compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include "../strbuf.h"
   5 #include "../run-command.h"
   6 #include "../cache.h"
   7
   8 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
   9 unsigned int _CRT_fmode = _O_BINARY;
  10
  11 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  12 {
  13         int error = ENOSYS;
  14         switch(winerr) {
  15         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  16         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  17         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  19         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  20         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  21         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  31         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  32         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  33         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  35         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  36         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  42         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  43         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  44         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  45         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  46         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  47         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  48         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  49         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  50         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  51         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  55         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  56         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  57         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  58         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  76         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  77         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  78         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  79         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  81         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  82         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  83         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  84         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  85         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  86         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  87         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  88         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  90         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  94         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  95         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  97         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  98         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
  99         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 100         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 101         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 106         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 107         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 108         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 109         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 110         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 111         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 112         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 113         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 114         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 115         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 116         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 117         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 118         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 119         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 120         }
 121         return error;
 122 }
 123
 124 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 125 {
 126         switch (errcode) {
 127         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 128         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 129                 return 1;
 130         }
 131
 132         return 0;
 133 }
 134
 135 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 136 {
 137         char answer[1024];
 138
 139         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 140                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 141                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 142
 143                 /* remove the newline */
 144                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 145                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 146                         got_full_line = 1;
 147                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 148                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 149                         got_full_line = 1;
 150                 }
 151                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 152                 if (!got_full_line)
 153                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 154                                 ;
 155         } else
 156                 /* we could not read, return the
 157                  * default answer which is no */
 158                 return 0;
 159
 160         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 161                 return 1;
 162         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 163                 return 1;
 164         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 165                 return 0;
 166         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 167                 return 0;
 168
 169         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 170         return -1;
 171 }
 172
 173 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 174 {
 175         char question[4096];
 176         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 177         va_list args;
 178
 179         va_start(args, format);
 180         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 181         va_end(args);
 182
 183         if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 184                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 185                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 186         }
 187
 188         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 189                 return 0;
 190
 191         while (1) {
 192                 int answer;
 193                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 194
 195                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 196                         return answer;
 197
 198                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 199                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 200         }
 201 }
 202
 203 #undef unlink
 204 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 205 {
 206         int ret, tries = 0;
 207
 208         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 209         chmod(pathname, 0666);
 210         while ((ret = unlink(pathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 211                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 212                         break;
 213                 /*
 214                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 215                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 216                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 217                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 218                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 219                  */
 220                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 221                 tries++;
 222         }
 223         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 224                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 225                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 226                ret = unlink(pathname);
 227         return ret;
 228 }
 229
 230 static int is_dir_empty(const char *path)
 231 {
 232         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 233         WIN32_FIND_DATAA findbuf;
 234         HANDLE handle;
 235
 236         strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\\*", path);
 237         handle = FindFirstFileA(buf.buf, &findbuf);
 238         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 239                 strbuf_release(&buf);
 240                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 241         }
 242
 243         while (!strcmp(findbuf.cFileName, ".") ||
 244                         !strcmp(findbuf.cFileName, ".."))
 245                 if (!FindNextFile(handle, &findbuf)) {
 246                         strbuf_release(&buf);
 247                         return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 248                 }
 249         FindClose(handle);
 250         strbuf_release(&buf);
 251         return 0;
 252 }
 253
 254 #undef rmdir
 255 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 256 {
 257         int ret, tries = 0;
 258
 259         while ((ret = rmdir(pathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 260                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 261                         break;
 262                 if (!is_dir_empty(pathname)) {
 263                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 264                         break;
 265                 }
 266                 /*
 267                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 268                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 269                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 270                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 271                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 272                  */
 273                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 274                 tries++;
 275         }
 276         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 277                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 278                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 279                ret = rmdir(pathname);
 280         return ret;
 281 }
 282
 283 static int make_hidden(const char *path)
 284 {
 285         DWORD attribs = GetFileAttributes(path);
 286         if (SetFileAttributes(path, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN | attribs))
 287                 return 0;
 288         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 289         return -1;
 290 }
 291
 292 void mingw_mark_as_git_dir(const char *dir)
 293 {
 294         if (hide_dotfiles != HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE && make_hidden(dir))
 295                 warning("Failed to make '%s' hidden", dir);
 296         git_config_set("core.hideDotFiles",
 297                 hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE ? "false" :
 298                 (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY ?
