
2090         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2091         _startupinfo si;
2092
2093         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2094         si.newmode = 0;
2095         if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2096                 die_startup();
2097
2098         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2099         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2100         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2101                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2102         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2103                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2104
2105         /*
2106          * nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment
2107          * list. Note that xmalloc / xmemdupz etc. call getenv, so we cannot
2108          * use it while initializing the environment itself.
2109          */
2110         environ_size = i + 1;
2111         environ_alloc = alloc_nr(environ_size * sizeof(char*));
2112         environ = malloc_startup(environ_alloc);
2113
2114         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2115         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2116         buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
2117
2118         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2119         __argv[0] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2120         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2121                 __argv[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2122         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2123                 environ[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2124         environ[i] = NULL;
2125         free(buffer);
2126
2127         /* sort environment for O(log n) getenv / putenv */
2128         qsort(environ, i, sizeof(char*), compareenv);
2129
2130         /* fix Windows specific environment settings */
2131
2132         /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
2133         if (!getenv("TMPDIR")) {
2134                 const char *tmp = getenv("TMP");
2135                 if (!tmp)
2136                         tmp = getenv("TEMP");
2137                 if (tmp)
2138                         setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
2139         }
2140
2141         /* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
2142         if (!getenv("TERM"))
2143                 setenv("TERM", "winansi", 1);
2144
2145         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2146         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2147
2148         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2149         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2150         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2151         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2152         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2153
2154         /* initialize Unicode console */
2155         winansi_init();
2156 }