Racy GIT (part #2)

[git/jrn.git] / read-cache.c

/*
 * GIT - The information manager from hell
 *
 * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
 */
#include "cache.h"

struct cache_entry **active_cache = NULL;
static time_t index_file_timestamp;
unsigned int active_nr = 0, active_alloc = 0, active_cache_changed = 0;

/*
 * This only updates the "non-critical" parts of the directory
 * cache, ie the parts that aren't tracked by GIT, and only used
 * to validate the cache.
 */
void fill_stat_cache_info(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
{
        ce->ce_ctime.sec = htonl(st->st_ctime);
        ce->ce_mtime.sec = htonl(st->st_mtime);
#ifdef USE_NSEC
        ce->ce_ctime.nsec = htonl(st->st_ctim.tv_nsec);
        ce->ce_mtime.nsec = htonl(st->st_mtim.tv_nsec);
#endif
        ce->ce_dev = htonl(st->st_dev);
        ce->ce_ino = htonl(st->st_ino);
        ce->ce_uid = htonl(st->st_uid);
        ce->ce_gid = htonl(st->st_gid);
        ce->ce_size = htonl(st->st_size);
}

static int ce_compare_data(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
{
        int match = -1;
        int fd = open(ce->name, O_RDONLY);

        if (fd >= 0) {
                unsigned char sha1[20];
                if (!index_fd(sha1, fd, st, 0, NULL))
                        match = memcmp(sha1, ce->sha1, 20);
                close(fd);
        }
        return match;
}

static int ce_compare_link(struct cache_entry *ce, unsigned long expected_size)
{
        int match = -1;
        char *target;
        void *buffer;
        unsigned long size;
        char type[10];
        int len;

        target = xmalloc(expected_size);
        len = readlink(ce->name, target, expected_size);
        if (len != expected_size) {
                free(target);
                return -1;
        }
        buffer = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, type, &size);
        if (!buffer) {
                free(target);
                return -1;
        }
        if (size == expected_size)
                match = memcmp(buffer, target, size);
        free(buffer);
        free(target);
        return match;
}

static int ce_modified_check_fs(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
{
        switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
        case S_IFREG:
                if (ce_compare_data(ce, st))
                        return DATA_CHANGED;
                break;
        case S_IFLNK:
                if (ce_compare_link(ce, st->st_size))
                        return DATA_CHANGED;
                break;
        default:
                return TYPE_CHANGED;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
{
        unsigned int changed = 0;

        switch (ntohl(ce->ce_mode) & S_IFMT) {
        case S_IFREG:
                changed |= !S_ISREG(st->st_mode) ? TYPE_CHANGED : 0;
                /* We consider only the owner x bit to be relevant for
                 * "mode changes"
                 */
                if (trust_executable_bit &&
                    (0100 & (ntohl(ce->ce_mode) ^ st->st_mode)))
                        changed |= MODE_CHANGED;
                break;
        case S_IFLNK:
                changed |= !S_ISLNK(st->st_mode) ? TYPE_CHANGED : 0;
                break;
        default:
                die("internal error: ce_mode is %o", ntohl(ce->ce_mode));
        }
        if (ce->ce_mtime.sec != htonl(st->st_mtime))
                changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
        if (ce->ce_ctime.sec != htonl(st->st_ctime))
                changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;

#ifdef USE_NSEC
        /*
         * nsec seems unreliable - not all filesystems support it, so
         * as long as it is in the inode cache you get right nsec
         * but after it gets flushed, you get zero nsec.
         */
        if (ce->ce_mtime.nsec != htonl(st->st_mtim.tv_nsec))
                changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
        if (ce->ce_ctime.nsec != htonl(st->st_ctim.tv_nsec))
                changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
#endif  

        if (ce->ce_uid != htonl(st->st_uid) ||
            ce->ce_gid != htonl(st->st_gid))
                changed |= OWNER_CHANGED;
        if (ce->ce_ino != htonl(st->st_ino))
                changed |= INODE_CHANGED;

#ifdef USE_STDEV
        /*
         * st_dev breaks on network filesystems where different
         * clients will have different views of what "device"
         * the filesystem is on
         */
        if (ce->ce_dev != htonl(st->st_dev))
                changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
#endif

        if (ce->ce_size != htonl(st->st_size))
                changed |= DATA_CHANGED;

        return changed;
}

int ce_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
{
        unsigned int changed = ce_match_stat_basic(ce, st);