 299                  "dotGitOnly" : "true"));
 300 }
 301
 302 #undef mkdir
 303 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 304 {
 305         int ret = mkdir(path);
 306         if (!ret && hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 307                 /*
 308                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 309                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 310                  * such a directory is created.
 311                  */
 312                 const char *start = basename((char*)path);
 313                 if (*start == '.')
 314                         return make_hidden(path);
 315         }
 316         return ret;
 317 }
 318
 319 #undef open
 320 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 321 {
 322         va_list args;
 323         unsigned mode;
 324         int fd;
 325
 326         va_start(args, oflags);
 327         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 328         va_end(args);
 329
 330         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 331                 filename = "nul";
 332
 333         fd = open(filename, oflags, mode);
 334
 335         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 336                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributes(filename);
 337                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 338                         errno = EISDIR;
 339         }
 340         if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && fd >= 0 &&
 341             hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 342                 /*
 343                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 344                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 345                  * such a file is created.
 346                  */
 347                 const char *start = basename((char*)filename);
 348                 if (*start == '.' && make_hidden(filename))
 349                         warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 350         }
 351         return fd;
 352 }
 353
 354 #undef write
 355 ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 356 {
 357         /*
 358          * While write() calls to a file on a local disk are translated
 359          * into WriteFile() calls with a maximum size of 64KB on Windows
 360          * XP and 256KB on Vista, no such cap is placed on writes to
 361          * files over the network on Windows XP.  Unfortunately, there
 362          * seems to be a limit of 32MB-28KB on X64 and 64MB-32KB on x86;
 363          * bigger writes fail on Windows XP.
 364          * So we cap to a nice 31MB here to avoid write failures over
 365          * the net without changing the number of WriteFile() calls in
 366          * the local case.
 367          */
 368         return write(fd, buf, min(count, 31 * 1024 * 1024));
 369 }
 370
 371 #undef fopen
 372 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 373 {
 374         int hide = 0;
 375         FILE *file;
 376         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 377             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 378                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 379         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 380                 filename = "nul";
 381         file = fopen(filename, otype);
 382         if (file && hide && make_hidden(filename))
 383                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 384         return file;
 385 }
 386
 387 #undef freopen
 388 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 389 {
 390         int hide = 0;
 391         FILE *file;
 392         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 393             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 394                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 395         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 396                 filename = "nul";
 397         file = freopen(filename, otype, stream);
 398         if (file && hide && make_hidden(filename))
 399                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 400         return file;
 401 }
 402
 403 /*
 404  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 405  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 406  */
 407 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 408 {
 409         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 410         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 411         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 412 }
 413
 414 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 415 {
 416         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 417 }
 418
 419 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 420  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 421  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 422  *
 423  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 424  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 425  */
 426 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 427 {
 428         int err;
 429         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 430
 431         if (!(err = get_file_attr(file_name, &fdata))) {
 432                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 433                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 434                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 435                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 436                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 437                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 438                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 439                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 440                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 441                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 442                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 443                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 444                         WIN32_FIND_DATAA findbuf;
 445                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileA(file_name, &findbuf);
 446                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 447                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 448                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 449                                         if (follow) {
 450                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 451                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 452                                         } else {
 453                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 454                                         }
 455                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 456                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 457                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 458                                 }
 459                                 FindClose(handle);
 460                         }
 461                 }
 462                 return 0;
 463         }
 464         errno = err;
 465         return -1;
 466 }
 467
 468 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 469  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 470  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 471  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 472  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 473  */
 474 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 475 {
 476         int namelen;
 477         static char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 478
 479         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 480                 return 0;
 481
 482         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 483          * try again without trailing slashes
 484          */
 485         if (errno != ENOENT)
 486                 return -1;
 487
 488         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 489         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 490                 return -1;
 491         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 492                 --namelen;
 493         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 494                 return -1;
 495
 496         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 497         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 498         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 499 }
 500
 501 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 502 {
 503         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 504 }
 505 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 506 {
 507         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 508 }
 509
 510 #undef fstat
 511 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 512 {
 513         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 514         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 515
 516         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 517                 errno = EBADF;
 518                 return -1;
 519         }
 520         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 521         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 522                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 523
 524         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 525                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 526                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 527                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 528                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 529                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 530                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 531                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 532                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 533                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 534                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 535                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 536                 return 0;
 537         }
 538         errno = EBADF;
 539         return -1;
 540 }
 541
 542 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 543 {
 544         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 545         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 546         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 547 }
 548
 549 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 550 {
 551         FILETIME mft, aft;
 552         int fh, rc;
 553
 554         /* must have write permission */
 555         DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributes(file_name);
 556         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 557             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 558                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 559                 SetFileAttributes(file_name, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 560         }
 561
 562         if ((fh = open(file_name, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 563                 rc = -1;
 564                 goto revert_attrs;
 565         }
 566
 567         if (times) {
 568                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 569                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 570         } else {
 571                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 572                 aft = mft;
 573         }
 574         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 575                 errno = EINVAL;
 576                 rc = -1;
 577         } else
 578                 rc = 0;
 579         close(fh);
 580
 581 revert_attrs:
 582         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 583             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 584                 /* ignore errors again */
 585                 SetFileAttributes(file_name, attrs);
 586         }
 587         return rc;
 588 }
 589
 590 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 591 {
 592         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 593         return 0;
 594 }
 595
 596 int mkstemp(char *template)
 597 {
 598         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 599         if (filename == NULL)
 600                 return -1;
 601         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 602 }
 603
 604 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 605 {
 606         FILETIME ft;
 607         long long hnsec;
 608
 609         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 610         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 611         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 612         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 613         return 0;
 614 }
 615
 616 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 617 {
 618         HANDLE h[2];
 619
 620         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 621         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 622                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 623                 return -1;
 624         }
 625         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 626         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 627                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 628                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 629                 return -1;
 630         }
 631         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 632         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 633                 close(filedes[0]);
 634                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 635                 return -1;
 636         }
 637         return 0;
 638 }
 639
 640 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 641 {
 642         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 643         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 644         return result;
 645 }
 646
 647 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 648 {
 649         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 650         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 651         return result;
 652 }
 653
 654 #undef getcwd
 655 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 656 {
 657         int i;
 658         char *ret = getcwd(pointer, len);
 659         if (!ret)
 660                 return ret;
 661         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 662                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 663                         pointer[i] = '/';
 664         return ret;
 665 }
 666
 667 /*
 668  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 669  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 670  */
 671 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 672 {
 673         /* count chars to quote */
 674         int len = 0, n = 0;
 675         int force_quotes = 0;
 676         char *q, *d;
 677         const char *p = arg;
 678         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 679         while (*p) {
 680                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 681                         force_quotes = 1;
 682                 else if (*p == '"')
 683                         n++;
 684                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 685                         int count = 0;
 686                         while (*p == '\\') {
 687                                 count++;
 688                                 p++;
 689                                 len++;
 690                         }
 691                         if (*p == '"')
 692                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 693                         continue;
 694                 }
 695                 len++;
 696                 p++;
 697         }
 698         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 699                 return arg;
 700
 701         /* insert \ where necessary */
 702         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 703         *d++ = '"';
 704         while (*arg) {
 705                 if (*arg == '"')
 706                         *d++ = '\\';
 707                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 708                         int count = 0;
 709                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 710                                 count++;
 711                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 712                         }
 713                         if (*arg == '"') {
 714                                 while (count-- > 0)
 715                                         *d++ = '\\';
 716                                 *d++ = '\\';
 717                         }
 718                 }
 719                 *d++ = *arg++;
 720         }
 721         *d++ = '"';
 722         *d++ = 0;
 723         return q;
 724 }
 725
 726 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 727 {
 728         static char buf[100];
 729         char *p, *opt;
 730         int n, fd;
 731
 732         /* don't even try a .exe */
 733         n = strlen(cmd);
 734         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 735                 return NULL;
 736
 737         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 738         if (fd < 0)
 739                 return NULL;
 740         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 741         close(fd);
 742         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 743                 return NULL;
 744
 745         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 746                 return NULL;
 747         buf[n] = '\0';
 748         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 749         if (!*p)
 750                 return NULL;
 751
 752         *p = '\0';
 753         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 754                 return NULL;
 755         /* strip options */
 756         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 757                 *opt = '\0';
 758         return p+1;
 759 }
 760
 761 /*
 762  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 763  */
 764 static char **get_path_split(void)
 765 {
 766         char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
 767         int i, n = 0;
 768
 769         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 770                 return NULL;
 771
 772         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 773         p = envpath;
 774         while (p) {
 775                 char *dir = p;
 776                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 777                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 778                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 779                         ++n;
 780                 }
 781         }
 782         if (!n)
 783                 return NULL;
 784
 785         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 786         p = envpath;
 787         i = 0;
 788         do {
 789                 if (*p)
 790                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 791                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 792         } while (i < n);
 793         path[i] = NULL;
 794
 795         free(envpath);
 796
 797         return path;
 798 }
 799
 800 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 801 {
 802         char **p = path;
 803
 804         if (!path)
 805                 return;
 806
 807         while (*p)
 808                 free(*p++);
 809         free(path);
 810 }
 811
 812 /*
 813  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 814  * (which do not have an extension)
 815  */
 816 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 817 {
 818         char path[MAX_PATH];
 819         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 820
 821         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 822                 return xstrdup(path);
 823         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 824         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 825                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 826                         return xstrdup(path);
 827         return NULL;
 828 }
 829
 830 /*
 831  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 832  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 833  */
 834 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 835 {
 836         char *prog = NULL;
 837         int len = strlen(cmd);
 838         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 839
 840         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 841                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 842
 843         while (!prog && *path)
 844                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 845
 846         return prog;
 847 }
 848
 849 static int env_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
 850 {
 851         char *const *ea = a;
 852         char *const *eb = b;
 853         return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
 854 }
 855
 856 struct pinfo_t {
 857         struct pinfo_t *next;
 858         pid_t pid;
 859         HANDLE proc;
 860 } pinfo_t;
 861 struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
 862 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
 863
 864 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 865                               const char *dir,
 866                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 867 {
 868         STARTUPINFO si;
 869         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 870         struct strbuf envblk, args;
 871         unsigned flags;
 872         BOOL ret;
 873
 874         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
 875         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
 876                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
 877                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 878         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 879                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
 880                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
 881                  * would normally create a console window. But
 882                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
 883                  * not need the console.
 884                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
 885                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
 886                  * recognize that it has no console.
 887                  */
 888                 flags = DETACHED_PROCESS;
 889         } else {
 890                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
 891                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
 892                  * disassociate the child from the console.
 893                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
 894                  * Go figure!
 895                  */
 896                 flags = 0;
 897                 CloseHandle(cons);
 898         }
 899         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
 900         si.cb = sizeof(si);
 901         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
 902         si.hStdInput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fhin);
 903         si.hStdOutput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fhout);
 904         si.hStdError = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fherr);
 905
 906         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
 907         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
 908         if (prepend_cmd) {
 909                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
 910                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 911                 if (quoted != cmd)
 912                         free(quoted);
 913         }
 914         for (; *argv; argv++) {
 915                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
 916                 if (*args.buf)
 917                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
 918                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 919                 if (quoted != *argv)
 920                         free(quoted);
 921         }
 922
 923         if (env) {
 924                 int count = 0;
 925                 char **e, **sorted_env;
 926
 927                 for (e = env; *e; e++)
 928                         count++;
 929
 930                 /* environment must be sorted */
 931                 sorted_env = xmalloc(sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 932                 memcpy(sorted_env, env, sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 933                 qsort(sorted_env, count, sizeof(*sorted_env), env_compare);
 934
 935                 strbuf_init(&envblk, 0);
 936                 for (e = sorted_env; *e; e++) {
 937                         strbuf_addstr(&envblk, *e);
 938                         strbuf_addch(&envblk, '\0');
 939                 }
 940                 free(sorted_env);
 941         }
 942
 943         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
 944         ret = CreateProcess(cmd, args.buf, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
 945                 env ? envblk.buf : NULL, dir, &si, &pi);
 946
 947         if (env)
 948                 strbuf_release(&envblk);
 949         strbuf_release(&args);
 950
 951         if (!ret) {
 952                 errno = ENOENT;
 953                 return -1;
 954         }
 955         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
 956
 957         /*
 958          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
 959          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
 960          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
 961          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
 962          * handle after the process terminated.
