compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7 #include "../cache.h"
   8
   9 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  10 unsigned int _CRT_fmode = _O_BINARY;
  11
  12 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  13 {
  14         int error = ENOSYS;
  15         switch(winerr) {
  16         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  17         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  19         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  20         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  21         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  31         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  32         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  33         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  35         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  36         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  42         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  43         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  44         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  45         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  46         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  47         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  48         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  49         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  50         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  51         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  55         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  56         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  57         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  58         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  76         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  77         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  78         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  79         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  81         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  82         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  83         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  84         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  85         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  86         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  87         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  88         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  90         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  94         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  95         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  97         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  98         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  99         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
 100         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 101         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 106         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 107         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 108         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 109         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 110         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 111         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 112         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 113         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 114         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 115         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 116         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 117         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 118         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 119         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 120         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 121         }
 122         return error;
 123 }
 124
 125 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 126 {
 127         switch (errcode) {
 128         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 129         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 130                 return 1;
 131         }
 132
 133         return 0;
 134 }
 135
 136 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 137 {
 138         char answer[1024];
 139
 140         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 141                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 142                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 143
 144                 /* remove the newline */
 145                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 146                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 147                         got_full_line = 1;
 148                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 149                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 150                         got_full_line = 1;
 151                 }
 152                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 153                 if (!got_full_line)
 154                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 155                                 ;
 156         } else
 157                 /* we could not read, return the
 158                  * default answer which is no */
 159                 return 0;
 160
 161         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 162                 return 1;
 163         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 164                 return 1;
 165         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 166                 return 0;
 167         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 168                 return 0;
 169
 170         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 171         return -1;
 172 }
 173
 174 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 175 {
 176         char question[4096];
 177         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 178         va_list args;
 179
 180         va_start(args, format);
 181         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 182         va_end(args);
 183
 184         if ((retry_hook[0] = getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 185                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 186                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 187         }
 188
 189         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 190                 return 0;
 191
 192         while (1) {
 193                 int answer;
 194                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 195
 196                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 197                         return answer;
 198
 199                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 200                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 201         }
 202 }
 203
 204 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 205 {
 206         int ret, tries = 0;
 207         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 208         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 209                 return -1;
 210
 211         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 212         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 213         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 214                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 215                         break;
 216                 /*
 217                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 218                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 219                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 220                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 221                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 222                  */
 223                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 224                 tries++;
 225         }
 226         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 227                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 228                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 229                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 230         return ret;
 231 }
 232
 233 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 234 {
 235         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 236         HANDLE handle;
 237         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 238         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 239         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 240         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 241         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 242                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 243
 244         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 245                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 246                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 247                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 248                         FindClose(handle);
 249                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 250                 }
 251         FindClose(handle);
 252         return 0;
 253 }
 254
 255 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 256 {
 257         int ret, tries = 0;
 258         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 259         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 260                 return -1;
 261
 262         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 263                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 264                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 265                 if (errno != EACCES)
 266                         break;
 267                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 268                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 269                         break;
 270                 }
 271                 /*
 272                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 273                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 274                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 275                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 276                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 277                  */
 278                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 279                 tries++;
 280         }
 281         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 282                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 283                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 284                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 285         return ret;
 286 }
 287
 288 static int make_hidden(const wchar_t *path)
 289 {
 290         DWORD attribs = GetFileAttributesW(path);
 291         if (SetFileAttributesW(path, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN | attribs))
 292                 return 0;
 293         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 294         return -1;
 295 }
 296
 297 void mingw_mark_as_git_dir(const char *dir)
 298 {
 299         wchar_t wdir[MAX_PATH];
 300         if (hide_dotfiles != HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE && !is_bare_repository())
 301                 if (xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0 || make_hidden(wdir))
 302                         warning("Failed to make '%s' hidden", dir);
 303         git_config_set("core.hideDotFiles",
 304                 hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE ? "false" :
 305                 (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY ?
 306                  "dotGitOnly" : "true"));
 307 }
 308
 309 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 310 {
 311         int ret;
 312         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 313         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 314                 return -1;
 315         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 316         if (!ret && hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 317                 /*
 318                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 319                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 320                  * such a directory is created.
 321                  */
 322                 const char *start = basename((char*)path);
 323                 if (*start == '.')
 324                         return make_hidden(wpath);
 325         }
 326         return ret;
 327 }
 328
 329 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 330 {
 331         va_list args;
 332         unsigned mode;
 333         int fd;
 334         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 335
 336         va_start(args, oflags);
 337         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 338         va_end(args);
 339
 340         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 341                 filename = "nul";
 342
 343         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 344                 return -1;
 345         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 346
 347         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 348                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 349                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 350                         errno = EISDIR;
 351         }
 352         if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && fd >= 0 &&
 353             hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 354                 /*
 355                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 356                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 357                  * such a file is created.