        /*
         * Within 1 second of this sequence:
         *      echo xyzzy >file && git-update-index --add file
         * running this command:
         *      echo frotz >file
         * would give a falsely clean cache entry.  The mtime and
         * length match the cache, and other stat fields do not change.
         *
         * We could detect this at update-index time (the cache entry
         * being registered/updated records the same time as "now")
         * and delay the return from git-update-index, but that would
         * effectively mean we can make at most one commit per second,
         * which is not acceptable.  Instead, we check cache entries
         * whose mtime are the same as the index file timestamp more
         * careful than others.
         */
        if (!changed &&
            index_file_timestamp &&
            index_file_timestamp <= ntohl(ce->ce_mtime.sec))
                changed |= ce_modified_check_fs(ce, st);

        return changed;
}

int ce_modified(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
{
        int changed, changed_fs;
        changed = ce_match_stat(ce, st);
        if (!changed)
                return 0;
        /*
         * If the mode or type has changed, there's no point in trying
         * to refresh the entry - it's not going to match
         */
        if (changed & (MODE_CHANGED | TYPE_CHANGED))
                return changed;

        /* Immediately after read-tree or update-index --cacheinfo,
         * the length field is zero.  For other cases the ce_size
         * should match the SHA1 recorded in the index entry.
         */
        if ((changed & DATA_CHANGED) && ce->ce_size != htonl(0))
                return changed;

        changed_fs = ce_modified_check_fs(ce, st);
        if (changed_fs)
                return changed | changed_fs;
        return 0;
}

int base_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1,
                      const char *name2, int len2, int mode2)
{
        unsigned char c1, c2;
        int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2;
        int cmp;

        cmp = memcmp(name1, name2, len);
        if (cmp)
                return cmp;
        c1 = name1[len];
        c2 = name2[len];
        if (!c1 && S_ISDIR(mode1))
                c1 = '/';
        if (!c2 && S_ISDIR(mode2))
                c2 = '/';
        return (c1 < c2) ? -1 : (c1 > c2) ? 1 : 0;
}

int cache_name_compare(const char *name1, int flags1, const char *name2, int flags2)
{
        int len1 = flags1 & CE_NAMEMASK;
        int len2 = flags2 & CE_NAMEMASK;
        int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2;
        int cmp;

        cmp = memcmp(name1, name2, len);
        if (cmp)
                return cmp;
        if (len1 < len2)
                return -1;
        if (len1 > len2)
                return 1;
        if (flags1 < flags2)
                return -1;
        if (flags1 > flags2)
                return 1;
        return 0;
}

int cache_name_pos(const char *name, int namelen)
{
        int first, last;

        first = 0;
        last = active_nr;
        while (last > first) {
                int next = (last + first) >> 1;
                struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[next];
                int cmp = cache_name_compare(name, namelen, ce->name, ntohs(ce->ce_flags));
                if (!cmp)
                        return next;
                if (cmp < 0) {
                        last = next;
                        continue;
                }
                first = next+1;
        }
        return -first-1;
}

/* Remove entry, return true if there are more entries to go.. */
int remove_cache_entry_at(int pos)
{
        active_cache_changed = 1;
        active_nr--;
        if (pos >= active_nr)
                return 0;
        memmove(active_cache + pos, active_cache + pos + 1, (active_nr - pos) * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
        return 1;
}

int remove_file_from_cache(const char *path)
{
        int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
        if (pos < 0)
                pos = -pos-1;
        while (pos < active_nr && !strcmp(active_cache[pos]->name, path))
                remove_cache_entry_at(pos);
        return 0;
}

int ce_same_name(struct cache_entry *a, struct cache_entry *b)
{
        int len = ce_namelen(a);
        return ce_namelen(b) == len && !memcmp(a->name, b->name, len);
}

int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, const char **pathspec)
{
        const char *match, *name;
        int len;

        if (!pathspec)
                return 1;

        len = ce_namelen(ce);
        name = ce->name;
        while ((match = *pathspec++) != NULL) {
                int matchlen = strlen(match);
                if (matchlen > len)
                        continue;
                if (memcmp(name, match, matchlen))
                        continue;
                if (matchlen && name[matchlen-1] == '/')
                        return 1;
                if (name[matchlen] == '/' || !name[matchlen])
                        return 1;
                if (!matchlen)
                        return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Do we have another file that has the beginning components being a
 * proper superset of the name we're trying to add?
 */
static int has_file_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
{
        int retval = 0;
        int len = ce_namelen(ce);
        int stage = ce_stage(ce);
        const char *name = ce->name;

        while (pos < active_nr) {
                struct cache_entry *p = active_cache[pos++];

                if (len >= ce_namelen(p))
                        break;
                if (memcmp(name, p->name, len))
                        break;
                if (ce_stage(p) != stage)
                        continue;
                if (p->name[len] != '/')
                        continue;
                retval = -1;
                if (!ok_to_replace)
                        break;
                remove_cache_entry_at(--pos);
        }
        return retval;
}

/*
 * Do we have another file with a pathname that is a proper
 * subset of the name we're trying to add?
 */
static int has_dir_name(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
{
        int retval = 0;
        int stage = ce_stage(ce);
        const char *name = ce->name;
        const char *slash = name + ce_namelen(ce);

        for (;;) {
                int len;

                for (;;) {
                        if (*--slash == '/')
                                break;
                        if (slash <= ce->name)
                                return retval;
                }
                len = slash - name;

                pos = cache_name_pos(name, ntohs(create_ce_flags(len, stage)));
                if (pos >= 0) {
                        retval = -1;
                        if (ok_to_replace)
                                break;
                        remove_cache_entry_at(pos);
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Trivial optimization: if we find an entry that
                 * already matches the sub-directory, then we know
                 * we're ok, and we can exit.
                 */
                pos = -pos-1;
                while (pos < active_nr) {
                        struct cache_entry *p = active_cache[pos];
                        if ((ce_namelen(p) <= len) ||
                            (p->name[len] != '/') ||
                            memcmp(p->name, name, len))
                                break; /* not our subdirectory */
                        if (ce_stage(p) == stage)
                                /* p is at the same stage as our entry, and
                                 * is a subdirectory of what we are looking
                                 * at, so we cannot have conflicts at our
                                 * level or anything shorter.
                                 */
                                return retval;
                        pos++;
                }
        }
        return retval;
}

/* We may be in a situation where we already have path/file and path
 * is being added, or we already have path and path/file is being
 * added.  Either one would result in a nonsense tree that has path
 * twice when git-write-tree tries to write it out.  Prevent it.
 * 
 * If ok-to-replace is specified, we remove the conflicting entries
 * from the cache so the caller should recompute the insert position.
 * When this happens, we return non-zero.
 */
static int check_file_directory_conflict(const struct cache_entry *ce, int pos, int ok_to_replace)
{
        /*
         * We check if the path is a sub-path of a subsequent pathname
         * first, since removing those will not change the position
         * in the array
         */
        int retval = has_file_name(ce, pos, ok_to_replace);
        /*
         * Then check if the path might have a clashing sub-directory
         * before it.
         */
        return retval + has_dir_name(ce, pos, ok_to_replace);
}

int add_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int option)
{
        int pos;
        int ok_to_add = option & ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD;
        int ok_to_replace = option & ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE;
        int skip_df_check = option & ADD_CACHE_SKIP_DFCHECK;
        pos = cache_name_pos(ce->name, ntohs(ce->ce_flags));

        /* existing match? Just replace it. */
        if (pos >= 0) {
                active_cache_changed = 1;
                active_cache[pos] = ce;
                return 0;
        }
        pos = -pos-1;

        /*
         * Inserting a merged entry ("stage 0") into the index
         * will always replace all non-merged entries..
         */
        if (pos < active_nr && ce_stage(ce) == 0) {
                while (ce_same_name(active_cache[pos], ce)) {
                        ok_to_add = 1;
                        if (!remove_cache_entry_at(pos))
                                break;
                }
        }

        if (!ok_to_add)
                return -1;

        if (!skip_df_check &&
            check_file_directory_conflict(ce, pos, ok_to_replace)) {
                if (!ok_to_replace)
                        return -1;
                pos = cache_name_pos(ce->name, ntohs(ce->ce_flags));
                pos = -pos-1;
        }

        /* Make sure the array is big enough .. */
        if (active_nr == active_alloc) {
                active_alloc = alloc_nr(active_alloc);
                active_cache = xrealloc(active_cache, active_alloc * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
        }

        /* Add it in.. */
        active_nr++;
        if (active_nr > pos)
                memmove(active_cache + pos + 1, active_cache + pos, (active_nr - pos - 1) * sizeof(ce));
        active_cache[pos] = ce;
        active_cache_changed = 1;
        return 0;
}

static int verify_hdr(struct cache_header *hdr, unsigned long size)
{
        SHA_CTX c;
        unsigned char sha1[20];

        if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE))
                return error("bad signature");
        if (hdr->hdr_version != htonl(2))
                return error("bad index version");
        SHA1_Init(&c);
        SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, size - 20);
        SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
        if (memcmp(sha1, (void *)hdr + size - 20, 20))
                return error("bad index file sha1 signature");
        return 0;
}

int read_cache(void)
{
        int fd, i;
        struct stat st;
        unsigned long size, offset;
        void *map;
        struct cache_header *hdr;

        errno = EBUSY;
        if (active_cache)
                return active_nr;

        errno = ENOENT;
        index_file_timestamp = 0;
        fd = open(get_index_file(), O_RDONLY);
        if (fd < 0) {
                if (errno == ENOENT)
                        return 0;
                die("index file open failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
        }

        size = 0; // avoid gcc warning
        map = MAP_FAILED;
        if (!fstat(fd, &st)) {
                size = st.st_size;
                errno = EINVAL;
                if (size >= sizeof(struct cache_header) + 20)
                        map = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
        }
        close(fd);
        if (map == MAP_FAILED)
                die("index file mmap failed (%s)", strerror(errno));

        hdr = map;
        if (verify_hdr(hdr, size) < 0)
                goto unmap;

        active_nr = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
        active_alloc = alloc_nr(active_nr);
        active_cache = calloc(active_alloc, sizeof(struct cache_entry *));

        offset = sizeof(*hdr);
        for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
                struct cache_entry *ce = map + offset;
                offset = offset + ce_size(ce);
                active_cache[i] = ce;
        }
        index_file_timestamp = st.st_mtime;
        return active_nr;

unmap:
        munmap(map, size);
        errno = EINVAL;
        die("index file corrupt");
}

#define WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE 8192
static unsigned char write_buffer[WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE];
static unsigned long write_buffer_len;

static int ce_write(SHA_CTX *context, int fd, void *data, unsigned int len)
{
        while (len) {
                unsigned int buffered = write_buffer_len;
                unsigned int partial = WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE - buffered;
                if (partial > len)
                        partial = len;
                memcpy(write_buffer + buffered, data, partial);
                buffered += partial;
                if (buffered == WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
                        SHA1_Update(context, write_buffer, WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE);
                        if (write(fd, write_buffer, WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE) != WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE)
                                return -1;
                        buffered = 0;
                }
                write_buffer_len = buffered;
                len -= partial;
                data += partial;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int ce_flush(SHA_CTX *context, int fd)
{
        unsigned int left = write_buffer_len;

        if (left) {
                write_buffer_len = 0;
                SHA1_Update(context, write_buffer, left);
        }

        /* Flush first if not enough space for SHA1 signature */
        if (left + 20 > WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
                if (write(fd, write_buffer, left) != left)
                        return -1;
                left = 0;
        }

        /* Append the SHA1 signature at the end */
        SHA1_Final(write_buffer + left, context);
        left += 20;
        if (write(fd, write_buffer, left) != left)
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

static void ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(struct cache_entry *ce)
{
        /*
         * The only thing we care about in this function is to smudge the
         * falsely clean entry due to touch-update-touch race, so we leave
         * everything else as they are.  We are called for entries whose
         * ce_mtime match the index file mtime.
         */
        struct stat st;

        if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0)
                return;
        if (ce_match_stat_basic(ce, &st))
                return;
        if (ce_modified_check_fs(ce, &st)) {
                /* This is "racily clean"; smudge it */
                ce->ce_size = htonl(0);
        }
}

int write_cache(int newfd, struct cache_entry **cache, int entries)
{
        SHA_CTX c;
        struct cache_header hdr;
        int i, removed;

        for (i = removed = 0; i < entries; i++)
                if (!cache[i]->ce_mode)
                        removed++;

        hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE);
        hdr.hdr_version = htonl(2);
        hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(entries - removed);

        SHA1_Init(&c);
        if (ce_write(&c, newfd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0)
                return -1;

        for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
                struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
                if (!ce->ce_mode)
                        continue;
                if (index_file_timestamp &&
                    index_file_timestamp <= ntohl(ce->ce_mtime.sec))
                        ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(ce);
                if (ce_write(&c, newfd, ce, ce_size(ce)) < 0)
                        return -1;
        }
        return ce_flush(&c, newfd);
}