 963          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
 964          */
 965         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
 966         {
 967                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
 968                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
 969                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
 970                 info->next = pinfo;
 971                 pinfo = info;
 972         }
 973         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
 974
 975         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
 976 }
 977
 978 static pid_t mingw_spawnve(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 979                            int prepend_cmd)
 980 {
 981         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, env, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
 982 }
 983
 984 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 985                      const char *dir,
 986                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 987 {
 988         pid_t pid;
 989         char **path = get_path_split();
 990         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
 991
 992         if (!prog) {
 993                 errno = ENOENT;
 994                 pid = -1;
 995         }
 996         else {
 997                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
 998
 999                 if (interpr) {
1000                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1001                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1002                         argv[0] = prog;
1003                         if (!iprog) {
1004                                 errno = ENOENT;
1005                                 pid = -1;
1006                         }
1007                         else {
1008                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, env, dir, 1,
1009                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1010                                 free(iprog);
1011                         }
1012                         argv[0] = argv0;
1013                 }
1014                 else
1015                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, env, dir, 0,
1016                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1017                 free(prog);
1018         }
1019         free_path_split(path);
1020         return pid;
1021 }
1022
1023 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char **env)
1024 {
1025         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1026         char **path;
1027         char *prog;
1028         int pid = 0;
1029
1030         if (!interpr)
1031                 return 0;
1032         path = get_path_split();
1033         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1034         if (prog) {
1035                 int argc = 0;
1036                 const char **argv2;
1037                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1038                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1039                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1040                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1041                 pid = mingw_spawnve(prog, argv2, env, 1);
1042                 if (pid >= 0) {
1043                         int status;
1044                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1045                                 status = 255;
1046                         exit(status);
1047                 }
1048                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1049                 free(prog);
1050                 free(argv2);
1051         }
1052         free_path_split(path);
1053         return pid;
1054 }
1055
1056 static void mingw_execve(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char *const *env)
1057 {
1058         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1059         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv, (char **)env)) {
1060                 int pid, status;
1061
1062                 pid = mingw_spawnve(cmd, (const char **)argv, (char **)env, 0);
1063                 if (pid < 0)
1064                         return;
1065                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1066                         status = 255;
1067                 exit(status);
1068         }
1069 }
1070
1071 void mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1072 {
1073         char **path = get_path_split();
1074         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1075
1076         if (prog) {
1077                 mingw_execve(prog, argv, environ);
1078                 free(prog);
1079         } else
1080                 errno = ENOENT;
1081
1082         free_path_split(path);
1083 }
1084
1085 void mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1086 {
1087         mingw_execve(cmd, argv, environ);
1088 }
1089
1090 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1091 {
1092         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1093                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1094
1095                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1096                         CloseHandle(h);
1097                         return 0;
1098                 }
1099
1100                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1101                 CloseHandle(h);
1102                 return -1;
1103         }
1104
1105         errno = EINVAL;
1106         return -1;
1107 }
1108
1109 static char **copy_environ(void)
1110 {
1111         char **env;
1112         int i = 0;
1113         while (environ[i])
1114                 i++;
1115         env = xmalloc((i+1)*sizeof(*env));
1116         for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
1117                 env[i] = xstrdup(environ[i]);
1118         env[i] = NULL;
1119         return env;
1120 }
1121
1122 void free_environ(char **env)
1123 {
1124         int i;
1125         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1126                 free(env[i]);
1127         free(env);
1128 }
1129
1130 static int lookup_env(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
1131 {
1132         int i;
1133
1134         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++) {
1135                 if (0 == strncmp(env[i], name, nmln)
1136                     && '=' == env[i][nmln])
1137                         /* matches */
1138                         return i;
1139         }
1140         return -1;
1141 }
1142
1143 /*
1144  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1145  */
1146 static char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
1147 {
1148         char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
1149         int i = lookup_env(env, name, eq-name);
1150
1151         if (i < 0) {
1152                 if (*eq) {
1153                         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1154                                 ;
1155                         env = xrealloc(env, (i+2)*sizeof(*env));
1156                         env[i] = xstrdup(name);
1157                         env[i+1] = NULL;
1158                 }
1159         }
1160         else {
1161                 free(env[i]);
1162                 if (*eq)
1163                         env[i] = xstrdup(name);
1164                 else
1165                         for (; env[i]; i++)
1166                                 env[i] = env[i+1];
1167         }
1168         return env;
1169 }
1170
1171 /*
1172  * Copies global environ and adjusts variables as specified by vars.
1173  */
1174 char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars)
1175 {
1176         char **env = copy_environ();
1177
1178         while (*vars)
1179                 env = env_setenv(env, *vars++);
1180         return env;
1181 }
1182
1183 #undef getenv
1184
1185 /*
1186  * The system's getenv looks up the name in a case-insensitive manner.
1187  * This version tries a case-sensitive lookup and falls back to
1188  * case-insensitive if nothing was found.  This is necessary because,
1189  * as a prominent example, CMD sets 'Path', but not 'PATH'.
1190  * Warning: not thread-safe.
1191  */
1192 static char *getenv_cs(const char *name)
1193 {
1194         size_t len = strlen(name);
1195         int i = lookup_env(environ, name, len);
1196         if (i >= 0)
1197                 return environ[i] + len + 1;    /* skip past name and '=' */
1198         return getenv(name);
1199 }
1200
1201 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1202 {
1203         char *result = getenv_cs(name);
1204         if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
1205                 /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
1206                 result = getenv_cs("TMP");
1207                 if (!result)
1208                         result = getenv_cs("TEMP");
1209         }
1210         return result;
1211 }
1212
1213 /*
1214  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1215  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1216  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1217  * if one was found.
1218  */
1219 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1220                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1221                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1222 {
1223         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1224         struct addrinfo *ai;
1225         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1226
1227         if (node) {
1228                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1229                 if (!h)
1230                         return WSAGetLastError();
1231         }
1232
1233         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1234         *res = ai;
1235         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1236         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1237         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1238         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1239         case SOCK_STREAM:
1240                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1241                 break;
1242         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1243                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1244                 break;
1245         default:
1246                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1247                 break;
1248         }
1249         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1250         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1251                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1252         else
1253                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1254
1255         sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1256         memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1257         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1258         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1259          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1260          * currently not implemented */
1261         if (service)
1262                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1263         if (h)
1264                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1265         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1266                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1267         else
1268                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1269         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1270         ai->ai_next = 0;
1271         return 0;
1272 }
1273
1274 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1275 {
1276         free(res->ai_canonname);
1277         free(res->ai_addr);
1278         free(res);
1279 }
1280
1281 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1282                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1283                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1284 {
1285         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1286         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1287                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1288         if (!host && !serv)
1289                 return EAI_NONAME;
1290
1291         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1292                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1293                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1294                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1295                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1296
1297                 if (ent)
1298                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1299                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1300                         return EAI_NONAME;
1301                 else
1302                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1303         }
1304
1305         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1306                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1307                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1308                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1309                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1310
1311                 if (ent)
1312                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1313                 else
1314                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1315         }
1316
1317         return 0;
1318 }
1319
1320 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1321 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1322 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1323                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1324                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1325 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1326                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1327                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1328 /*
1329  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1330  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1331  */
1332
1333 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1334 {
1335         WSACleanup();
1336         if (ipv6_dll)
1337                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1338         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1339         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1340         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1341         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1342 }
1343
1344 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1345 {
1346         WSADATA wsa;
1347         static int initialized = 0;
1348         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1349         const char **name;
1350
1351         if (initialized)
1352                 return;
1353
1354         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1355                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1356                         WSAGetLastError());
1357
1358         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1359                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1360                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1361                         continue;
1362
1363                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1364                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1365                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1366                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1367                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1368                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1369                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1370                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1371                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1372                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1373                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1374                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1375                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1376                 } else