 358                  */
 359                 const char *start = basename((char*)filename);
 360                 if (*start == '.' && make_hidden(wfilename))
 361                         warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 362         }
 363         return fd;
 364 }
 365
 366 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 367 {
 368         return TRUE;
 369 }
 370
 371 #undef fgetc
 372 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 373 {
 374         int ch;
 375         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 376                 return fgetc(stream);
 377
 378         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 379         while (1) {
 380                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 381                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 382                         break;
 383
 384                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 385                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 386         }
 387         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 388         return ch;
 389 }
 390
 391 #undef fopen
 392 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 393 {
 394         int hide = 0;
 395         FILE *file;
 396         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 397         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 398             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 399                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 400         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 401                 filename = "nul";
 402         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 403                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 404                 return NULL;
 405         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 406         if (file && hide && make_hidden(wfilename))
 407                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 408         return file;
 409 }
 410
 411 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 412 {
 413         int hide = 0;
 414         FILE *file;
 415         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 416         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 417             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 418                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 419         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 420                 filename = "nul";
 421         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 422                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 423                 return NULL;
 424         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 425         if (file && hide && make_hidden(wfilename))
 426                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 427         return file;
 428 }
 429
 430 #undef fflush
 431 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 432 {
 433         int ret = fflush(stream);
 434
 435         /*
 436          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 437          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 438          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 439          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 440          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 441          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 442          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 443          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 444          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 445          */
 446         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 447                 errno = EPIPE;
 448
 449         return ret;
 450 }
 451
 452 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 453 {
 454         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 455         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 456                 return -1;
 457         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 458         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 459 }
 460
 461 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 462 {
 463         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 464         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 465                 return -1;
 466         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 467 }
 468
 469 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 470 {
 471         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 472         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 473                 return -1;
 474         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 475 }
 476
 477 /*
 478  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 479  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 480  */
 481 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 482 {
 483         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 484         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 485         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 486 }
 487
 488 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 489 {
 490         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 491 }
 492
 493 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 494  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 495  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 496  *
 497  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 498  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 499  */
 500 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 501 {
 502         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 503         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 504         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 505                 return -1;
 506
 507         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 508                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 509                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 510                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 511                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 512                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 513                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 514                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 515                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 516                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 517                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 518                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 519                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 520                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 521                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 522                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 523                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 524                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 525                                         if (follow) {
 526                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 527                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 528                                         } else {
 529                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 530                                         }
 531                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 532                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 533                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 534                                 }
 535                                 FindClose(handle);
 536                         }
 537                 }
 538                 return 0;
 539         }
 540         switch (GetLastError()) {
 541         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 542         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 543         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 544         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 545                 errno = EACCES;
 546                 break;
 547         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 548                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 549                 break;
 550         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 551                 errno = ENOMEM;
 552                 break;
 553         default:
 554                 errno = ENOENT;
 555                 break;
 556         }
 557         return -1;
 558 }
 559
 560 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 561  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 562  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 563  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 564  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 565  */
 566 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 567 {
 568         int namelen;
 569         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 570
 571         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 572                 return 0;
 573
 574         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 575          * try again without trailing slashes
 576          */
 577         if (errno != ENOENT)
 578                 return -1;
 579
 580         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 581         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 582                 return -1;
 583         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 584                 --namelen;
 585         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 586                 return -1;
 587
 588         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 589         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 590         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 591 }
 592
 593 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 594 {
 595         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 596 }
 597 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 598 {
 599         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 600 }
 601
 602 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 603 {
 604         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 605         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 606
 607         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 608                 errno = EBADF;
 609                 return -1;
 610         }
 611         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 612         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 613                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 614
 615         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 616                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 617                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 618                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 619                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 620                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 621                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 622                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 623                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 624                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 625                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 626                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 627                 return 0;
 628         }
 629         errno = EBADF;
 630         return -1;
 631 }
 632
 633 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 634 {
 635         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 636         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 637         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 638 }
 639
 640 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 641 {
 642         FILETIME mft, aft;
 643         int fh, rc;
 644         DWORD attrs;
 645         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 646         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 647                 return -1;
 648
 649         /* must have write permission */
 650         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 651         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 652             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 653                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 654                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 655         }
 656
 657         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 658                 rc = -1;
 659                 goto revert_attrs;
 660         }
 661
 662         if (times) {
 663                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 664                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 665         } else {
 666                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 667                 aft = mft;
 668         }
 669         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 670                 errno = EINVAL;
 671                 rc = -1;
 672         } else
 673                 rc = 0;
 674         close(fh);
 675
 676 revert_attrs:
 677         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 678             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 679                 /* ignore errors again */
 680                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 681         }
 682         return rc;
 683 }
 684
 685 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 686 {
 687         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 688         return 0;
 689 }
 690
 691 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 692 {
 693         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 694         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 695                 return NULL;
 696         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 697                 return NULL;
 698         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 699                 return NULL;
 700         return template;
 701 }
 702
 703 int mkstemp(char *template)
 704 {
 705         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 706         if (filename == NULL)
 707                 return -1;
 708         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 709 }
 710
 711 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 712 {
 713         FILETIME ft;
 714         long long hnsec;
 715
 716         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 717         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 718         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 719         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 720         return 0;
 721 }
 722
 723 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 724 {
 725         HANDLE h[2];
 726
 727         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 728         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 729                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 730                 return -1;
 731         }
 732         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 733         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 734                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 735                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 736                 return -1;
 737         }
 738         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 739         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 740                 close(filedes[0]);
 741                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 742                 return -1;
 743         }
 744         return 0;
 745 }
 746
 747 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 748 {
 749         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 750         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 751         return result;
 752 }
 753
 754 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 755 {
 756         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 757         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 758         return result;
 759 }
 760
 761 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 762 {
 763         int i;
 764         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 765         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 766                 return NULL;
 767         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 768                 return NULL;
 769         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 770                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 771                         pointer[i] = '/';
 772         return pointer;
 773 }
 774
 775 /*
 776  * Compare environment entries by key (i.e. stopping at '=' or '\0').
 777  */
 778 static int compareenv(const void *v1, const void *v2)
 779 {
 780         const char *e1 = *(const char**)v1;
 781         const char *e2 = *(const char**)v2;
 782
 783         for (;;) {
 784                 int c1 = *e1++;
 785                 int c2 = *e2++;
 786                 c1 = (c1 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c1);
 787                 c2 = (c2 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c2);
 788                 if (c1 > c2)
 789                         return 1;
 790                 if (c1 < c2)
 791                         return -1;
 792                 if (c1 == 0)
 793                         return 0;
 794         }
 795 }
 796
 797 static int bsearchenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t size)
 798 {
 799         unsigned low = 0, high = size;
 800         while (low < high) {
 801                 unsigned mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);
 802                 int cmp = compareenv(&env[mid], &name);
 803                 if (cmp < 0)
 804                         low = mid + 1;
 805                 else if (cmp > 0)
 806                         high = mid;
 807                 else
 808                         return mid;
 809         }
 810         return ~low; /* not found, return 1's complement of insert position */
 811 }
 812
 813 /*
 814  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
 815  * Size includes the terminating NULL. Env must have room for size + 1 entries
 816  * (in case of insert). Returns the new size. Optionally frees removed entries.
 817  */
 818 static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old)
 819 {
 820         int i = bsearchenv(env, name, size - 1);
 821
 822         /* optionally free removed / replaced entry */
 823         if (i >= 0 && free_old)
 824                 free(env[i]);
 825
 826         if (strchr(name, '=')) {
 827                 /* if new value ('key=value') is specified, insert or replace entry */
 828                 if (i < 0) {
 829                         i = ~i;
 830                         memmove(&env[i + 1], &env[i], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
 831                         size++;
 832                 }
 833                 env[i] = (char*) name;
 834         } else if (i >= 0) {
 835                 /* otherwise ('key') remove existing entry */
 836                 size--;
 837                 memmove(&env[i], &env[i + 1], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
 838         }
 839         return size;
 840 }
 841
 842 /* used number of elements of environ array, including terminating NULL */
 843 static int environ_size = 0;
 844 /* allocated size of environ array, in bytes */
 845 static int environ_alloc = 0;
 846
 847 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
 848 {
 849         char *value;
 850         int pos = bsearchenv(environ, name, environ_size - 1);
 851         if (pos < 0)
 852                 return NULL;
 853         value = strchr(environ[pos], '=');
 854         return value ? &value[1] : NULL;
 855 }
 856
 857 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
 858 {
 859         ALLOC_GROW(environ, (environ_size + 1) * sizeof(char*), environ_alloc);
 860         environ_size = do_putenv(environ, namevalue, environ_size, 1);
 861         return 0;
 862 }
 863
 864 /*
 865  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 866  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 867  */
 868 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 869 {
 870         /* count chars to quote */
 871         int len = 0, n = 0;
 872         int force_quotes = 0;
 873         char *q, *d;
 874         const char *p = arg;
 875         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 876         while (*p) {
 877                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 878                         force_quotes = 1;
 879                 else if (*p == '"')
 880                         n++;
 881                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 882                         int count = 0;
 883                         while (*p == '\\') {
 884                                 count++;
 885                                 p++;
 886                                 len++;
 887                         }
 888                         if (*p == '"')
 889                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 890                         continue;
 891                 }
 892                 len++;
 893                 p++;
 894         }
 895         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 896                 return arg;
 897
 898         /* insert \ where necessary */
 899         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 900         *d++ = '"';
 901         while (*arg) {
 902                 if (*arg == '"')
 903                         *d++ = '\\';
 904                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 905                         int count = 0;
 906                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 907                                 count++;
 908                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 909                         }
 910                         if (*arg == '"') {
 911                                 while (count-- > 0)
 912                                         *d++ = '\\';
 913                                 *d++ = '\\';
 914                         }
 915                 }
 916                 *d++ = *arg++;
 917         }
 918         *d++ = '"';
 919         *d++ = 0;
 920         return q;
 921 }
 922
 923 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 924 {
 925         static char buf[100];
 926         char *p, *opt;
 927         int n, fd;
 928
 929         /* don't even try a .exe */
 930         n = strlen(cmd);
 931         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 932                 return NULL;
 933
 934         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 935         if (fd < 0)
 936                 return NULL;
 937         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 938         close(fd);
 939         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 940                 return NULL;
 941
 942         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 943                 return NULL;
 944         buf[n] = '\0';
 945         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 946         if (!*p)
 947                 return NULL;
 948
 949         *p = '\0';
 950         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 951                 return NULL;
 952         /* strip options */
 953         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 954                 *opt = '\0';
 955         return p+1;
 956 }
 957
 958 /*
 959  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 960  */
 961 static char **get_path_split(void)
 962 {
 963         char *p, **path, *envpath = getenv("PATH");
 964         int i, n = 0;
 965
 966         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 967                 return NULL;
 968
 969         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 970         p = envpath;
 971         while (p) {
 972                 char *dir = p;
 973                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 974                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 975                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 976                         ++n;
 977                 }
 978         }
 979         if (!n)
 980                 return NULL;
 981
 982         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 983         p = envpath;
 984         i = 0;
 985         do {
 986                 if (*p)
 987                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 988                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 989         } while (i < n);
 990         path[i] = NULL;
 991
 992         free(envpath);
 993
 994         return path;
 995 }
 996
 997 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 998 {
 999         char **p = path;
1000
1001         if (!path)
1002                 return;
1003
1004         while (*p)
1005                 free(*p++);
1006         free(path);
1007 }
1008
1009 /*
1010  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
1011  * (which do not have an extension)
1012  */
1013 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
1014 {
1015         char path[MAX_PATH];
1016         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
1017
1018         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1019                 return xstrdup(path);
1020         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
1021         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1022                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1023                         return xstrdup(path);
1024         return NULL;
1025 }
1026
1027 /*
1028  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
1029  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
1030  */
1031 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
1032 {
1033         char *prog = NULL;
1034         int len = strlen(cmd);
1035         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
1036
1037         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
1038                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
1039
1040         while (!prog && *path)
1041                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
1042
1043         return prog;
1044 }
1045
1046 /*
1047  * Create environment block suitable for CreateProcess. Merges current
1048  * process environment and the supplied environment changes.
1049  */
1050 static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
1051 {
1052         wchar_t *wenvblk = NULL;
1053         char **tmpenv;
1054         int i = 0, size = environ_size, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
1055
1056         while (deltaenv && deltaenv[i])
1057                 i++;
1058
1059         /* copy the environment, leaving space for changes */
1060         tmpenv = xmalloc((size + i) * sizeof(char*));
1061         memcpy(tmpenv, environ, size * sizeof(char*));
1062
1063         /* merge supplied environment changes into the temporary environment */
1064         for (i = 0; deltaenv && deltaenv[i]; i++)
1065                 size = do_putenv(tmpenv, deltaenv[i], size, 0);
1066
1067         /* create environment block from temporary environment */
1068         for (i = 0; tmpenv[i]; i++) {
1069                 size = 2 * strlen(tmpenv[i]) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
1070                 ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
1071                 wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], tmpenv[i], size) + 1;
1072         }
1073         /* add final \0 terminator */
1074         wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
1075         free(tmpenv);
1076         return wenvblk;
1077 }
1078
1079 struct pinfo_t {
1080         struct pinfo_t *next;
1081         pid_t pid;
1082         HANDLE proc;
1083 };
1084 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
1085 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
1086
1087 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1088                               const char *dir,
1089                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1090 {
1091         STARTUPINFOW si;
1092         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
1093         struct strbuf args;
1094         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
1095         unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
1096         BOOL ret;
1097
1098         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
1099         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
1100                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
1101                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
1102         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1103                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
1104                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
1105                  * would normally create a console window. But
1106                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
1107                  * not need the console.
