6 git-rev-list - Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order
12 'git-rev-list' [ \--max-count=number ]
14 [ \--max-age=timestamp ]
15 [ \--min-age=timestamp ]
24 [ \--(author|committer|grep)=<pattern> ]
25 [ [\--objects | \--objects-edge] [ \--unpacked ] ]
26 [ \--pretty | \--header ]
29 <commit>... [ \-- <paths>... ]
34 Lists commit objects in reverse chronological order starting at the
35 given commit(s), taking ancestry relationship into account. This is
36 useful to produce human-readable log output.
38 Commits which are stated with a preceding '{caret}' cause listing to
39 stop at that point. Their parents are implied. Thus the following
42 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
43 $ git-rev-list foo bar ^baz
44 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
46 means "list all the commits which are included in 'foo' and 'bar', but
49 A special notation "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" can be used as a
50 short-hand for "{caret}'<commit1>' '<commit2>'". For example, either of
51 the following may be used interchangeably:
53 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
54 $ git-rev-list origin..HEAD
55 $ git-rev-list HEAD ^origin
56 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
58 Another special notation is "'<commit1>'...'<commit2>'" which is useful
59 for merges. The resulting set of commits is the symmetric difference
60 between the two operands. The following two commands are equivalent:
62 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
63 $ git-rev-list A B --not $(git-merge-base --all A B)
65 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
67 gitlink:git-rev-list[1] is a very essential git program, since it
68 provides the ability to build and traverse commit ancestry graphs. For
69 this reason, it has a lot of different options that enables it to be
70 used by commands as different as gitlink:git-bisect[1] and
71 gitlink:git-repack[1].
79 Using these options, gitlink:git-rev-list[1] will act similar to the
80 more specialized family of commit log tools: gitlink:git-log[1],
81 gitlink:git-show[1], and gitlink:git-whatchanged[1]
83 include::pretty-formats.txt[]
87 Show dates relative to the current time, e.g. "2 hours ago".
88 Only takes effect for dates shown in human-readable format, such
89 as when using "--pretty".
93 Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each record is
94 separated with a NUL character.
98 Print the parents of the commit.
103 Below are listed options that control the formatting of diff output.
104 Some of them are specific to gitlink:git-rev-list[1], however other diff
105 options may be given. See gitlink:git-diff-files[1] for more options.
109 This flag changes the way a merge commit is displayed. It shows
110 the differences from each of the parents to the merge result
111 simultaneously instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent
112 and the result one at a time. Furthermore, it lists only files
113 which were modified from all parents.
117 This flag implies the '-c' options and further compresses the
118 patch output by omitting hunks that show differences from only
119 one parent, or show the same change from all but one parent for
124 Show recursive diffs.
128 Show the tree objects in the diff output. This implies '-r'.
133 Besides specifying a range of commits that should be listed using the
134 special notations explained in the description, additional commit
135 limiting may be applied.
139 -n 'number', --max-count='number'::
141 Limit the number of commits output.
145 Skip 'number' commits before starting to show the commit output.
147 --since='date', --after='date'::
149 Show commits more recent than a specific date.
151 --until='date', --before='date'::
153 Show commits older than a specific date.
155 --max-age='timestamp', --min-age='timestamp'::
157 Limit the commits output to specified time range.
159 --author='pattern', --committer='pattern'::
161 Limit the commits output to ones with author/committer
162 header lines that match the specified pattern.
166 Limit the commits output to ones with log message that
167 matches the specified pattern.
171 Stop when a given path disappears from the tree.
175 Do not print commits with more than one parent.
179 Reverses the meaning of the '{caret}' prefix (or lack thereof)
180 for all following revision specifiers, up to the next '--not'.
184 Pretend as if all the refs in `$GIT_DIR/refs/` are listed on the
185 command line as '<commit>'.
189 In addition to the '<commit>' listed on the command
190 line, read them from the standard input.
194 After a failed merge, show refs that touch files having a
195 conflict and don't exist on all heads to merge.
199 Output uninteresting commits at the boundary, which are usually
204 When optional paths are given, the default behaviour ('--dense') is to
205 only output commits that changes at least one of them, and also ignore
206 merges that do not touch the given paths.
208 Use the '--sparse' flag to makes the command output all eligible commits
209 (still subject to count and age limitation), but apply merge
210 simplification nevertheless.
214 Limit output to the one commit object which is roughly halfway between
215 the included and excluded commits. Thus, if
217 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
218 $ git-rev-list --bisect foo ^bar ^baz
219 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
221 outputs 'midpoint', the output of the two commands
223 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
224 $ git-rev-list foo ^midpoint
225 $ git-rev-list midpoint ^bar ^baz
226 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
228 would be of roughly the same length. Finding the change which
229 introduces a regression is thus reduced to a binary search: repeatedly
230 generate and test new 'midpoint's until the commit chain is of length
238 By default, the commits are shown in reverse chronological order.
242 This option makes them appear in topological order (i.e.
243 descendant commits are shown before their parents).
247 This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
248 parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise things
249 are still ordered in the commit timestamp order.
254 These options are mostly targeted for packing of git repositories.
258 Print the object IDs of any object referenced by the listed
259 commits. 'git-rev-list --objects foo ^bar' thus means "send me
260 all object IDs which I need to download if I have the commit
261 object 'bar', but not 'foo'".
265 Similar to '--objects', but also print the IDs of excluded
266 commits prefixed with a "-" character. This is used by
267 gitlink:git-pack-objects[1] to build "thin" pack, which records
268 objects in deltified form based on objects contained in these
269 excluded commits to reduce network traffic.
273 Only useful with '--objects'; print the object IDs that are not
278 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
282 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Jonas Fonseca
283 and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
287 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite