6 git-ls-files - Information about files in the cache/working directory
11 'git-ls-files' [-z] [-t]
12 (--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])\*
13 (-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])\*
14 [-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
15 [-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
16 [--exclude-per-directory=<file>] [--] [<file>]\*
20 This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the
21 actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the
24 One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
30 Show cached files in the output (default)
33 Show deleted files in the output
36 Show modified files in the output
39 Show other files in the output
42 Show ignored files in the output
43 Note the this also reverses any exclude list present.
46 Show stage files in the output
49 Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
52 Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
53 to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
57 \0 line termination on output.
59 -x|--exclude=<pattern>::
60 Skips files matching pattern.
61 Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern.
63 -X|--exclude-from=<file>::
64 exclude patterns are read from <file>; 1 per line.
66 --exclude-per-directory=<file>::
67 read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
68 directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
71 Identify the file status with the following tags (followed by
72 a space) at the start of each line:
81 Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
84 Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
85 specified criteria are shown.
89 show files just outputs the filename unless '--stage' is specified in
90 which case it outputs:
92 [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
94 "git-ls-files --unmerged" and "git-ls-files --stage" can be used to examine
95 detailed information on unmerged paths.
97 For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair,
98 the dircache records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
99 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3. This information can be used by
100 the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
101 path. (see git-read-tree for more information on state)
103 When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
104 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
111 'git-ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
112 traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
113 flags --others or --ignored are specified.
115 These exclude patterns come from these places:
117 1. command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a single
120 2. command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a list of
121 patterns stored in a file.
123 3. command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
124 a name of the file in each directory 'git-ls-files'
125 examines, and if exists, its contents are used as an
126 additional list of patterns.
128 An exclude pattern file used by (2) and (3) contains one pattern
129 per line. A line that starts with a '#' can be used as comment
132 There are three lists of patterns that are in effect at a given
133 time. They are built and ordered in the following way:
135 * --exclude=<pattern> from the command line; patterns are
136 ordered in the same order as they appear on the command line.
138 * lines read from --exclude-from=<file>; patterns are ordered
139 in the same order as they appear in the file.
141 * When --exclude-per-directory=<name> is specified, upon
142 entering a directory that has such a file, its contents are
143 appended at the end of the current "list of patterns". They
144 are popped off when leaving the directory.
146 Each pattern in the pattern list specifies "a match pattern" and
147 optionally the fate; either a file that matches the pattern is
148 considered excluded or included. A filename is matched against
149 the patterns in the three lists; the --exclude-from list is
150 checked first, then the --exclude-per-directory list, and then
151 finally the --exclude list. The last match determines its fate.
152 If there is no match in the three lists, the fate is "included".
154 A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
155 from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
156 top of the directory tree. A pattern read from a file specified
157 by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
158 pattern file appears in.
160 An exclude pattern is of the following format:
162 - an optional prefix '!' which means that the fate this pattern
163 specifies is "include", not the usual "exclude"; the
164 remainder of the pattern string is interpreted according to
167 - if it does not contain a slash '/', it is a shell glob
168 pattern and used to match against the filename without
169 leading directories (i.e. the same way as the current
172 - otherwise, it is a shell glob pattern, suitable for
173 consumption by fnmatch(3) with FNM_PATHNAME flag. I.e. a
174 slash in the pattern must match a slash in the pathname.
175 "Documentation/\*.html" matches "Documentation/git.html" but
176 not "ppc/ppc.html". As a natural exception, "/*.c" matches
177 "cat-file.c" but not "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
181 --------------------------------------------------------------
183 # ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
185 $ cat Documentation/.gitignore
186 # ignore generated html files,
188 # except foo.html which is maintained by hand
190 $ git-ls-files --ignored \
191 --exclude='Documentation/*.[0-9]' \
192 --exclude-from=.git/ignore \
193 --exclude-per-directory=.gitignore
194 --------------------------------------------------------------
199 gitlink:git-read-tree[1]
204 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
208 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
212 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite