6 git-submodule - Initialize, update or inspect submodules
12 'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b branch]
13 [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
14 'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
15 'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
16 'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [--rebase]
17 [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
18 'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]
19 'git submodule' [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
20 'git submodule' [--quiet] sync [--] [<path>...]
25 Submodules allow foreign repositories to be embedded within
26 a dedicated subdirectory of the source tree, always pointed
27 at a particular commit.
29 They are not to be confused with remotes, which are meant mainly
30 for branches of the same project; submodules are meant for
31 different projects you would like to make part of your source tree,
32 while the history of the two projects still stays completely
33 independent and you cannot modify the contents of the submodule
34 from within the main project.
35 If you want to merge the project histories and want to treat the
36 aggregated whole as a single project from then on, you may want to
37 add a remote for the other project and use the 'subtree' merge strategy,
38 instead of treating the other project as a submodule. Directories
39 that come from both projects can be cloned and checked out as a whole
40 if you choose to go that route.
42 Submodules are composed from a so-called `gitlink` tree entry
43 in the main repository that refers to a particular commit object
44 within the inner repository that is completely separate.
45 A record in the `.gitmodules` file at the root of the source
46 tree assigns a logical name to the submodule and describes
47 the default URL the submodule shall be cloned from.
48 The logical name can be used for overriding this URL within your
49 local repository configuration (see 'submodule init').
51 This command will manage the tree entries and contents of the
52 gitmodules file for you, as well as inspect the status of your
53 submodules and update them.
54 When adding a new submodule to the tree, the 'add' subcommand
55 is to be used. However, when pulling a tree containing submodules,
56 these will not be checked out by default;
57 the 'init' and 'update' subcommands will maintain submodules
58 checked out and at appropriate revision in your working tree.
59 You can briefly inspect the up-to-date status of your submodules
60 using the 'status' subcommand and get a detailed overview of the
61 difference between the index and checkouts using the 'summary'
68 Add the given repository as a submodule at the given path
69 to the changeset to be committed next to the current
70 project: the current project is termed the "superproject".
72 This requires at least one argument: <repository>. The optional
73 argument <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule
74 to exist in the superproject. If <path> is not given, the
75 "humanish" part of the source repository is used ("repo" for
76 "/path/to/repo.git" and "foo" for "host.xz:foo/.git").
78 <repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository.
79 This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./
80 or ../), the location relative to the superproject's origin
83 <path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule to
84 exist in the superproject. If <path> does not exist, then the
85 submodule is created by cloning from the named URL. If <path> does
86 exist and is already a valid git repository, then this is added
87 to the changeset without cloning. This second form is provided
88 to ease creating a new submodule from scratch, and presumes
89 the user will later push the submodule to the given URL.
91 In either case, the given URL is recorded into .gitmodules for
92 use by subsequent users cloning the superproject. If the URL is
93 given relative to the superproject's repository, the presumption
94 is the superproject and submodule repositories will be kept
95 together in the same relative location, and only the
96 superproject's URL needs to be provided: git-submodule will correctly
97 locate the submodule using the relative URL in .gitmodules.
99 The submodule will be added with "git add --force <path>". I.e. git
100 doesn't care if the new path is in a `gitignore`. Your invocation of
101 "git submodule add" is considered enough to override it.
104 Show the status of the submodules. This will print the SHA-1 of the
105 currently checked out commit for each submodule, along with the
106 submodule path and the output of 'git describe' for the
107 SHA-1. Each SHA-1 will be prefixed with `-` if the submodule is not
108 initialized and `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
109 does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing
110 repository. This command is the default command for 'git submodule'.
112 If '--recursive' is specified, this command will recurse into nested
113 submodules, and show their status as well.
116 Initialize the submodules, i.e. register each submodule name
117 and url found in .gitmodules into .git/config.
118 The key used in .git/config is `submodule.$name.url`.
119 This command does not alter existing information in .git/config.
120 You can then customize the submodule clone URLs in .git/config
121 for your local setup and proceed to `git submodule update`;
122 you can also just use `git submodule update --init` without
123 the explicit 'init' step if you do not intend to customize
124 any submodule locations.
