6 git-checkout - Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
11 'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [<branch>]
12 'git checkout' [-q] [-f] [-m] [-b <new_branch>] [<start_point>]
13 'git checkout' [-f|--ours|--theirs|-m|--conflict=<style>] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...
14 'git checkout' --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]
18 Updates files in the working tree to match the version in the index
19 or the specified tree. If no paths are given, 'git checkout' will
20 also update `HEAD` to set the specified branch as the current
23 'git checkout' [<branch>]::
24 'git checkout' -b <new branch> [<start point>]::
26 This form switches branches by updating the index, working
27 tree, and HEAD to reflect the specified branch.
29 If `-b` is given, a new branch is created as if linkgit:git-branch[1]
30 were called and then checked out; in this case you can
31 use the `--track` or `--no-track` options, which will be passed to
32 'git branch'. As a convenience, `--track` without `-b` implies branch
33 creation; see the description of `--track` below.
35 'git checkout' [--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...::
37 When <paths> or `--patch` are given, 'git checkout' *not* switch
38 branches. It updates the named paths in the working tree from
39 the index file or from a named <tree-ish> (most often a commit). In
40 this case, the `-b` and `--track` options are meaningless and giving
41 either of them results in an error. The <tree-ish> argument can be
42 used to specify a specific tree-ish (i.e. commit, tag or tree)
43 to update the index for the given paths before updating the
46 The index may contain unmerged entries because of a previous failed merge.
47 By default, if you try to check out such an entry from the index, the
48 checkout operation will fail and nothing will be checked out.
49 Using `-f` will ignore these unmerged entries. The contents from a
50 specific side of the merge can be checked out of the index by
51 using `--ours` or `--theirs`. With `-m`, changes made to the working tree
52 file can be discarded to re-create the original conflicted merge result.
58 Quiet, suppress feedback messages.
62 When switching branches, proceed even if the index or the
63 working tree differs from HEAD. This is used to throw away
66 When checking out paths from the index, do not fail upon unmerged
67 entries; instead, unmerged entries are ignored.
71 When checking out paths from the index, check out stage #2
72 ('ours') or #3 ('theirs') for unmerged paths.
75 Create a new branch named <new_branch> and start it at
76 <start_point>; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
80 When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration. See
81 "--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
83 If no '-b' option is given, the name of the new branch will be
84 derived from the remote branch. If "remotes/" or "refs/remotes/"
85 is prefixed it is stripped away, and then the part up to the
86 next slash (which would be the nickname of the remote) is removed.
87 This would tell us to use "hack" as the local branch when branching
88 off of "origin/hack" (or "remotes/origin/hack", or even
89 "refs/remotes/origin/hack"). If the given name has no slash, or the above
90 guessing results in an empty name, the guessing is aborted. You can
91 explicitly give a name with '-b' in such a case.
94 Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
95 branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
98 Create the new branch's reflog; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for
103 When switching branches,
104 if you have local modifications to one or more files that
105 are different between the current branch and the branch to
106 which you are switching, the command refuses to switch
107 branches in order to preserve your modifications in context.
108 However, with this option, a three-way merge between the current
109 branch, your working tree contents, and the new branch
110 is done, and you will be on the new branch.
112 When a merge conflict happens, the index entries for conflicting
113 paths are left unmerged, and you need to resolve the conflicts
114 and mark the resolved paths with `git add` (or `git rm` if the merge
115 should result in deletion of the path).
117 When checking out paths from the index, this option lets you recreate
118 the conflicted merge in the specified paths.
121 The same as --merge option above, but changes the way the
122 conflicting hunks are presented, overriding the
123 merge.conflictstyle configuration variable. Possible values are
124 "merge" (default) and "diff3" (in addition to what is shown by
125 "merge" style, shows the original contents).
129 Interactively select hunks in the difference between the
130 <tree-ish> (or the index, if unspecified) and the working
131 tree. The chosen hunks are then applied in reverse to the
132 working tree (and if a <tree-ish> was specified, the index).
134 This means that you can use `git checkout -p` to selectively discard
135 edits from your current working tree.
138 Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that,
139 when prepended with "refs/heads/", is a valid ref), then that
140 branch is checked out. Otherwise, if it refers to a valid
141 commit, your HEAD becomes "detached" and you are no longer on
142 any branch (see below for details).
144 As a special case, the `"@\{-N\}"` syntax for the N-th last branch
145 checks out the branch (instead of detaching). You may also specify
146 `-` which is synonymous with `"@\{-1\}"`.
148 As a further special case, you may use `"A...B"` as a shortcut for the
149 merge base of `A` and `B` if there is exactly one merge base. You can
150 leave out at most one of `A` and `B`, in which case it defaults to `HEAD`.
153 Name for the new branch.
156 The name of a commit at which to start the new branch; see
157 linkgit:git-branch[1] for details. Defaults to HEAD.
160 Tree to checkout from (when paths are given). If not specified,
161 the index will be used.
168 It is sometimes useful to be able to 'checkout' a commit that is
169 not at the tip of one of your branches. The most obvious
170 example is to check out the commit at a tagged official release
174 $ git checkout v2.6.18
177 Earlier versions of git did not allow this and asked you to
178 create a temporary branch using the `-b` option, but starting from
179 version 1.5.0, the above command 'detaches' your HEAD from the
180 current branch and directly points at the commit named by the tag
181 (`v2.6.18` in the example above).
183 You can use all git commands while in this state. You can use
184 `git reset --hard $othercommit` to further move around, for
185 example. You can make changes and create a new commit on top of
186 a detached HEAD. You can even create a merge by using `git
189 The state you are in while your HEAD is detached is not recorded
190 by any branch (which is natural --- you are not on any branch).
191 What this means is that you can discard your temporary commits
192 and merges by switching back to an existing branch (e.g. `git
193 checkout master`), and a later `git prune` or `git gc` would
194 garbage-collect them. If you did this by mistake, you can ask
195 the reflog for HEAD where you were, e.g.
205 . The following sequence checks out the `master` branch, reverts
206 the `Makefile` to two revisions back, deletes hello.c by
207 mistake, and gets it back from the index.
210 $ git checkout master <1>
211 $ git checkout master~2 Makefile <2>
213 $ git checkout hello.c <3>
217 <2> take a file out of another commit
218 <3> restore hello.c from the index
220 If you have an unfortunate branch that is named `hello.c`, this
221 step would be confused as an instruction to switch to that branch.
222 You should instead write:
225 $ git checkout -- hello.c
228 . After working in the wrong branch, switching to the correct
229 branch would be done using:
232 $ git checkout mytopic
235 However, your "wrong" branch and correct "mytopic" branch may
236 differ in files that you have modified locally, in which case
237 the above checkout would fail like this:
240 $ git checkout mytopic
241 fatal: Entry 'frotz' not uptodate. Cannot merge.
244 You can give the `-m` flag to the command, which would try a
248 $ git checkout -m mytopic
252 After this three-way merge, the local modifications are _not_
253 registered in your index file, so `git diff` would show you what
254 changes you made since the tip of the new branch.
256 . When a merge conflict happens during switching branches with
257 the `-m` option, you would see something like this:
260 $ git checkout -m mytopic
262 ERROR: Merge conflict in frotz
263 fatal: merge program failed
266 At this point, `git diff` shows the changes cleanly merged as in
267 the previous example, as well as the changes in the conflicted
268 files. Edit and resolve the conflict and mark it resolved with
279 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
283 Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
287 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite