compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7 #include "../cache.h"
   8
   9 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  10
  11 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  12 {
  13         int error = ENOSYS;
  14         switch(winerr) {
  15         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  16         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  17         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  19         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  20         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  21         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  31         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  32         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  33         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  35         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  36         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  42         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  43         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  44         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  45         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  46         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  47         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  48         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  49         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  50         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  51         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  55         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  56         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  57         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  58         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  76         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  77         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  78         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  79         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  81         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  82         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  83         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  84         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  85         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  86         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  87         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  88         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  90         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  94         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  95         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  97         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  98         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
  99         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 100         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 101         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 106         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 107         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 108         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 109         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 110         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 111         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 112         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 113         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 114         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 115         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 116         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 117         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 118         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 119         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 120         }
 121         return error;
 122 }
 123
 124 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 125 {
 126         switch (errcode) {
 127         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 128         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 129                 return 1;
 130         }
 131
 132         return 0;
 133 }
 134
 135 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 136 {
 137         char answer[1024];
 138
 139         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 140                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 141                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 142
 143                 /* remove the newline */
 144                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 145                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 146                         got_full_line = 1;
 147                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 148                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 149                         got_full_line = 1;
 150                 }
 151                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 152                 if (!got_full_line)
 153                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 154                                 ;
 155         } else
 156                 /* we could not read, return the
 157                  * default answer which is no */
 158                 return 0;
 159
 160         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 161                 return 1;
 162         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 163                 return 1;
 164         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 165                 return 0;
 166         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 167                 return 0;
 168
 169         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 170         return -1;
 171 }
 172
 173 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 174 {
 175         char question[4096];
 176         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 177         va_list args;
 178
 179         va_start(args, format);
 180         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 181         va_end(args);
 182
 183         if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 184                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 185                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 186         }
 187
 188         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 189                 return 0;
 190
 191         while (1) {
 192                 int answer;
 193                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 194
 195                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 196                         return answer;
 197
 198                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 199                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 200         }
 201 }
 202
 203 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 204 {
 205         int ret, tries = 0;
 206         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 207         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 208                 return -1;
 209
 210         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 211         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 212         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 213                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 214                         break;
 215                 /*
 216                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 217                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 218                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 219                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 220                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 221                  */
 222                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 223                 tries++;
 224         }
 225         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 226                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 227                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 228                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 229         return ret;
 230 }
 231
 232 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 233 {
 234         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 235         HANDLE handle;
 236         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 237         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 238         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 239         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 240         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 241                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 242
 243         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 244                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 245                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 246                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 247                         FindClose(handle);
 248                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 249                 }
 250         FindClose(handle);
 251         return 0;
 252 }
 253
 254 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 255 {
 256         int ret, tries = 0;
 257         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 258         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 259                 return -1;
 260
 261         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 262                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 263                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 264                 if (errno != EACCES)
 265                         break;
 266                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 267                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 268                         break;
 269                 }
 270                 /*
 271                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 272                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 273                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 274                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 275                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 276                  */
 277                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 278                 tries++;
 279         }
 280         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 281                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 282                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 283                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 284         return ret;
 285 }
 286
 287 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 288 {
 289         int ret;
 290         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 291         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 292                 return -1;
 293         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 294         return ret;
 295 }
 296
 297 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 298 {
 299         va_list args;
 300         unsigned mode;
 301         int fd;
 302         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 303
 304         va_start(args, oflags);
 305         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 306         va_end(args);
 307
 308         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 309                 filename = "nul";
 310
 311         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 312                 return -1;
 313         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 314