127 Update the registered submodules, i.e. clone missing submodules and
128 checkout the commit specified in the index of the containing repository.
129 This will make the submodules HEAD be detached unless '--rebase' or
130 '--merge' is specified or the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to
133 If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the
134 setting as stored in .gitmodules, you can automatically initialize the
135 submodule with the --init option.
137 If '--recursive' is specified, this command will recurse into the
138 registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within.
141 Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and
142 working tree/index. For a submodule in question, a series of commits
143 in the submodule between the given super project commit and the
144 index or working tree (switched by --cached) are shown. If the option
145 --files is given, show the series of commits in the submodule between
146 the index of the super project and the working tree of the submodule
147 (this option doesn't allow to use the --cached option or to provide an
151 Evaluates an arbitrary shell command in each checked out submodule.
152 The command has access to the variables $name, $path, $sha1 and
154 $name is the name of the relevant submodule section in .gitmodules,
155 $path is the name of the submodule directory relative to the
156 superproject, $sha1 is the commit as recorded in the superproject,
157 and $toplevel is the absolute path to the top-level of the superproject.
158 Any submodules defined in the superproject but not checked out are
159 ignored by this command. Unless given --quiet, foreach prints the name
160 of each submodule before evaluating the command.
161 If --recursive is given, submodules are traversed recursively (i.e.
162 the given shell command is evaluated in nested submodules as well).
163 A non-zero return from the command in any submodule causes
164 the processing to terminate. This can be overridden by adding '|| :'
165 to the end of the command.
167 As an example, +git submodule foreach \'echo $path {backtick}git
168 rev-parse HEAD{backtick}'+ will show the path and currently checked out
169 commit for each submodule.
172 Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting
173 to the value specified in .gitmodules. This is useful when
174 submodule URLs change upstream and you need to update your local
175 repositories accordingly.
177 "git submodule sync" synchronizes all submodules while
178 "git submodule sync -- A" synchronizes submodule "A" only.
184 Only print error messages.
188 Branch of repository to add as submodule.
191 This option is only valid for status and summary commands. These
192 commands typically use the commit found in the submodule HEAD, but
193 with this option, the commit stored in the index is used instead.
196 This option is only valid for the summary command. This command
197 compares the commit in the index with that in the submodule HEAD
198 when this option is used.
202 This option is only valid for the summary command.
203 Limit the summary size (number of commits shown in total).
204 Giving 0 will disable the summary; a negative number means unlimited
205 (the default). This limit only applies to modified submodules. The
206 size is always limited to 1 for added/deleted/typechanged submodules.
210 This option is only valid for the update command.
211 Don't fetch new objects from the remote site.
214 This option is only valid for the update command.
215 Merge the commit recorded in the superproject into the current branch
216 of the submodule. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will
217 not be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will
218 have to resolve the resulting conflicts within the submodule with the
219 usual conflict resolution tools.
220 If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `merge`, this option is
224 This option is only valid for the update command.
225 Rebase the current branch onto the commit recorded in the
226 superproject. If this option is given, the submodule's HEAD will not
227 be detached. If a merge failure prevents this process, you will have
228 to resolve these failures with linkgit:git-rebase[1].
229 If the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `rebase`, this option is
232 --reference <repository>::
233 This option is only valid for add and update commands. These
234 commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case,
235 this option will be passed to the linkgit:git-clone[1] command.
237 *NOTE*: Do *not* use this option unless you have read the note
238 for linkgit:git-clone[1]'s --reference and --shared options carefully.
241 This option is only valid for foreach, update and status commands.
242 Traverse submodules recursively. The operation is performed not
243 only in the submodules of the current repo, but also
244 in any nested submodules inside those submodules (and so on).
247 Paths to submodule(s). When specified this will restrict the command
248 to only operate on the submodules found at the specified paths.
249 (This argument is required with add).
253 When initializing submodules, a .gitmodules file in the top-level directory
254 of the containing repository is used to find the url of each submodule.
255 This file should be formatted in the same way as `$GIT_DIR/config`. The key
256 to each submodule url is "submodule.$name.url". See linkgit:gitmodules[5]
262 Written by Lars Hjemli <hjemli@gmail.com>
266 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite