6 git-rev-list - Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order
12 'git-rev-list' [ \--max-count=number ]
14 [ \--max-age=timestamp ]
15 [ \--min-age=timestamp ]
24 [ \--encoding[=<encoding>] ]
25 [ \--(author|committer|grep)=<pattern> ]
26 [ [\--objects | \--objects-edge] [ \--unpacked ] ]
27 [ \--pretty | \--header ]
32 <commit>... [ \-- <paths>... ]
37 Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order starting at the
38 given commit(s), taking ancestry relationship into account. This is
39 useful to produce human-readable log output.
41 Commits which are stated with a preceding '{caret}' cause listing to
42 stop at that point. Their parents are implied. Thus the following
45 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
46 $ git-rev-list foo bar ^baz
47 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
49 means "list all the commits which are included in 'foo' and 'bar', but
52 A special notation "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" can be used as a
53 short-hand for "{caret}'<commit1>' '<commit2>'". For example, either of
54 the following may be used interchangeably:
56 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
57 $ git-rev-list origin..HEAD
58 $ git-rev-list HEAD ^origin
59 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
61 Another special notation is "'<commit1>'...'<commit2>'" which is useful
62 for merges. The resulting set of commits is the symmetric difference
63 between the two operands. The following two commands are equivalent:
65 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
66 $ git-rev-list A B --not $(git-merge-base --all A B)
68 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
70 gitlink:git-rev-list[1] is a very essential git program, since it
71 provides the ability to build and traverse commit ancestry graphs. For
72 this reason, it has a lot of different options that enables it to be
73 used by commands as different as gitlink:git-bisect[1] and
74 gitlink:git-repack[1].
82 Using these options, gitlink:git-rev-list[1] will act similar to the
83 more specialized family of commit log tools: gitlink:git-log[1],
84 gitlink:git-show[1], and gitlink:git-whatchanged[1]
86 include::pretty-formats.txt[]
90 Show dates relative to the current time, e.g. "2 hours ago".
91 Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such
92 as when using "--pretty".
96 Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each record is
97 separated with a NUL character.
101 Print the parents of the commit.
106 Below are listed options that control the formatting of diff output.
107 Some of them are specific to gitlink:git-rev-list[1], however other diff
108 options may be given. See gitlink:git-diff-files[1] for more options.
112 This flag changes the way a merge commit is displayed. It shows
113 the differences from each of the parents to the merge result
114 simultaneously instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent
115 and the result one at a time. Furthermore, it lists only files
116 which were modified from all parents.
120 This flag implies the '-c' options and further compresses the
121 patch output by omitting hunks that show differences from only
122 one parent, or show the same change from all but one parent for
127 Show recursive diffs.
131 Show the tree objects in the diff output. This implies '-r'.
136 Besides specifying a range of commits that should be listed using the
137 special notations explained in the description, additional commit
138 limiting may be applied.
142 -n 'number', --max-count='number'::
144 Limit the number of commits output.
148 Skip 'number' commits before starting to show the commit output.
150 --since='date', --after='date'::
152 Show commits more recent than a specific date.
154 --until='date', --before='date'::
156 Show commits older than a specific date.
158 --max-age='timestamp', --min-age='timestamp'::
160 Limit the commits output to specified time range.
162 --author='pattern', --committer='pattern'::
164 Limit the commits output to ones with author/committer
165 header lines that match the specified pattern.
169 Limit the commits output to ones with log message that
170 matches the specified pattern.
174 Stop when a given path disappears from the tree.
178 Do not print commits with more than one parent.
182 Reverses the meaning of the '{caret}' prefix (or lack thereof)
183 for all following revision specifiers, up to the next '--not'.
187 Pretend as if all the refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/` are listed on the
188 command line as '<commit>'.
192 In addition to the '<commit>' listed on the command
193 line, read them from the standard input.
197 Instead of walking the commit ancestry chain, walk
198 reflog entries from the most recent one to older ones.
199 When this option is used you cannot specify commits to
200 exclude (that is, '{caret}commit', 'commit1..commit2',
201 nor 'commit1...commit2' notations cannot be used).
203 With '\--pretty' format other than oneline (for obvious reasons),
204 this causes the output to have two extra lines of information
205 taken from the reflog. By default, 'commit@{Nth}' notation is
206 used in the output. When the starting commit is specified as
207 'commit@{now}', output also uses 'commit@{timestamp}' notation
208 instead. Under '\--pretty=oneline', the commit message is
209 prefixed with this information on the same line.
213 After a failed merge, show refs that touch files having a
214 conflict and don't exist on all heads to merge.
218 Output uninteresting commits at the boundary, which are usually
223 When optional paths are given, the default behaviour ('--dense') is to
224 only output commits that changes at least one of them, and also ignore
225 merges that do not touch the given paths.
227 Use the '--sparse' flag to makes the command output all eligible commits
228 (still subject to count and age limitation), but apply merge
229 simplification nevertheless.
233 Limit output to the one commit object which is roughly halfway between
234 the included and excluded commits. Thus, if
236 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
237 $ git-rev-list --bisect foo ^bar ^baz
238 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
240 outputs 'midpoint', the output of the two commands
242 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
243 $ git-rev-list foo ^midpoint
244 $ git-rev-list midpoint ^bar ^baz
245 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
247 would be of roughly the same length. Finding the change which
248 introduces a regression is thus reduced to a binary search: repeatedly
249 generate and test new 'midpoint's until the commit chain is of length
257 By default, the commits are shown in reverse chronological order.
261 This option makes them appear in topological order (i.e.
262 descendant commits are shown before their parents).
266 This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
267 parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise things
268 are still ordered in the commit timestamp order.
272 Output the commits in reverse order.
277 These options are mostly targeted for packing of git repositories.
281 Print the object IDs of any object referenced by the listed
282 commits. 'git-rev-list --objects foo ^bar' thus means "send me
283 all object IDs which I need to download if I have the commit
284 object 'bar', but not 'foo'".
288 Similar to '--objects', but also print the IDs of excluded
289 commits prefixed with a "-" character. This is used by
290 gitlink:git-pack-objects[1] to build "thin" pack, which records
291 objects in deltified form based on objects contained in these
292 excluded commits to reduce network traffic.
296 Only useful with '--objects'; print the object IDs that are not
301 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
305 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Jonas Fonseca
306 and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
310 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite