builtin-for-each-ref.c

   1 #include "builtin.h"
   2 #include "cache.h"
   3 #include "refs.h"
   4 #include "object.h"
   5 #include "tag.h"
   6 #include "commit.h"
   7 #include "tree.h"
   8 #include "blob.h"
   9 #include "quote.h"
  10 #include "parse-options.h"
  11
  12 /* Quoting styles */
  13 #define QUOTE_NONE 0
  14 #define QUOTE_SHELL 1
  15 #define QUOTE_PERL 2
  16 #define QUOTE_PYTHON 4
  17 #define QUOTE_TCL 8
  18
  19 typedef enum { FIELD_STR, FIELD_ULONG, FIELD_TIME } cmp_type;
  20
  21 struct atom_value {
  22         const char *s;
  23         unsigned long ul; /* used for sorting when not FIELD_STR */
  24 };
  25
  26 struct ref_sort {
  27         struct ref_sort *next;
  28         int atom; /* index into used_atom array */
  29         unsigned reverse : 1;
  30 };
  31
  32 struct refinfo {
  33         char *refname;
  34         unsigned char objectname[20];
  35         struct atom_value *value;
  36 };
  37
  38 static struct {
  39         const char *name;
  40         cmp_type cmp_type;
  41 } valid_atom[] = {
  42         { "refname" },
  43         { "objecttype" },
  44         { "objectsize", FIELD_ULONG },
  45         { "objectname" },
  46         { "tree" },
  47         { "parent" },
  48         { "numparent", FIELD_ULONG },
  49         { "object" },
  50         { "type" },
  51         { "tag" },
  52         { "author" },
  53         { "authorname" },
  54         { "authoremail" },
  55         { "authordate", FIELD_TIME },
  56         { "committer" },
  57         { "committername" },
  58         { "committeremail" },
  59         { "committerdate", FIELD_TIME },
  60         { "tagger" },
  61         { "taggername" },
  62         { "taggeremail" },
  63         { "taggerdate", FIELD_TIME },
  64         { "creator" },
  65         { "creatordate", FIELD_TIME },
  66         { "subject" },
  67         { "body" },
  68         { "contents" },
  69 };
  70
  71 /*
  72  * An atom is a valid field atom listed above, possibly prefixed with
  73  * a "*" to denote deref_tag().
  74  *
  75  * We parse given format string and sort specifiers, and make a list
  76  * of properties that we need to extract out of objects.  refinfo
  77  * structure will hold an array of values extracted that can be
  78  * indexed with the "atom number", which is an index into this
  79  * array.
  80  */
  81 static const char **used_atom;
  82 static cmp_type *used_atom_type;
  83 static int used_atom_cnt, sort_atom_limit, need_tagged;
  84
  85 /*
  86  * Used to parse format string and sort specifiers
  87  */
  88 static int parse_atom(const char *atom, const char *ep)
  89 {
  90         const char *sp;
  91         int i, at;
  92
  93         sp = atom;
  94         if (*sp == '*' && sp < ep)
  95                 sp++; /* deref */
  96         if (ep <= sp)
  97                 die("malformed field name: %.*s", (int)(ep-atom), atom);
  98
  99         /* Do we have the atom already used elsewhere? */
 100         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 101                 int len = strlen(used_atom[i]);
 102                 if (len == ep - atom && !memcmp(used_atom[i], atom, len))
 103                         return i;
 104         }
 105
 106         /* Is the atom a valid one? */
 107         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom); i++) {
 108                 int len = strlen(valid_atom[i].name);
 109                 /*
 110                  * If the atom name has a colon, strip it and everything after
 111                  * it off - it specifies the format for this entry, and
 112                  * shouldn't be used for checking against the valid_atom
 113                  * table.