1108                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
1109                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
1110                  * recognize that it has no console.
1111                  */
1112                 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
1113         } else {
1114                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
1115                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
1116                  * disassociate the child from the console.
1117                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
1118                  * Go figure!
1119                  */
1120                 CloseHandle(cons);
1121         }
1122         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
1123         si.cb = sizeof(si);
1124         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
1125         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
1126         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
1127         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
1128
1129         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
1130                 return -1;
1131         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
1132                 return -1;
1133
1134         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
1135         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
1136         if (prepend_cmd) {
1137                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1138                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1139                 if (quoted != cmd)
1140                         free(quoted);
1141         }
1142         for (; *argv; argv++) {
1143                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1144                 if (*args.buf)
1145                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1146                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1147                 if (quoted != *argv)
1148                         free(quoted);
1149         }
1150
1151         wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
1152         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1153         strbuf_release(&args);
1154
1155         wenvblk = make_environment_block(deltaenv);
1156
1157         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1158         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1159                 wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1160
1161         free(wenvblk);
1162         free(wargs);
1163
1164         if (!ret) {
1165                 errno = ENOENT;
1166                 return -1;
1167         }
1168         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1169
1170         /*
1171          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1172          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1173          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1174          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1175          * handle after the process terminated.
1176          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1177          */
1178         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1179         {
1180                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1181                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1182                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1183                 info->next = pinfo;
1184                 pinfo = info;
1185         }
1186         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1187
1188         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1189 }
1190
1191 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1192 {
1193         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, NULL, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1194 }
1195
1196 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1197                      const char *dir,
1198                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1199 {
1200         pid_t pid;
1201         char **path = get_path_split();
1202         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1203
1204         if (!prog) {
1205                 errno = ENOENT;
1206                 pid = -1;
1207         }
1208         else {
1209                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1210
1211                 if (interpr) {
1212                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1213                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1214                         argv[0] = prog;
1215                         if (!iprog) {
1216                                 errno = ENOENT;
1217                                 pid = -1;
1218                         }
1219                         else {
1220                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 1,
1221                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1222                                 free(iprog);
1223                         }
1224                         argv[0] = argv0;
1225                 }
1226                 else
1227                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 0,
1228                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1229                 free(prog);
1230         }
1231         free_path_split(path);
1232         return pid;
1233 }
1234
1235 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1236 {
1237         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1238         char **path;
1239         char *prog;
1240         int pid = 0;
1241
1242         if (!interpr)
1243                 return 0;
1244         path = get_path_split();
1245         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1246         if (prog) {
1247                 int argc = 0;
1248                 const char **argv2;
1249                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1250                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1251                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1252                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1253                 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1254                 if (pid >= 0) {
1255                         int status;
1256                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1257                                 status = 255;
1258                         exit(status);
1259                 }
1260                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1261                 free(prog);
1262                 free(argv2);
1263         }
1264         free_path_split(path);
1265         return pid;
1266 }
1267
1268 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1269 {
1270         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1271         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1272                 int pid, status;
1273
1274                 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1275                 if (pid < 0)
1276                         return -1;
1277                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1278                         status = 255;
1279                 exit(status);
1280         }
1281         return -1;
1282 }
1283
1284 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1285 {
1286         char **path = get_path_split();
1287         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1288
1289         if (prog) {
1290                 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1291                 free(prog);
1292         } else
1293                 errno = ENOENT;
1294
1295         free_path_split(path);
1296         return -1;
1297 }
1298
1299 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1300 {
1301         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1302                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1303
1304                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1305                         CloseHandle(h);
1306                         return 0;
1307                 }
1308
1309                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1310                 CloseHandle(h);
1311                 return -1;
1312         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1313                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1314                 if (h) {
1315                         CloseHandle(h);
1316                         return 0;
1317                 }
1318         }
1319
1320         errno = EINVAL;
1321         return -1;
1322 }
1323
1324 /*
1325  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1326  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1327  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1328  * if one was found.