 315         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 316                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 317                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 318                         errno = EISDIR;
 319         }
 320         return fd;
 321 }
 322
 323 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 324 {
 325         return TRUE;
 326 }
 327
 328 #undef fgetc
 329 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 330 {
 331         int ch;
 332         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 333                 return fgetc(stream);
 334
 335         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 336         while (1) {
 337                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 338                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 339                         break;
 340
 341                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 342                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 343         }
 344         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 345         return ch;
 346 }
 347
 348 #undef fopen
 349 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 350 {
 351         FILE *file;
 352         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 353         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 354                 filename = "nul";
 355         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 356                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 357                 return NULL;
 358         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 359         return file;
 360 }
 361
 362 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 363 {
 364         FILE *file;
 365         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 366         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 367                 filename = "nul";
 368         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 369                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 370                 return NULL;
 371         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 372         return file;
 373 }
 374
 375 #undef fflush
 376 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 377 {
 378         int ret = fflush(stream);
 379
 380         /*
 381          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 382          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 383          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 384          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 385          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 386          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 387          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 388          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 389          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 390          */
 391         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 392                 errno = EPIPE;
 393
 394         return ret;
 395 }
 396
 397 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 398 {
 399         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 400         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 401                 return -1;
 402         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 403         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 404 }
 405
 406 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 407 {
 408         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 409         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 410                 return -1;
 411         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 412 }
 413
 414 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 415 {
 416         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 417         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 418                 return -1;
 419         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 420 }
 421
 422 /*
 423  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 424  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 425  */
 426 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 427 {
 428         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 429         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 430         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 431 }
 432
 433 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 434 {
 435         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 436 }
 437
 438 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 439  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 440  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 441  *
 442  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 443  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 444  */
 445 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 446 {
 447         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 448         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 449         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 450                 return -1;
 451
 452         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 453                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 454                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 455                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 456                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 457                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 458                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 459                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 460                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 461                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 462                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 463                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 464                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 465                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 466                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 467                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 468                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 469                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 470                                         if (follow) {
 471                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 472                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 473                                         } else {
 474                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 475                                         }
 476                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 477                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 478                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 479                                 }
 480                                 FindClose(handle);
 481                         }
 482                 }
 483                 return 0;
 484         }
 485         switch (GetLastError()) {
 486         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 487         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 488         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 489         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 490                 errno = EACCES;
 491                 break;
 492         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 493                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 494                 break;
 495         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 496                 errno = ENOMEM;
 497                 break;
 498         default:
 499                 errno = ENOENT;
 500                 break;
 501         }
 502         return -1;
 503 }
 504
 505 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 506  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 507  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 508  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 509  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 510  */
 511 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 512 {
 513         int namelen;
 514         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 515
 516         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 517                 return 0;
 518
 519         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 520          * try again without trailing slashes
 521          */
 522         if (errno != ENOENT)
 523                 return -1;
 524
 525         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 526         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 527                 return -1;
 528         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 529                 --namelen;
 530         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 531                 return -1;
 532
 533         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 534         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 535         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 536 }
 537
 538 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 539 {
 540         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 541 }
 542 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 543 {
 544         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 545 }
 546
 547 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 548 {
 549         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 550         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 551
 552         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 553                 errno = EBADF;
 554                 return -1;
 555         }
 556         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 557         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 558                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 559
 560         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 561                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 562                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 563                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 564                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 565                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 566                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 567                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 568                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 569                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 570                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 571                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 572                 return 0;
 573         }
 574         errno = EBADF;
 575         return -1;
 576 }
 577
 578 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 579 {
 580         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 581         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 582         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 583 }
 584
 585 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 586 {
 587         FILETIME mft, aft;
 588         int fh, rc;
 589         DWORD attrs;
 590         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 591         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 592                 return -1;
 593
 594         /* must have write permission */
 595         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 596         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 597             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 598                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 599                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 600         }
 601
 602         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 603                 rc = -1;
 604                 goto revert_attrs;
 605         }
 606
 607         if (times) {
 608                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 609                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 610         } else {
 611                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 612                 aft = mft;
 613         }
 614         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 615                 errno = EINVAL;
 616                 rc = -1;
 617         } else
 618                 rc = 0;
 619         close(fh);
 620
 621 revert_attrs:
 622         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 623             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 624                 /* ignore errors again */
 625                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 626         }
 627         return rc;
 628 }
 629
 630 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 631 {
 632         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 633         return 0;
 634 }
 635
 636 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 637 {
 638         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 639         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 640                 return NULL;
 641         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 642                 return NULL;
 643         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 644                 return NULL;
 645         return template;
 646 }
 647
 648 int mkstemp(char *template)
 649 {
 650         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 651         if (filename == NULL)
 652                 return -1;
 653         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 654 }
 655
 656 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 657 {
 658         FILETIME ft;
 659         long long hnsec;
 660
 661         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 662         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 663         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 664         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 665         return 0;
 666 }
 667
 668 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 669 {
 670         HANDLE h[2];
 671
 672         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 673         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 674                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 675                 return -1;
 676         }
 677         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 678         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 679                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 680                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 681                 return -1;
 682         }
 683         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 684         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 685                 close(filedes[0]);
 686                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 687                 return -1;
 688         }
 689         return 0;
 690 }
 691
 692 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 693 {
 694         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 695         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 696         return result;
 697 }
 698
 699 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 700 {
 701         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 702         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 703         return result;
 704 }
 705
 706 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 707 {
 708         int i;
 709         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 710         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 711                 return NULL;
 712         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 713                 return NULL;
 714         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 715                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 716                         pointer[i] = '/';
 717         return pointer;
 718 }
 719
 720 /*
 721  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 722  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 723  */
 724 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 725 {
 726         /* count chars to quote */
 727         int len = 0, n = 0;
 728         int force_quotes = 0;
 729         char *q, *d;
 730         const char *p = arg;
 731         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 732         while (*p) {
 733                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 734                         force_quotes = 1;
 735                 else if (*p == '"')
 736                         n++;
 737                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 738                         int count = 0;
 739                         while (*p == '\\') {
 740                                 count++;
 741                                 p++;
 742                                 len++;
 743                         }
 744                         if (*p == '"')
 745                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 746                         continue;
 747                 }
 748                 len++;
 749                 p++;
 750         }
 751         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 752                 return arg;
 753
 754         /* insert \ where necessary */
 755         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 756         *d++ = '"';
 757         while (*arg) {
 758                 if (*arg == '"')
 759                         *d++ = '\\';
 760                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 761                         int count = 0;
 762                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 763                                 count++;
 764                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 765                         }
 766                         if (*arg == '"') {
 767                                 while (count-- > 0)
 768                                         *d++ = '\\';
 769                                 *d++ = '\\';
 770                         }
 771                 }
 772                 *d++ = *arg++;
 773         }
 774         *d++ = '"';
 775         *d++ = 0;
 776         return q;
 777 }
 778
 779 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 780 {
 781         static char buf[100];
 782         char *p, *opt;
 783         int n, fd;
 784
 785         /* don't even try a .exe */
 786         n = strlen(cmd);
 787         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 788                 return NULL;
 789
 790         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 791         if (fd < 0)
 792                 return NULL;
 793         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 794         close(fd);
 795         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 796                 return NULL;
 797
 798         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 799                 return NULL;
 800         buf[n] = '\0';
 801         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 802         if (!*p)
 803                 return NULL;
 804
 805         *p = '\0';
 806         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 807                 return NULL;
 808         /* strip options */
 809         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 810                 *opt = '\0';
 811         return p+1;
 812 }
 813
 814 /*
 815  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 816  */
 817 static char **get_path_split(void)
 818 {
 819         char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
 820         int i, n = 0;
 821
 822         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 823                 return NULL;
 824
 825         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 826         p = envpath;
 827         while (p) {
 828                 char *dir = p;
 829                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 830                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 831                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 832                         ++n;
 833                 }
 834         }
 835         if (!n)
 836                 return NULL;
 837
 838         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 839         p = envpath;
 840         i = 0;
 841         do {
 842                 if (*p)
 843                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 844                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 845         } while (i < n);
 846         path[i] = NULL;
 847
 848         free(envpath);
 849
 850         return path;
 851 }
 852
 853 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 854 {
 855         char **p = path;
 856
 857         if (!path)
 858                 return;
 859
 860         while (*p)
 861                 free(*p++);
 862         free(path);
 863 }
 864
 865 /*
 866  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 867  * (which do not have an extension)
 868  */
 869 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 870 {
 871         char path[MAX_PATH];
 872         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 873
 874         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 875                 return xstrdup(path);
 876         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 877         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 878                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 879                         return xstrdup(path);
 880         return NULL;
 881 }
 882
 883 /*
 884  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 885  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 886  */
 887 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 888 {
 889         char *prog = NULL;
 890         int len = strlen(cmd);
 891         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 892
 893         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 894                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 895
 896         while (!prog && *path)
 897                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 898
 899         return prog;
 900 }
 901
 902 static int compareenv(const void *a, const void *b)
 903 {
 904         char *const *ea = a;
 905         char *const *eb = b;
 906         return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
 907 }
 908
 909 struct pinfo_t {
 910         struct pinfo_t *next;
 911         pid_t pid;
 912         HANDLE proc;
 913 };
 914 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
 915 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
 916
 917 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 918                               const char *dir,
 919                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 920 {
 921         STARTUPINFOW si;
 922         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 923         struct strbuf args;
 924         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
 925         unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
 926         BOOL ret;
 927
 928         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
 929         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
 930                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
 931                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 932         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 933                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
 934                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
 935                  * would normally create a console window. But
 936                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
 937                  * not need the console.
 938                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
 939                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
 940                  * recognize that it has no console.
 941                  */
 942                 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
 943         } else {
 944                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
 945                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
 946                  * disassociate the child from the console.
 947                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
 948                  * Go figure!
 949                  */
 950                 CloseHandle(cons);
 951         }
 952         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
 953         si.cb = sizeof(si);
 954         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
 955         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
 956         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
 957         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
 958
 959         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
 960                 return -1;
 961         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
 962                 return -1;
 963
 964         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
 965         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
 966         if (prepend_cmd) {
 967                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
 968                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 969                 if (quoted != cmd)
 970                         free(quoted);
 971         }
 972         for (; *argv; argv++) {
 973                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
 974                 if (*args.buf)
 975                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
 976                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 977                 if (quoted != *argv)
 978                         free(quoted);
 979         }
 980
 981         wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
 982         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
 983         strbuf_release(&args);
 984
 985         if (env) {
 986                 int count = 0;
 987                 char **e, **sorted_env;
 988                 int size = 0, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
 989
 990                 for (e = env; *e; e++)
 991                         count++;
 992
 993                 /* environment must be sorted */
 994                 sorted_env = xmalloc(sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 995                 memcpy(sorted_env, env, sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 996                 qsort(sorted_env, count, sizeof(*sorted_env), compareenv);
 997
 998                 /* create environment block from temporary environment */
 999                 for (e = sorted_env; *e; e++) {
1000                         size = 2 * strlen(*e) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
1001                         ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
1002                         wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], *e, size) + 1;
1003                 }
1004                 /* add final \0 terminator */
1005                 wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
1006                 free(sorted_env);
1007         }
1008
1009         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1010         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1011                 wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1012
1013         free(wenvblk);
1014         free(wargs);
1015
1016         if (!ret) {
1017                 errno = ENOENT;
1018                 return -1;
1019         }
1020         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1021
1022         /*
1023          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1024          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1025          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1026          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1027          * handle after the process terminated.
1028          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1029          */
1030         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1031         {
1032                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1033                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1034                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1035                 info->next = pinfo;
1036                 pinfo = info;
1037         }
1038         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1039
1040         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1041 }
1042
1043 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1044 {
1045         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, environ, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1046 }
1047
1048 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
1049                      const char *dir,
1050                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1051 {
1052         pid_t pid;
1053         char **path = get_path_split();
1054         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1055
1056         if (!prog) {
1057                 errno = ENOENT;
1058                 pid = -1;
1059         }
1060         else {
1061                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1062
1063                 if (interpr) {
1064                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1065                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1066                         argv[0] = prog;
1067                         if (!iprog) {
1068                                 errno = ENOENT;
1069                                 pid = -1;
1070                         }
1071                         else {
1072                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, env, dir, 1,
1073                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1074                                 free(iprog);
1075                         }
1076                         argv[0] = argv0;
1077                 }
1078                 else
1079                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, env, dir, 0,
1080                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1081                 free(prog);
1082         }
1083         free_path_split(path);
1084         return pid;
1085 }
1086
1087 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1088 {
1089         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1090         char **path;
1091         char *prog;
1092         int pid = 0;
1093
1094         if (!interpr)
1095                 return 0;
1096         path = get_path_split();
1097         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1098         if (prog) {
1099                 int argc = 0;
1100                 const char **argv2;
1101                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1102                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1103                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1104                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1105                 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1106                 if (pid >= 0) {
1107                         int status;
1108                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1109                                 status = 255;
1110                         exit(status);
1111                 }
1112                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1113                 free(prog);
1114                 free(argv2);
1115         }
1116         free_path_split(path);
1117         return pid;
1118 }
1119
1120 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1121 {
1122         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1123         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1124                 int pid, status;
1125
1126                 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1127                 if (pid < 0)
1128                         return -1;
1129                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1130                         status = 255;
1131                 exit(status);
1132         }
1133         return -1;
1134 }
1135
1136 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1137 {
1138         char **path = get_path_split();
1139         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1140
1141         if (prog) {
1142                 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1143                 free(prog);
1144         } else
1145                 errno = ENOENT;
1146
1147         free_path_split(path);
1148         return -1;
1149 }
1150
1151 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1152 {
1153         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1154                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1155
1156                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1157                         CloseHandle(h);
1158                         return 0;
1159                 }
1160
1161                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1162                 CloseHandle(h);
1163                 return -1;
1164         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1165                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1166                 if (h) {
1167                         CloseHandle(h);
1168                         return 0;
1169                 }
1170         }
1171
1172         errno = EINVAL;
1173         return -1;
1174 }
1175
1176 static char **copy_environ(void)
1177 {
1178         char **env;
1179         int i = 0;
1180         while (environ[i])
1181                 i++;
1182         env = xmalloc((i+1)*sizeof(*env));
1183         for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
1184                 env[i] = xstrdup(environ[i]);
1185         env[i] = NULL;
1186         return env;
1187 }
1188
1189 void free_environ(char **env)
1190 {
1191         int i;
1192         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1193                 free(env[i]);
1194         free(env);
1195 }
1196
1197 static int lookupenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
1198 {
1199         int i;
1200
1201         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++) {
1202                 if (!strncasecmp(env[i], name, nmln) && '=' == env[i][nmln])
1203                         /* matches */
1204                         return i;
1205         }
1206         return -1;
1207 }
1208
1209 /*
1210  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1211  */
1212 static char **do_putenv(char **env, const char *name)
1213 {
1214         char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
1215         int i = lookupenv(env, name, eq-name);
1216
1217         if (i < 0) {
1218                 if (*eq) {
1219                         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1220                                 ;
1221                         env = xrealloc(env, (i+2)*sizeof(*env));
1222                         env[i] = (char*) name;
1223                         env[i+1] = NULL;
1224                 }
1225         }
1226         else {
1227                 free(env[i]);
1228                 if (*eq)
1229                         env[i] = (char*) name;
1230                 else
1231                         for (; env[i]; i++)
1232                                 env[i] = env[i+1];
1233         }
1234         return env;
1235 }
1236
1237 /*
1238  * Copies global environ and adjusts variables as specified by vars.
1239  */
1240 char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars)
1241 {
1242         char **env = copy_environ();
1243
1244         while (*vars) {
1245                 const char *v = *vars++;
1246                 env = do_putenv(env, strchr(v, '=') ? xstrdup(v) : v);
1247         }
1248         return env;
1249 }
1250
1251 #undef getenv
1252 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1253 {
1254         char *result = getenv(name);
1255         if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
1256                 /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
1257                 result = getenv("TMP");
1258                 if (!result)
1259                         result = getenv("TEMP");
1260         }
1261         return result;
1262 }
1263
1264 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1265 {
1266         environ = do_putenv(environ, namevalue);
1267         return 0;
1268 }
1269
1270 /*
1271  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1272  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1273  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1274  * if one was found.