 114                  */
 115                 const char *formatp = strchr(sp, ':');
 116                 if (!formatp || ep < formatp)
 117                         formatp = ep;
 118                 if (len == formatp - sp && !memcmp(valid_atom[i].name, sp, len))
 119                         break;
 120         }
 121
 122         if (ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom) <= i)
 123                 die("unknown field name: %.*s", (int)(ep-atom), atom);
 124
 125         /* Add it in, including the deref prefix */
 126         at = used_atom_cnt;
 127         used_atom_cnt++;
 128         used_atom = xrealloc(used_atom,
 129                              (sizeof *used_atom) * used_atom_cnt);
 130         used_atom_type = xrealloc(used_atom_type,
 131                                   (sizeof(*used_atom_type) * used_atom_cnt));
 132         used_atom[at] = xmemdupz(atom, ep - atom);
 133         used_atom_type[at] = valid_atom[i].cmp_type;
 134         return at;
 135 }
 136
 137 /*
 138  * In a format string, find the next occurrence of %(atom).
 139  */
 140 static const char *find_next(const char *cp)
 141 {
 142         while (*cp) {
 143                 if (*cp == '%') {
 144                         /* %( is the start of an atom;
 145                          * %% is a quoted per-cent.
 146                          */
 147                         if (cp[1] == '(')
 148                                 return cp;
 149                         else if (cp[1] == '%')
 150                                 cp++; /* skip over two % */
 151                         /* otherwise this is a singleton, literal % */
 152                 }
 153                 cp++;
 154         }
 155         return NULL;
 156 }
 157
 158 /*
 159  * Make sure the format string is well formed, and parse out
 160  * the used atoms.
 161  */
 162 static int verify_format(const char *format)
 163 {
 164         const char *cp, *sp;
 165         for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); ) {
 166                 const char *ep = strchr(sp, ')');
 167                 if (!ep)
 168                         return error("malformed format string %s", sp);
 169                 /* sp points at "%(" and ep points at the closing ")" */
 170                 parse_atom(sp + 2, ep);
 171                 cp = ep + 1;
 172         }
 173         return 0;
 174 }
 175
 176 /*
 177  * Given an object name, read the object data and size, and return a
 178  * "struct object".  If the object data we are returning is also borrowed
 179  * by the "struct object" representation, set *eaten as well---it is a
 180  * signal from parse_object_buffer to us not to free the buffer.
 181  */
 182 static void *get_obj(const unsigned char *sha1, struct object **obj, unsigned long *sz, int *eaten)
 183 {
 184         enum object_type type;
 185         void *buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, sz);
 186
 187         if (buf)
 188                 *obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, *sz, buf, eaten);
 189         else
 190                 *obj = NULL;
 191         return buf;
 192 }
 193
 194 /* See grab_values */
 195 static void grab_common_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 196 {
 197         int i;
 198
 199         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 200                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 201                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 202                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 203                         continue;
 204                 if (deref)
 205                         name++;
 206                 if (!strcmp(name, "objecttype"))
 207                         v->s = typename(obj->type);
 208                 else if (!strcmp(name, "objectsize")) {
 209                         char *s = xmalloc(40);
 210                         sprintf(s, "%lu", sz);
 211                         v->ul = sz;
 212                         v->s = s;
 213                 }
 214                 else if (!strcmp(name, "objectname")) {
 215                         char *s = xmalloc(41);
 216                         strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 217                         v->s = s;
 218                 }
 219         }
 220 }
 221
 222 /* See grab_values */
 223 static void grab_tag_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 224 {
 225         int i;
 226         struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) obj;
 227
 228         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 229                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 230                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 231                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 232                         continue;
 233                 if (deref)
 234                         name++;
 235                 if (!strcmp(name, "tag"))
 236                         v->s = tag->tag;
 237                 else if (!strcmp(name, "type") && tag->tagged)
 238                         v->s = typename(tag->tagged->type);
 239                 else if (!strcmp(name, "object") && tag->tagged) {
 240                         char *s = xmalloc(41);
 241                         strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
 242                         v->s = s;
 243                 }
 244         }
 245 }
 246
 247 static int num_parents(struct commit *commit)
 248 {
 249         struct commit_list *parents;
 250         int i;
 251
 252         for (i = 0, parents = commit->parents;
 253              parents;
 254              parents = parents->next)
 255                 i++;
 256         return i;
 257 }
 258
 259 /* See grab_values */
 260 static void grab_commit_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 261 {
 262         int i;
 263         struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
 264
 265         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 266                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 267                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 268                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 269                         continue;
 270                 if (deref)
 271                         name++;
 272                 if (!strcmp(name, "tree")) {
 273                         char *s = xmalloc(41);
 274                         strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(commit->tree->object.sha1));
 275                         v->s = s;
 276                 }
 277                 if (!strcmp(name, "numparent")) {
 278                         char *s = xmalloc(40);
 279                         v->ul = num_parents(commit);
 280                         sprintf(s, "%lu", v->ul);
 281                         v->s = s;
 282                 }
 283                 else if (!strcmp(name, "parent")) {
 284                         int num = num_parents(commit);
 285                         int i;
 286                         struct commit_list *parents;
 287                         char *s = xmalloc(41 * num + 1);
 288                         v->s = s;
 289                         for (i = 0, parents = commit->parents;
 290                              parents;
 291                              parents = parents->next, i = i + 41) {
 292                                 struct commit *parent = parents->item;
 293                                 strcpy(s+i, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
 294                                 if (parents->next)
 295                                         s[i+40] = ' ';
 296                         }
 297                         if (!i)
 298                                 *s = '\0';
 299                 }
 300         }
 301 }
 302
 303 static const char *find_wholine(const char *who, int wholen, const char *buf, unsigned long sz)
 304 {
 305         const char *eol;
 306         while (*buf) {
 307                 if (!strncmp(buf, who, wholen) &&
 308                     buf[wholen] == ' ')
 309                         return buf + wholen + 1;
 310                 eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
 311                 if (!eol)
 312                         return "";
 313                 eol++;
 314                 if (*eol == '\n')
 315                         return ""; /* end of header */
 316                 buf = eol;
 317         }
 318         return "";
 319 }
 320
 321 static const char *copy_line(const char *buf)
 322 {
 323         const char *eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
 324         if (!eol)
 325                 return "";
 326         return xmemdupz(buf, eol - buf);
 327 }
 328
 329 static const char *copy_name(const char *buf)
 330 {
 331         const char *cp;
 332         for (cp = buf; *cp && *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
 333                 if (!strncmp(cp, " <", 2))
 334                         return xmemdupz(buf, cp - buf);
 335         }
 336         return "";
 337 }
 338
 339 static const char *copy_email(const char *buf)
 340 {
 341         const char *email = strchr(buf, '<');
 342         const char *eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
 343         if (!email || !eoemail)
 344                 return "";
 345         return xmemdupz(email, eoemail + 1 - email);
 346 }
 347
 348 static void grab_date(const char *buf, struct atom_value *v, const char *atomname)
 349 {
 350         const char *eoemail = strstr(buf, "> ");
 351         char *zone;
 352         unsigned long timestamp;
 353         long tz;
 354         enum date_mode date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
 355         const char *formatp;
 356
 357         /*
 358          * We got here because atomname ends in "date" or "date<something>";
 359          * it's not possible that <something> is not ":<format>" because
 360          * parse_atom() wouldn't have allowed it, so we can assume that no
 361          * ":" means no format is specified, and use the default.
 362          */
 363         formatp = strchr(atomname, ':');
 364         if (formatp != NULL) {
 365                 formatp++;
 366                 date_mode = parse_date_format(formatp);
 367         }
 368
 369         if (!eoemail)
 370                 goto bad;
 371         timestamp = strtoul(eoemail + 2, &zone, 10);
 372         if (timestamp == ULONG_MAX)
 373                 goto bad;
 374         tz = strtol(zone, NULL, 10);
 375         if ((tz == LONG_MIN || tz == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 376                 goto bad;
 377         v->s = xstrdup(show_date(timestamp, tz, date_mode));
 378         v->ul = timestamp;
 379         return;
 380  bad:
 381         v->s = "";
 382         v->ul = 0;
 383 }
 384
 385 /* See grab_values */
 386 static void grab_person(const char *who, struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 387 {
 388         int i;
 389         int wholen = strlen(who);
 390         const char *wholine = NULL;
 391
 392         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 393                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 394                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 395                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 396                         continue;
 397                 if (deref)
 398                         name++;
 399                 if (strncmp(who, name, wholen))
 400                         continue;
 401                 if (name[wholen] != 0 &&
 402                     strcmp(name + wholen, "name") &&
 403                     strcmp(name + wholen, "email") &&
 404                     prefixcmp(name + wholen, "date"))
 405                         continue;
 406                 if (!wholine)
 407                         wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
 408                 if (!wholine)
 409                         return; /* no point looking for it */
 410                 if (name[wholen] == 0)
 411                         v->s = copy_line(wholine);
 412                 else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "name"))
 413                         v->s = copy_name(wholine);
 414                 else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "email"))
 415                         v->s = copy_email(wholine);
 416                 else if (!prefixcmp(name + wholen, "date"))
 417                         grab_date(wholine, v, name);
 418         }
 419
 420         /* For a tag or a commit object, if "creator" or "creatordate" is
 421          * requested, do something special.