1329  */
1330 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1331                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1332                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1333 {
1334         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1335         struct addrinfo *ai;
1336         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1337
1338         if (node) {
1339                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1340                 if (!h)
1341                         return WSAGetLastError();
1342         }
1343
1344         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1345         *res = ai;
1346         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1347         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1348         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1349         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1350         case SOCK_STREAM:
1351                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1352                 break;
1353         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1354                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1355                 break;
1356         default:
1357                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1358                 break;
1359         }
1360         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1361         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1362                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1363         else
1364                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1365
1366         sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1367         memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1368         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1369         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1370          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1371          * currently not implemented */
1372         if (service)
1373                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1374         if (h)
1375                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1376         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1377                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1378         else
1379                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1380         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1381         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1382         return 0;
1383 }
1384
1385 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1386 {
1387         free(res->ai_canonname);
1388         free(res->ai_addr);
1389         free(res);
1390 }
1391
1392 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1393                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1394                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1395 {
1396         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1397         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1398                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1399         if (!host && !serv)
1400                 return EAI_NONAME;
1401
1402         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1403                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1404                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1405                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1406                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1407
1408                 if (ent)
1409                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1410                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1411                         return EAI_NONAME;
1412                 else
1413                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1414         }
1415
1416         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1417                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1418                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1419                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1420                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1421
1422                 if (ent)
1423                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1424                 else
1425                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1426         }
1427
1428         return 0;
1429 }
1430
1431 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1432 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1433 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1434                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1435                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1436 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1437                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1438                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1439 /*
1440  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1441  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1442  */
1443
1444 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1445 {
1446         WSACleanup();
1447         if (ipv6_dll)
1448                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1449         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1450         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1451         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1452         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1453 }
1454
1455 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1456 {
1457         WSADATA wsa;
1458         static int initialized = 0;
1459         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1460         const char **name;
1461
1462         if (initialized)
1463                 return;
1464
1465         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1466                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1467                         WSAGetLastError());
1468
1469         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1470                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1471                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1472                         continue;
1473
1474                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1475                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1476                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1477                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1478                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1479                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1480                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1481                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1482                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1483                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1484                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1485                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1486                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1487                 } else
1488                         break;
1489         }
1490         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1491                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1492                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1493                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1494         }
1495
1496         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1497         initialized = 1;
1498 }
1499
1500 #undef gethostname
1501 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1502 {
1503     ensure_socket_initialization();
1504     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1505 }
1506
1507 #undef gethostbyname
1508 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1509 {
1510         ensure_socket_initialization();
1511         return gethostbyname(host);
1512 }
1513
1514 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1515 {
1516         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1517 }
1518
1519 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1520                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1521 {
1522         ensure_socket_initialization();
1523         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1524 }
1525
1526 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1527                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1528                       int flags)
1529 {
1530         ensure_socket_initialization();
1531         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1532 }
1533
1534 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1535 {
1536         int sockfd;
1537         SOCKET s;
1538
1539         ensure_socket_initialization();
1540         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1541         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1542                 /*
1543                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1544                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1545                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1546                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1547                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1548                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1549                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1550                  */
1551                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1552                 return -1;
1553         }
1554         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1555         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1556                 closesocket(s);
1557                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1558                         strerror(errno));
1559         }
1560         return sockfd;
1561 }
1562
1563 #undef connect
1564 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1565 {
1566         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1567         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1568 }
1569
1570 #undef bind
1571 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1572 {
1573         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1574         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1575 }
1576
1577 #undef setsockopt
1578 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1579 {
1580         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1581         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1582 }
1583
1584 #undef shutdown
1585 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1586 {
1587         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1588         return shutdown(s, how);
1589 }
1590
1591 #undef listen
1592 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1593 {
1594         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1595         return listen(s, backlog);
1596 }
1597
1598 #undef accept
1599 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1600 {
1601         int sockfd2;
1602
1603         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1604         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1605
1606         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1607         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1608                 int err = errno;
1609                 closesocket(s2);
1610                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1611                         strerror(err));
1612         }
1613         return sockfd2;
1614 }
1615
1616 #undef rename
1617 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1618 {
1619         DWORD attrs, gle;
1620         int tries = 0;
1621         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1622         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1623                 return -1;
1624
1625         /*
1626          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1627          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1628          */
1629         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1630                 return 0;
1631         if (errno != EEXIST)
1632                 return -1;
1633 repeat:
1634         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1635                 return 0;
1636         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1637         gle = GetLastError();
1638         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1639             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1640                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1641                         errno = EISDIR;
1642                         return -1;
1643                 }
1644                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1645                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1646                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1647                                 return 0;
1648                         gle = GetLastError();
1649                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1650                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1651                 }
1652         }
1653         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1654                 /*
1655                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1656                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1657                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1658                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1659                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1660                  */
1661                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1662                 tries++;
1663                 goto repeat;
1664         }
1665         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1666                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1667                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1668                 goto repeat;
1669
1670         errno = EACCES;
1671         return -1;
1672 }
1673
1674 /*
1675  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1676  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1677  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1678  */
1679 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1680 {
1681         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1682         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1683         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1684 }
1685
1686 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1687 {
1688         static char user_name[100];
1689         static struct passwd p;
1690
1691         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1692         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1693                 return NULL;
1694         p.pw_name = user_name;
1695         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1696         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1697         return &p;
1698 }
1699
1700 static HANDLE timer_event;
1701 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1702 static int timer_interval;
1703 static int one_shot;
1704 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1705
1706 /* The timer works like this:
1707  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1708  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1709  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1710  * state.
