1 Localizing git-gui for your language
2 ====================================
4 This short note is to help you, who reads and writes English and your
5 own language, help us getting git-gui localized for more languages. It
6 does not try to be a comprehensive manual of GNU gettext, which is the
7 i18n framework we use, but tries to help you get started by covering the
8 basics and how it is used in this project.
12 You would first need to have a working "git". Your distribution may
13 have it as "git-core" package (do not get "GNU Interactive Tools" --
14 that is a different "git"). You would also need GNU gettext toolchain
15 to test the resulting translation out. Although you can work on message
16 translation files with a regular text editor, it is a good idea to have
17 specialized so-called "po file editors" (e.g. emacs po-mode, KBabel,
18 poedit, GTranslator --- any of them would work well). Please install
21 You would then need to clone the git-gui internationalization project
22 repository, so that you can work on it:
24 $ git clone mob@repo.or.cz:/srv/git/git-gui/git-gui-i18n.git/
26 $ git checkout --track -b mob origin/mob
27 $ git config remote.origin.push mob
29 The "git checkout" command creates a 'mob' branch from upstream's
30 corresponding branch and makes it your current branch. You will be
31 working on this branch.
33 The "git config" command records in your repository configuration file
34 that you would push "mob" branch to the upstream when you say "git
38 2. Starting a new language.
40 In the git-gui-i18n directory is a po/ subdirectory. It has a
41 handful files whose names end with ".po". Is there a file that has
42 messages in your language?
44 If you do not know what your language should be named, you need to find
45 it. This currently follows ISO 639-1 two letter codes:
47 http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
49 For example, if you are preparing a translation for Afrikaans, the
50 language code is "af". If there already is a translation for your
51 language, you do not have to perform any step in this section, but keep
52 reading, because we are covering the basics.
54 If you did not find your language, you would need to start one yourself.
55 Copy po/git-gui.pot file to po/af.po (replace "af" with the code for
56 your language). Edit the first several lines to match existing *.po
57 files to make it clear this is a translation table for git-gui project,
58 and you are the primary translator. The result of your editing would
59 look something like this:
61 # Translation of git-gui to Afrikaans
62 # Copyright (C) 2007 Shawn Pearce
63 # This file is distributed under the same license as the git-gui package.
64 # YOUR NAME <YOUR@E-MAIL.ADDRESS>, 2007.
69 "Project-Id-Version: git-gui\n"
70 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
71 "POT-Creation-Date: 2007-07-24 22:19+0300\n"
72 "PO-Revision-Date: 2007-07-25 18:00+0900\n"
73 "Last-Translator: YOUR NAME <YOUR@E-MAIL.ADDRESS>\n"
74 "Language-Team: Afrikaans\n"
76 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
77 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
79 You will find many pairs of a "msgid" line followed by a "msgstr" line.
80 These pairs define how messages in git-gui application are translated to
81 your language. Your primarily job is to fill in the empty double quote
82 pairs on msgstr lines with the translation of the strings on their
83 matching msgid lines. A few tips:
85 - Control characters, such as newlines, are written in backslash
86 sequence similar to string literals in the C programming language.
87 When the string given on a msgid line has such a backslash sequence,
88 you would typically want to have corresponding ones in the string on
91 - Some messages contain an optional context indicator at the end,
92 for example "@@noun" or "@@verb". This indicator allows the
93 software to select the correct translation depending upon the use.
94 The indicator is not actually part of the message and will not
95 be shown to the end-user.
97 If your language does not require a different translation you
98 will still need to translate both messages.
100 - Often the messages being translated are format strings given to
101 "printf()"-like functions. Make sure "%s", "%d", and "%%" in your
102 translated messages match the original.
104 When you have to change the order of words, you can add "<number>\$"
105 between '%' and the conversion ('s', 'd', etc.) to say "<number>-th
106 parameter to the format string is used at this point". For example,
107 if the original message is like this:
109 "Length is %d, Weight is %d"
111 and if for whatever reason your translation needs to say weight first
112 and then length, you can say something like:
114 "WEIGHT IS %2\$d, LENGTH IS %1\$d"
116 The reason you need a backslash before dollar sign is because
117 this is a double quoted string in Tcl language, and without
118 it the letter introduces a variable interpolation, which you
121 - A long message can be split across multiple lines by ending the
122 string with a double quote, and starting another string on the next
123 line with another double quote. They will be concatenated in the
126 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:189
129 "One or more of the merge tests failed because you have not fetched the "
130 "necessary commits. Try fetching from %s first."
132 "HERE YOU WILL WRITE YOUR TRANSLATION OF THE ABOVE LONG "
133 "MESSAGE IN YOUR LANGUAGE."
135 You can test your translation by running "make install", which would
136 create po/af.msg file and installs the result, and then running the
137 resulting git-gui under your locale:
142 There is a trick to test your translation without first installing:
145 $ LANG=af ./git-gui.sh
147 When you are satisfied with your translation, commit your changes, and
148 push it back to the 'mob' branch:
151 ... be sure to update Last-Translator: and
152 ... PO-Revision-Date: lines.
154 $ git commit -m 'Started Afrikaans translation.'
158 3. Updating your translation.
160 There may already be a translation for your language, and you may want
161 to contribute an update. This may be because you would want to improve
162 the translation of existing messages, or because the git-gui software
163 itself was updated and there are new messages that need translation.
165 In any case, make sure you are up-to-date before starting your work:
169 In the former case, you will edit po/af.po (again, replace "af" with
170 your language code), and after testing and updating the Last-Translator:
171 and PO-Revision-Date: lines, "add/commit/push" as in the previous
174 By comparing "POT-Creation-Date:" line in po/git-gui.pot file and
175 po/af.po file, you can tell if there are new messages that need to be
176 translated. You would need the GNU gettext package to perform this
179 $ msgmerge -U po/af.po po/git-gui.pot
181 [NEEDSWORK: who is responsible for updating po/git-gui.pot file by
182 running xgettext? IIRC, Christian recommended against running it
183 nilly-willy because it can become a source of unnecessary merge
184 conflicts. Perhaps we should mention something like "
186 The po/git-gui.pot file is updated by the internationalization
187 coordinator from time to time. You _could_ update it yourself, but
188 translators are discouraged from doing so because we would want all
189 language teams to be working off of the same version of git-gui.pot.
193 This updates po/af.po (again, replace "af" with your language
194 code) so that it contains msgid lines (i.e. the original) that
195 your translation did not have before. There are a few things to
198 - The original text in English of an older message you already
199 translated might have been changed. You will notice a comment line
200 that begins with "#, fuzzy" in front of such a message. msgmerge
201 tool made its best effort to match your old translation with the
202 message from the updated software, but you may find cases that it
203 matched your old translated message to a new msgid and the pairing
204 does not make any sense -- you would need to fix them, and then
205 remove the "#, fuzzy" line from the message (your fixed translation
206 of the message will not be used before you remove the marker).
208 - New messages added to the software will have msgstr lines with empty
209 strings. You would need to translate them.