1275  */
1276 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1277                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1278                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1279 {
1280         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1281         struct addrinfo *ai;
1282         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1283
1284         if (node) {
1285                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1286                 if (!h)
1287                         return WSAGetLastError();
1288         }
1289
1290         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1291         *res = ai;
1292         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1293         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1294         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1295         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1296         case SOCK_STREAM:
1297                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1298                 break;
1299         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1300                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1301                 break;
1302         default:
1303                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1304                 break;
1305         }
1306         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1307         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1308                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1309         else
1310                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1311
1312         sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1313         memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1314         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1315         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1316          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1317          * currently not implemented */
1318         if (service)
1319                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1320         if (h)
1321                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1322         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1323                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1324         else
1325                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1326         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1327         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1328         return 0;
1329 }
1330
1331 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1332 {
1333         free(res->ai_canonname);
1334         free(res->ai_addr);
1335         free(res);
1336 }
1337
1338 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1339                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1340                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1341 {
1342         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1343         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1344                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1345         if (!host && !serv)
1346                 return EAI_NONAME;
1347
1348         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1349                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1350                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1351                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1352                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1353
1354                 if (ent)
1355                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1356                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1357                         return EAI_NONAME;
1358                 else
1359                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1360         }
1361
1362         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1363                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1364                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1365                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1366                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1367
1368                 if (ent)
1369                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1370                 else
1371                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1372         }
1373
1374         return 0;
1375 }
1376
1377 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1378 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1379 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1380                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1381                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1382 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1383                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1384                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1385 /*
1386  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1387  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1388  */
1389
1390 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1391 {
1392         WSACleanup();
1393         if (ipv6_dll)
1394                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1395         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1396         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1397         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1398         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1399 }
1400
1401 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1402 {
1403         WSADATA wsa;
1404         static int initialized = 0;
1405         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1406         const char **name;
1407
1408         if (initialized)
1409                 return;
1410
1411         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1412                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1413                         WSAGetLastError());
1414
1415         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1416                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1417                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1418                         continue;
1419
1420                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1421                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1422                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1423                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1424                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1425                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1426                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1427                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1428                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1429                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1430                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1431                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1432                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1433                 } else
1434                         break;
1435         }
1436         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1437                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1438                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1439                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1440         }
1441
1442         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1443         initialized = 1;
1444 }
1445
1446 #undef gethostname
1447 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1448 {
1449     ensure_socket_initialization();
1450     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1451 }
1452
1453 #undef gethostbyname
1454 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1455 {
1456         ensure_socket_initialization();
1457         return gethostbyname(host);
1458 }
1459
1460 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1461 {
1462         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1463 }
1464
1465 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1466                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1467 {
1468         ensure_socket_initialization();
1469         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1470 }
1471
1472 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1473                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1474                       int flags)
1475 {
1476         ensure_socket_initialization();
1477         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1478 }
1479
1480 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1481 {
1482         int sockfd;
1483         SOCKET s;
1484
1485         ensure_socket_initialization();
1486         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1487         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1488                 /*
1489                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1490                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1491                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1492                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1493                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1494                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1495                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1496                  */
1497                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1498                 return -1;
1499         }
1500         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1501         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1502                 closesocket(s);
1503                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1504                         strerror(errno));
1505         }
1506         return sockfd;
1507 }
1508
1509 #undef connect
1510 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1511 {
1512         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1513         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1514 }
1515
1516 #undef bind
1517 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1518 {
1519         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1520         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1521 }
1522
1523 #undef setsockopt
1524 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1525 {
1526         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1527         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1528 }
1529
1530 #undef shutdown
1531 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1532 {
1533         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1534         return shutdown(s, how);
1535 }
1536
1537 #undef listen
1538 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1539 {
1540         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1541         return listen(s, backlog);
1542 }
1543
1544 #undef accept
1545 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1546 {
1547         int sockfd2;
1548
1549         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1550         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1551
1552         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1553         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1554                 int err = errno;
1555                 closesocket(s2);
1556                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1557                         strerror(err));
1558         }
1559         return sockfd2;
1560 }
1561
1562 #undef rename
1563 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1564 {
1565         DWORD attrs, gle;
1566         int tries = 0;
1567         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1568         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1569                 return -1;
1570
1571         /*
1572          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1573          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1574          */
1575         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1576                 return 0;
1577         if (errno != EEXIST)
1578                 return -1;
1579 repeat:
1580         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1581                 return 0;
1582         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1583         gle = GetLastError();
1584         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1585             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1586                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1587                         errno = EISDIR;
1588                         return -1;
1589                 }
1590                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1591                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1592                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1593                                 return 0;
1594                         gle = GetLastError();
1595                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1596                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1597                 }
1598         }
1599         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1600                 /*
1601                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1602                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1603                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1604                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1605                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1606                  */
1607                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1608                 tries++;
1609                 goto repeat;
1610         }
1611         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1612                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1613                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1614                 goto repeat;
1615
1616         errno = EACCES;
1617         return -1;
1618 }
1619
1620 /*
1621  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1622  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1623  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1624  */
1625 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1626 {
1627         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1628         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1629         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1630 }
1631
1632 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1633 {
1634         static char user_name[100];
1635         static struct passwd p;
1636
1637         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1638         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1639                 return NULL;
1640         p.pw_name = user_name;
1641         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1642         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1643         return &p;
1644 }
1645
1646 static HANDLE timer_event;
1647 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1648 static int timer_interval;
1649 static int one_shot;
1650 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1651
1652 /* The timer works like this:
1653  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1654  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1655  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1656  * state.
1657  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1658  * length to call the signal handler.
1659  */
1660
1661 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1662 {
1663         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1664                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1665                 if (one_shot)
1666                         break;
1667         }
1668         return 0;
1669 }
1670
1671 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1672 {
1673         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1674         if (timer_event) {
1675                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1676                 if (!timer_thread )
1677                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1678                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1679         } else
1680                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1681                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1682         return 0;
1683 }
1684
1685 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1686 {
1687         if (timer_event)
1688                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1689         if (timer_thread) {
1690                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1691                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1692                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1693                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1694                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1695                               GetLastError());
1696                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1697         }
1698         if (timer_event)
1699                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1700         timer_event = NULL;
1701         timer_thread = NULL;
1702 }
1703
1704 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1705 {
1706         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1707 }
1708
1709 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1710 {
1711         static const struct timeval zero;
1712         static int atexit_done;
1713
1714         if (out != NULL)
1715                 return errno = EINVAL,
1716                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1717         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1718             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1719                 return errno = EINVAL,
1720                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1721
1722         if (timer_thread)
1723                 stop_timer_thread();
1724
1725         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1726             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1727                 return 0;
1728
1729         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1730         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1731         if (!atexit_done) {
1732                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1733                 atexit_done = 1;
1734         }
1735         return start_timer_thread();
1736 }
1737
1738 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1739 {
1740         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1741                 return errno = EINVAL,
1742                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1743         if (out != NULL)
1744                 return errno = EINVAL,
1745                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1746
1747         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1748         return 0;
1749 }
1750
1751 #undef signal
1752 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1753 {
1754         sig_handler_t old;
1755
1756         switch (sig) {
1757         case SIGALRM:
1758                 old = timer_fn;
1759                 timer_fn = handler;
1760                 break;
1761
1762         case SIGINT:
1763                 old = sigint_fn;
1764                 sigint_fn = handler;
1765                 break;
1766
1767         default:
1768                 return signal(sig, handler);
1769         }
1770
1771         return old;
1772 }
1773
1774 #undef raise
1775 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1776 {
1777         switch (sig) {
1778         case SIGALRM:
1779                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1780                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1781                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1782                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1783                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1784                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1785                 return 0;
1786
1787         case SIGINT:
1788                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1789                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1790                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1791                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1792                 return 0;
1793
1794         default:
1795                 return raise(sig);
1796         }
1797 }
1798
1799
1800 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1801 {
1802         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1803         char *c;
1804
1805         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1806                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1807
1808         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1809                 if (*c == '/')
1810                         *c = '\\';
1811         }
1812         return buf;
1813 }
1814
1815 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1816 {
1817         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1818         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1819                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1820         T ShellExecute;
1821         HMODULE shell32;
1822         int r;
1823
1824         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1825         if (!shell32)
1826                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1827         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1828         if (!ShellExecute)
1829                 die("cannot run browser");
1830
1831         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1832         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1833         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1834         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1835         if (r <= 32) {
1836                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1837         }
1838 }
1839
1840 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1841 {
1842         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1843         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1844         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1845         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1846                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1847                 return -1;
1848
1849         if (!create_hard_link) {
1850                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1851                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1852                 if (!create_hard_link)
1853                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1854         }
1855         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1856                 errno = ENOSYS;
1857                 return -1;
1858         }
1859         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1860                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1861                 return -1;
1862         }
1863         return 0;
1864 }
1865
1866 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1867 {
1868         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1869             FALSE, pid);
1870         if (!h) {
1871                 errno = ECHILD;
1872                 return -1;
1873         }
1874
1875         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1876                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1877                         CloseHandle(h);
1878                         return 0;
1879                 }
1880                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1881         }
1882
1883         if (options == 0) {
1884                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1885                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1886                         CloseHandle(h);
1887                         return 0;
1888                 }
1889
1890                 if (status)
1891                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1892
1893                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1894
1895                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1896                 while (*ppinfo) {
1897                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1898                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1899                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1900                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1901                                 free(info);
1902                                 break;
1903                         }
1904                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1905                 }
1906
1907                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1908
1909                 CloseHandle(h);
1910                 return pid;
1911         }
1912         CloseHandle(h);
1913
1914         errno = EINVAL;
1915         return -1;
1916 }
1917
1918 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
1919 {
1920         int offset = 0;
1921         if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
1922                 offset = 2;
1923
1924         /* unc paths */
1925         else if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
1926
1927                 /* skip server name */
1928                 char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
1929                 if (!pos)
1930                         return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
1931
1932                 do {
1933                         pos++;
1934                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
1935
1936                 offset = pos - path;
1937         }
1938
1939         return offset + is_dir_sep(path[offset]);
1940 }
1941
1942 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
1943 {
1944         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
1945         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
1946         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
1947                 errno = EINVAL;
1948                 return -1;
1949         }
1950         /* reserve space for \0 */
1951         wcslen--;
1952         if (utflen < 0)
1953                 utflen = INT_MAX;
1954
1955         while (upos < utflen) {
1956                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
1957                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
1958                         break;
1959
1960                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
1961                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
1962                         errno = ERANGE;
1963                         return -1;
1964                 }
1965
1966                 if (c < 0x80) {
1967                         /* ASCII */
1968                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1969                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
1970                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1971                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
1972                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
1973                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1974                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1975                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
1976                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
1977                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1978                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1979                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
1980                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
1981                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
1982                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1983                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1984                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
1985                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
1986                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
1987                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
1988                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1989                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1990                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1991                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
1992                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
1993                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
1994                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
1995                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1996                         c -= 0x10000;
1997                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
1998                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
1999                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2000                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2001                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2002                 } else {
2003                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2004                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2005                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2006                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2007                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2008                 }
2009         }
2010         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2011         return wpos;
2012 }
2013
2014 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2015 {
2016         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2017                 errno = EINVAL;
2018                 return -1;
2019         }
2020         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2021         if (utflen)
2022                 return utflen - 1;
2023         errno = ERANGE;
2024         return -1;
2025 }
2026
2027 /*
2028  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2029  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2030  */
2031 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2032
2033 typedef struct {
2034         int newmode;
2035 } _startupinfo;
2036
2037 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2038                 _startupinfo *si);
2039
2040 static NORETURN void die_startup()
2041 {
2042         fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2043         exit(128);
2044 }
2045
2046 void mingw_startup()
2047 {
2048         int i, len, maxlen, argc;
2049         char *buffer;
2050         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2051         _startupinfo si;
2052
2053         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2054         si.newmode = 0;
2055         if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2056                 die_startup();
2057
2058         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2059         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2060         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2061                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2062         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2063                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2064
2065         /* nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment list */
2066         environ = xcalloc(i + 1, sizeof(char*));
2067
2068         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2069         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2070         buffer = xmalloc(maxlen);
2071
2072         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2073         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2074         __argv[0] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2075         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
2076                 len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2077                 __argv[i] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2078         }
2079         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++) {
2080                 len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2081                 environ[i] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2082         }
2083         free(buffer);
2084
2085         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2086         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2087
2088         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2089         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2090         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2091         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2092         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2093
2094         /* initialize Unicode console */
2095         winansi_init();
2096 }