1711  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1712  * length to call the signal handler.
1713  */
1714
1715 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1716 {
1717         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1718                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1719                 if (one_shot)
1720                         break;
1721         }
1722         return 0;
1723 }
1724
1725 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1726 {
1727         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1728         if (timer_event) {
1729                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1730                 if (!timer_thread )
1731                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1732                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1733         } else
1734                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1735                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1736         return 0;
1737 }
1738
1739 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1740 {
1741         if (timer_event)
1742                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1743         if (timer_thread) {
1744                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1745                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1746                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1747                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1748                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1749                               GetLastError());
1750                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1751         }
1752         if (timer_event)
1753                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1754         timer_event = NULL;
1755         timer_thread = NULL;
1756 }
1757
1758 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1759 {
1760         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1761 }
1762
1763 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1764 {
1765         static const struct timeval zero;
1766         static int atexit_done;
1767
1768         if (out != NULL)
1769                 return errno = EINVAL,
1770                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1771         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1772             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1773                 return errno = EINVAL,
1774                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1775
1776         if (timer_thread)
1777                 stop_timer_thread();
1778
1779         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1780             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1781                 return 0;
1782
1783         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1784         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1785         if (!atexit_done) {
1786                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1787                 atexit_done = 1;
1788         }
1789         return start_timer_thread();
1790 }
1791
1792 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1793 {
1794         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1795                 return errno = EINVAL,
1796                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1797         if (out != NULL)
1798                 return errno = EINVAL,
1799                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1800
1801         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1802         return 0;
1803 }
1804
1805 #undef signal
1806 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1807 {
1808         sig_handler_t old;
1809
1810         switch (sig) {
1811         case SIGALRM:
1812                 old = timer_fn;
1813                 timer_fn = handler;
1814                 break;
1815
1816         case SIGINT:
1817                 old = sigint_fn;
1818                 sigint_fn = handler;
1819                 break;
1820
1821         default:
1822                 return signal(sig, handler);
1823         }
1824
1825         return old;
1826 }
1827
1828 #undef raise
1829 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1830 {
1831         switch (sig) {
1832         case SIGALRM:
1833                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1834                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1835                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1836                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1837                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1838                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1839                 return 0;
1840
1841         case SIGINT:
1842                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1843                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1844                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1845                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1846                 return 0;
1847
1848         default:
1849                 return raise(sig);
1850         }
1851 }
1852
1853
1854 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1855 {
1856         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1857         char *c;
1858
1859         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1860                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1861
1862         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1863                 if (*c == '/')
1864                         *c = '\\';
1865         }
1866         return buf;
1867 }
1868
1869 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1870 {
1871         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1872         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1873                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1874         T ShellExecute;
1875         HMODULE shell32;
1876         int r;
1877
1878         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1879         if (!shell32)
1880                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1881         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1882         if (!ShellExecute)
1883                 die("cannot run browser");
1884
1885         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1886         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1887         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1888         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1889         if (r <= 32) {
1890                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1891         }
1892 }
1893
1894 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1895 {
1896         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1897         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1898         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1899         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1900                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1901                 return -1;
1902
1903         if (!create_hard_link) {
1904                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1905                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1906                 if (!create_hard_link)
1907                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1908         }
1909         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1910                 errno = ENOSYS;
1911                 return -1;
1912         }
1913         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1914                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1915                 return -1;
1916         }
1917         return 0;
1918 }
1919
1920 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1921 {
1922         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1923             FALSE, pid);
1924         if (!h) {
1925                 errno = ECHILD;
1926                 return -1;
1927         }
1928
1929         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1930                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1931                         CloseHandle(h);
1932                         return 0;
1933                 }
1934                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1935         }
1936
1937         if (options == 0) {
1938                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1939                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1940                         CloseHandle(h);
1941                         return 0;
1942                 }
1943
1944                 if (status)
1945                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1946
1947                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1948
1949                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1950                 while (*ppinfo) {
1951                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1952                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1953                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1954                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1955                                 free(info);
1956                                 break;
1957                         }
1958                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1959                 }
1960
1961                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1962
1963                 CloseHandle(h);
1964                 return pid;
1965         }
1966         CloseHandle(h);
1967
1968         errno = EINVAL;
1969         return -1;
1970 }
1971
1972 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