 422          */
 423         if (strcmp(who, "tagger") && strcmp(who, "committer"))
 424                 return; /* "author" for commit object is not wanted */
 425         if (!wholine)
 426                 wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
 427         if (!wholine)
 428                 return;
 429         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 430                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 431                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 432                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 433                         continue;
 434                 if (deref)
 435                         name++;
 436
 437                 if (!prefixcmp(name, "creatordate"))
 438                         grab_date(wholine, v, name);
 439                 else if (!strcmp(name, "creator"))
 440                         v->s = copy_line(wholine);
 441         }
 442 }
 443
 444 static void find_subpos(const char *buf, unsigned long sz, const char **sub, const char **body)
 445 {
 446         while (*buf) {
 447                 const char *eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
 448                 if (!eol)
 449                         return;
 450                 if (eol[1] == '\n') {
 451                         buf = eol + 1;
 452                         break; /* found end of header */
 453                 }
 454                 buf = eol + 1;
 455         }
 456         while (*buf == '\n')
 457                 buf++;
 458         if (!*buf)
 459                 return;
 460         *sub = buf; /* first non-empty line */
 461         buf = strchr(buf, '\n');
 462         if (!buf)
 463                 return; /* no body */
 464         while (*buf == '\n')
 465                 buf++; /* skip blank between subject and body */
 466         *body = buf;
 467 }
 468
 469 /* See grab_values */
 470 static void grab_sub_body_contents(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 471 {
 472         int i;
 473         const char *subpos = NULL, *bodypos = NULL;
 474
 475         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 476                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 477                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 478                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 479                         continue;
 480                 if (deref)
 481                         name++;
 482                 if (strcmp(name, "subject") &&
 483                     strcmp(name, "body") &&
 484                     strcmp(name, "contents"))
 485                         continue;
 486                 if (!subpos)
 487                         find_subpos(buf, sz, &subpos, &bodypos);
 488                 if (!subpos)
 489                         return;
 490
 491                 if (!strcmp(name, "subject"))
 492                         v->s = copy_line(subpos);
 493                 else if (!strcmp(name, "body"))
 494                         v->s = xstrdup(bodypos);
 495                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents"))
 496                         v->s = xstrdup(subpos);
 497         }
 498 }
 499
 500 /* We want to have empty print-string for field requests
 501  * that do not apply (e.g. "authordate" for a tag object)
 502  */
 503 static void fill_missing_values(struct atom_value *val)
 504 {
 505         int i;
 506         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 507                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 508                 if (v->s == NULL)
 509                         v->s = "";
 510         }
 511 }
 512
 513 /*
 514  * val is a list of atom_value to hold returned values.  Extract
 515  * the values for atoms in used_atom array out of (obj, buf, sz).
 516  * when deref is false, (obj, buf, sz) is the object that is
 517  * pointed at by the ref itself; otherwise it is the object the
 518  * ref (which is a tag) refers to.
 519  */
 520 static void grab_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 521 {
 522         grab_common_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 523         switch (obj->type) {
 524         case OBJ_TAG:
 525                 grab_tag_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 526                 grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 527                 grab_person("tagger", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 528                 break;
 529         case OBJ_COMMIT:
 530                 grab_commit_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 531                 grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 532                 grab_person("author", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 533                 grab_person("committer", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 534                 break;
 535         case OBJ_TREE:
 536                 // grab_tree_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 537                 break;
 538         case OBJ_BLOB:
 539                 // grab_blob_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 540                 break;
 541         default:
 542                 die("Eh?  Object of type %d?", obj->type);
 543         }
 544 }
 545
 546 /*
 547  * Parse the object referred by ref, and grab needed value.
 548  */
 549 static void populate_value(struct refinfo *ref)
 550 {
 551         void *buf;
 552         struct object *obj;
 553         int eaten, i;
 554         unsigned long size;
 555         const unsigned char *tagged;
 556
 557         ref->value = xcalloc(sizeof(struct atom_value), used_atom_cnt);
 558
 559         buf = get_obj(ref->objectname, &obj, &size, &eaten);
 560         if (!buf)
 561                 die("missing object %s for %s",
 562                     sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
 563         if (!obj)
 564                 die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
 565                     sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
 566
 567         /* Fill in specials first */
 568         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 569                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 570                 struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
 571                 if (!strcmp(name, "refname"))
 572                         v->s = ref->refname;
 573                 else if (!strcmp(name, "*refname")) {
 574                         int len = strlen(ref->refname);
 575                         char *s = xmalloc(len + 4);
 576                         sprintf(s, "%s^{}", ref->refname);
 577                         v->s = s;
 578                 }
 579         }
 580
 581         grab_values(ref->value, 0, obj, buf, size);
 582         if (!eaten)
 583                 free(buf);
 584
 585         /* If there is no atom that wants to know about tagged
 586          * object, we are done.
 587          */
 588         if (!need_tagged || (obj->type != OBJ_TAG))
 589                 return;
 590
 591         /* If it is a tag object, see if we use a value that derefs
 592          * the object, and if we do grab the object it refers to.
 593          */
 594         tagged = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged->sha1;
 595
 596         /* NEEDSWORK: This derefs tag only once, which
 597          * is good to deal with chains of trust, but
 598          * is not consistent with what deref_tag() does
 599          * which peels the onion to the core.
 600          */
 601         buf = get_obj(tagged, &obj, &size, &eaten);
 602         if (!buf)
 603                 die("missing object %s for %s",
 604                     sha1_to_hex(tagged), ref->refname);
 605         if (!obj)
 606                 die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
 607                     sha1_to_hex(tagged), ref->refname);
 608         grab_values(ref->value, 1, obj, buf, size);
 609         if (!eaten)
 610                 free(buf);
 611 }
 612
 613 /*
 614  * Given a ref, return the value for the atom.  This lazily gets value
 615  * out of the object by calling populate value.
 616  */
 617 static void get_value(struct refinfo *ref, int atom, struct atom_value **v)
 618 {
 619         if (!ref->value) {
 620                 populate_value(ref);
 621                 fill_missing_values(ref->value);
 622         }
 623         *v = &ref->value[atom];
 624 }
 625
 626 struct grab_ref_cbdata {
 627         struct refinfo **grab_array;
 628         const char **grab_pattern;
 629         int grab_cnt;
 630 };
 631
 632 /*
 633  * A call-back given to for_each_ref().  It is unfortunate that we
 634  * need to use global variables to pass extra information to this
 635  * function.
 636  */
 637 static int grab_single_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 638 {
 639         struct grab_ref_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
 640         struct refinfo *ref;
 641         int cnt;
 642
 643         if (*cb->grab_pattern) {
 644                 const char **pattern;
 645                 int namelen = strlen(refname);
 646                 for (pattern = cb->grab_pattern; *pattern; pattern++) {
 647                         const char *p = *pattern;
 648                         int plen = strlen(p);
 649
 650                         if ((plen <= namelen) &&
 651                             !strncmp(refname, p, plen) &&
 652                             (refname[plen] == '\0' ||
 653                              refname[plen] == '/'))
 654                                 break;
 655                         if (!fnmatch(p, refname, FNM_PATHNAME))
 656                                 break;
 657                 }
 658                 if (!*pattern)
 659                         return 0;
 660         }
 661
 662         /* We do not open the object yet; sort may only need refname
 663          * to do its job and the resulting list may yet to be pruned
 664          * by maxcount logic.
 665          */
 666         ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref));
 667         ref->refname = xstrdup(refname);
 668         hashcpy(ref->objectname, sha1);
 669
 670         cnt = cb->grab_cnt;
 671         cb->grab_array = xrealloc(cb->grab_array,
 672                                   sizeof(*cb->grab_array) * (cnt + 1));
 673         cb->grab_array[cnt++] = ref;
 674         cb->grab_cnt = cnt;
 675         return 0;
 676 }
 677
 678 static int cmp_ref_sort(struct ref_sort *s, struct refinfo *a, struct refinfo *b)
 679 {
 680         struct atom_value *va, *vb;
 681         int cmp;
 682         cmp_type cmp_type = used_atom_type[s->atom];
 683
 684         get_value(a, s->atom, &va);
 685         get_value(b, s->atom, &vb);
 686         switch (cmp_type) {
 687         case FIELD_STR:
 688                 cmp = strcmp(va->s, vb->s);
 689                 break;
 690         default:
 691                 if (va->ul < vb->ul)
 692                         cmp = -1;
 693                 else if (va->ul == vb->ul)
 694                         cmp = 0;
 695                 else
 696                         cmp = 1;
 697                 break;
 698         }
 699         return (s->reverse) ? -cmp : cmp;
 700 }
 701
 702 static struct ref_sort *ref_sort;
 703 static int compare_refs(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 704 {
 705         struct refinfo *a = *((struct refinfo **)a_);
 706         struct refinfo *b = *((struct refinfo **)b_);
 707         struct ref_sort *s;
 708
 709         for (s = ref_sort; s; s = s->next) {
 710                 int cmp = cmp_ref_sort(s, a, b);
 711                 if (cmp)
 712                         return cmp;
 713         }
 714         return 0;
 715 }
 716
 717 static void sort_refs(struct ref_sort *sort, struct refinfo **refs, int num_refs)
 718 {
 719         ref_sort = sort;
 720         qsort(refs, num_refs, sizeof(struct refinfo *), compare_refs);
 721 }
 722
 723 static void print_value(struct refinfo *ref, int atom, int quote_style)
 724 {
 725         struct atom_value *v;
 726         get_value(ref, atom, &v);
 727         switch (quote_style) {
 728         case QUOTE_NONE:
 729                 fputs(v->s, stdout);
 730                 break;
 731         case QUOTE_SHELL:
 732                 sq_quote_print(stdout, v->s);
 733                 break;
 734         case QUOTE_PERL:
 735                 perl_quote_print(stdout, v->s);
 736                 break;
 737         case QUOTE_PYTHON:
 738                 python_quote_print(stdout, v->s);
 739                 break;
 740         case QUOTE_TCL:
 741                 tcl_quote_print(stdout, v->s);
 742                 break;
 743         }
 744 }
 745
 746 static int hex1(char ch)
 747 {
 748         if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9')
 749                 return ch - '0';
 750         else if ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'f')
 751                 return ch - 'a' + 10;
 752         else if ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'F')
 753                 return ch - 'A' + 10;
 754         return -1;
 755 }
 756 static int hex2(const char *cp)
 757 {
 758         if (cp[0] && cp[1])
 759                 return (hex1(cp[0]) << 4) | hex1(cp[1]);
 760         else
 761                 return -1;
 762 }
 763
 764 static void emit(const char *cp, const char *ep)
 765 {
 766         while (*cp && (!ep || cp < ep)) {
 767                 if (*cp == '%') {
 768                         if (cp[1] == '%')
 769                                 cp++;
 770                         else {
 771                                 int ch = hex2(cp + 1);
 772                                 if (0 <= ch) {
 773                                         putchar(ch);
 774                                         cp += 3;
 775                                         continue;
 776                                 }
 777                         }
 778                 }
 779                 putchar(*cp);
 780                 cp++;
 781         }
 782 }
 783
 784 static void show_ref(struct refinfo *info, const char *format, int quote_style)
 785 {
 786         const char *cp, *sp, *ep;
 787
 788         for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); cp = ep + 1) {
 789                 ep = strchr(sp, ')');
 790                 if (cp < sp)
 791                         emit(cp, sp);
 792                 print_value(info, parse_atom(sp + 2, ep), quote_style);
 793         }
 794         if (*cp) {
 795                 sp = cp + strlen(cp);
 796                 emit(cp, sp);
 797         }
 798         putchar('\n');
 799 }
 800
 801 static struct ref_sort *default_sort(void)
 802 {
 803         static const char cstr_name[] = "refname";
 804
 805         struct ref_sort *sort = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*sort));
 806
 807         sort->next = NULL;
 808         sort->atom = parse_atom(cstr_name, cstr_name + strlen(cstr_name));
 809         return sort;
 810 }
 811
 812 int opt_parse_sort(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 813 {
 814         struct ref_sort **sort_tail = opt->value;
 815         struct ref_sort *s;
 816         int len;
 817
 818         if (!arg) /* should --no-sort void the list ? */
 819                 return -1;
 820
 821         *sort_tail = s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
 822         sort_tail = &s->next;
 823
 824         if (*arg == '-') {
 825                 s->reverse = 1;
 826                 arg++;
 827         }
 828         len = strlen(arg);
 829         s->atom = parse_atom(arg, arg+len);
 830         return 0;
 831 }
 832
 833 static char const * const for_each_ref_usage[] = {
 834         "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]",
 835         NULL
 836 };
 837
 838 int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 839 {
 840         int i, num_refs;
 841         const char *format = "%(objectname) %(objecttype)\t%(refname)";
 842         struct ref_sort *sort = NULL, **sort_tail = &sort;
 843         int maxcount = 0, quote_style = 0;
 844         struct refinfo **refs;
 845         struct grab_ref_cbdata cbdata;
 846
 847         struct option opts[] = {
 848                 OPT_BIT('s', "shell", &quote_style,
 849                         "quote placeholders suitably for shells", QUOTE_SHELL),
 850                 OPT_BIT('p', "perl",  &quote_style,
 851                         "quote placeholders suitably for perl", QUOTE_PERL),
 852                 OPT_BIT(0 , "python", &quote_style,
 853                         "quote placeholders suitably for python", QUOTE_PYTHON),
 854                 OPT_BIT(0 , "tcl",  &quote_style,
 855                         "quote placeholders suitably for tcl", QUOTE_TCL),
 856
 857                 OPT_GROUP(""),
 858                 OPT_INTEGER( 0 , "count", &maxcount, "show only <n> matched refs"),
 859                 OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format, "format", "format to use for the output"),
 860                 OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sort_tail, "key",
 861                             "field name to sort on", &opt_parse_sort),
 862                 OPT_END(),
 863         };
 864
 865         parse_options(argc, argv, opts, for_each_ref_usage, 0);
 866         if (maxcount < 0) {
 867                 error("invalid --count argument: `%d'", maxcount);
 868                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
 869         }
 870         if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(quote_style)) {
 871                 error("more than one quoting style?");
 872                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
 873         }
 874         if (verify_format(format))
 875                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
 876
 877         if (!sort)
 878                 sort = default_sort();
 879         sort_atom_limit = used_atom_cnt;
 880
 881         memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
 882         cbdata.grab_pattern = argv;
 883         for_each_ref(grab_single_ref, &cbdata);
 884         refs = cbdata.grab_array;
 885         num_refs = cbdata.grab_cnt;
 886
 887         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 888                 if (used_atom[i][0] == '*') {
 889                         need_tagged = 1;
 890                         break;
 891                 }
 892         }
 893
 894         sort_refs(sort, refs, num_refs);
 895
 896         if (!maxcount || num_refs < maxcount)
 897                 maxcount = num_refs;
 898         for (i = 0; i < maxcount; i++)
 899                 show_ref(refs[i], format, quote_style);
 900         return 0;
 901 }