1377                         break;
1378         }
1379         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1380                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1381                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1382                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1383         }
1384
1385         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1386         initialized = 1;
1387 }
1388
1389 #undef gethostname
1390 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1391 {
1392     ensure_socket_initialization();
1393     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1394 }
1395
1396 #undef gethostbyname
1397 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1398 {
1399         ensure_socket_initialization();
1400         return gethostbyname(host);
1401 }
1402
1403 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1404 {
1405         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1406 }
1407
1408 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1409                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1410 {
1411         ensure_socket_initialization();
1412         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1413 }
1414
1415 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1416                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1417                       int flags)
1418 {
1419         ensure_socket_initialization();
1420         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1421 }
1422
1423 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1424 {
1425         int sockfd;
1426         SOCKET s;
1427
1428         ensure_socket_initialization();
1429         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1430         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1431                 /*
1432                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1433                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1434                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1435                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1436                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1437                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1438                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1439                  */
1440                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1441                 return -1;
1442         }
1443         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1444         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1445                 closesocket(s);
1446                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1447                         strerror(errno));
1448         }
1449         return sockfd;
1450 }
1451
1452 #undef connect
1453 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1454 {
1455         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1456         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1457 }
1458
1459 #undef bind
1460 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1461 {
1462         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1463         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1464 }
1465
1466 #undef setsockopt
1467 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1468 {
1469         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1470         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1471 }
1472
1473 #undef shutdown
1474 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1475 {
1476         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1477         return shutdown(s, how);
1478 }
1479
1480 #undef listen
1481 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1482 {
1483         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1484         return listen(s, backlog);
1485 }
1486
1487 #undef accept
1488 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1489 {
1490         int sockfd2;
1491
1492         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1493         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1494
1495         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1496         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1497                 int err = errno;
1498                 closesocket(s2);
1499                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1500                         strerror(err));
1501         }
1502         return sockfd2;
1503 }
1504
1505 #undef rename
1506 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1507 {
1508         DWORD attrs, gle;
1509         int tries = 0;
1510
1511         /*
1512          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1513          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1514          */
1515         if (!rename(pold, pnew))
1516                 return 0;
1517         if (errno != EEXIST)
1518                 return -1;
1519 repeat:
1520         if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1521                 return 0;
1522         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1523         gle = GetLastError();
1524         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1525             (attrs = GetFileAttributes(pnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1526                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1527                         errno = EISDIR;
1528                         return -1;
1529                 }
1530                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1531                     SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1532                         if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1533                                 return 0;
1534                         gle = GetLastError();
1535                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1536                         SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs);
1537                 }
1538         }
1539         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1540                 /*
1541                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1542                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1543                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1544                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1545                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1546                  */
1547                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1548                 tries++;
1549                 goto repeat;
1550         }
1551         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1552                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1553                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1554                 goto repeat;
1555
1556         errno = EACCES;
1557         return -1;
1558 }
1559
1560 /*
1561  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1562  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1563  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1564  */
1565 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1566 {
1567         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1568         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1569         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1570 }
1571
1572 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1573 {
1574         static char user_name[100];
1575         static struct passwd p;
1576
1577         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1578         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1579                 return NULL;
1580         p.pw_name = user_name;
1581         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1582         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1583         return &p;
1584 }
1585
1586 static HANDLE timer_event;
1587 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1588 static int timer_interval;
1589 static int one_shot;
1590 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL;
1591
1592 /* The timer works like this:
1593  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1594  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1595  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1596  * state.
1597  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1598  * length to call the signal handler.
1599  */
1600
1601 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1602 {
1603         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1604                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL)
1605                         die("Alarm");
1606                 if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1607                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1608                 if (one_shot)
1609                         break;
1610         }
1611         return 0;
1612 }
1613
1614 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1615 {
1616         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1617         if (timer_event) {
1618                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1619                 if (!timer_thread )
1620                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1621                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1622         } else
1623                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1624                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1625         return 0;
1626 }
1627
1628 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1629 {
1630         if (timer_event)
1631                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1632         if (timer_thread) {
1633                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1634                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1635                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1636                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1637                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1638                               GetLastError());
1639                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1640         }
1641         if (timer_event)
1642                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1643         timer_event = NULL;
1644         timer_thread = NULL;
1645 }
1646
1647 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1648 {
1649         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1650 }
1651
1652 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1653 {
1654         static const struct timeval zero;
1655         static int atexit_done;
1656
1657         if (out != NULL)
1658                 return errno = EINVAL,
1659                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1660         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1661             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1662                 return errno = EINVAL,
1663                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1664
1665         if (timer_thread)
1666                 stop_timer_thread();
1667
1668         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1669             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1670                 return 0;
1671
1672         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1673         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1674         if (!atexit_done) {
1675                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1676                 atexit_done = 1;
1677         }
1678         return start_timer_thread();
1679 }
1680
1681 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1682 {
1683         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1684                 return errno = EINVAL,
1685                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1686         if (out != NULL)
1687                 return errno = EINVAL,
1688                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1689
1690         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1691         return 0;
1692 }
1693
1694 #undef signal
1695 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1696 {
1697         sig_handler_t old = timer_fn;
1698         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1699                 return signal(sig, handler);
1700         timer_fn = handler;
1701         return old;
1702 }
1703
1704 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1705 {
1706         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1707         char *c;
1708
1709         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1710                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1711
1712         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1713                 if (*c == '/')
1714                         *c = '\\';
1715         }
1716         return buf;
1717 }
1718
1719 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1720 {
1721         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1722         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1723                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1724         T ShellExecute;
1725         HMODULE shell32;
1726         int r;
1727
1728         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1729         if (!shell32)
1730                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1731         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1732         if (!ShellExecute)
1733                 die("cannot run browser");
1734
1735         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1736         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1737         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1738         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1739         if (r <= 32) {
1740                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1741         }
1742 }
1743
1744 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1745 {
1746         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(const char*, const char*, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1747         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1748         if (!create_hard_link) {
1749                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1750                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkA");
1751                 if (!create_hard_link)
1752                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1753         }
1754         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1755                 errno = ENOSYS;
1756                 return -1;
1757         }
1758         if (!create_hard_link(newpath, oldpath, NULL)) {
1759                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1760                 return -1;
1761         }
1762         return 0;
1763 }
1764
1765 char *getpass(const char *prompt)
1766 {
1767         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1768
1769         fputs(prompt, stderr);
1770         for (;;) {
1771                 char c = _getch();
1772                 if (c == '\r' || c == '\n')
1773                         break;
1774                 strbuf_addch(&buf, c);
1775         }
1776         fputs("\n", stderr);
1777         return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
1778 }
1779
1780 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options)
1781 {
1782         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1783             FALSE, pid);
1784         if (!h) {
1785                 errno = ECHILD;
1786                 return -1;
1787         }
1788
1789         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1790                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1791                         CloseHandle(h);
1792                         return 0;
1793                 }
1794                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1795         }
1796
1797         if (options == 0) {
1798                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1799                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1800                         CloseHandle(h);
1801                         return 0;
1802                 }
1803
1804                 if (status)
1805                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1806
1807                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1808
1809                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1810                 while (*ppinfo) {
1811                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1812                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1813                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1814                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1815                                 free(info);
1816                                 break;
1817                         }
1818                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1819                 }
1820
1821                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1822
1823                 CloseHandle(h);
1824                 return pid;
1825         }
1826         CloseHandle(h);
1827
1828         errno = EINVAL;
1829         return -1;
1830 }
1831
1832 const char *get_windows_home_directory()
1833 {
1834         static const char *home_directory = NULL;
1835         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1836
1837         if (home_directory)
1838                 return home_directory;
1839
1840         home_directory = getenv("HOME");
1841         if (home_directory && *home_directory)
1842                 return home_directory;
1843
1844         strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/%s", getenv("HOMEDRIVE"), getenv("HOMEPATH"));
1845         home_directory = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
1846
1847         return home_directory;
1848 }
1849
1850 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
1851 {
1852         if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
1853                 return 2 + is_dir_sep(path[2]);
1854
1855         /* unc paths */
1856         if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
1857
1858                 /* skip server name */
1859                 char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
1860                 if (!pos)
1861                         return 0;
1862
1863                 do {
1864                         pos++;
1865                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
1866
1867                 return pos - path;
1868         }
1869
1870         return is_dir_sep(path[0]);
1871 }