1973 {
1974         int offset = 0;
1975         if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
1976                 offset = 2;
1977
1978         /* unc paths */
1979         else if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
1980
1981                 /* skip server name */
1982                 char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
1983                 if (!pos)
1984                         return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
1985
1986                 do {
1987                         pos++;
1988                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
1989
1990                 offset = pos - path;
1991         }
1992
1993         return offset + is_dir_sep(path[offset]);
1994 }
1995
1996 const char *get_windows_home_directory(void)
1997 {
1998         static const char *home_directory = NULL;
1999         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
2000
2001         if (home_directory)
2002                 return home_directory;
2003
2004         home_directory = getenv("HOME");
2005         if (home_directory && *home_directory)
2006                 return home_directory;
2007
2008         strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/%s", getenv("HOMEDRIVE"), getenv("HOMEPATH"));
2009         home_directory = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
2010
2011         return home_directory;
2012 }
2013
2014 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
2015 {
2016         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
2017         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
2018         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
2019                 errno = EINVAL;
2020                 return -1;
2021         }
2022         /* reserve space for \0 */
2023         wcslen--;
2024         if (utflen < 0)
2025                 utflen = INT_MAX;
2026
2027         while (upos < utflen) {
2028                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
2029                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
2030                         break;
2031
2032                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
2033                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2034                         errno = ERANGE;
2035                         return -1;
2036                 }
2037
2038                 if (c < 0x80) {
2039                         /* ASCII */
2040                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2041                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
2042                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2043                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
2044                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
2045                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2046                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2047                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
2048                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
2049                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2050                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2051                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
2052                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
2053                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2054                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2055                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2056                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
2057                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
2058                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2059                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2060                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2061                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2062                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2063                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2064                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2065                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2066                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2067                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2068                         c -= 0x10000;
2069                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2070                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2071                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2072                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2073                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2074                 } else {
2075                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2076                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2077                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2078                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2079                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2080                 }
2081         }
2082         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2083         return wpos;
2084 }
2085
2086 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2087 {
2088         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2089                 errno = EINVAL;
2090                 return -1;
2091         }
2092         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2093         if (utflen)
2094                 return utflen - 1;
2095         errno = ERANGE;
2096         return -1;
2097 }
2098
2099 /*
2100  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2101  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2102  */
2103 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2104
2105 typedef struct {
2106         int newmode;
2107 } _startupinfo;
2108
2109 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2110                 _startupinfo *si);
2111
2112 static NORETURN void die_startup()
2113 {
2114         fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2115         exit(128);
2116 }
2117
2118 static void *malloc_startup(size_t size)
2119 {
2120         void *result = malloc(size);
2121         if (!result)
2122                 die_startup();
2123         return result;
2124 }
2125
2126 static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
2127 {
2128         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wcs, len) + 1;
2129         return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
2130 }
2131
2132 void mingw_startup()
2133 {
2134         int i, maxlen, argc;
2135         char *buffer;
2136         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2137         _startupinfo si;
2138
2139         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2140         si.newmode = 0;
2141         if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2142                 die_startup();
2143
2144         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2145         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2146         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2147                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2148         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2149                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2150
2151         /*
2152          * nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment
2153          * list. Note that xmalloc / xmemdupz etc. call getenv, so we cannot
2154          * use it while initializing the environment itself.
2155          */
2156         environ_size = i + 1;
2157         environ_alloc = alloc_nr(environ_size * sizeof(char*));
2158         environ = malloc_startup(environ_alloc);
2159
2160         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2161         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2162         buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
2163
2164         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2165         __argv[0] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2166         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2167                 __argv[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2168         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2169                 environ[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2170         environ[i] = NULL;
2171         free(buffer);
2172
2173         /* sort environment for O(log n) getenv / putenv */
2174         qsort(environ, i, sizeof(char*), compareenv);
2175
2176         /* fix Windows specific environment settings */
2177
2178         /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
2179         if (!getenv("TMPDIR")) {
2180                 const char *tmp = getenv("TMP");
2181                 if (!tmp)
2182                         tmp = getenv("TEMP");
2183                 if (tmp)
2184                         setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
2185         }
2186
2187         /* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
2188         if (!getenv("TERM"))
2189                 setenv("TERM", "winansi", 1);
2190
2191         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2192         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2193
2194         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2195         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2196         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2197         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2198         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2199
2200         /* initialize Unicode console */
2201         winansi_init();
2202 }